CN113904409A - Vehicle power supply circuit, equipment and car - Google Patents
Vehicle power supply circuit, equipment and car Download PDFInfo
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- CN113904409A CN113904409A CN202111179775.6A CN202111179775A CN113904409A CN 113904409 A CN113904409 A CN 113904409A CN 202111179775 A CN202111179775 A CN 202111179775A CN 113904409 A CN113904409 A CN 113904409A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle power supply circuit, vehicle power supply equipment and an automobile, and relates to the technical field of automobile power supply systems. The vehicle power supply circuit comprises a power battery, a first power supply circuit, a second power supply circuit and a fusing element; the input end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the output end of the power battery, and the output end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply end; the input end of the second power supply circuit is connected with the input end of the first power supply circuit, and the output end of the second power supply circuit is respectively connected with the first power supply end and the second power supply end; the fusing element is arranged between the input end of the first power supply circuit and the input end of the second power supply circuit. According to the invention, a plurality of power supply sources are obtained by converting the output power source of the power battery; the first power supply circuit is arranged on the inner side of the fusing element, so that after the fusing element is disconnected, the first power supply circuit can still output a low-voltage power supply, and the power supply of part of low-voltage electric devices of the vehicle is ensured, and the safety of the vehicle is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile power systems, in particular to a vehicle power supply circuit, vehicle power supply equipment and an automobile.
Background
The power supply system of the new energy automobile is divided into a high-voltage power supply system and a low-voltage power supply system, wherein the power supply objects of the low-voltage power supply system mainly comprise vehicle-mounted low-voltage electric appliances, such as various controllers (a power management controller, a vehicle control unit, a motor controller and the like), instruments, a display, a communication module and the like. However, when the power supply of the low-voltage power supply system is abnormal, if the whole vehicle is in a condition that power supply is not allowed (such as in high-speed driving), each low-voltage electrical appliance in the vehicle is abnormally powered off, so that the vehicle has potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a vehicle power supply circuit, and aims to solve the technical problems that a power supply source of a vehicle low-voltage power supply system is abnormal and a vehicle is abnormally powered off in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vehicle power supply circuit, including:
a power battery;
the input end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the output end of the power battery, and the output end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply end;
the input end of the second power supply circuit is connected with the input end of the first power supply circuit, the output end of the second power supply circuit is respectively connected with the first power supply end and the second power supply end, and the output power of the second power supply circuit is greater than that of the first power supply circuit;
and the fusing element is arranged between the input end of the first power supply circuit and the input end of the second power supply circuit.
Optionally, the first power supply circuit includes:
the input end of the flyback conversion circuit is connected with the output end of the power battery;
and the first end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end of the flyback conversion circuit, the second end of the switching circuit is connected with the first power supply end, and the third end of the switching circuit is connected with the second power supply end.
Optionally, the flyback converter circuit includes:
the primary coil of the transformer is connected with the output end of the power battery;
the power switch tube is arranged on a loop between the primary coil and the power battery and used for controlling the on-off of the loop;
and the input end of the output circuit is connected with the secondary coil of the transformer, and the output end of the output circuit is connected with the first end of the switching circuit.
Optionally, the switching circuit includes:
the anode of the first diode is connected with the output end of the flyback conversion circuit, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first power supply end;
and the anode of the second diode is connected with the output end of the second power supply circuit, and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the first power supply end.
Optionally, the switching circuit further includes:
the first switch is arranged between the anode of the first diode and the output end of the flyback conversion circuit;
and the second switch is arranged between the anode of the second diode and the output end of the second power supply circuit.
Optionally, the vehicle power supply circuit further comprises:
the third switch is arranged between the fusing element and the input end of the second power supply circuit;
and the first switch driving circuit is connected with the first power supply end and is used for controlling the on-off of the third switch.
Optionally, the vehicle power supply circuit further comprises:
and the input end of the third power supply circuit is connected with a connecting line between the fusing element and the third switch, the output end of the third power supply circuit is respectively connected with the first power supply end and the third power supply end, the output power of the third power supply circuit is greater than that of the first power supply circuit, and the output power of the third power supply circuit is less than that of the second power supply circuit.
Optionally, the vehicle power supply circuit further comprises:
the fourth switch is arranged between the input end of the third power supply circuit and the connecting line;
and the second switch driving circuit is connected with the first power supply end and is used for controlling the on-off of the fourth switch.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a vehicle power supply apparatus including the vehicle power supply circuit as described above.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an automobile, which includes the above vehicle power supply device.
In the invention, the vehicle power supply circuit comprises a power battery, a first power supply circuit, a second power supply circuit and a fusing element; the input end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the output end of the power battery, and the output end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply end; the input end of the second power supply circuit is connected with the input end of the first power supply circuit, and the output end of the second power supply circuit is respectively connected with the first power supply end and the second power supply end; the fusing element is arranged between the input end of the first power supply circuit and the input end of the second power supply circuit. According to the invention, a plurality of power supply sources are obtained by converting the output power source of the power battery; the first power supply circuit is arranged on the inner side of the fusing element, so that after the fusing element is disconnected, the first power supply circuit can still output a low-voltage power supply, and the power supply of part of low-voltage electric devices of the vehicle is ensured, and the safety of the vehicle is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a vehicle power supply circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the vehicle power supply circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a switching circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of a switching circuit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a flyback converter circuit of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a vehicle power supply circuit according to a third embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) | |
| 100 | |
800 | Third |
|
| 200 | First |
900 | Second |
|
| 2001 | Flyback conversion circuit | D1～D3 | First to |
|
| 2002 | Switching circuit | K1～K4 | First to fourth switches | |
| 300 | A first power supply terminal | | Transformer device | |
| 400 | Second power supply circuit | Q | |
|
| 500 | Second power supply terminal | C | Capacitor with a |
|
| 600 | First switch drive circuit | R | Resistance (RC) | |
| 700 | Third power supply circuit | FU | Fusing element |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should be considered to be absent and not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a first embodiment of a vehicle power supply circuit according to the present invention. The invention proposes a first embodiment of a vehicle supply circuit.
In a first embodiment, a vehicle power supply circuit includes:
a power battery 100; the input end of the first power supply circuit 200 is connected with the output end of the power battery 100, and the output end of the first power supply circuit 200 is connected with the first power supply end 300; the input end of the second power supply circuit 400 is connected with the input end of the first power supply circuit 200, the output end of the second power supply circuit 400 is respectively connected with the first power supply end 300 and the second power supply end 500, and the output power of the second power supply circuit 400 is greater than that of the first power supply circuit 200; the fuse element FU is disposed between the input terminal of the first power supply circuit 200 and the input terminal of the second power supply circuit 400.
In general, an electric vehicle is provided with a low-voltage battery to supply power to each low-voltage electric device. However, the low-voltage battery has a limited capacity, and the capacity of the low-voltage battery is seriously attenuated particularly at low temperature, so that the low-voltage battery cannot support the long-time operation of a low-voltage apparatus. After the low-voltage storage battery is exhausted and cannot be replenished, the low-voltage electric device of the vehicle cannot be supplied with power, so that the vehicle cannot normally run. Safety issues may also arise if the vehicle is not allowed to be powered down. In the present embodiment, the vehicle power supply circuit eliminates the low-voltage battery, and each low-voltage device in the vehicle is supplied with power by the low-voltage power supply converted by the power battery 100.
It should be noted that the power battery 100 may be a main power supply of a vehicle, and is usually a high voltage dc power supply, and its power supply object may include an on-board air conditioner or a motor, and its voltage value may reach 300V or 400V. In a specific implementation, the power battery 100 may be composed of a plurality of power modules connected in series, and of course, other forms are also possible, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the first power supply terminal 300 and the second power supply terminal 500 are used for supplying power to different low-voltage electrical devices mounted on a vehicle, such as various controllers (power management controller, vehicle control unit, motor controller, etc.), meters, displays, communication modules, and the like. Therefore, the voltages output by the first power supply circuit 200 and the second power supply circuit 400 are both low voltages, such as 3V, 5V, or 12V.
In a specific implementation, each of the first power supply circuit 200 and the second power supply circuit 400 may include a voltage reduction circuit, and the voltage reduction circuits are connected in parallel to respectively perform voltage reduction processing on the output power of the power battery 100 to obtain a low-voltage power. The input terminals of the first power supply circuit 200 and the second power supply circuit 400 may be input sides of the voltage reduction circuits, and the output terminals of the first power supply circuit 200 and the second power supply circuit 400 may be output sides of the voltage reduction circuits. Two connecting ends of the input side of the voltage reduction circuit are connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power battery to form a high-voltage loop, and two connecting ends of the output side of the voltage reduction circuit are connected with the first power supply end 300 and/or the second power supply end 500 to form a low-voltage loop. The step-down circuit may be formed by a unidirectional step-down converter or a bidirectional step-up/step-down converter, which has a mature technology, and is not described herein again in this embodiment.
It can be understood that the low-voltage electric appliances in the vehicle are powered by multiple power supplies, so that the power failure of all the low-voltage electric appliances of the whole vehicle can be avoided when a certain power supply fails. Meanwhile, in order to meet the power consumption requirements of different low-voltage apparatuses, the output powers of the first power supply circuit 200 and the second power supply circuit 400 may be different, specifically, the output power of the second power supply circuit 400 is greater than the output power of the first power supply circuit 200, and the output power may be the maximum output power. Therefore, the high-power electric device and the low-power electric device are distinguished and are respectively connected with different power supply ends, so that the design power of the power supply circuit can be reduced, and the cost is reduced. For example, if the maximum peak power of each low-voltage apparatus is 3kw, the output power of the second power supply circuit 400 may be 3kw, and the output power of the first power supply circuit 200 may be 100 w.
In specific implementation, different power supply modes can be configured for the low-voltage apparatuses in order to ensure the stable operation of the low-voltage apparatuses in the vehicle. For example, the first power supply terminal 300 may be connected to critical electrical devices in the vehicle (e.g., a vehicle core controller, a power management module, etc.), and the second power supply terminal 500 may be connected to conventional electrical devices in the vehicle (e.g., a meter, a communication module, etc.). Therefore, the key electric devices in the vehicle can be powered by double power supplies, and the operation stability of the key electric devices is ensured. Of course, the power supply objects of the first power supply terminal 300 and the second power supply terminal 500 may be set according to the user requirement, which is not limited in this embodiment.
It should be noted that, a control unit may be disposed between each of the low-voltage devices and each of the first power supply terminal 300 and the second power supply terminal 500, so as to control the communication state between each of the low-voltage devices and the first power supply terminal 300 or the second power supply terminal 500, and thus control the power-on or power-off of each of the low-voltage devices; wherein the driving of each control unit may be controlled by a vehicle core controller.
As an example, each low-voltage electrical device on the vehicle may be powered by the following control strategy: when the vehicle is started, the key electric devices in the vehicle are supplied with power from the first power supply terminal 300 of the first power supply circuit 200, and the regular electric devices in the vehicle are supplied with power from the second power supply circuit 400 through the second power supply terminal 500. When the vehicle is started and enters a normal running state, the second power supply circuit 400 supplies power to all low-voltage electric devices of the vehicle through the first power supply terminal 300 and the second power supply terminal 500. If the second power supply circuit 400 is abnormal during driving, the first power supply circuit 200 supplies power to the key electric devices in the vehicle through the first power supply terminal 300, so that power failure of the key electric devices is avoided, and safety of the vehicle is guaranteed.
It should be noted that the first power supply circuit 200 may also increase the low voltage power to the second power supply terminal 500, so as to supply power to the conventional electric device. Because the output power of the first power supply circuit 200 is low, when a conventional electrical device is powered, some electrical devices may not work normally, and at this time, the high-power electrical device may be turned off to ensure that the output of the first power supply circuit 200 is stable.
It will be appreciated that, in order to protect the power battery 100, it is usual in vehicles to provide the power battery 100 with a corresponding fuse element FU to open when the output current of the power battery 100 is excessive. In a specific implementation, the fuse element FU may be a fuse or a fuse, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, since the low-voltage battery is removed, the fuse element FU is disposed between the input terminal of the first power supply circuit 200 and the input terminal of the second power supply circuit 400 in order to ensure stable power supply of the vehicle. After the fuse element FU is fused, although the second power supply circuit 400 cannot provide a low-voltage power supply, the first power supply circuit 200 is located inside the fuse element FU and still can receive the output power of the power battery 100, and the first power supply terminal 500 can still provide a low-voltage power supply for the connected low-voltage electric devices, so that power failure of corresponding electric devices is avoided, and safety of the vehicle is improved.
In the first embodiment, the vehicle power supply circuit includes the power battery 100, the first power supply circuit 200, the second power supply circuit 400, and the fuse element FU; the input end of the first power supply circuit 200 is connected with the output end of the power battery 100, and the output end of the first power supply circuit 200 is connected with the first power supply end 300; the input end of the second power supply circuit 400 is connected with the input end of the first power supply circuit 200, and the output end of the second power supply circuit 400 is respectively connected with the first power supply end 300 and the second power supply end 500; the fuse element FU is disposed between the input terminal of the first power supply circuit 200 and the input terminal of the second power supply circuit 400. In the present embodiment, a plurality of power supplies are obtained by converting the output power of the power battery 100; set up first supply circuit 200 in fuse element FU inboard for fuse element FU disconnection back, first supply circuit 200 still can export low pressure power supply, has guaranteed that the power supply of vehicle part low-voltage electrical device has improved the security of vehicle.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a vehicle power supply circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Based on the first embodiment described above, the present invention proposes a second embodiment of the vehicle power supply circuit.
In the second embodiment, the first power supply circuit 200 includes: the flyback converter circuit 2001, wherein the input end of the flyback converter circuit 2001 is connected with the output end of the power battery 100; a first end of the switching circuit 2002 is connected to an output end of the flyback converter circuit 2001, a second end of the switching circuit 2002 is connected to the first power supply end 300, and a third end of the switching circuit 2002 is connected to the second power supply end 500.
It should be noted that the flyback converter circuit 2001 may include a flyback transformer, and the output side thereof outputs power when the input side is disconnected from the power supply. In a specific implementation, two connections at the input side of the flyback transformer are connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the power battery 100 to form a high-voltage loop, and two connections at the output side of the flyback transformer are connected with the switching circuit 2002 to form a low-voltage loop. The output power of the flyback converter circuit 2001 is usually low, for example, about 100w, and the specific value of the output voltage can be set according to the requirement, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the switching circuit 2002 is configured to select each input voltage and output the selected input voltage. In this embodiment, the first power supply terminal 300 may receive an output power of the first power supply circuit 200 or the second power supply circuit 400. Therefore, the switching circuit 2002 can be used to switch the output power sources to facilitate the selection of the power source. The switching circuit 2002 may be connected to an input terminal of the second power supply terminal 500, so as to receive an output power of the second power supply circuit 400.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, the switching circuit 2002 may include: a first diode D1, an anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the flyback converter circuit 2001, and a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first power supply terminal 300; and a second diode D2, an anode of the second diode D2 being connected to the input terminal of the second power supply terminal 500, and a cathode of the second diode D2 being connected to the first power supply terminal 300.
It should be noted that the power source connected to the input terminal of the second power supply terminal 500 is the output power source of the second power supply circuit 400, and therefore the power source connected to the anode of the second diode D2 is also the output power source of the second power supply circuit 400. In this embodiment, the switching circuit 2002 may combine the output voltage of the flyback converter circuit 2001 and the output voltage of the second power supply circuit 400, and then transmit the combined output voltage to the first power supply terminal 300.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of the switching circuit of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a switch is added to fig. 3, and specifically, the switching circuit 2002 may further include: a first switch K1 disposed between the anode of the first diode D1 and the output terminal of the flyback converter circuit 2001; the second switch K2 is disposed between the anode of the second diode D2 and the output terminal of the second power supply circuit 400.
It should be noted that the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 may be controlled by a power management module, and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 may be relays or the like. In a specific implementation, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are controlled separately, thereby realizing simultaneous output or single output. When the first switch K1 is closed, the first power supply terminal 300 receives the low-voltage power supply output by the first power supply circuit 200; when the second switch K2 is closed, the first power supply terminal 300 receives the low-voltage power supply output by the second power supply circuit 400. Or the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are mutually exclusive switches, and only one switch of the two switches is in a closed state at the same time, so that the outputs are interlocked.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the power supply of the low-voltage apparatus as much as possible, the first power supply circuit 200 may also provide power to the second power supply terminal 500. In a specific implementation, a diode opposite to the second diode D2 may be further disposed between the input terminal of the first power supply terminal 300 and the second power supply terminal 500, an anode of the diode is connected to the first power supply terminal 300, and a cathode of the diode is connected to the second power supply terminal 500; meanwhile, a switch which is mutually exclusive with the second switch K2 is also arranged between the cathode of the diode and the second power supply end 500, and only one of the switch and the second switch K2 can be in a closed state at the same time.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a flyback converter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the flyback converter 2001 circuit includes: a primary coil of the transformer T is connected with the output end of the power battery 100; the power switch tube Q is arranged on a loop between the primary coil and the power battery 100 and used for controlling the on-off of the loop; and an output circuit, an input end of which is connected with the secondary coil of the transformer T, and an output end of which is connected with a first end of the switching circuit 2002.
It should be noted that the transformer T is a flyback transformer, and the power switch Q may be an MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, field effect) transistor. One side of a primary coil of the transformer T is connected with the positive electrode of the power battery 100, the other side of the primary coil of the transformer T is connected with the drain electrode of the power switch tube Q, the source electrode of the power switch tube Q is connected with the negative electrode of the power battery 100, and the grid electrode of the power switch tube Q is connected with the driving circuit. The driving circuit is configured to control on/off of the power switch Q, so as to adjust output of the transformer T, and the driving of the transformer T and the power switch Q has a mature technology, which is not described herein again in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the output circuit may include a third diode D3, a capacitor C and a resistor R, the capacitor C and the resistor R are connected in parallel to two sides of the secondary winding of the transformer T, the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to one side of the secondary winding of the transformer T, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the switching circuit 2002, and the third diode D3 may perform a rectifying function.
In the second embodiment, the first power supply circuit 200 includes a flyback conversion circuit 2001 and a switching circuit 2002; the input end of the flyback conversion circuit 2001 is connected with the output end of the power battery 100; a first end of the switching circuit 2002 is connected to an output end of the flyback converter circuit 2001, a second end of the switching circuit 2002 is connected to the first power supply terminal 300, and a third end of the switching circuit 2002 is connected to the second power supply terminal 500. In the present embodiment, each power supply is selected by setting the switching circuit 2002, so that the power supply policy under different policy conditions is adapted, and the power supply configuration is more flexible.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a vehicle power supply circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Based on the first and second embodiments described above, the present invention proposes a third embodiment of a vehicle power supply circuit.
In a third embodiment, the vehicle supply circuit further comprises:
a third switch K3, disposed between the fuse element FU and the input terminal of the second power supply circuit 400; and the first switch driving circuit 600, the first switch driving circuit 600 is connected with the first power supply terminal 300 and is used for controlling the on/off of the third switch K3.
It should be noted that, in order to control the power supply of the second power supply circuit 400, a third switch K3 is provided between the fuse element FU and the input terminal of the second power supply circuit 400. When the third switch is in a closed state, the second power supply circuit 400 can receive the power output by the power battery 100, and then perform voltage conversion to output a low-voltage power supply, and the second power supply terminal 500 can receive the low-voltage power supply. When the third switch K3 is in the off state, the second power supply circuit 400 has no power input and no low voltage power supply output.
In a specific implementation, the power supply terminal of the first switch driving circuit 600 is connected to the first power supply terminal 300, and the first power supply terminal 300 provides a working power supply for the first switch driving circuit 600. After receiving the working power, the first switch driving circuit 600 controls the third switch K3 to be turned on or off according to a preset control logic. The specific control logic may be set according to the user requirement, and this embodiment is not limited to this.
In the present embodiment, since the output of the power battery 100 is a high voltage power supply, the third switch K3 may include a positive relay and a negative relay for improving circuit safety. The contact switch of the positive relay is arranged between the positive pole of the power battery 100 and the second power supply circuit 400, the contact switch of the negative relay is arranged between the negative pole of the power battery 100 and the second power supply circuit 400, and the coils of the positive relay and the negative relay are arranged in the first switch driving circuit 600.
The first switch driving circuit 600 may include two relay coil driving circuits, which are controlled by a power management module (not shown) to control the on/off states of the positive and negative relays, respectively. The relay coil driving circuit is powered by the first power terminal 300, and the power management module can also be powered by the first power terminal 300.
In this embodiment, since the power supply requirements of the low-voltage devices in the vehicle are different, in order to meet the different power supply requirements, the power supply circuit for the vehicle may further include a third power supply circuit 700, an input terminal of the third power supply circuit 700 is connected to the connection line between the fuse element FU and the third switch K3, an output terminal of the third power supply circuit 700 is connected to the first power supply terminal 300 and the third power supply terminal 800, an output power of the third power supply circuit 700 is greater than an output power of the first power supply circuit 300, and an output power of the third power supply circuit 700 is less than an output power of the second power supply circuit 400.
It should be noted that, for the specific structure of the third power supply circuit 700, reference may be made to the specific structure of the second power supply circuit 400, and details of this embodiment are not described herein again. To facilitate controlling the voltage connected to the third power supply terminal 800, a switching circuit (not shown in the figure) may be further disposed between the third power supply circuit 700 and the third power supply terminal 800, and the specific structure of the switching circuit may refer to the foregoing embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Further, in order to facilitate control of the power supply to the third power supply circuit 700, the vehicle power supply circuit may further include: the fourth switch K4, the fourth switch K4 is disposed between the input end of the third power supply circuit 700 and the connection line; and the second switch driving circuit 900, the second switch driving circuit 900 is connected to the first power supply terminal 300, and is used for controlling the on/off of the fourth switch K4.
In a specific implementation, the fourth switch K4 may also include a positive relay and a negative relay. The contact switch of the positive relay is disposed on the input side of the third power supply circuit 700, the contact switch of the negative relay is disposed on the output side of the third power supply circuit 700, and the coils of the positive relay and the negative relay are disposed on the second switch driving circuit 900. Accordingly, the second switch driving circuit 900 may include two relay coil driving circuits, and the relay coil driving circuits are controlled by a power management module (not shown in the figure), and the relay coil driving circuits are powered by the first power supply terminal 300, and the power management module may also be powered by the first power supply terminal 300.
In the present embodiment, the vehicle power supply circuit may provide three types of power supplies, and may supply power according to the classification of each low-voltage device. For example, the first power supply terminal 300 supplies power to a vehicle core controller and a key controller, the third power supply terminal 800 supplies power to vehicle safety-related electric devices and controllers, and the second power supply terminal 500 supplies power to conventional electric devices. As an example, the control strategy for vehicle powering may be: when the vehicle is started, the first power supply circuit 200 supplies power to the vehicle core controller and the key controller through the first power supply terminal 300, that is, V2 is V3; after starting, the third switch K3 is closed, and the second power supply circuit 200 supplies power to all low-voltage electric devices of the vehicle through the first power supply terminal 300, the second power supply terminal 500 and the third power supply terminal 800, that is, V2 is equal to V1. After the second power supply circuit 400 is abnormal or the third switch K3 is turned off, the third power supply circuit 700 can supply power to the corresponding electric device through the first power supply terminal 300 and the third power supply terminal 800, that is, V2 is V4. If the third power supply circuit 700 or the fourth switch K4 is also abnormal, the flyback converter circuit 2001 supplies power to the vehicle core controller and the key controller through the first power supply terminal 300, so as to avoid the power failure of the key low-voltage devices of the vehicle.
In the third embodiment, the vehicle power supply circuit further includes a third switch K3, the third switch K3 being provided between the input terminals of the first power supply circuit 200 and the input terminals of the second power supply circuit 400; the switch driving circuit 700, the switch driving circuit 700 is connected to the first power supply terminal 300, and is used for controlling the on/off of the third switch K3; a third power supply circuit 700, an input terminal of the third power supply circuit 700 being connected to a connection line between the fuse element FU and the third switch K3, an output terminal of the third power supply circuit 700 being connected to the first power supply terminal 300 and the third power supply terminal 800, respectively; the fourth switch K4, the fourth switch K4 is disposed between the input end of the third power supply circuit 700 and the connection line; and the second switch driving circuit 900, the second switch driving circuit 900 is connected to the first power supply terminal 300, and is used for controlling the on/off of the fourth switch K4. In the embodiment, the power supply is additionally arranged and the corresponding switch is configured, so that the power supply of the vehicle is conveniently controlled, and the flexibility of the configuration of the power supply strategy of the vehicle is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a vehicle power supply apparatus including the vehicle power supply circuit as described above. The specific structure of the vehicle power supply circuit refers to the above embodiments, and since the vehicle power supply device can adopt the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, the vehicle power supply circuit at least has the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an automobile, which includes the above vehicle power supply device. The specific structure of the vehicle power supply device refers to the above embodiments, and since the vehicle can adopt the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, the vehicle power supply device at least has the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vehicle power supply circuit, characterized in that the vehicle power supply circuit comprises:
a power battery;
the input end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the output end of the power battery, and the output end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the first power supply end;
the input end of the second power supply circuit is connected with the input end of the first power supply circuit, the output end of the second power supply circuit is respectively connected with the first power supply end and the second power supply end, and the output power of the second power supply circuit is greater than that of the first power supply circuit;
and the fusing element is arranged between the input end of the first power supply circuit and the input end of the second power supply circuit.
2. The vehicle supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first supply circuit includes:
the input end of the flyback conversion circuit is connected with the output end of the power battery;
and the first end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end of the flyback conversion circuit, the second end of the switching circuit is connected with the first power supply end, and the third end of the switching circuit is connected with the second power supply end.
3. The vehicle supply circuit of claim 2 wherein said flyback converter circuit comprises:
the primary coil of the transformer is connected with the output end of the power battery;
the power switch tube is arranged on a loop between the primary coil and the power battery and used for controlling the on-off of the loop;
and the input end of the output circuit is connected with the secondary coil of the transformer, and the output end of the output circuit is connected with the first end of the switching circuit.
4. The vehicle supply circuit of claim 2 wherein said switching circuit comprises:
the anode of the first diode is connected with the output end of the flyback conversion circuit, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first power supply end;
and the anode of the second diode is connected with the output end of the second power supply circuit, and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the first power supply end.
5. The vehicle supply circuit of claim 4 wherein said switching circuit further comprises:
the first switch is arranged between the anode of the first diode and the output end of the flyback conversion circuit;
and the second switch is arranged between the anode of the second diode and the output end of the second power supply circuit.
6. The vehicle electrical supply circuit of any one of claims 1-5, further comprising:
a third switch disposed between the fuse element and an input of the second power supply circuit;
and the first switch driving circuit is connected with the first power supply end and is used for controlling the on-off of the third switch.
7. The vehicle supply circuit of claim 6, wherein the vehicle supply circuit further comprises:
and the input end of the third power supply circuit is connected with a connecting line between the fusing element and the third switch, the output end of the third power supply circuit is respectively connected with the first power supply end and the third power supply end, the output power of the third power supply circuit is greater than that of the first power supply circuit, and the output power of the third power supply circuit is less than that of the second power supply circuit.
8. The vehicle supply circuit of claim 7, further comprising:
the fourth switch is arranged between the input end of the third power supply circuit and the connecting line;
and the second switch driving circuit is connected with the first power supply end and is used for controlling the on-off of the fourth switch.
9. A vehicle power supply apparatus characterized by comprising the vehicle power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An automobile characterized by comprising the vehicular electric power supply apparatus according to claim 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111179775.6A CN113904409A (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Vehicle power supply circuit, equipment and car |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111179775.6A CN113904409A (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Vehicle power supply circuit, equipment and car |
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| CN113904409A true CN113904409A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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| CN202111179775.6A Pending CN113904409A (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Vehicle power supply circuit, equipment and car |
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