CN113899481A - Torsion angle strain type sensor and measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Torsion angle strain type sensor and measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113899481A CN113899481A CN202111156162.0A CN202111156162A CN113899481A CN 113899481 A CN113899481 A CN 113899481A CN 202111156162 A CN202111156162 A CN 202111156162A CN 113899481 A CN113899481 A CN 113899481A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
- G01L3/108—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving resistance strain gauges
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a torsion angle strain sensor and a measuring device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the torsion angle strain sensor comprises two fixed surfaces, a torsion surface and a torsion beam; two fixed surface intervals set up, and the torsional plane is located two fixed surface intermediate positions, and torsional plane and two fixed surface coplanarities, torsional plane and fixed surface adopt the torsion beam to connect, and the torsion beam is square post, and torsion beam length direction's central point puts and is provided with the strainometer, and every strainometer is connected and is constituteed full-bridge measuring circuit. The problem of difficult resistance adjustment is solved, and the phenomena of short circuit and insufficient soldering of welding spots in the welding process are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of torsion angle strain type sensors, and relates to a torsion angle strain type sensor and a measuring device and a measuring method thereof.
Background
The foil type resistance strain gauge is widely used as a core sensitive element of various sensors, is widely applied to the fields of force value measurement, displacement measurement and the like, and is particularly a column type structure sensor for measuring a torsion angle (torque). One end of a typical torsion angle (torque) sensor is fixed, the other end of the typical torsion angle (torque) sensor applies a torsion angle (torque), and 4 pieces of single-axis strain gauges or 2 pieces of double-axis strain gauges (the size of the strain gauge in the width direction is more than or equal to 3mm) are arranged on the surface of the typical torsion angle (torque) sensor; in the uniaxial sheet, two sheets experience shear tensile strain, and two sheets experience shear compressive strain; in the biaxial sheet, one side is subjected to shear tensile strain and the other side is subjected to shear compressive strain. The output strain signal has a linear relation with the torsion angle, and can reflect the value of the torsion angle.
The common torsion angle (torque) sensor has a large patch area (the diameter is more than or equal to 20mm, and the height is more than or equal to 10mm), and completely meets the use requirement of the conventional uniaxial or biaxial strain gauge patch. However, for a corner measuring device with limited installation space and light and thin volume, a sheet-shaped torsion beam structure (the length is more than or equal to 10mm, the width is less than or equal to 1mm, and the thickness is less than or equal to 1mm) is often adopted, so that the conventional single-shaft or double-shaft shear strain gauge cannot be used for pasting; even do the strainometer size for a short time, satisfy paster operation requirement, to current biax shear strain meter, because two sets of wire bars distance is very close in the strainometer width direction, on the one hand the resistance adjustment difficulty, on the other hand can cause strainometer pad size to further diminish (biax strainometer pad width is less than or equal to 0.4mm), the diminishing of pad size then makes the difficult of welding change (the easy counterpoint difficulty that appears, the solder joint short circuit, rosin joint phenomenon), bad characteristics such as solder joint pulling force decline cause the unable problem of using of conventional strainometer on torsion beam structure sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a torsion angle strain type sensor, a measuring device and a measuring method thereof, which solve the problem of difficult resistance adjustment and solve the phenomena of short circuit and insufficient welding of welding spots in the welding process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a torsion angle strain type sensor comprises two fixed surfaces, a torsion surface and a torsion beam;
two fixed surface intervals set up, and the torsional plane is located two fixed surface intermediate positions, and torsional plane and two fixed surface coplanarities, torsional plane and fixed surface adopt the torsion beam to connect, and the torsion beam is square post, and torsion beam length direction's central point puts and is provided with the strainometer, and every strainometer is connected and is constituteed full-bridge measuring circuit.
Preferably, the strain gauges adopt single-axis strain gauges, and the top bottom surface of each torsion beam is provided with one single-axis strain gauge.
Further, the single-axis strain gauge comprises two bonding pads and a wire grid, wherein the two bonding pads are respectively arranged at two ends of the wire grid.
Preferably, the strain gauge is a biaxial strain gauge, and the biaxial strain gauge is disposed in front of or behind the torsion beam.
Further, the biaxial strain gauge comprises three bonding pads and two groups of wire grids, wherein the two groups of wire grids are connected in series in a straight line through one bonding pad, and the other two bonding pads are arranged at the free ends of the two groups of wire grids.
And furthermore, the two groups of wire grids are arranged in a staggered manner in the height direction.
A measuring device based on any one of the torsion angle strain gauge sensors comprises a mounting block and a lower pressure plate;
the lower pressing plate and the torsion angle strain type sensor are arranged on the installation block, the installation block is partially hollowed out on the lower pressing plate, the torsion surface and the torsion beam, the two fixing surfaces are fixed with the installation block, the lower pressing plate is perpendicular to the torsion beam, the center position of the lower pressing plate coincides with the center position of the torsion surface, the middle part of the lower pressing plate is consistent with the shape and the size of the torsion surface, the middle part of the lower pressing plate is fixed with the torsion surface, the linear displacement devices are respectively arranged below two ends of the lower pressing plate, and the displacement directions of the linear displacement devices are the up-down directions of the lower pressing plate.
Preferably, limit position pins are arranged above two ends of the lower pressing plate, and the distance between each limit position pin and the end part of the lower pressing plate is equal to the displacement distance of the end part of the lower pressing plate when the torsion beam reaches a limit torsion angle.
Preferably, the lower pressing plate is made of aluminum alloy or titanium alloy materials and is partially hollowed.
A measurement method based on the torsion angle strain gauge sensor measurement apparatus, comprising the processes of:
after the measuring devices are completely installed, the end part of the lower pressing plate is jacked up by a linear displacement device to displace for different distances, the lower pressing plate drives the torsion surface to synchronously rotate, and the corresponding torsion angles under different displacements can be obtained according to a trigonometric function relation; the torsion angle-strain relationship can be obtained through the torsion angles under different displacements and corresponding sensor output signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the strain gauge is arranged on the torsion beam through the torsion beam on the sensor, the strain gauge can be arranged along the length direction of the slender torsion beam, and the strain gauge can be designed to be small enough to meet the requirement of torsion beam surface mounting; the width of a bonding pad of the strain gauge can be slightly smaller than that of the torsion beam, compared with the conventional strain gauge, the width of the bonding pad is enlarged by more than 1 time under the same substrate size, and the connection between the bonding pad and the wire grid is not limited in the length direction, so that the problem of difficult resistance adjustment is solved through reasonable design of the distance between the bonding pad and the wire grid, and the phenomena of short circuit and false welding of welding spots in the welding process are solved; the increase of pad size helps counterpointing between lead wire and the pad, has increased the area when lead wire and pad welding simultaneously, helps promoting the solder joint pulling force.
Furthermore, two groups of wire grids of the double-shaft strain gauge are linearly arranged, so that the distance is long, interference cannot exist between the two groups of wire grids when the resistance is adjusted, and the problem of difficult resistance adjustment is solved.
According to the measuring device, the lower pressing plate is arranged on the torsion surface, the linear displacement device is used for pushing the end part of the lower pressing plate, the lower pressing plate drives the torsion surface to rotate along the central axis, and on the premise that the size of the measuring mechanism is determined, the corresponding torsion angles under different displacements can be obtained according to the trigonometric function relation, so that the torsion angle-strain relation is obtained.
Furthermore, the pin at the limit position ensures that the torsion beam does not generate plastic deformation due to overlarge torsion angle.
Further, the mass of the lower pressing plate is reduced on the premise of ensuring the rigidity, so that the pulling output of the sensor caused by the mass of the lower pressing plate is extremely small.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a torsion angle strain gauge sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of strain analysis of a torsional angular strain sensor of the present invention during twisting;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a biaxial strain gauge of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a torsion angle test assembly according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a front view of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparison graph of the theoretical strain value and the strain acquired by the torsion angle strain type sensor.
Wherein: 1-a fixed surface; 2-twisting surface; 3-torsion beam; 4-strain gauge; 5-a flexible circuit board; 6-a pad; 7-wire grids; 8-positioning scale; 9-pressing the lower plate; 10-an upper press plate; 11-a mounting block; 12-a first locating pin; 13-a second locating pin; 14-tabletting; 15-differential head; 16-extreme position pins; 17-a mounting seat; 18-tensile strain; 19-compressive strain.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the torsion angular strain sensor according to the present invention includes two fixing surfaces 1, a torsion surface 2, and a torsion beam 3.
The fixing surface 1 is a rectangular sheet, two round holes are arranged on the fixing surface 1, and the two fixing surfaces 1 are arranged at intervals; torsion face 2 is the disc, and torsion face 2 is located 1 intermediate position of two fixed planes, and torsion face 2 and 1 coplanarity of two fixed planes, torsion face 2 and fixed plane 1 adopt torsion beam 3 to connect, and torsion beam 3 is square post, and 3 length direction's of torsion beam central point puts and is provided with a plurality of strainometers 4, and a plurality of strainometers 4 connect and constitute full-bridge measuring circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, when the torsion beam 3 is twisted around its central axis, a plane passing through the central axis and perpendicular to the plane of the chip divides the chip surface into two upper and lower regions, and when the torsion beam is twisted clockwise, the upper region, i.e., the upper half of the horizontal cross section of the torsion beam 3, generates a tensile strain 18, and the lower region, i.e., the lower half of the horizontal cross section of the torsion beam 3, generates a compressive strain 19, whereas the opposite is true.
Therefore, when the strain gauges 4 adopt uniaxial strain gauges, one uniaxial strain gauge is provided on the top and bottom surfaces of each torsion beam 3. The uniaxial strain gauge comprises two bonding pads 6 and a wire grid 7, and the two bonding pads 6 are respectively arranged at two ends of the wire grid 7.
When the strain gauge 4 employs a biaxial strain gauge, the biaxial strain gauge is disposed in front of or behind the torsion beam 3. As shown in fig. 3, the biaxial strain gauge includes three pads 6 and two sets of wire grids 7, wherein one pad 6 connects the two sets of wire grids 7 in series in a straight line, and the other two pads 6 are disposed at free ends of the two sets of wire grids 7. The two groups of wire grids 7 are arranged in a staggered mode in the height direction, and different strains of the upper area and the lower area are considered.
Because the two groups of wire grids 7 are respectively arranged in the front and back direction along the length direction of the torsion beam 3, the distance between the two groups of wire grids 7 is far, interference cannot exist between the two groups of wire grids 7 when the resistance is adjusted, and the problem of difficult resistance adjustment is solved.
When the wire grid 7 is designed, the unilateral measuring grid cannot cross the measuring axis, the strainometer 4 can be accurately pasted to a testing position by the aid of the positioning mark 8 through the patch equipment, and size attaching precision is guaranteed.
The torsion beam 3 provides a patch area size of 20mm by 1mm, and in order to satisfy the patch size of the torsion beam 3, the external dimension of the strain gauge 4 of the present invention is 15mm (length) by 0.9 mm.
The width of the bonding pad 6 can be slightly smaller than that of the torsion beam 3, compared with the conventional strain gauge 4, the width of the bonding pad 6 is enlarged by more than 1 time under the same substrate size, and the connection between the bonding pad 6 and the wire grid 7 is not limited in length direction, so that the phenomena of short circuit and false welding of welding points in the welding process are solved through reasonable design of the distance between the bonding pad 6 and the wire grid 7; the increase of the size of the bonding pad 6 is beneficial to the alignment between the lead and the bonding pad 6, and meanwhile, the area of the lead and the bonding pad 6 during welding is increased, and the pulling force of a welding point is promoted.
The strain gauge 4 is designed into a one-fourth bridge or half-bridge structure, and the strain gauge 4 is reasonably adhered, so that the common-mode output interference caused by temperature change and unbalanced assembly can be inhibited, and the anti-interference capability of the sensor is improved.
The multiple strain gauges 4 can be conveniently combined into the flexible circuit board 5 through the test wires to form a full-bridge measurement circuit, and the sensitivity of the sensor is improved. Or the rotation angles of different parts of the same component are measured, so that the common test of the multipath rotation angle signals is realized.
The measuring device of the invention comprises a torsion angle test assembly, an extreme position pin 16 and a mounting seat 17.
As shown in fig. 4, the torsion angle test assembly includes a mounting block 11, a first positioning pin 12, a lower pressing plate 9 and an upper pressing plate 10, the lower pressing plate 9 and the torsion angle strain sensor are both disposed on the mounting block 11, the mounting block 11 is disposed on the lower pressing plate 9, the torsion surface 2 and the torsion beam 3 are partially hollowed out, the two fixing surfaces 1 are fixed to the mounting block 11, the lower pressing plate 9 is perpendicular to the torsion beam 3, the center position of the lower pressing plate 9 coincides with the center position of the torsion surface 2, the middle part of the lower pressing plate 9 is consistent with the shape and size of the torsion surface 2, and the torsion surface 2 is clamped and fixed in the middle by the middle part of the lower pressing plate 9 and the upper pressing plate 10.
First locating pin 12 sets up around 11 fretwork positions of installation piece, carries on spacingly to torsion angle strain sensor, holding down plate 9 and top board 10 installation.
As shown in fig. 5, the torsion angle testing assembly is mounted on the mounting seat 17 through a round hole of the fixing surface 1 by the second positioning pin 13, and the pressing sheet 14 is pressed on the fixing surface 1.
As shown in fig. 6, a linear displacement device is respectively disposed below two ends of the lower pressing plate 9, and the displacement direction of the linear displacement device is the up-down direction of the lower pressing plate 9. In order to ensure that the precision of the linear displacement is sufficient, the linear displacement device can be ensured by selecting the differential head 15 with higher precision.
In order to ensure that the torsion beam 3 does not generate plastic deformation due to overlarge torsion angle, limit position pins 16 are arranged above two ends of the lower pressing plate 9, and the distance between the limit position pins 16 and the end part of the lower pressing plate 9 is equal to the displacement distance of the end part of the lower pressing plate 9 when the torsion beam 3 reaches the limit torsion angle, so that the torsion beam 3 is ensured not to generate yield deformation.
By means of the lower pressing plate 9 mounted on the torsion surface 2, the lower pressing plate 9 is pushed by a linear displacement device, and then the lower pressing plate 9 drives the torsion surface 2 to rotate along the central axis. In order to ensure that the lower pressing plate 9 is small in mass and high in rigidity, aluminum alloy and titanium alloy materials can be adopted, and a local hollow mode is adopted, so that the mass of the lower pressing plate 9 is reduced on the premise of ensuring the rigidity, and the pulling output of a sensor caused by the mass of the lower pressing plate 9 is extremely small.
The installation process is as follows: the lower pressing plate 9 is longitudinally placed through the limiting effect of the first positioning pin 12, the torsion angle strain type sensor is placed through the limiting level of the first positioning pin 12, then the upper pressing plate 10 and the lower pressing plate 9 are locked through screws, a torsion angle test assembly part is assembled, and the central axis of the lower pressing plate 9 is perpendicular to the central axis of the torsion beam 3.
The round hole of mounting surface 1 uses second dowel 13 to place on the mount pad 17 among the torsion angle test assembly spare, uses the screw to compress tightly preforming 14 then, guarantees the fixed restraint at torsion angle strain gauge sensor both ends.
During the test, clockwise rotation differential head 15, the bulb of differential head 15 will be outwards outstanding, treats and contacts with holding down plate 9 after, continues clockwise rotation differential head 15 will promote holding down plate 9 and produce rotatoryly along torsion angle strain gauge sensor's the central axis to produce the torsion angle.
After measurement is carried out for multiple times, corresponding torsion angles under different displacements can be obtained according to the trigonometric function relation under the premise that the size of the measuring mechanism is determined, and the torsion angle-strain relation can be obtained by recording the torsion angles under different displacements and strain output signals.
As shown in fig. 7, the strain actually acquired by the torsion angle strain sensor is well matched with the theoretical strain, and the maximum error is only 0.5% in the torsion angles from-8 degrees to +8 degrees through data analysis. The set of measuring device manufactured according to the method completely meets the engineering use requirements.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A torsion angle strain type sensor is characterized by comprising two fixing surfaces (1), a torsion surface (2) and a torsion beam (3);
two fixed surface (1) intervals set up, and torsion face (2) are located two fixed surface (1) intermediate position, and torsion face (2) and two fixed surface (1) coplane, and torsion face (2) and fixed surface (1) adopt torsion beam (3) to connect, and torsion beam (3) are square post, and torsion beam (3) length direction's central point puts and is provided with strainometer (4), and every strainometer (4) are connected and are constituteed full-bridge measuring circuit.
2. The torsion angular strain gauge sensor according to claim 1, wherein the strain gauges (4) are uniaxial strain gauges, and one uniaxial strain gauge is provided on the top and bottom surfaces of each torsion beam (3).
3. The torsion angular strain gauge sensor according to claim 2, wherein the uniaxial strain gauge comprises two pads (6) and a wire grid (7), the two pads (6) being respectively provided at both ends of the wire grid (7).
4. The torsional angular strain sensor according to claim 1, wherein the strain gauge (4) is a biaxial strain gauge, and the biaxial strain gauge is disposed in front of or behind the torsion beam (3).
5. The torsion angular strain sensor according to claim 4, wherein the biaxial strain gauge comprises three pads (6) and two sets of wire grids (7), wherein one pad (6) connects the two sets of wire grids (7) in series in a straight line, and the other two pads (6) are arranged at the free ends of the two sets of wire grids (7).
6. Torsion angle strain gauge sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that the two sets of wire grids (7) are arranged offset in height direction.
7. A measuring device based on a torsion angle strain gauge sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a mounting block (11) and a lower pressing plate (9);
lower plate (9) and torsion angle strain sensor all set up on installation piece (11), installation piece (11) are at lower plate (9), torsion face (2) and torsion beam (3) part fretwork, two fixed surface (1) are fixed with installation piece (11), lower plate (9) and torsion beam (3) perpendicular setting, lower plate (9) central point puts and coincides with torsion face (2) central point, and lower plate (9) middle part is unanimous with torsion face (2) shape and size, lower plate (9) middle part is fixed with torsion face (2), the below at lower plate (9) both ends is provided with a linear displacement device respectively, linear displacement device's displacement direction is lower plate (9) up-and-down direction.
8. The torsion angle strain gauge sensor measuring device according to claim 7, wherein limit position pins (16) are arranged above the two ends of the lower pressing plate (9), and the distance between the limit position pins (16) and the end of the lower pressing plate (9) is equal to the displacement distance of the end of the lower pressing plate (9) when the torsion beam (3) reaches a limit torsion angle.
9. The torsion angle strain sensor measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the lower pressing plate (9) is made of an aluminum alloy or titanium alloy material and is partially hollowed.
10. A measuring method based on the torsion angle strain gauge sensor measuring apparatus of claim 7, characterized by comprising the following processes:
after the measuring devices are completely installed, the end part of the lower pressing plate (9) is jacked up by a linear displacement device to displace for different distances, the lower pressing plate (9) drives the torsion surface (2) to synchronously rotate, and corresponding torsion angles under different displacements can be obtained according to a trigonometric function relation; the torsion angle-strain relationship can be obtained through the torsion angles under different displacements and corresponding sensor output signals.
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JP2016080052A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-05-16 | 株式会社ロボテック | Wave gear reducer with torque detector |
KR20170038959A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-10 | 현대로템 주식회사 | Irrotational type torque sensor |
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