CN109624714B - Power supply system of electric automobile - Google Patents
Power supply system of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109624714B CN109624714B CN201811634297.1A CN201811634297A CN109624714B CN 109624714 B CN109624714 B CN 109624714B CN 201811634297 A CN201811634297 A CN 201811634297A CN 109624714 B CN109624714 B CN 109624714B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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Abstract
The invention provides a power supply system of an electric automobile, which comprises a plurality of battery boxes and a BMS main control module, wherein the power supply system comprises a power supply unit, one of the battery boxes is used as a preset battery box, m battery modules in n battery modules in the preset battery box are continuously connected in series to form the power supply unit, the anode of the power supply unit is connected with the first anode of the BMS main control module, the cathode of the power supply unit is connected with the first cathode of the BMS main control module, a control switch is arranged between the power supply unit and the BMS main control module, when the control switch is closed, a current loop is formed between the power supply unit and the BMS main control module, the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the BMS main control module when the electric automobile is started, the power supply system of the electric automobile uses the power supply unit to replace a lead-acid storage battery, the environmental pollution is reduced, the cost is reduced, the long-time parking of the electric automobile is effectively prevented, the problem that the electric automobile cannot be started due to the feed of the lead-acid storage battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, in particular to a power supply system of an electric vehicle.
Background
Until now, basically, every new energy pure electric vehicle is provided with a 12V or 24V lead-acid storage battery which is also installed on a traditional fuel vehicle and is used for supplying power to partial low-voltage electric appliances on the electric vehicle. Although the lead-acid storage battery has low cost and simple maintenance, lead belongs to heavy metal, and causes environmental pollution in the production, use and later treatment processes, which is contrary to the original intention of developing new energy industry.
The service life of the conventional lead-acid storage battery is short, the full life cycle of the pure electric vehicle cannot be matched, the lead-acid storage battery needs to be replaced for many times in the life cycle of the pure electric vehicle, and the later maintenance cost of a user is increased. In addition, since the self-discharge of the lead-acid storage battery is larger than that of the lithium ion battery, the feeding condition is easy to occur after the electric automobile is parked for a long time, and the whole electric automobile can not be started. In addition, the lead-acid battery has a low energy density and a large volume, and therefore, the lead-acid battery needs to occupy a certain vehicle body space, so that the space of an electric vehicle, which is originally not wide, is more narrow.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system for an electric vehicle, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that a lead-acid battery is used to supply power to a low-voltage electrical appliance, occupies a large space in the vehicle, and is high in maintenance cost in a later period and prone to causing a power feeding condition, which makes the electric vehicle unusable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power supply system of an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprising a plurality of battery boxes, each of the battery boxes containing n battery modules, the n battery modules being connected in series, the electric vehicle further comprising a BMS main control module, the power supply system comprising a power supply unit,
one of the battery boxes is used as a preset battery box, m battery modules in the n battery modules in the preset battery box, which are connected in series continuously, form the power supply unit, wherein n and m are natural numbers, and n is larger than or equal to m;
the positive pole of power supply unit with BMS host system's first positive pole links to each other, power supply unit's negative pole with BMS host system's first negative pole links to each other power supply unit with be provided with control switch between the BMS host system, when control switch closed, power supply unit with form the current loop between the BMS host system, power supply unit is used for replacing lead acid battery and is in when electric automobile starts, give BMS host system supplies power.
Preferably, the predetermined battery box is a battery box among the plurality of battery boxes that is closest to the BMS main control module; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the control switch is arranged in a driving area of the electric automobile.
Preferably, the operating voltage of the BMS master control module is a first predetermined value x, the voltage value of the battery module is a second predetermined value y, and the value of m is:
m＝1+INT[x/y]。
preferably, the control switch is disposed between the first positive electrode of the BMS main control module and the positive electrode of the power supply unit, and a cutoff device for preventing current from flowing back to the battery module in the power supply unit is disposed in series between the control switch and the first positive electrode of the BMS main control module.
Preferably, the blocking means includes a diode, and a turn-on direction of the diode is directed to the BMS control module by the power supply unit.
Preferably, the electric vehicle comprises a DC-DC module and a battery system, the DC-DC module is connected in series between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery system, a first relay is arranged between the DC-DC module and the positive electrode of the battery system, a main relay of the battery system is arranged between the positive electrode of the battery system and a high-voltage electrical appliance of the electric vehicle, and the first relay is connected in parallel with the main relay of the battery system;
and the electromagnetic coil of the first relay is connected with the BMS main control module, and the BMS main control module controls the on-off of the first relay.
Preferably, a plurality of the battery boxes are connected in series to form the battery system.
Preferably, the electric vehicle includes a low-voltage power supply line connected to the first output terminal of the DC-DC module, an electromagnetic coil of the main relay of the battery system is connected in series between an anode of the main relay of the battery system of the BMS main control module and a cathode of the low-voltage power supply line, and the BMS main control module is configured to control voltage output of the anode of the main relay of the battery system to control on/off of the main relay of the battery system, so as to control on/off of power supply of a high-voltage electrical appliance of the electric vehicle.
Preferably, the second output terminal of the DC-DC module is connected to the BMS main control module such that when the control switch is turned off, the first relay is turned on, the DC-DC module forms a current loop with the battery system, the DC-DC module converts the high-voltage direct current output from the battery system into low-voltage direct current and supplies the low-voltage direct current to the BMS main control module, so that the DC-DC module supplies power to the BMS main control module instead of the power supply unit.
Preferably, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply line are respectively connected with the first output end of the DC-DC module, the electric vehicle includes a low-voltage element, the low-voltage element is connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply line, and when the electric vehicle is started, the low-voltage power supply line obtains power from the DC-DC module and supplies power to the low-voltage element.
The electric automobile power supply system in this application uses the power supply unit to replace lead acid battery, has reduced environmental pollution, has reduced pure electric vehicles's production and maintenance cost, effectively prevents because of electric automobile parks the back for a long time, leads to the unable problem that starts of electric automobile because of the lead acid battery feed.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection structure of an electric vehicle power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a battery system; 11. a battery box; 111. a battery module; 112. a predetermined battery box; 113. a power supply unit;
2. a BMS main control module; 21. a first positive electrode; 22. a first negative electrode;
3. a control switch;
4. a DC-DC module; 41. a first output terminal; 42. a second output terminal;
5. a first relay;
6. a battery system main relay;
7. low voltage power supply line.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below based on embodiments, and it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, what is meant is "including, but not limited to".
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides an electric vehicle power supply system, an electric vehicle includes a plurality of battery boxes 11, a plurality of battery boxes 11 are connected in series to form a battery system 1 of the electric vehicle, and the battery system 1 is used for supplying power to high-voltage electric appliances such as a motor, an air conditioner, a power steering pump, and an air pump of the electric vehicle, so as to ensure that the electric vehicle can normally run. The battery system 1 is in a disconnected state when the electric vehicle is not started, and cannot supply power to the high-voltage electric appliances, and only when the electric vehicle is started, a current loop can be formed to supply power to the high-voltage electric appliances and the like. Each battery box 11 contains n battery modules 111, the n battery modules 111 are connected in series, each battery module 111 in each battery box 11 can output a certain voltage, and in general, each battery module 111 is composed of lithium titanate or lithium iron phosphate or lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery cells, so that each battery module 111 can output a voltage of about 2.3V or 3.2V or 3.6V.
The electric vehicle further includes a BMS main control module 2 and a power supply unit 113, and the BMS main control module 2 is used for controlling the operation condition and the like of the electric vehicle. One of the plurality of battery boxes 11 serves as a predetermined battery box 11211, and m battery modules 111, which are serially connected, of n battery modules 111 in the predetermined battery box 11211, constitute the power supply unit 113, where n and m are natural numbers and n is greater than or equal to m. Preferably, the predetermined battery box 11211 is the battery box 11 closest to the BMS control module 2 among the plurality of battery boxes 11 for convenience of wiring. Control switch 3 sets up in electric automobile's driving area, and convenience of customers operates control switch 3 after entering into vehicle driving area, and preferably, control switch 3 is the rocker switch, and the driver supplies power for BMS main control module 2 through operation rocker switch control power supply unit 113, and then starts electric automobile. The positive pole of power supply unit 113 links to each other with BMS host system 2's first positive pole 21, and power supply unit 113's negative pole links to each other with BMS host system 2's first negative pole 22, is provided with control switch 3 between power supply unit 113 and BMS host system 2, and when control switch 3 was closed, formed current loop between power supply unit 113 and the BMS host system 2, and power supply unit 113 is used for replacing lead acid battery when electric automobile starts, supplies power for BMS host system 2. Since the power supply unit 113 replaces a lead-acid battery, the lead-acid battery is not required to be provided in the electric vehicle. The lead-acid storage battery is not only reduced to occupy the space of the electric automobile, but also protects the environment, effectively solves the production and maintenance cost of the pure electric automobile, and effectively prevents the problem that the electric automobile cannot be started due to the feed of the lead-acid storage battery after the electric automobile is parked for a long time.
The operating voltage of the BMS main control module 2 is a first predetermined value x, the voltage value of the battery module 111 is a second predetermined value y, and the value of the number m of the battery module 111 is as follows:
m＝1+INT[x/y]。
wherein INT is rounded down.
For example, if the operating voltage of the BMS host control module 2 is 12V, the battery modules 111 are lithium titanate cells, and the voltage value is 2.3V, which is a second predetermined value, the number m of the battery modules 111 is 1+ INT [12/2.3] ═ 6, and then 6 sets of the battery modules 111 are connected in series to form the power supply unit 113 and supply power to the BMS host control module 2.
If the operating voltage of the BMS host module 2 is the first predetermined value 24V, the battery modules 111 are lithium titanate cells, and the voltage value is the second predetermined value 2.3V, the number m of the battery modules 111 is 1+ INT [24/2.3] ═ 11, and then 11 sets of the battery modules 111 are connected in series to form the power supply unit 113 and supply power to the BMS host module 2.
Further, a cut-off device is disposed in series between the control switch 3 and the first positive electrode 21 of the BMS main control module 2, and is used for preventing current from flowing back to the battery modules 111 in the power supply unit 113, which causes the voltage of the m battery modules 111 in the power supply unit 113 to be inconsistent with the voltage of the other battery modules 111 in the battery box 11, and affects the overall quality and service life of the battery box 11.
The electric automobile also comprises a DC-DC module 4 and a battery system 1, wherein the DC-DC module 4 is connected between the anode and the cathode of the battery system 1 in series and used for providing low-voltage power supply for low-voltage electric appliances on the pure electric automobile such as an inside and outside light, a remote monitoring module, a circuit board, a low-voltage part of a motor controller and the like, and a first relay 5 is arranged between the DC-DC module 4 and the anode of the battery system 1. The solenoid of first relay 5 links to each other with BMS host system module 2, and BMS host system module 2 controls the break-make of first relay 5.
The electric automobile further comprises a low-voltage power supply line 7 connected with a first output end 41 of the DC-DC module 4, a battery main relay 6 is arranged between the positive electrode of the battery system and a high-voltage electric appliance of the electric automobile, an electromagnetic coil of the battery system main relay 6 is connected in series between the positive electrode of the battery system main relay of the BMS main control module 2 and the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply line 7, and the first relay 5 is connected in parallel with the battery system main relay 6. The BMS main control module 2 is used for controlling the voltage output of the anode of the battery system main relay 6 so as to control the on-off of the battery system main relay 6 and further control the on-off of the power supply of the high-voltage electric appliance of the electric automobile. When needed, the BMS main control module controls the positive pole of the battery system main relay 6 to output 24V + voltage, controls the battery system main relay 6 to be closed, and supplies power to high-voltage electric appliances of the electric automobile; when the electric automobile is not needed, the BMS main control module 2 controls the positive pole of the battery system main relay 6 to stop outputting 24V + voltage, controls the disconnection of the battery system main relay, and stops supplying power to the high-voltage electric appliance of the electric automobile.
The second output terminal 42 of the DC-DC module 4 is connected to the BMS main control module 2 such that when the control switch 3 is turned on, the BMS main control module 2 controls the first relay 5 to be turned on, the DC-DC module 4 forms a current loop with the battery system 1, the DC-DC module 4 converts the high-voltage direct current output from the battery system 1 into a low-voltage direct current and supplies the low-voltage direct current to the BMS main control module 2, so that the DC-DC module 4 replaces the power supply unit 113 to supply power to the BMS main control module 2.
The positive pole and the negative pole of the low-voltage power supply circuit 7 are respectively connected with the first output end 41 of the DC-DC module 4, the electric automobile comprises a low-voltage element, the low-voltage element is connected in series between the positive pole and the negative pole of the low-voltage power supply circuit 7, and when the electric automobile starts, the low-voltage power supply circuit 7 obtains electricity from the DC-DC module 4 and supplies power for the low-voltage element.
In order to better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes the starting process of the electric vehicle power supply system of the present invention by referring to a specific embodiment:
when the vehicle is started, a driver closes the rocker switch to enable the power supply unit 113 to provide power for the BMS main control module 2, the BMS main control module 2 is subjected to self-checking after being powered on, and after no abnormity is confirmed, the first relay 5 is controlled, the DC-DC module 4 and the battery system 1 form a current loop, and the DC-DC module 4 starts to work to supply power for all low-voltage components on the whole vehicle;
the method comprises the steps that a driver screws a vehicle key to an ACC gear from an OFF gear, all low-voltage components controlled by the ACC ON the whole vehicle start to work under the power supply of a DC-DC module 4, when the driver screws the vehicle key to an ON gear from the ACC gear, a motor controller performs self-checking, if the vehicle key is successful, a battery system main relay closing request is sent to a BMS main control module 2, the BMS performs self-checking, if the vehicle key is successful, a power battery system 1 main relay is closed, the vehicle enters a normal working state, and therefore the vehicle can be started and run normally under the condition that a 12V or 24V lead-acid storage battery is not installed and the lead-acid storage battery is used for supplying power.
The electric automobile power supply system in this application uses the power supply unit to replace lead acid battery, has reduced environmental pollution, has reduced pure electric vehicles's production and maintenance cost, effectively prevents because of electric automobile parks the back for a long time, leads to the unable problem that starts of electric automobile because of the lead acid battery feed.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the above-described preferred embodiments may be freely combined, superimposed, without conflict.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile power supply system, electric automobile includes a plurality of battery boxes, every all contain n battery module in the battery box, n battery module series connection, electric automobile still includes BMS main control module, its characterized in that: the power supply system comprises a power supply unit,
one of the battery boxes is used as a preset battery box, m battery modules in the n battery modules in the preset battery box, which are connected in series continuously, form the power supply unit, wherein n and m are natural numbers, and n is larger than or equal to m;
the positive electrode of the power supply unit is connected with the first positive electrode of the BMS main control module, the negative electrode of the power supply unit is connected with the first negative electrode of the BMS main control module, a control switch is arranged between the power supply unit and the BMS main control module, when the control switch is closed, a current loop is formed between the power supply unit and the BMS main control module, and the power supply unit is used for replacing a lead-acid storage battery to supply power to the BMS main control module when the electric automobile is started;
the control switch is arranged between the first positive electrode of the BMS main control module and the positive electrode of the power supply unit, and a cut-off device is arranged between the control switch and the first positive electrode of the BMS main control module in series and is used for preventing current from flowing back to the battery module in the power supply unit;
the cut-off device comprises a diode, and the conducting direction of the diode is pointed to the BMS main control module by the power supply unit;
the electric automobile comprises a DC-DC module and a battery system, wherein the DC-DC module is connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery system in series, and a first relay is arranged between the DC-DC module and the positive pole of the battery system;
the electromagnetic coil of the first relay is connected with the BMS main control module, and the BMS main control module controls the on-off of the first relay;
the second output end of the DC-DC module is connected to the BMS host control module, so that when the control switch is turned off, the first relay is turned on, the DC-DC module and the battery system form a current loop, the DC-DC module converts the high-voltage direct current output from the battery system into a low-voltage direct current, and supplies the low-voltage direct current to the BMS host control module, so that the DC-DC module replaces the power supply unit to supply power to the BMS host control module.
2. The electric vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the predetermined battery box is a battery box closest to the BMS main control module among the plurality of battery boxes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the control switch is arranged in a driving area of the electric automobile.
3. The electric vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the operating voltage of BMS main control module is first predetermined value x, the voltage value of battery module is second predetermined value y, and the value of m is:
m＝1+INT[x/y]。
4. the power supply system for the electric automobile according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a battery system main relay is arranged between the positive electrode of the battery system and a high-voltage electrical appliance of the electric automobile, and the first relay is connected with the battery system main relay in parallel.
5. The electric vehicle power supply system according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the battery boxes are connected in series to form the battery system.
6. The power supply system of claim 5, wherein the electric vehicle comprises a low-voltage power supply line connected to the first output terminal of the DC-DC module, the electromagnetic coil of the main relay of the battery system is connected in series between the positive electrode of the main relay of the battery system of the BMS main control module and the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply line, and the BMS main control module is configured to control the voltage output of the positive electrode of the main relay of the battery system to control the on/off of the main relay of the battery system, so as to control the on/off of the power supply of the high-voltage electrical appliance of the electric vehicle.
7. The power supply system of claim 6, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the low voltage power supply line are respectively connected to the first output terminal of the DC-DC module, the electric vehicle comprises a low voltage element, the low voltage element is connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the low voltage power supply line, and when the electric vehicle is started, the low voltage power supply line obtains power from the DC-DC module and supplies power to the low voltage element.
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| CN201811634297.1A CN109624714B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Power supply system of electric automobile |
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| CN201811634297.1A CN109624714B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Power supply system of electric automobile |
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| CN109624714B true CN109624714B (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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| WO2022077289A1 (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Low-voltage redundant power supply system |
| CN113954687A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-21 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | General control device, electric vehicle and vehicle platform |
| CN114194319B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-03-31 | 广东高标电子科技有限公司 | Electric vehicle starting device and electric vehicle |
| CN114454834A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-10 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Electric automobile power distribution system and electric automobile |
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