CN113884325B - Multifunctional sampling device and sampling method for shallow sea beach - Google Patents
Multifunctional sampling device and sampling method for shallow sea beach Download PDFInfo
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- CN113884325B CN113884325B CN202111293171.4A CN202111293171A CN113884325B CN 113884325 B CN113884325 B CN 113884325B CN 202111293171 A CN202111293171 A CN 202111293171A CN 113884325 B CN113884325 B CN 113884325B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional sampling device and a sampling method for a shallow sea beach. The multifunctional sampling device comprises a supporting table, a first collecting structure for collecting water samples with different depths and a second collecting structure for collecting sediment samples with different points. The first acquisition structure comprises a fixing frame, a plurality of driving components which are arranged on the fixing frame and circumferentially distributed around the central axis of the fixing frame, and a plurality of first sampling components which are arranged on the fixing frame and are in one-to-one correspondence with the driving components. The second collection structure comprises an adjusting component, a sampling table which can rotate and move along the radial direction of the supporting table, and a plurality of second sampling components which are arranged on the sampling table and used for balancing weight. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a special sampling structure for the shallow sea, which solves the problems that the existing sampling equipment has single function, can only collect water samples or sediments respectively, and cannot perform multipoint sampling in one operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine exploration, in particular to a multifunctional sampling device and a sampling method for a shallow sea beach.
Background
With the progress of technology, the development and protection of ocean resources are increasingly focused by human beings, the exploration requirements of the ocean resources are also increasingly stronger, and the exploration and research of offshore and coastal zones are also rapidly developed.
The shallow sea beach generally refers to a transition zone from land to sea, and the shallow sea area of the beach is coastal, intertidal zone and shallow sea, so that the shallow sea beach has important scientific research, economic and environmental protection values, and marine ecological protection and restoration engineering is located in a plurality of areas. The construction of marine ecological protection restoration project, ocean carbon sink project needs to carry out sampling study to the water body, sediment etc. of the shallow beach, like the sediment and the water body of the peripheral shallow sea of sandy beach, but current sampling equipment function singleness, can only carry out single point sample, can only gather water sample or sediment respectively promptly, and the one-time operation of launching can only accomplish the sample of a bit, can not accomplish the multiple spot and take a sample, needs repeated operation of launching to the sampling efficiency is low, wastes time and energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which comprises a supporting table, a first collecting structure, a second collecting structure and a control device, wherein the first collecting structure is positioned above the supporting table and used for collecting water samples with different depths, and the second collecting structure is used for collecting sediment samples with different points, and is characterized in that:
the first collecting structure comprises a fixing frame which is coaxially arranged with the supporting table, a plurality of driving components which are arranged on the fixing frame and circumferentially distributed around the central axis of the fixing frame, a plurality of first sampling components which are arranged on the fixing frame and are in one-to-one correspondence with the driving components, and the first sampling components finish water sampling under the action of the driving components;
the second collection structure comprises an adjusting component arranged on the supporting table, a sampling table which can rotate under the action of the adjusting component and move along the radial direction of the supporting table, a plurality of second sampling components arranged on the sampling table and a counterweight component which is used for balancing weight and ensuring vertical falling, wherein an included angle between the counterweight component and the adjusting component is 180 degrees.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that a first sampling component comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a cover plate A, a transition cylinder, a piston, a through hole B, a cover plate B, a transition rod and a sample storage cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is arranged on a fixed frame, the top of the outer cylinder is provided with a through hole A, the inner cylinder is arranged on the through hole A, one end of the cover plate A is hinged with the top of the inner cylinder, the transition cylinder is arranged on the top of the outer cylinder, the piston is movably arranged in the transition cylinder, the piston is provided with the through hole B, one end of the cover plate B is hinged with the through hole B, the lower end of the cover plate B is arranged on the piston through a bracket, the other end of the cover plate B penetrates out of the transition cylinder, and the sample storage cylinder is arranged on the fixed frame and is communicated with the transition cylinder through a conveying pipe.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that a plurality of fixing holes for installing an outer cylinder are formed in a fixing frame.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that a pressure relief opening is arranged at the top of a transition cylinder, a first valve is arranged on the pressure relief opening, a second valve is arranged on a conveying pipe, a sample outlet is arranged on a sample storage cylinder, and a third valve is arranged on the sample outlet.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that the driving assembly comprises a belt pulley A rotatably arranged at the top of a fixed frame and vertical to the fixed frame, a belt pulley B rotatably arranged at the top of the fixed frame and parallel to the fixed frame, an auxiliary part A arranged at the top of the fixed frame, an auxiliary part B arranged on the fixed frame through a support and positioned below the auxiliary part A, the auxiliary part A vertical to the auxiliary part B, the auxiliary part B connected with a transition rod, a cable with one end arranged on the auxiliary part A and the other end sequentially penetrating through the belt pulley B and the belt pulley A and then arranged on the auxiliary part B, and a driving electric push rod arranged at the top of the fixed frame and connected with the auxiliary part A by a telescopic rod.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that an auxiliary piece A and an auxiliary piece B have the same structure;
the auxiliary piece A comprises a supporting frame arranged on the fixing frame, a translation block movably arranged in the supporting frame, a main rod arranged on the translation block and positioned at one end of the translation block far away from the cable, an auxiliary rod arranged on the translation block and positioned at one end of the translation block near the cable, a spring sleeved on the auxiliary shaft, one end of the auxiliary rod arranged on the translation block and the other end of the auxiliary rod arranged on the supporting frame;
two ends of the mooring rope are respectively connected with the auxiliary rod.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that the adjusting component comprises a supporting plate, a rotating rod, a transmission gear A, an adjusting motor, a transmission gear B, a fixed frame, an adjusting rod, an adjusting gear A and an adjusting gear B, wherein the supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of a fixed frame through a vertical rod, one end of the rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the supporting plate through a rolling bearing, the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably arranged on a supporting table through a rolling bearing, the transmission gear A is arranged on the rotating rod, the adjusting motor is arranged on the supporting plate, the transmission gear B is arranged on an output shaft of the adjusting motor and is meshed with the transmission gear A, the fixed frame is arranged on the rotating rod through a fixed ring, the adjusting rod is rotatably arranged in the fixed frame through the rolling bearing, the sampling table is in threaded connection with the adjusting rod and is movably arranged in the fixed frame, and the adjusting gear A is arranged on the adjusting rod.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that a pair of guide rails are arranged in a fixed frame, and a sampling table is arranged on the guide rails.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that the second sampling assembly comprises a protection cylinder arranged at the bottom of a sampling platform, a lifting electric push rod arranged in the protection cylinder, a lifting plate arranged on a telescopic rod of the lifting electric push rod, a sampling motor arranged at the bottom of the lifting plate and a spiral sampling knife arranged on an output shaft of the sampling motor.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that the counterweight component comprises a supporting ring arranged on a rotating rod and positioned below a second sampling component, a flat plate arranged on the supporting ring, and a counterweight block movably arranged on the flat plate.
The invention discloses a preferable multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach, which is characterized in that a pair of sliding rails are arranged at the bottom of a flat plate, a balancing weight is arranged on the sliding rails, a balancing weight electric push rod is arranged on the flat plate, and a balancing weight electric push rod telescopic rod is connected with the balancing weight.
The sampling steps of the invention are as follows:
s1: connecting a steel wire rope on a winch with the hanging ring, and placing the device into water through the winch;
s2: when reaching the required depth, one of the first sampling assemblies is started, the driving assembly drives the piston to do lifting motion, and water entering the transition cylinder is pressed into the sample storage cylinder;
s3: repeating the step S2 to finish water sampling at a plurality of different depths;
s4: after the supporting table lands, starting an adjusting component, driving the sampling table to reach a required position by the adjusting component, starting one of the second sampling components, and collecting sediment at the position;
s5: and repeating the step S4 to finish sediment sampling at a plurality of different points.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a special sampling structure for the shallow sea, which solves the problems that the existing sampling equipment has single function, can only collect water samples or sediments respectively, cannot perform multipoint sampling in one operation and is time-consuming and labor-consuming.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view in cross section of a first acquisition structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the drive assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view in elevation of a second acquisition structure of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a front view partially in section of a second sampling assembly of the present invention.
The figures are labeled as follows:
100-supporting table.
200-first acquisition structure, 201-fixing frame, 202-driving component, 203-first sampling component, 204-hanging ring, 205-outer cylinder, 206-inner cylinder, 207-cover plate A, 208-transition cylinder, 209-piston, 210-cover plate B, 211-transition rod, 212-sample storage cylinder, 213-pressure relief port, 214-conveying pipe, 215-sample outlet, 216-belt pulley A, 217-belt pulley B, 218-auxiliary part A, 219-auxiliary part B, 220-cable, 221-driving electric push rod, 222-supporting frame, 223-translation block, 224-main rod, 225-auxiliary rod and 226-spring.
300-second collection structure, 301-adjusting assembly, 302-sampling platform, 303-second sampling assembly, 304-counterweight assembly, 305-supporting plate, 306-rotating rod, 307-transmission gear A, 308-adjusting motor, 309-transmission gear B, 310-fixed frame, 311-adjusting rod, 312-adjusting gear A, 313-adjusting gear B, 314-protection cylinder, 315-lifting electric push rod, 316-lifting plate, 317-sampling motor, 318-spiral sampling knife, 319-supporting ring, 320-flat plate, 321-counterweight block, 322-counterweight electric push rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a multifunctional sampling device for a shallow sea beach comprises a supporting table 100, a first collecting structure 200 positioned above the supporting table 100 and used for collecting water samples with different depths, and a second collecting structure 300 used for collecting sediment samples with different points.
As shown in fig. 3, the first collecting structure 200 includes a fixing frame 201 coaxially disposed with the supporting table 100, four fixing holes for mounting an outer cylinder 205 are formed in the fixing frame 201, four driving assemblies 202 are mounted on the fixing frame 201 and circumferentially distributed around a central axis of the fixing frame 201, four first sampling assemblies 203 are mounted on the fixing frame 201 and in one-to-one correspondence with the driving assemblies 202, and the first sampling assemblies 203 complete water sampling under the action of the driving assemblies 202.
A pair of hanging rings 204 for installing the wire ropes are installed at the top of the fixing frame 201.
The first sampling assembly 203 comprises an outer cylinder 205 installed on a fixed frame 201 and provided with a through hole A at the top, an inner cylinder 206 installed on the through hole A, a cover plate A207 hinged with the top of the inner cylinder 206 at one end, a transition cylinder 208 installed on the top of the outer cylinder 205, a piston 209 movably installed in the transition cylinder 208, a through hole B arranged on the piston 209, a cover plate B210 hinged with the through hole B at one end, a transition rod 211 with the lower end penetrating out of the transition cylinder 208 through the other end and installed on the piston 209 through a bracket, and a sample storage cylinder 212 installed on the fixed frame 201 and communicated with the transition cylinder 208 through a conveying pipe 214.
The top of the transition barrel 208 is provided with a pressure relief opening 213, a first valve is arranged on the pressure relief opening 213, a second valve is arranged on the conveying pipe 214, a sample outlet 215 is arranged on the sample storage barrel 212, and a third valve is arranged on the sample outlet 215.
The first sampling assembly 203 forms a closed space through the piston 209, the transition cylinder 208, the cover plate A207 and the cover plate B210, and the first sampling assembly 203 drives the piston 209 to move up and down under the action of the driving assembly 202, so that the pressure in the closed space is changed, and water at the position is introduced into the transition cylinder 208 and is pressed into the sample storage cylinder 212, so that the sampling work is completed.
As shown in fig. 4, the driving assembly 202 includes a pulley a216 rotatably mounted on the top of the fixing frame 201 and perpendicular to the fixing frame 201, a pulley B217 rotatably mounted on the top of the fixing frame 201 and parallel to the fixing frame 201, an auxiliary member a218 mounted on the top of the fixing frame 201, an auxiliary member B219 mounted on the fixing frame 201 through a support and located below the auxiliary member a218, the auxiliary member a218 perpendicular to the auxiliary member B219, the auxiliary member B219 connected to the transition bar 211, a cable 220 having one end mounted on the auxiliary member a218 and the other end sequentially passing through the pulley B217 and the pulley a216 and then mounted on the auxiliary member B219, and a driving electric push rod 221 mounted on the top of the fixing frame 201 and having a telescopic rod connected to the auxiliary member a 218.
The auxiliary piece A218 and the auxiliary piece B219 have the same structure; the auxiliary member A218 comprises a supporting frame 222 mounted on the fixing frame 201, a translation block 223 movably mounted in the supporting frame 222, a main rod 224 mounted on the translation block 223 and positioned at one end of the translation block 223 far away from the cable 220, a subsidiary rod 225 mounted on the translation block 223 and positioned at one end of the translation block 223 near the cable 220, a spring 226 sleeved on the subsidiary shaft and having one end mounted on the translation block 223 and the other end mounted on the supporting frame 222, wherein the end of the subsidiary rod 225 far away from the translation block 223 passes through the supporting frame 222 and is movably mounted on the supporting frame 222; both ends of the cable 220 are connected to the auxiliary poles 225, respectively. The main rod 224 of the auxiliary member B219 is connected to the transition rod 211.
A main hole for the main rod 224 to pass through is arranged in the support frame 222, and the main rod 224 is matched with the main hole in shape; the support frame 222 is internally provided with an auxiliary hole for the auxiliary rod 225 to pass through, and the auxiliary rod 225 is matched with the auxiliary hole in shape; a pair of sliding columns are arranged in the supporting frame 222, sliding grooves matched with the sliding columns in shape are formed in the translation block 223, and the sliding columns are inserted into the sliding grooves.
The piston 209 is driven to move up and down by the driving component 202, and the moving direction is changed by utilizing the two vertically arranged belt pulleys A216 and B217, so that the horizontal movement of the telescopic rod of the driving electric push rod 221 is converted into the vertical movement of the auxiliary rod 225, the translation block 223 and the main rod 224 in the auxiliary piece B219, and the piston 209 is driven to move up and down; meanwhile, the whole driving assembly is prevented from being too high, so that the whole device is easy to topple over when falling in water. The cable 220 is ensured to be always in a straightened state by the springs 226 in the auxiliary piece A218 and the auxiliary piece B219.
When the proper depth is reached, the first valve and the second valve are opened, the driving assembly 202 is started, the electric push rod 221 is driven to move, the main rod 224, the translation block 223 and the auxiliary rod 225 of the auxiliary piece B219 are driven to do lifting movement, water is introduced into the transition barrel 208, the cover plate A207 is closed when the piston 209 does descending movement, the cover plate A207 is opened when the piston 209 does ascending movement, the cover plate B210 is closed, and therefore water in the transition barrel 208 is pressed into the sample storage barrel 212.
As shown in fig. 5, the second collecting structure 300 includes an adjusting assembly 301 mounted on the support table 100, a sampling table 302 rotatably and movably along a radial direction of the support table 100 by the adjusting assembly 301, a plurality of second sampling assemblies 303 mounted on the sampling table 302, a weight assembly 304 for balancing weight and securing vertical falling, and an angle between the weight assembly 304 and the adjusting assembly 301 is 180 °.
The sampling platform 302 is driven to move by the adjusting component 301, the movement track of the sampling platform 302 is a spiral line taking a vertical rod as a central shaft, and the second sampling component 303 moves along with the sampling platform 302, so that multi-point sediment sampling can be realized.
The adjusting assembly 301 includes a support plate 305 installed at the bottom of the fixing frame 201 through a vertical rod, a rotating rod 306 having one end rotatably installed on the support plate 305 through a rolling bearing and the other end rotatably installed on the support table 100 through a rolling bearing, a transmission gear a307 installed on the rotating rod 306, an adjusting motor 308 installed on the support plate 305, a transmission gear B309 installed on an output shaft of the adjusting motor 308 and engaged with the transmission gear a307, a fixing frame 310 installed on the rotating rod 306 through a fixing ring, a pair of guide rails installed in the fixing frame 310, an adjusting rod 311 installed in the fixing frame 310 through a rolling bearing, an adjusting gear a312 installed on the guide rail and screw-coupled with the adjusting rod 311, an adjusting gear B313 installed on the adjusting rod 311 and engaged with the adjusting gear a 312.
The vertical rod is driven to rotate by the adjusting motor 308, the fixed ring, the fixed frame 310, the adjusting gear B313 and the sampling table 302 rotate along with the vertical rod, the adjusting gear B313 is meshed with the adjusting gear A312 to drive the adjusting rod 311 to rotate, and the sampling table 302 moves along the radial direction of the vertical rod, so that different sampling points are reached and preparation is made for sampling.
As shown in fig. 6, the second sampling assembly 303 is distributed over the sampling station 302 along the length of the sampling station 302; the second sampling assembly 303 comprises a protective cylinder 314 mounted at the bottom of the sampling platform 302, a lifting electric push rod 315 mounted in the protective cylinder 314, a lifting plate 316 mounted on a telescopic rod of the lifting electric push rod 315, a sampling motor 317 mounted at the bottom of the lifting plate 316, and a spiral sampling knife 318 mounted on an output shaft of the sampling motor 317.
The second sampling component 303 is used for sampling the seabed sediment, the lifting electric push rod 315 drives the spiral sampling knife 318 to be close to the seabed sediment, and the sampling motor 317 drives the spiral sampling knife 318 to rotate, so that sampling is completed. After the sampling is completed, the lifting electric push rod 315 drives the spiral sampling knife 318 to return to the protection cylinder 314.
The counterweight assembly 304 includes a support ring 319 mounted on the rotating rod 306 and positioned below the second sampling assembly 303, a plate 320 mounted on the support ring 319, a pair of sliding rails mounted at the bottom of the plate 320, a counterweight 321 mounted on the sliding rails, and a counterweight electric push rod 322 mounted at the bottom of the plate 320 and having a telescopic rod connected to the counterweight 321.
The balance weight assembly 304 balances the whole device, so that the center of the whole device is stable, and the whole device can vertically move downwards. The counterweight 321 is driven to move along the radial direction of the vertical rod by the counterweight electric push rod 322, and the balance is ensured by matching with the movement of the sampling table 302.
The invention solves the problems that the existing sampling equipment has single function, can only collect water samples or sediments respectively, can only sample a little by one-time water draining operation, cannot sample multiple points, has low sampling efficiency and wastes time and energy.
The control system of the application adopts the programmable digital control system PLC with stable performance as the control system, realizes the full-automatic control of the first sampling structure and the second sampling structure, and sets up according to actual conditions: driving electric push rod 221 stroke, lifting electric push rod 315 stroke, sampling motor 317 rotation speed and other parameters. The control system has a calibration function, a breakpoint memory function and an arc breakage protection function.
The working principle of the multifunctional sampling device for the shallow sea beach of the invention is as follows:
s1: connecting a steel wire rope on a winch with the hanging ring 204, and placing the device into water through the winch;
s2: when reaching the required depth, one of the first sampling assemblies 203 is started, the driving assembly 202 drives the piston 209 to do lifting motion, and the water entering the transition cylinder 208 is pressed into the sample storage cylinder 212;
s3: repeating the step S2 to finish water sampling at a plurality of different depths;
s4: after the supporting table 100 lands, the adjusting component 301 is started, the adjusting component 301 drives the sampling table 302 to reach a required position, one of the second sampling components 303 is started, and sediment at the position is collected;
s5: and repeating the step S4 to finish sediment sampling at a plurality of different points.
Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional sampling device of shallow sea beach, includes brace table (100), is located brace table (100) top and is used for gathering first collection structure (200) of different degree of depth water samples for gather second collection structure (300) of different some sediment samples, its characterized in that:
the first collection structure (200) comprises a fixing frame (201) which is coaxially arranged with the supporting table (100), a plurality of driving assemblies (202) which are arranged on the fixing frame (201) and circumferentially distributed around the central axis of the fixing frame (201), a plurality of first sampling assemblies (203) which are arranged on the fixing frame (201) and are in one-to-one correspondence with the driving assemblies (202), and the first sampling assemblies (203) finish water sampling under the action of the driving assemblies (202);
the second collection structure (300) comprises an adjusting component (301) arranged on the supporting table (100), a sampling table (302) which can rotate under the action of the adjusting component (301) and can move along the radial direction of the supporting table (100), a plurality of second sampling components (303) arranged on the sampling table (302), a counterweight component (304) used for balancing weight and ensuring vertical falling, and an included angle between the counterweight component (304) and the adjusting component (301) is 180 degrees; the first sampling assembly (203) comprises an outer cylinder (205) which is arranged on a fixed frame (201) and provided with a through hole A at the top, an inner cylinder (206) which is arranged on the through hole A, a cover plate A (207) with one end hinged with the top of the inner cylinder (206), a transition cylinder (208) which is arranged on the top of the outer cylinder (205), a piston (209) which is movably arranged in the transition cylinder (208), a through hole B which is arranged on the piston (209), a cover plate B (210) with one end hinged with the through hole B, a transition rod (211) with the lower end arranged on the piston (209) through a bracket and the other end penetrating through the transition cylinder (208), and a sample storage cylinder (212) which is arranged on the fixed frame (201) and communicated with the transition cylinder (208) through a conveying pipe (214); the top of the transition cylinder (208) is provided with a pressure relief opening (213), the pressure relief opening (213) is provided with a first valve, the conveying pipe (214) is provided with a second valve, the sample storage cylinder (212) is provided with a sample outlet (215), and the sample outlet (215) is provided with a third valve; the driving assembly (202) comprises a belt pulley A (216) which is rotatably arranged at the top of the fixed frame (201) and is perpendicular to the fixed frame (201), a belt pulley B (217) which is rotatably arranged at the top of the fixed frame (201) and is parallel to the fixed frame (201), an auxiliary part A (218) which is arranged at the top of the fixed frame (201), an auxiliary part B (219) which is arranged on the fixed frame (201) through a pillar and is positioned below the auxiliary part A (218), the auxiliary part A (218) is perpendicular to the auxiliary part B (219), the auxiliary part B (219) is connected with a transition rod (211), a cable (220) which is arranged on the auxiliary part A (218) at one end and sequentially passes through the belt pulley B (217) and the belt pulley A (216) at the other end is arranged on the auxiliary part B (219), and a driving electric push rod (221) which is arranged at the top of the fixed frame (201) and is connected with the auxiliary part A (218) through a telescopic rod; the auxiliary piece A (218) and the auxiliary piece B (219) are identical in structure;
the auxiliary piece A (218) comprises a supporting frame (222) arranged on the fixed frame (201), a translation block (223) movably arranged in the supporting frame (222), a main rod (224) arranged on the translation block (223) and positioned at one end of the translation block (223) far away from the cable (220), a spring (226) sleeved on the auxiliary shaft, one end of the main rod (224) far away from the translation block (223) penetrates through the supporting frame (222) and is movably arranged on the supporting frame (222), a secondary rod (225) arranged on the translation block (223) and positioned at one end of the translation block (223) near to the cable (220), and one end of the secondary rod (225) far away from the translation block (223) penetrates through the supporting frame (222) and is movably arranged on the supporting frame (222), and the other end of the secondary rod is arranged on the supporting frame (222);
both ends of the mooring rope (220) are respectively connected with the auxiliary rod (225); the adjusting assembly (301) comprises a supporting plate (305) arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame (201) through a vertical rod, a rotating rod (306) with one end rotatably arranged on the supporting plate (305) through a rolling bearing and the other end rotatably arranged on the supporting table (100) through a rolling bearing, a transmission gear A (307) arranged on the rotating rod (306), an adjusting motor (308) arranged on the supporting plate (305), a transmission gear B (309) arranged on an output shaft of the adjusting motor (308) and meshed with the transmission gear A (307), a fixed frame (310) arranged on the rotating rod (306) through a fixed ring, an adjusting rod (311) arranged in the fixed frame (310) through a rolling bearing, an adjusting gear A (312) which is arranged on the rotating rod (306) in a threaded connection with the adjusting rod (311) and movably arranged in the fixed frame (310), and an adjusting gear B (313) which is arranged on the adjusting rod (311) and meshed with the adjusting gear A (312); the second sampling assembly (303) comprises a protection cylinder (314) arranged at the bottom of the sampling table (302), a lifting electric push rod (315) arranged in the protection cylinder (314), a lifting plate (316) arranged on a telescopic rod of the lifting electric push rod (315), a sampling motor (317) arranged at the bottom of the lifting plate (316), and a spiral sampling knife (318) arranged on an output shaft of the sampling motor (317).
2. A multi-purpose sampling apparatus for a shallow sea beach according to claim 1, in which the weight assembly (304) comprises a support ring (319) mounted on the rotating rod (306) below the second sampling assembly (303), a plate (320) mounted on the support ring (319), and a weight (321) movably mounted on the plate (320).
3. The multifunctional sampling device for the shallow sea beach according to claim 2, wherein a pair of sliding rails are installed at the bottom of the flat plate (320), the balancing weights (321) are installed on the sliding rails, the balancing weight electric push rods (322) are installed on the flat plate (320), and the telescopic rods of the balancing weight electric push rods (322) are connected with the balancing weights (321).
4. A sampling method for the multi-functional sampling device for a shallow sea beach according to claim 3, characterized in that the sampling steps are as follows:
s1: placing the device into water through a winch;
s2: when reaching the required depth, one of the first sampling assemblies (203) is started, the driving assembly (202) drives the piston (209) to do lifting movement, and water entering the transition cylinder (208) is pressed into the sample storage cylinder (212);
s3: repeating the step S2 to finish water sampling at a plurality of different depths;
s4: after the supporting table (100) is landed, an adjusting component (301) is started, the adjusting component (301) drives a sampling table (302) to reach a required position, one of second sampling components (303) is started, and sediment at the position is collected;
s5: and repeating the step S4 to finish sediment sampling at a plurality of different points.
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