CN113909577A - Ultrasonic machining apparatus and control method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrasonic machining apparatus and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113909577A CN113909577A CN202111189234.1A CN202111189234A CN113909577A CN 113909577 A CN113909577 A CN 113909577A CN 202111189234 A CN202111189234 A CN 202111189234A CN 113909577 A CN113909577 A CN 113909577A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/12—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring vibration
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic processing device and a control method thereof, wherein the ultrasonic processing device is provided with a detection device for acquiring the actual amplitude of a cutter arranged on an ultrasonic cutter handle, and a numerical control system can receive the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter detected by the detection device and compare the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter. Compared with the prior art, the accurate closed-loop control of the ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter can be realized, so that the good ultrasonic processing quality is ensured, the good ultrasonic processing effect is obtained, the cutter abrasion is greatly reduced, and the service life of the cutter is obviously prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic processing, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic processing device and a control method thereof.
Background
The high-frequency vibration machining mechanism is introduced in the machining process, so that the surface roughness of a machined surface can be improved, the machining precision can be improved, the cutting resistance can be reduced, and the service life of a cutter can be prolonged.
In ultrasonic machining, generally, a voltage or a current is applied to an ultrasonic spindle or an ultrasonic tool shank through an ultrasonic generator, so that an ultrasonic vibration element therein performs high-frequency ultrasonic vibration and drives a tool mounted on the ultrasonic tool shank or a common tool shank to vibrate, thereby performing machining. However, when the current cutter vibrates by ultrasonic waves, the actual amplitude of the cutter is not well controlled, and detection and closed-loop control are not performed, so that the ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter cannot be controlled within a target range.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic machining apparatus and a control method thereof, which can ensure that before starting machining (before starting the entire process or before starting an intermediate process), a detection device (for example, a laser sensor or an optical camera) is used to perform closed-loop control of the ultrasonic amplitude of a tool, thereby controlling the ultrasonic amplitude of the tool within a target range and further ensuring the quality and effect of ultrasonic machining.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an ultrasonic processing device which comprises an ultrasonic main shaft, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic tool holder and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system is connected with the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic main shaft, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic main shaft and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the ultrasonic main shaft according to a numerical control system instruction, and the ultrasonic tool holder is arranged on the ultrasonic main shaft and is used for installing a tool;
the ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, and the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system;
the numerical control system is further used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic knife handle comprises an ultrasonic vibration element, and the ultrasonic vibration element is used for driving the cutter to perform ultrasonic vibration.
Further, the ultrasonic spindle comprises a wireless transmitting device, the ultrasonic tool handle comprises a wireless receiving device, the wireless transmitting device is matched with the wireless receiving device and realizes ultrasonic wireless power transmission, and the wireless power is used for enabling the tool arranged on the ultrasonic tool handle to vibrate.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic main shaft comprises an energy transmission device, the energy transmission device is connected with the ultrasonic generator in a wired and direct connection mode, and the energy transmission device is used for transmitting the electric energy of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic vibration element in a wired and direct connection mode.
Further, the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
Further, the detection device comprises a sensor for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool.
Further, detection device includes the vision subassembly of testing vibration, the vision subassembly of testing vibration is including setting up the camera switching protection mechanism in camera the place ahead, camera switching protection mechanism can receive numerical control system's instruction is opened and closed.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic main shaft comprises a wireless transmitting device and a wireless receiving device, and the ultrasonic knife handle and the ultrasonic main shaft are directly connected through a wire to realize electric energy transmission.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an ultrasonic machining apparatus, which includes an ultrasonic spindle, an ultrasonic generator, a common tool shank, and a numerical control system, where the numerical control system is connected to the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic spindle, the ultrasonic generator is connected to the ultrasonic spindle and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to an instruction of the numerical control system, and the common tool shank is mounted on the ultrasonic spindle and used for mounting a tool;
the ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, and the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system;
the numerical control system is further used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
Further, the ultrasonic main shaft comprises an ultrasonic vibration element, and the ultrasonic vibration element is used for driving the cutter to perform ultrasonic vibration.
Further, the ultrasonic spindle further comprises an energy transmission device, and the energy transmission device is used for transmitting the electric energy of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic vibration element in a wireless or wired mode.
Further, the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
Further, the detection device comprises a sensor for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool.
Further, detection device includes the vision subassembly of testing vibration, the vision subassembly of testing vibration is including setting up the camera switching protection mechanism in camera the place ahead, camera switching protection mechanism can receive numerical control system's instruction is opened and closed.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an ultrasonic processing apparatus, which includes a common spindle, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic tool holder, an external energy transmission device and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system is connected to the ultrasonic generator and the common spindle, the external energy transmission device is installed on the common spindle, the ultrasonic generator is connected to the external energy transmission device and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the external energy transmission device according to a numerical control system instruction, and the ultrasonic tool holder is installed on the common spindle and used for installing a tool;
the ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, and the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system;
the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the plug-in energy transmission device according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
Furthermore, the external energy transmission device transmits the electric energy of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic knife handle in a wireless or wired mode, and the ultrasonic knife handle comprises an ultrasonic vibration element.
Further, the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
Further, the detection device comprises a sensor for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool.
Further, detection device includes the vision subassembly of testing vibration, the vision subassembly of testing vibration is including setting up the camera switching protection mechanism in camera the place ahead, camera switching protection mechanism can receive numerical control system's instruction is opened and closed.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling an ultrasonic machining apparatus, comprising the steps of:
the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator;
the ultrasonic generator receives the target cutter amplitude signal, converts the target cutter amplitude signal into a first control voltage or a first control current signal and outputs the first control voltage or the first control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle;
the ultrasonic main shaft receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool;
the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter;
if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is inconsistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator so that the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
Further, in the step of receiving the first control voltage or the first control current signal by the ultrasonic spindle to enable the cutter mounted on the ultrasonic cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic spindle converts the first control voltage or the first control current signal into wireless electric energy and transmits the wireless electric energy to an ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic cutter handle to drive the cutter mounted on the ultrasonic cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration.
Further, the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
Further, before the step of sending the target cutter amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic cutter handle to be used for machining and/or the corresponding cutter, and determines the target cutter amplitude signal according to the prestored cutter ultrasonic amplitude.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for controlling an ultrasonic machining apparatus, comprising the steps of:
the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator;
the ultrasonic generator receives the target cutter amplitude signal, converts the target cutter amplitude signal into a first control voltage or a first control current signal and outputs the first control voltage or the first control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle;
the ultrasonic spindle receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on a common cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool;
the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter;
if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is inconsistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator so that the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
Further, in the step of receiving the first control voltage or the first control current signal by the ultrasonic spindle to make the cutter mounted on the common cutter handle perform ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic vibration device in the ultrasonic spindle is driven by the first control voltage or the first control current signal to vibrate so as to drive the cutter mounted on the common cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration.
Further, the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
Further, before the step of sending the target cutter amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic cutter handle to be used for machining and/or the corresponding cutter, and determines the target cutter amplitude signal according to the prestored cutter ultrasonic amplitude.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for controlling an ultrasonic machining apparatus, comprising the steps of:
the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator;
the ultrasonic generator receives the amplitude signal of the target cutter, converts the amplitude signal into a first control voltage signal or a first control current signal and outputs the first control voltage signal or the first control current signal to an external energy transmission device arranged on a common main shaft;
the external energy transmission device receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool;
the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter;
and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator so that the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the plug-in energy transmission device to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
Furthermore, in the step of receiving the first control voltage or the first control current signal by the external energy transmission device to enable the cutter mounted on the ultrasonic cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration, the external energy transmission device converts the first control voltage or the first control current signal into wireless electric energy and transmits the wireless electric energy to an ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic cutter handle to vibrate so as to drive the cutter mounted on the ultrasonic cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration.
Further, the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
Further, before the step of sending the target cutter amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic cutter handle to be used for machining and/or the corresponding cutter, and determines the target cutter amplitude signal according to the prestored cutter ultrasonic amplitude.
The invention provides an ultrasonic processing device and a control method thereof, compared with the prior art, the ultrasonic processing device at least has the following beneficial effects: under the ultrasonic processing occasion, the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is detected by an independent detection device and fed back to the numerical control system, and the numerical control system compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter and judges whether the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter. If the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave is inconsistent with the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave of the cutter, the numerical control system controls the ultrasonic generator to output a second control voltage or a second control current, so that the actual amplitude of the ultrasonic wave of the cutter meets the requirement of being consistent with the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave of the cutter in advance. In this way, a closed-loop control of the ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is completely achieved, which is very important in the case of field machining. Because the key factor of the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is realized to be precisely controlled in a closed loop, the processing quality and the processing effect are reliably ensured, the abrasion of the cutter is greatly reduced, and the service life of the cutter is obviously prolonged.
Drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are only drawn for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the drawings are intended to be conceptual in nature or configuration of the objects depicted and may contain exaggerated displays and are not necessarily drawn to scale. Moreover, in the different figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or substantially the same components.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an ultrasonic processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an ultrasonic machining apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an ultrasonic processing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a tool wear curve with and without closed-loop control of ultrasonic amplitude obtained by an ultrasonic processing apparatus processing a material sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the description is illustrative only, and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
First, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only to distinguish one type of technical feature from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance, order or quantity of such technical features, i.e., a "first" technical feature may be referred to as a "second" technical feature, a "second" technical feature may also be referred to as a "first" technical feature, and technical features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such technical features.
Secondly, it is also to be understood that any single feature described or implicit in an embodiment herein, or any single feature shown or implicit in the drawings, may still be combined between these features (or their equivalents) to obtain other embodiments of the invention not directly mentioned herein.
In addition, it should also be noted that, although the individual steps in the flowcharts of the drawings are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performing the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic machining apparatus, which includes an ultrasonic spindle, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic tool holder, and a numerical control system, where the numerical control system is connected to the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic spindle, the ultrasonic generator is connected to the ultrasonic spindle and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to an instruction of the numerical control system, the ultrasonic tool holder is installed on the ultrasonic spindle and used for installing a tool, and the ultrasonic tool holder includes an ultrasonic vibration element (generally, a crystal oscillator). It should be noted that the ultrasonic processing apparatus includes, but is not limited to, a numerical control ultrasonic processing machine.
The ultrasonic spindle can include a wireless transmitting device, at the moment, the ultrasonic tool handle includes a wireless receiving device, the wireless transmitting device is matched with the wireless receiving device and achieves ultrasonic wireless power transmission, and the wireless power is used for enabling a tool installed on the ultrasonic tool handle to vibrate.
Of course, in another mode, the ultrasonic spindle may include a wireless transmitting device and a wireless receiving device, and at this time, the ultrasonic tool shank does not include the wireless receiving device and is directly connected to the ultrasonic spindle in a wired manner to realize electric energy transmission.
Of course, in another mode, the ultrasonic spindle includes an energy transmission device, the energy transmission device is used for transmitting the electric energy of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic vibration element in a wired direct connection mode, and the energy transmission device is connected with the ultrasonic generator in a wired direct connection mode.
The ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, and the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system. The detection device comprises a sensor for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool. Of course, the detection device is not limited to include a sensor, and may include other means such as an image recognition device, which may acquire the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool from the photographed image.
The numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter. It should be noted that the second time is not limited to the second time, and may be a plurality of times, which depends on the actual adjustment condition of the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, and finally, in the case of a certain second control voltage or second control current signal, the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool.
In addition, the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system sends a starting rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle. Thereafter, the tool starts to perform the machining work.
The present invention provides a method for controlling an ultrasonic processing apparatus, corresponding to the ultrasonic processing apparatus of the first embodiment, including the steps of: the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator; the ultrasonic generator receives the amplitude signal of the target cutter, converts the amplitude signal into a control voltage or control current signal and outputs the control voltage or control current signal to the ultrasonic main shaft; the ultrasonic main shaft receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration; the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool; the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter; if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is inconsistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
The ultrasonic vibration processing method comprises the steps that the ultrasonic main shaft receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so that a cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle can carry out ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic main shaft converts the first control voltage or the first control current signal into wireless electric energy and transmits the wireless electric energy to an ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic cutter handle so as to drive the cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration.
And the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system sends a starting rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
Before the step of sending a target cutter amplitude signal to an ultrasonic generator by a numerical control system, the numerical control system identifies an ultrasonic cutter handle to be used for processing and/or a corresponding cutter, and determines the target cutter amplitude signal according to the prestored cutter ultrasonic amplitude.
It should be noted that the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool refers to that each tool set and stored in the numerical control system corresponds to an ultrasonic amplitude in advance, or each ultrasonic tool handle corresponds to an ultrasonic amplitude (of course, the tools clamped on the ultrasonic tool handles correspond to the ultrasonic tool handles one to one, so that the ultrasonic tool handles are identified, that is, the tools are identified), that is, the numerical control system can identify which ultrasonic tool handle or which tool is used at this time according to the processing process, the numerical control system has a database in which the ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is prestored, and the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is a specific value. When the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter is compared with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter and the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter are only required to be within a reasonable deviation range, and the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter and the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter are not required to be completely consistent. The pre-stored tool ultrasonic amplitude is an optimum value obtained from a large amount of test data.
Referring to fig. 2, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic machining apparatus, which includes an ultrasonic spindle, an ultrasonic generator, a common tool shank, and a numerical control system, where the numerical control system is connected to the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic spindle, the ultrasonic generator is connected to the ultrasonic spindle and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to an instruction of the numerical control system, the common tool shank is mounted on the ultrasonic spindle and is used for mounting a tool, and the ultrasonic spindle includes an ultrasonic vibration element (generally, a crystal oscillator) for driving the tool to perform ultrasonic vibration. The ordinary tool shank is a tool shank without an ultrasonic vibration element arranged therein, namely a non-ultrasonic tool shank.
The ultrasonic spindle further comprises an energy transmission device, and the energy transmission device is used for transmitting the electric energy of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic vibration element in a wireless or wired mode.
The ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system, and the detection device comprises a sensor which can detect the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter. Of course, the detection device is not limited to include a sensor, and may include other means such as an image recognition device, which may acquire the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool from the photographed image. Of course, detection device can also include the vision subassembly that shakes of examining, the vision subassembly that shakes is including setting up the camera switching protection mechanism in camera the place ahead, camera switching protection mechanism can receive numerical control system's instruction carries out the switching. Because a large amount of cooling liquid and oil stains exist in a processing site, a camera opening and closing protection mechanism is required to be arranged to keep the camera clean, and the camera opening and closing protection mechanism receives an instruction of the numerical control system to perform opening and closing actions. In addition, specifically, the camera opening and closing protection mechanism is provided independently of the camera, which is different from the opening and closing plate in the prior art in which the front end of the camera is manually opened and closed.
The numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
In addition, the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system sends a starting rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
The present invention provides a method for controlling an ultrasonic processing apparatus, corresponding to the ultrasonic processing apparatus of the second embodiment, including the steps of: the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator; the ultrasonic generator receives the amplitude signal of the target cutter, converts the amplitude signal into a control voltage or control current signal and outputs the control voltage or control current signal to the ultrasonic main shaft; the ultrasonic main shaft receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on the common cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration; the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool; the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter; if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is inconsistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
In addition, in the step that the ultrasonic spindle receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal and drives the cutter arranged on the common cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic spindle is driven by the first control voltage or the first control current signal to vibrate so as to drive the cutter on the common cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration.
In addition, the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system sends a starting rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
In addition, before the step of sending the target cutter amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic cutter handle to be used for machining and/or the corresponding cutter, and determines the target cutter amplitude signal according to the prestored cutter ultrasonic amplitude.
Referring to fig. 3, a third embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic processing apparatus, which includes a common spindle, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic tool holder, an external energy transmission device, and a numerical control system, the numerical control system is connected with the ultrasonic generator and the common main shaft, the plug-in energy transmission device can be installed on the common main shaft or the side wall of the machine tool and other positions, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the plug-in energy transmission device and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the plug-in energy transmission device according to the instruction of the numerical control system, the ultrasonic knife handle is arranged on the common main shaft and is used for installing a cutter, the external energy transmission device transmits the electric energy of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic knife handle in a wireless or wired mode, the ultrasonic knife handle comprises an ultrasonic vibration element, and the ultrasonic vibration element is used for driving the knife to perform ultrasonic vibration. The common main shaft is a main shaft without an ultrasonic vibration element arranged therein, and the external energy transmission device is sleeved on the common main shaft at the moment, so that certain convenience is provided, and the existing processing device, such as a machine tool, can be processed by simply transforming the existing processing device.
The ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system, and the detection device comprises a sensor used for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter. Of course, the detection device is not limited to include a sensor, and may include other means such as an image recognition device, which may acquire the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool from the photographed image. Of course, detection device can also include the vision subassembly that shakes of examining, the vision subassembly that shakes is including setting up the camera switching protection mechanism in camera the place ahead, camera switching protection mechanism can receive numerical control system's instruction carries out the switching. Because a large amount of cooling liquid and oil stains exist in a processing site, a camera opening and closing protection mechanism is required to be arranged to keep the camera clean, and the camera opening and closing protection mechanism receives an instruction of the numerical control system to perform opening and closing actions. In addition, specifically, the camera opening and closing protection mechanism is provided independently of the camera, which is different from the opening and closing plate in the prior art in which the front end of the camera is manually opened and closed.
The numerical control system is further used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is inconsistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls the output of an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the external energy transmission device according to the adjusting signal, the external energy transmission device transmits electric energy to the ultrasonic knife handle, and the ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic knife handle drives the cutter to carry out ultrasonic vibration so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter and enable the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
In addition, the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system sends a starting rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
The present invention provides a method for controlling an ultrasonic processing apparatus, corresponding to the ultrasonic processing apparatus of the third embodiment, including the steps of: the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator; the ultrasonic generator receives the amplitude signal of the target cutter, converts the amplitude signal into a first control voltage signal or a first control current signal and outputs the first control voltage signal or the first control current signal to an external energy transmission device arranged on a common main shaft; the external energy transmission device receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration; the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool; the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter; and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator so that the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the plug-in energy transmission device, and the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
Specifically, in the step of receiving the first control voltage or the first control current signal by the ultrasonic spindle to enable the cutter mounted on the ultrasonic cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic vibration device comprises an external energy transmission device which converts the first control voltage or the first control current signal into wireless electric energy and transmits the wireless electric energy to an ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic cutter handle to vibrate so as to drive the cutter on the ultrasonic cutter handle to perform ultrasonic vibration.
In addition, the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, and if the actual ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic wave amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system sends a starting rotation instruction to the ultrasonic spindle.
In addition, before the step of sending the target cutter amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic cutter handle to be used for machining and/or the corresponding cutter, and determines the target cutter amplitude signal according to the prestored cutter ultrasonic amplitude.
In addition, in the above 3 embodiments, the method further includes, before the step of sending the target tool amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, identifying whether the machining process to be started is an ultrasonic machining process (for example, a finish milling titanium alloy plane machining process) requiring closed-loop control of the tool ultrasonic amplitude by the numerical control system, if so, sending the target tool amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, and if not, not sending the target tool amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator by the numerical control system, and sending an instruction for directly performing machining by the numerical control system. The identification processing technology is not limited to be obtained by reading the processing code through the numerical control system. Therefore, the processing quality of the processing technology which needs to control the ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter in a closed loop mode is greatly improved.
Further, with respect to the first embodiment, ultrasonic machining data as illustrated in fig. 4 is provided, which clearly shows that the wear of the rake face of the tool is significantly reduced and the tool life is significantly improved if the ultrasonic amplitude is closed-loop controlled. In fig. 4, a solid line curve is a tool rake face wear amount curve without ultrasonic amplitude closed-loop control, and a dashed line curve is a tool rake face wear amount curve with ultrasonic amplitude closed-loop control; the situation of the abrasion of the back tool surface of the tool is similar, and the abrasion amount of the tool with the ultrasonic amplitude closed-loop control is far smaller than that of the tool without the ultrasonic amplitude closed-loop control, which is not listed here. Wherein, the abscissa is the processing length of the processing technology only, and the ordinate is the abrasion loss of the front tool face of the tool. In addition, we also obtained comparative data of the surface roughness of the machined piece in experimental tests as follows: the surface roughness obtained by processing the titanium alloy by the cutter with the ultrasonic amplitude closed-loop control is 0.033 micrometer, and the surface roughness obtained by processing the titanium alloy by the cutter without the ultrasonic amplitude closed-loop control is 0.067 micrometer. The same conclusions as above apply to examples two and three, which are not further listed here.
The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and includes other embodiments that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments are to be considered within the scope of the claimed subject matter as long as they include structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claimed subject matter, or that such other embodiments include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claimed subject matter.
Claims (31)
1. An ultrasonic processing device comprises an ultrasonic main shaft, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic tool shank and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system is connected with the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic main shaft, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic main shaft and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the ultrasonic main shaft according to a numerical control system instruction, the ultrasonic tool shank is arranged on the ultrasonic main shaft and is used for installing a tool, and the ultrasonic processing device is characterized in that,
the ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, and the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system;
the numerical control system is further used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
2. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic tool shank includes an ultrasonic vibration element for driving the tool to vibrate ultrasonically.
3. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic spindle comprises a wireless transmitter, the ultrasonic tool shank comprises a wireless receiver, the wireless transmitter cooperates with the wireless receiver and enables ultrasonic wireless power transmission, and the wireless power is used for vibrating the tool mounted on the ultrasonic tool shank.
4. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic spindle includes an energy transmission device connected to the ultrasonic generator by a direct wired connection, the energy transmission device being configured to transmit electric energy from the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic vibration element by a direct wired connection.
5. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 1, wherein the numerical control system is further configured to compare an actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation command to the ultrasonic spindle.
6. An ultrasonic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection means comprise a sensor for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool.
7. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detection device comprises a visual vibration measurement component, the visual vibration measurement component comprises a camera opening and closing protection mechanism arranged in front of the camera, and the camera opening and closing protection mechanism can receive an instruction of the numerical control system to open and close.
8. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic spindle comprises a wireless transmitting device and a wireless receiving device, and the ultrasonic tool shank and the ultrasonic spindle are directly connected by a wire to realize electric energy transmission.
9. An ultrasonic processing device is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic main shaft, an ultrasonic generator, a common tool shank and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system is connected with the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic main shaft, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic main shaft and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the ultrasonic main shaft according to a numerical control system instruction, the common tool shank is arranged on the ultrasonic main shaft and is used for installing a tool, and the ultrasonic processing device is characterized in that,
the ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, and the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system;
the numerical control system is further used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
10. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic spindle includes an ultrasonic vibration element for driving the tool to perform ultrasonic vibration.
11. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 10, wherein the ultrasonic spindle further comprises an energy transmission device for transmitting the electric power of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic vibration element wirelessly or by wire.
12. An ultrasonic machining apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the numerical control system is further configured to compare an actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool with a prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system sends a start rotation command to the ultrasonic spindle.
13. An ultrasonic machining device according to claim 9, characterized in that the detection means comprise a sensor for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool.
14. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the detection device comprises a visual vibration measurement component, the visual vibration measurement component comprises a camera opening and closing protection mechanism arranged in front of the camera, and the camera opening and closing protection mechanism can receive an instruction of the numerical control system to open and close.
15. An ultrasonic processing device comprises a common main shaft, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic tool handle, an externally-hung energy transmission device and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system is connected with the ultrasonic generator and the common main shaft, the externally-hung energy transmission device is arranged on the common main shaft, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the externally-hung energy transmission device and outputs a first control voltage or a first control current signal to the externally-hung energy transmission device according to a numerical control system instruction, the ultrasonic tool handle is arranged on the common main shaft and is used for installing a tool,
the ultrasonic processing device also comprises a detection device connected with the numerical control system, and the detection device is used for detecting the actual amplitude of the cutter and feeding the actual amplitude back to the numerical control system;
the numerical control system is also used for comparing the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the plug-in energy transmission device according to the adjusting signal so as to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
16. The ultrasonic machining device of claim 15, wherein the external energy transmission device transmits the electrical energy of the ultrasonic generator to the ultrasonic blade handle in a wireless or wired manner, the ultrasonic blade handle including an ultrasonic vibration element.
17. An ultrasonic machining apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool with a pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system issues a start rotation command to the ultrasonic spindle.
18. An ultrasonic machining device according to claim 15, characterized in that the detection means comprise a sensor for detecting the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool.
19. The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the detection device comprises a visual vibration measurement component, the visual vibration measurement component comprises a camera opening and closing protection mechanism arranged in front of the camera, and the camera opening and closing protection mechanism can receive an instruction of the numerical control system to open and close.
20. A control method of an ultrasonic machining apparatus, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator;
the ultrasonic generator receives the target cutter amplitude signal, converts the target cutter amplitude signal into a first control voltage or a first control current signal and outputs the first control voltage or the first control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle;
the ultrasonic main shaft receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool;
the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter;
if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is inconsistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator so that the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of receiving the first control voltage or the first control current signal by the ultrasonic spindle to ultrasonically vibrate the tool mounted on the ultrasonic tool shank includes converting the first control voltage or the first control current signal into wireless power by the ultrasonic spindle and transmitting the wireless power to an ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic tool shank to drive the tool mounted on the ultrasonic tool shank to ultrasonically vibrate.
22. An ultrasonic machining apparatus according to claim 20 wherein the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool with a pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system issues a start rotation command to the ultrasonic spindle.
23. An ultrasonic machining apparatus according to claim 20 wherein, prior to the step of the numerical control system sending a target tool amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic tool shank and/or corresponding tool to be used for machining and determines the target tool amplitude signal from a pre-stored tool ultrasonic amplitude.
24. A control method of an ultrasonic machining apparatus, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator;
the ultrasonic generator receives the target cutter amplitude signal, converts the target cutter amplitude signal into a first control voltage or a first control current signal and outputs the first control voltage or the first control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle;
the ultrasonic spindle receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on a common cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool;
the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter;
if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is inconsistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator so that the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the ultrasonic spindle to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the step of receiving the first control voltage or the first control current signal by the ultrasonic spindle to ultrasonically vibrate the tool mounted on the common tool shank includes driving an ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic spindle to vibrate the tool mounted on the common tool shank by the first control voltage or the first control current signal.
26. The method of claim 24, wherein the numerical control system is further configured to compare an actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool with a pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system issues a start rotation command to the ultrasonic spindle.
27. The method of claim 24, wherein prior to the step of the numerical control system sending a target tool amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic tool shank and/or corresponding tool to be used for machining and determines the target tool amplitude signal based on a pre-stored tool ultrasonic amplitude.
28. A control method of an ultrasonic machining apparatus, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the numerical control system sends out an amplitude signal of a target cutter to the ultrasonic generator;
the ultrasonic generator receives the amplitude signal of the target cutter, converts the amplitude signal into a first control voltage signal or a first control current signal and outputs the first control voltage signal or the first control current signal to an external energy transmission device arranged on a common main shaft;
the external energy transmission device receives the first control voltage or the first control current signal so as to enable a cutter arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
the detection device receives a tool amplitude detection instruction of the numerical control system and detects the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool;
the numerical control system receives the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter fed back by the detection device and compares the actual ultrasonic amplitude with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter;
and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter is not consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter, the numerical control system controls to output an adjusting signal to the ultrasonic generator so that the ultrasonic generator outputs a second control voltage or a second control current signal to the plug-in energy transmission device to adjust the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter to be consistent with the prestored ultrasonic amplitude of the cutter.
29. The method of controlling an ultrasonic machining apparatus according to claim 28, wherein in the step of receiving the first control voltage or the first control current signal by the external energy transmission apparatus to ultrasonically vibrate the tool mounted on the ultrasonic tool shank, the external energy transmission apparatus converts the first control voltage or the first control current signal into wireless power and transmits the wireless power to an ultrasonic vibration element in the ultrasonic tool shank to vibrate the tool mounted on the ultrasonic tool shank.
30. An ultrasonic machining apparatus according to claim 28 wherein the numerical control system is further configured to compare the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool with a pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, and if the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the tool is consistent with the pre-stored ultrasonic amplitude of the tool, the numerical control system issues a start rotation command to the ultrasonic spindle.
31. An ultrasonic machining apparatus according to claim 28 wherein, prior to the step of the numerical control system sending a target tool amplitude signal to the ultrasonic generator, the numerical control system identifies the ultrasonic tool shank and/or corresponding tool to be used for machining and determines the target tool amplitude signal from a pre-stored tool ultrasonic amplitude.
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