CN114454834A - Electric automobile power distribution system and electric automobile - Google Patents
Electric automobile power distribution system and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN114454834A CN114454834A CN202210037438.1A CN202210037438A CN114454834A CN 114454834 A CN114454834 A CN 114454834A CN 202210037438 A CN202210037438 A CN 202210037438A CN 114454834 A CN114454834 A CN 114454834A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
Abstract
The invention provides an electric automobile power distribution system and an electric automobile, wherein the electric automobile power distribution system comprises a battery pack module and a low-voltage component module, the battery pack module comprises a first power supply module and a second power supply module which are respectively composed of a plurality of battery cells, the low-voltage component module comprises a VCU (vertical control unit) vehicle control unit connected with the first power supply module, and the second power supply module is connected with a DC/DC (direct current/direct current) control module. According to the electric vehicle power distribution system, part of the electric cores in the battery pack module form the first power supply module to replace a low-voltage storage battery in the prior art, namely the low-voltage storage battery is integrated into the original high-voltage battery pack, so that the low-voltage storage battery is not required to be replaced in the whole life cycle while the manufacturing and assembling complexity and the production cost are reduced, and the light weight of the whole vehicle is facilitated; meanwhile, under special conditions, the low-voltage storage battery can be connected in series to a high-voltage battery of the whole vehicle to participate in power input.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to an electric automobile power distribution system and an electric automobile.
Background
The energy source of the electric automobile generally comprises a high-capacity high-voltage battery pack for supplying power to the whole automobile and an independently arranged 12V low-voltage storage battery for providing a daily used power supply for the whole automobile. When the whole vehicle is started, the 12V low-voltage storage battery is used as an energy source to supply power to the VCU whole vehicle controller so as to awaken the whole vehicle and continuously provide low-voltage energy for the whole vehicle.
In the prior art, if the vehicle is not used for a long time, the electric quantity of the 12V low-voltage storage battery can be gradually reduced, and even if the electric quantity of the high-voltage battery pack is sufficient, the whole vehicle cannot be started when the electric quantity of the 12V low-voltage storage battery is insufficient or sufficient starting voltage cannot be provided due to faults.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a power distribution system of an electric automobile, and aims to solve the technical problem that the whole automobile cannot be started when a 12V low-voltage storage battery is insufficient in electric quantity or cannot provide enough starting voltage in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an electric automobile power distribution system, including battery package module and through DC/DC control module with the low pressure components and parts module that battery package module is connected, battery package module includes first power module and the second power module of constituteing by a plurality of electricity core respectively, low pressure components and parts module includes VCU vehicle control unit, first power module is connected VCU vehicle control unit, second power module connects DC/DC control module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through forming first power module with the partial electric core in the battery package module, this first power module connects low pressure components and parts module and VCU vehicle control unit, compares with prior art, replaces the low pressure battery among the prior art through setting up first power module, in other words with low pressure battery integration to original high-voltage battery package, when reducing manufacturing assembly complexity and manufacturing cost, accomplish the full life cycle and need not change the low pressure battery, and be favorable to whole car lightweight.
According to one aspect of the above technical solution, an on-off control module is disposed between the first power supply module and the second power supply module.
According to an aspect of the foregoing technical solution, the on-off control module includes a relay disposed between the first power supply module and the second power supply module.
According to one aspect of the above technical solution, the on-off control module further includes an electric quantity detection component connected to the first power supply module and the second power supply module.
According to an aspect of the foregoing technical solution, the first power supply module includes a cell module formed by three cells connected in series, and a power supply voltage of the cell module is 12V.
According to an aspect of the above technical solution, the battery pack module further includes a BMS battery management module connected to the second power supply module.
According to an aspect of the above technical solution, the BMS battery management module is connected to the on-off control module.
According to one aspect of the above technical scheme, the electric vehicle power distribution system further comprises a communication module, wherein the communication module comprises a CAN bus connected with the battery pack module, the DC/DC control module and the low-voltage component module.
According to one aspect of the above technical solution, the electric vehicle power distribution system further includes a voltage protection module, and the voltage protection module includes a voltage stabilization module disposed on one side of the DC/DC control module.
The invention further provides an electric automobile which comprises the electric automobile power distribution system in the technical scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electric vehicle power distribution system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electric vehicle power distribution system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
description of the main element symbols:
the following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, a power distribution system of an electric vehicle in a first embodiment of the present invention is shown, including a battery pack module 200 and a low-voltage component module 400 connected to the battery pack module 200 through a DC/DC control module 300, where the battery pack module 200 includes a first power supply module 210 and a second power supply module 220 respectively composed of a plurality of battery cells, the low-voltage component module 400 includes a VCU vehicle controller 410, the first power supply module 210 is connected to the VCU vehicle controller 410, and the second power supply module 220 is connected to the DC/DC control module 300.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the electric vehicle power distribution system further includes a communication module, and the communication module includes a CAN bus 100 connected to the battery pack module 200, the DC/DC control module 300, and the low-voltage component module 400.
Further, in this embodiment, the first power supply module 210 includes a cell module formed by three cells connected in series, the supply voltage of the cell module is 12V to replace a 12V low-voltage battery in the prior art, and the second power supply module 220 is all other cells except the cell module in the battery pack module 200 to form a high-voltage battery pack with a large capacity.
In some application scenarios of this embodiment, the first power supply module 210 is configured to provide low-voltage current to the VCU vehicle controller 410 and low-voltage components on the vehicle, and the second power supply module 220 is configured to supply power to the vehicle in high-voltage operation, where when the vehicle is in a high-voltage operation state, the high-voltage current in the second power supply module 220 is converted into 12V low-voltage current through the DC/DC control module 300 and is output to the vehicle, so as to maintain low-voltage balance of the vehicle.
Specifically, in the electric vehicle power distribution system in this embodiment, a part of the electric cells in the battery pack module 200 constitutes the first power supply module 210, and the first power supply module 210 is connected to the low-voltage component module 400 and the VCU vehicle controller 410, and compared with the prior art, the low-voltage storage battery in the prior art is replaced by the first power supply module 210, which is equivalent to integrating the low-voltage storage battery into the original high-voltage battery pack, so that the manufacturing and assembling complexity and the production cost are reduced, and the lightweight design of the vehicle is facilitated.
In addition, the on-off control module 240 further includes an electric quantity detection component 241 connected to the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220.
In some application scenarios of this embodiment, after the vehicle is powered on with high voltage, if the electric quantity of the first power supply module 210 acquired by the electric quantity detection component 241 is smaller than the first preset value, the DC/DC control module 300 converts the high-voltage current of the second power supply module 220 into a low-voltage current to charge the first power supply module 210, and the charging is disconnected until the current of the first power supply module 210 is greater than the second preset value. For example, but not limited to, in the present embodiment, the first preset value and the second preset value are 20% and 80%, respectively, and in other embodiments of the present invention, specific values of the first preset value and the second preset value may be specifically set according to circumstances.
In this embodiment, an on-off control module 240 is disposed between the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220. Specifically, the on-off control module 240 includes a relay 242 disposed between the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220, and the relay 242 is used for separating the battery pack module 200 to form the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220, and for turning on and off the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220.
In addition, the battery pack module 200 further includes a BMS battery management module 230 connected to the second power supply module 220. Specifically, the BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) BATTERY management module is used for intelligently managing and maintaining each cell unit, preventing overcharge and overdischarge of the BATTERY, extending the service life of the BATTERY, and monitoring the state of the BATTERY.
In some application scenarios of this embodiment, when the electric quantity of the second power supply module 220 is low, the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220 may be connected by the relay 242 to form an integrated high-voltage battery pack, so as to provide additional electric quantity for the entire vehicle, so that the vehicle can additionally run for 3km to 4km, and a driver can further search for a charging pile to charge.
The switching between the independent state and the combined state between the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220 may be achieved by providing a standby power supply module connected to the vehicle controller, and specifically, manually triggering the standby power supply module by a driver to enable the vehicle to enter or exit the low power consumption protection mode, and specifically, enabling the relay 242 to control the connection or disconnection of the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220 through the CAN bus 100 via the standby power supply module.
Further, in the present embodiment, the BMS battery management module 230 is connected to the on-off control module 240. Specifically, the BMS battery management module 230 in this embodiment includes two sets of built-in management programs, one of which is used for monitoring and managing the second power supply module 220 under normal conditions, and the other is used for performing comprehensive monitoring and management on the enlarged second power supply module 220 when the on-off control module 240 connects the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220, that is, the enlarged second power supply module 220 is enlarged, and at this time, the VCU vehicle controller 410 and the BCM vehicle body control module are triggered to a protection mode, so as to avoid 12V low voltage overload caused by unstable output of the DC/DC control module 300.
In summary, in the power distribution system of the electric vehicle in the above embodiment of the invention, a part of the battery cells in the battery pack module 200 is formed into the first power supply module 210, and the first power supply module 210 is connected to the low-voltage device module 400 and the VCU vehicle controller 410, compared with the prior art, by providing the first power supply module 210 instead of the low-voltage battery in the prior art, it is equivalent to integrate the low-voltage battery into the original high-voltage battery pack, thereby reducing the production cost, and simultaneously, facilitating the light-weight design of the vehicle, by providing the relay 242 to separate the battery pack module 200 to form the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220, implementing the on-off of the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220, monitoring the battery capacity through the BMS battery management module 230, starting the second power supply module 220 to charge the first power supply module 210 in time, reducing the risk of power loss, and simultaneously connecting the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220 through the relay 242, form holistic high-voltage battery package, for the whole car provides extra supplementary electric quantity, the driver of being convenient for further seeks to fill electric pile and charges.
Referring to fig. 2, an electric vehicle power distribution system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the electric vehicle power distribution system in this embodiment is different from the electric vehicle power distribution system in the first embodiment in that:
in this embodiment, the electric vehicle power distribution system further includes a voltage protection module 500. Specifically, the voltage protection module 500 includes a voltage stabilization module 510 disposed at one side of the DC/DC control module 300. Through the voltage stabilizing module 510, the fluctuation of the input current of the DC/DC control module 300 is adjusted to be larger than 12V, and the power interruption of the whole vehicle caused by low-voltage power failure due to instantaneous overlarge low-voltage power consumption is avoided.
A third embodiment of the invention provides an electric vehicle, which comprises the electric vehicle power distribution system in the above embodiments. Specifically, in the electric vehicle in this embodiment, a part of the electric cells in the battery pack module 200 form the first power supply module 210, and the first power supply module 210 is connected to the low-voltage component module 400 and the VCU vehicle controller 410, and compared with the prior art, the low-voltage storage battery in the prior art is replaced by the first power supply module 210, which is equivalent to integrating the low-voltage storage battery into the original high-voltage battery pack, so that the manufacturing and assembling complexity and the production cost are reduced, and the low-voltage storage battery is not required to be replaced in the whole life cycle, and the light weight of the whole vehicle is facilitated; meanwhile, under special conditions, the low-voltage storage battery can be connected in series to a high-voltage battery of the whole vehicle to participate in power input.
In addition, in the prior art, a low-voltage storage battery is omitted in part of electric vehicles, and high-voltage current in a high-voltage battery pack is directly converted into low-voltage current through a DC/DC control module so as to meet the use requirements of low-voltage components and a VCU (vehicle control unit). In the electric vehicle power distribution system in this embodiment, the battery pack is divided into the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220, which is equivalent to integrating a conventional 12V low-voltage battery into the battery pack, the first power supply module 210 does not need to be converted by the DC/DC control module 300, and can directly supply power to the low-voltage component module 400 and the VCU vehicle controller 410, that is, the DC/DC control module 300 does not need to keep a working state all the time, so as to improve the service life of the DC/DC control module 300, and in addition, through the on-off control module 240, switching between an independent state and a combined state between the first power supply module 210 and the second power supply module 220 can be realized, so as to meet the use requirements under different special scenes, and improve the practicability of the electric vehicle in this embodiment.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile power distribution system, its characterized in that, including battery package module and through DC/DC control module with the low pressure components and parts module that battery package module is connected, battery package module includes first power module and the second power module of constituteing by a plurality of electricity core respectively, low pressure components and parts module includes VCU vehicle control unit, first power module is connected VCU vehicle control unit, second power module is connected DC/DC control module.
2. The electric vehicle power distribution system of claim 1, wherein an on-off control module is disposed between the first power supply module and the second power supply module.
3. The electric vehicle power distribution system of claim 2, wherein the on-off control module comprises a relay disposed between the first power supply module and the second power supply module.
4. The electric vehicle power distribution system of claim 3, wherein the on-off control module further comprises a power detection component connected to the first power supply module and the second power supply module.
5. The electric vehicle power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the first power supply module comprises a cell module consisting of three cells connected in series, and the supply voltage of the cell module is 12V.
6. The electric vehicle power distribution system of claim 2, wherein the battery pack module further comprises a BMS battery management module connected to the second power module.
7. The electric vehicle power distribution system of claim 6, wherein the BMS battery management module is coupled to the on-off control module.
8. The electric vehicle power distribution system of any of claims 1-7, further comprising a communication module comprising a CAN bus coupled to the battery pack module, the DC/DC control module, and the low voltage component module.
9. The electric vehicle power distribution system of claim 8, further comprising a voltage protection module comprising a voltage regulator module disposed on a side of the DC/DC control module.
10. An electric vehicle comprising an electric vehicle power distribution system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210037438.1A CN114454834A (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | Electric automobile power distribution system and electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210037438.1A CN114454834A (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | Electric automobile power distribution system and electric automobile |
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