CN113892676B - Method for improving flavor and quality of cigar tobacco leaves by fermenting tobacco glandular hair secretion - Google Patents
Method for improving flavor and quality of cigar tobacco leaves by fermenting tobacco glandular hair secretion Download PDFInfo
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- CN113892676B CN113892676B CN202111248002.9A CN202111248002A CN113892676B CN 113892676 B CN113892676 B CN 113892676B CN 202111248002 A CN202111248002 A CN 202111248002A CN 113892676 B CN113892676 B CN 113892676B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enhancing flavor and improving quality of cigar tobacco leaves by fermenting tobacco glandular hair secretions, the cigar tobacco leaves processed by the processing technology have uniform and glossy color, loose leaf blade structure with oil content, fragrance quality, fragrance amount and other fragrance characteristics, the smoke characteristics and taste characteristics (prominent sweet feeling and comfortable aftertaste) are improved, the tobacco leaf quality is obviously improved, and meanwhile, combustible absorption indexes and the like are further improved, so that a certain technical basis can be laid for improving the yield of middle-high grade cigars.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco processing, in particular to a method for improving the quality of cigar tobacco leaves by fermenting and flavoring the cigar tobacco leaves by using tobacco glandular hair secretion.
Background
Cigarette aroma is one of the most important quality characteristics of cigarette product quality, and in the actual cigarette product manufacturing process, special blending is often required to be carried out on the cigarette aroma in a mode of adding essence, spice and the like, so that the cigarette aroma is more in line with the taste requirements of people.
The tobacco glandular hairs are used as the main place for synthesizing tobacco aroma substances, and the secretion of the tobacco glandular hairs is a mixture consisting of a plurality of secondary metabolites such as alkane, terpene alcohol, fatty alcohol, resin, higher fatty acid, volatile aldehyde, ketone, acid and the like. It has been shown that the secretion of tobacco glandular hair is mainly diterpene and carbohydrate, and the terpenoid components such as cembratriene terpene alcohol and labdane terpene alcohol are closely related to the flavor and quality of tobacco leaf.
As a single cigarette product, cigars have an increasing consumption demand in recent years with the improvement of the living standard of people in China. But is limited by the cigarette consumption habit mainly comprising flue-cured tobacco for a long time in China and the actual situation that the raw materials of cigar leaves in China are relatively poor, and the manufacturing technology of the domestic cigar still has a larger space for improvement.
The existing research shows that the cigar tobacco leaves in China have a large difference compared with the raw materials of the cigar tobacco leaves abroad, and the difference is mainly reflected in the aspects of turbid smoke, unobvious aroma, lack of aroma, obvious miscellaneous gas, large irritation and the like of the tobacco leaves. The raw materials of the domestic high-quality cigar tobacco leaves are especially deficient, so the development of the domestic high-quality cigar in China is seriously hindered. However, the existing middle-to-high grade cigar products are generally prepared from cigar tobacco leaves without adding any essence and spice. Therefore, how to improve the quality of the cigar tobacco leaves by using the natural products from the tobacco leaves instead of artificially prepared flavors and fragrances is an important technical prerequisite requirement for improving the yield of the middle-high grade cigars.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of turbid smoke, unobtrusive fragrance, lack of fragrance, obvious miscellaneous gas, slightly large irritation and the like of tobacco leaves as raw materials of domestic cigar tobacco leaves and the consumption characteristics of pursuing 'pure nature' in the prior art, the invention utilizes the extract of glandular hair secretion in tobacco, adds the extract into the cigar tobacco leaves in a specific way, and combines with further fermentation treatment to effectively improve the smoking quality of the cigar tobacco leaves.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the quality of cigar tobacco leaves by fermenting and flavoring the cigar tobacco leaves with tobacco glandular hair secretion comprises the following steps:
step 1, moisture regain treatment
Dampening the cigar core tobacco leaves subjected to natural alcoholization treatment until the moisture content is 28-30% for later use;
step 2, spraying glandular hair extract
Dissolving the tobacco glandular hair extract in absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly mixing to obtain an glandular hair extract ethanol solution; wherein the concentration of the glandular hair extract is more than 0g/L and less than or equal to 10 g/L;
uniformly spraying the glandular hair extract solution on the surface of the cigar tobacco leaves subjected to moisture regain in the step 1 according to the weight ratio of the glandular hair extract solution to the cigar tobacco leaves subjected to moisture regain being 1: 3-5;
step 3, fermentation treatment
And (3) standing the cigar tobacco leaves sprayed with the glandular hair extract solution in the step (2) for 24-36 h, and naturally fermenting for 10-40 days under the conditions that the humidity is 75 +/-10% and the temperature is 42 +/-5 ℃.
Further, in the step 1, the naturally alcoholized cigar core tobacco leaves are central cigar core tobacco leaves of dexue No. 1 after being naturally alcoholized for 2 years.
In the step 2, the tobacco glandular hair extract is a dichloromethane extract on the surface of the tobacco leaves; the specific extraction steps are as follows:
fully leaching tobacco leaves in dichloromethane;
then, the leaching liquor containing the leaf surface extract is transferred to a rotary evaporator after being filtered, concentrated at 40 ℃, and then stored away from light at 0 ℃ for later use after being concentrated.
In the step 2, the concentration of the glandular hair extract is 5 g/L; and (2) uniformly spraying the glandular hair extract solution on the surfaces of the cigar tobacco leaves subjected to moisture regaining in the step (1) according to the weight ratio of the glandular hair extract solution to the cigar tobacco leaves subjected to moisture regaining of 1: 4.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the cigar tobacco leaves processed by the processing technology have uniform and glossy color, loose leaf structures, oil content, aroma characteristics such as aroma quality and aroma quantity, improved smoke characteristics and taste characteristics (prominent sweet feeling and comfortable aftertaste), obviously improved tobacco leaf quality, further improved combustible absorption indexes and the like, and further lay a certain technical foundation for improving the output of middle-high grade cigars.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the embodiments or drawings required in the prior art description, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a table showing the analysis of glandular hair extract components;
FIG. 2 shows the variation of neutral aroma substances in cigar leaves;
FIG. 3 is the sensory quality evaluation of cigar tobacco.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Tobacco leaf material:
providing the tobacco leaves with cigar cores in the central part of No. 1 Dexue of Deyang tobacco district of Sichuan for 2 years by Changcheng cigar factories of the limited responsibility company of the tobacco industry in Sichuan;
the extract of tobacco glandular hair secretion is prepared from 100 tobacco leaves of Yunyan tobacco cured in Luoyang tobacco district of Henan, 2020, as a preparation raw material;
the related detection and evaluation method comprises the following steps:
(1) quality grade standard of appearance of cigar core tobacco leaves in cigar department
The evaluation is carried out by organization experts of national tobacco cultivation physiological and biochemical base (Henan university of agriculture) with reference to the tobacco leaf appearance quality scoring standard of Ji Shu et al (tobacco physical detection, Henan science and technology Press, 1997), and the specific standard is shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 cigar core tobacco appearance quality score criteria
(2) Cigar tobacco sensory quality evaluation standard
The existing cigarette scoring standards are referred, and the specific characteristics of the cigar tobacco are combined, related scoring standards are formulated by a national tobacco cultivation physiological and biochemical research base organizational specialist of the Henan agricultural university, and are evaluated by the national tobacco cultivation physiological and biochemical base organizational specialist, wherein the specific standards are shown in the following table 2.
During specific evaluation, the tobacco leaf samples are rolled into cigar cigarettes with the length of 125mm and the diameter of 10.5mm, and the cigar cigarettes are balanced for 1 month in a constant temperature and humidity box with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 69% and then are used for evaluation and smoking.
TABLE 2 sensory quality evaluation criteria for cigar tobacco
(3) Determination of related chemical Components
Before measurement, a sample of the relevant cigar tobacco leaves is sampled by 500g, dried at 40 ℃ and ground to pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then relevant chemical composition measurement is carried out by referring to relevant detection standards in the prior art or by referring to the following operation. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
measuring the contents of reducing sugar, total sugar, nicotine, chlorine and potassium in the tobacco leaves: weighing 0.25g of tobacco sample in a 50mL small white bottle, accurately measuring to 0.0001g, adding 25mL of 5% acetic acid solution, and performing oscillation extraction on an oscillator for 30 minutes; filtering with qualitative filter paper, discarding the first few ml of filtrate, collecting the subsequent filtrate, and analyzing on a flow analyzer;
measuring the total nitrogen content of the tobacco leaves: weighing 0.1g of smoke sample in a digestion tube, accurately measuring the smoke sample to 0.0001g, and adding 0.1g of anhydrous copper sulfate, 1.0g of potassium sulfate and 5.0mL of concentrated sulfuric acid; placing the neck of the digestive tube on a funnel with bent neck, and placing on a digester for digestion (the operating parameters of the digester are 150 deg.C, 30min, 250 deg.C, 30min, 370 deg.C, 2 hr); taking out the digestion tube half an hour after digestion, cooling to room temperature, washing the inner wall and the outer wall of the bent-neck funnel with a small amount of water (about 10mL), shaking the solution at the bottom of the tube forcibly (using sulfuric acid for dilution and releasing heat), then using water for constant volume till scales, covering a plug, and shaking up; the solution was filtered through a plastic bottle with a fixed amount of filter paper, the first few ml of filtrate was discarded, and the subsequent filtrate was collected for analysis.
In the determination process, when quantitative analysis is carried out, the reference is as follows when relevant standard solution is prepared:
stock solution: weighing 0.943g of ammonium sulfate in a beaker, accurately weighing the ammonium sulfate to 0.0001g, dissolving the ammonium sulfate in water, transferring the ammonium sulfate into a 100mL volumetric flask, and metering the volume to the scale with water; the nitrogen content of the solution is 2 mg/mL;
working standard solution: preparing at least 5 working standard solutions according to the total nitrogen content of the sample which is expected to be detected; the preparation method comprises the following steps: different amounts of stock solutions 2.5, 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5 and 0mL (1 mL of ultrapure water is added into a 0mL digestion tube) are respectively transferred, 0.1g of anhydrous copper sulfate, 1.0g of potassium sulfate and 5.0mL of concentrated sulfuric acid are added, and the mixture is digested together with the sample.
Example 1
This example specifically describes the preparation method of tobacco glandular hair extract according to the present application.
Taking 100 tobacco leaves of Yunyan tobacco cured in Luoyang tobacco area of Henan of 2020 as glandular hair extract raw materials, and specifically extracting:
10g of crushed tobacco leaves sieved by a 60-mesh sieve are taken and sequentially soaked and washed in 3 beakers filled with 200mL of dichloromethane, namely: soaking and washing in the 1 st beaker for 4 times, staying in the solvent for a certain time every time, repeatedly soaking and washing in the 2 nd and 3 rd beakers after dichloromethane is slightly volatilized, and extracting the leaves in reverse sequence every time of soaking and washing (namely, the last extracted leaves are soaked and washed firstly); after 3 times of leaching, filtering the solvent containing the leaf surface extract into a flat-bottomed flask (in the filtering process, a filter funnel, a beaker, filter paper and the like for filtering are washed by dichloromethane for a plurality of times in advance, and meanwhile, anhydrous sodium sulfate is adopted for absorbing and removing water in the filtrate in the filtering process);
then transferring the leaching solution to a rotary evaporator, concentrating at 40 ℃, finally transferring to an amber bottle, metering the volume to 10mL, and placing in the dark at 0 ℃ for standby.
Example 2
Based on the tobacco glandular hair extract prepared in example 1, the inventors further clarified the improvement of cigar quality, and the specific processing procedure is briefly described as follows.
(1) Moisture regain treatment
Firstly, it should be noted that in the early preliminary experiment process, the glandular hair extract prepared in example 1 is added to the fresh tobacco, alcoholized tobacco leaves for 1 year and alcoholized tobacco leaves for 2 years in the middle of de xue 1 in the prepared off-shelf Sichuan Deyang tobacco area respectively to perform quality experiments, and the results show that the tobacco leaves alcoholized for 2 years are treated with the glandular hair extract with the optimal effect, so in the subsequent examples, the tobacco leaves alcoholized for 2 years are selected as raw materials to further improve the quality.
Taking 5Kg of cigar tobacco (No. 1 central eggplant core tobacco in Dexue of Deyang tobacco area of Sichuan) alcoholized for 2 years, and manually dampening until the moisture content of the tobacco is 30% for later use.
(2) Spraying glandular hair extract
Dissolving the tobacco glandular hair extract prepared in the example 1 in absolute ethyl alcohol and uniformly mixing to obtain an glandular hair extract ethanol solution;
uniformly spraying the glandular hair extract solution on the surface of the remoistened cigar tobacco leaves according to the weight ratio of the glandular hair extract solution to the remoistened cigar tobacco leaves of 1:4 (namely, 4kg of cigar tobacco leaves are sprayed on 1L of the glandular hair extract solution).
(3) Fermentation treatment
And (3) after the glandular hair extract solution is sprayed in the step (2), the cigar tobacco leaves are kept stand for 24 so as to balance the moisture in the tobacco leaves, the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is adjusted to 30%, and then the tobacco leaves are placed under the conditions of humidity of 80% and temperature of 45 ℃ (a BINDER constant temperature and humidity box) and are naturally fermented for 10 days under the conditions of constant temperature and humidity.
In order to determine the influence of different amounts of glandular hair extracts on the quality of the cigar leaves, in the step (2), the inventor respectively uses ethanol solutions of glandular hair extracts with different concentrations to treat the cigar leaves (wherein 0g/L is used as a treatment control, and 1g/L, 3g/L, 5g/L and 10g/L are used as experimental groups), and respectively prepares and obtains different cigar leaf fermentation treatment samples (respectively noted as example 2, example 3, example 4, example 5 and example 6).
To determine the impact of the fermentation process on quality improvement, the inventors treated cigar leaves with 5g/L glandular hair extract ethanol solution but not fermented treated the leaves as a control (noted as example 7).
Meanwhile, raw tobacco (alcoholized 2 year tobacco) fermented without added glandular hair extract treatment (but sprayed with equal amount of ethanol) was used as another control (noted as example 1).
The specific results of the appearance quality, chemical composition variation, etc. of the cigar leaves of the different treatment groups are summarized below.
(1) Variation of appearance quality of cigar tobacco
The appearance quality of cigar leaves (naturally alcoholized for one year) without any treatment was scored according to the above criteria using raw tobacco as a blank control, and the specific results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 quality score of appearance of cigar core tobacco in the middle of cigar sector
Analysis of the results of table 1 above shows that: compared with natural alcoholized raw tobacco, the appearance quality of tobacco leaf can be further improved by further natural fermentation treatment or by adding glandular hair extract. When the glandular hair extract is added and naturally fermented, the two have a certain synergistic effect, so that the appearance quality of the tobacco leaves can be further improved.
Generally, the cigar tobacco leaves (raw tobacco) before further treatment are yellow brown, mature, moderate in leaf identity, dense in structure, slight in oil content, and partially damaged, green and variegated; after the glandular hair extract is further sprayed and further fermented, the tobacco leaves have good overall appearance quality, uniform and glossy color, loose leaf structure and oil content. In other words, the appearance quality of the cigar tobacco leaves obtained by adding the glandular hair extract and the fermentation treatment is improved more obviously, and the tobacco leaf quality is further improved.
(2) Change of chemical composition
Cigar leaves without any treatment (naturally alcoholized for one year) were used as blank control to score the quality of appearance of the cigar leaves, and the specific results are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 chemical composition change (%)
Analysis of the results in table 2 above shows that the content of each component is not significantly changed (related to the glandular hair secretion component) compared to the original tobacco by adding glandular hair extract alone (example 7), and the natural fermentation treatment has a greater influence on the adjustment of the content of each component. But when the addition amount of the glandular hair extract is matched with different addition amounts, the difference of the fermentation effect is obvious.
In general terms: the potassium content and the potassium-chlorine ratio are increased, the combustibility of tobacco leaves can be improved, and the ash gray can be improved within a certain range; the cigar leaves added with a proper amount of glandular hair extract and subjected to fermentation treatment have higher total sugar and reducing sugar than the cigar leaves not added with the glandular hair extract and subjected to fermentation treatment (example 1), so that the total nitrogen and nicotine are reduced, the sweet feeling and the moist feeling of smoke during smoking are improved, the strength is moderate, and the irritation and the ammonia taste are reduced. These results indicate that glandular hair extract can not directly adjust related components, but in combination with fermentation process, glandular hair extract can transform or promote the transformation of related components, thereby improving and improving the quality of cigar leaves.
(III) change of fragrant substance
In order to specifically determine specific components of the prepared tobacco leaf glandular hair extract and the change condition of related aroma components of the tobacco leaves after fermentation treatment, the inventor further performs GC-MS analysis, and the specific experimental conditions refer to the following.
Sample preparation: 2mL of the extract concentrate of the glandular hairs of tobacco leaves was added with 1mL of an internal standard (0.336g of linalool was made to volume with isopropanol in a 500mL volumetric flask), and then concentrated to 1mL, followed by GC or GC/MS analysis (for analysis of fermented tobacco leaves, see this procedure)
Gas chromatography conditions TRACE GC gas chromatograph (Finnigan Co.):
the chromatographic column is DB-530m × 0.25mmid × 0.25 umdf;
the initial temperature is 100 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2min, then the temperature is increased to 180 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 30 min; raising the temperature to 280 ℃ at a speed of 8 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 25 min; the sample inlet is 250 ℃ and the FID (flame ion detection) is 280 ℃;
he is carrier gas, the flow rate is 1.5mL/min, the shunt flow is 60mL/min, and the sample injection amount is 2.0 mu L.
Mass spectrometry conditions (TurboMass chromatograph/mass spectrometer PE corporation):
chromatographic column DB-530m × 0.25mmid × 0.25 umdf;
carrier gas He, the flow rate is 1.5 mL/min;
the temperature of the transmission line is 250 ℃, and the temperature of the ion source is 170 ℃;
EI energy 70eV, ranging from 35 to 450uam (parameters not specified refer to gas phase analysis or prior art as previously described).
The results of analyzing the glandular hair extract components in example 1 are shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen that there are 10 main components in the extracted glandular hair extract: the highest content is 98.49 mu g/cm of cembratriene diol 2 (ii) a Secondly, the alkane is 12.54 mu g/cm 2 Sugar caneSugar ester 4.28. mu.g/cm 2 Docosanol 3.31 mu g/cm 2 Beta-resinol 1.19 mu g/cm 2 Cetyl alcohol 0.72 mu g/cm 2 0.68 mu g/cm of cembratriene alcohol 2 0.58 mu g/cm of dodecanol 2 0.54 mu g/cm of tetradecanol 2 Labdane diol 0.16 mu g/cm 2 0.12 mu g/cm of cis-abienol 2 。
The results of the measurement of the partial aroma substances in the samples of the partially treated group tobacco leaves are shown in FIG. 2.
Analysis shows that five major classes of substances, phenylalanine conversion products, browning reaction products, cembrane degradation products, carotenoid degradation products and chlorophyll degradation products, are the main aroma-causing substances in cigar leaves. Compared with raw tobacco, the content of related aroma substances can be obviously improved through further natural fermentation treatment, so that the alcoholization period is favorably shortened, and the content of the related aroma substances can be further improved through further matching with the tobacco glandular hair extract. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
chlorophyll degradation products represented by neophytadiene have clear fragrance, can reduce irritation of smoke and improve taste of smoke when tobacco leaves are burnt, and as can be seen from figure 2, the contents of raw tobacco of example 5 and example 1 are 378.44 μ g/g, 338.17 μ g/g and 139.85 μ g/g respectively.
The carotenoid degradation product has the characteristics of good aroma quality and small irritation in the process of burning the tobacco leaves, and the generated aroma mainly comprises fresh and sweet aroma, fruit aroma, flower aroma and costustoot; the ionone and damascenone have flower fragrance, the megastigmatrienone is an important component of natural fragrance of tobacco, the characteristics of the flower fragrance and the elecampane in tobacco leaves can be improved, and the damascenone can improve the characteristic of the flower fragrance of smoke. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the raw tobacco carotenoid degradation products of examples 5 and 1 were contained in amounts of 78.61. mu.g/g, 66.52. mu.g/g and 65.58. mu.g/g, respectively.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the content of the crude nicotiana occidentalis degradation products of examples 5 and 1 is 67.36 μ g/g, 45.04 μ g/g and 32.09 μ g/g.
The phenylalanine-converted product in tobacco mainly comprises benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, phenethyl alcohol phenylacetaldehyde and other compounds which are important components of fragrance, for example, benzyl alcohol has rose fragrance, benzaldehyde has sweet fragrance, cherry fragrance and almond fragrance, phenethyl alcohol has fruit fragrance, and phenylacetaldehyde has burnt fragrance and flower fragrance, as can be seen from figure 2, and the content of phenylalanine-converted product in example 5, example 1 and raw tobacco is 59.88 mu g/g, 41.55 mu g/g and 37.76 mu g/g.
The browning reaction products of tobacco leaves mainly comprise furfural, furfuryl alcohol, 2-acetyl pyrrole, 5-methyl furfural and other components, and many browning reaction products have special fragrance, such as nut fragrance, sweet fragrance and other fragrance in smoke, and have great contribution to cocoa fragrance in the smoke although the content of pyrrole and furan substances is low. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the contents of the raw smoke-browned reaction products of example 5 and example 1 were 23.87. mu.g/g, 15.18. mu.g/g and 12.23. mu.g/g.
(IV) evaluation of sensory quality of cigar tobacco leaves
Although the results indicated that the relevant treatments did indeed contribute to the quality of the appearance of the tobacco leaves and even to the regulation of the content of some substances, it was determined whether these effects contributed to the actual organoleptic quality of the tobacco leaves. According to the above criteria, the actual sensory quality evaluation was performed on the partially treated group tobacco leaves, and the specific results are shown in fig. 3.
Analysis shows that the tobacco leaves of the cigar of the example have obviously improved aroma quality, aroma quantity, aftertaste, miscellaneous gas, irritation, sweetness and taste after being added with the glandular hair extract and combined with fermentation treatment, and the sensory quality is higher than that of the raw tobacco and the example 1. Compared with other treatment groups, the tobacco leaves in example 5 have the advantages of prominent sweet taste of smoke, better aroma quality and aroma amount, obviously reduced irritation and miscellaneous gas, prominent sweet and sweet burning aroma and mellow aroma, comfortable aftertaste and better balance of combustible absorption indexes.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims. It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for fermenting, flavoring and improving quality of cigar tobacco leaves by utilizing tobacco glandular hair secretion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, moisture regain treatment
The cigar core tobacco leaves after natural alcoholization are remoistened to the moisture content of 28-30% for later use;
step 2, spraying the extractive of glandular hair secretion
Dissolving the extract of the tobacco glandular hair secretion in absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly mixing to prepare an extract ethanol solution of the glandular hair secretion; wherein the concentration of the extract of glandular hair secretion is more than 0g/L and less than or equal to 10 g/L;
the weight ratio of the extract solution of glandular hair secretion: uniformly spraying an extract solution of glandular hair secretion on the surface of the remoistened cigar leaves in the step (1) according to the proportion of 1: 3-5;
step 3, fermentation treatment
And (3) standing the cigar leaves sprayed with the extractive solution of the glandular hair secretion in the step (2) for 24-36 h, and naturally fermenting for 10-40 days under the conditions that the humidity is 75 +/-10% and the temperature is 42 +/-5 ℃.
2. The method for improving flavor and quality of cigar leaves by fermentation and using tobacco glandular hair secretion in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the naturally alcoholized cigar core tobacco leaves are No. 1 central cigar core tobacco leaves after being naturally alcoholized for 2 years.
3. The method for improving the flavor of cigar leaves by fermentation and quality by utilizing the tobacco glandular hair secretion in the claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the extract of the tobacco glandular hair secretion is methylene chloride extract on the surface of the tobacco leaves; the specific extraction steps are as follows:
fully leaching tobacco leaves in dichloromethane;
then, the leaching liquor containing the leaf surface extract is transferred to a rotary evaporator after being filtered, concentrated at 40 ℃, and then stored away from light at 0 ℃ for later use after being concentrated.
4. The method for improving flavor and quality of cigar leaves by fermenting tobacco glandular hair secretion according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the extractive concentration of the glandular hair secretion is 5 g/L; the weight ratio of the extract solution of glandular hair secretion: and (3) uniformly spraying the extract solution of glandular hair secretion on the surface of the cigar tobacco leaves after being remoistened in the step (1) according to the proportion of 1: 4.
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