CN113883488A - Novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system - Google Patents

Novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113883488A
CN113883488A CN202111258736.5A CN202111258736A CN113883488A CN 113883488 A CN113883488 A CN 113883488A CN 202111258736 A CN202111258736 A CN 202111258736A CN 113883488 A CN113883488 A CN 113883488A
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China
Prior art keywords
steam
heat
unit
phase change
valve
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CN202111258736.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
南文光
朱铭
顾益青
孙后环
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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Priority to CN202111258736.5A priority Critical patent/CN113883488A/en
Publication of CN113883488A publication Critical patent/CN113883488A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/028Steam generation using heat accumulators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00Control systems for steam boilers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/028Control arrangements therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14Thermal energy storage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel cascade phase change heat storage and steam generation system, and belongs to the field of engineering thermophysics. The utility model stores and releases heat through the phase change of the Phase Change Material (PCM), uses a steam drum to separate steam and water and purify the steam, adopts a valve and a one-way valve to control the flow direction of heat-conducting fluid (HTF), detects the temperature and the pressure in the system through a pressure gauge and a thermometer, combines a sensible heat energy storage unit and a latent heat energy storage unit, and the latent heat energy storage unit is formed by connecting a plurality of heat storage subsystems in series, thereby increasing the variety and the quality of the phase change material, further utilizing the heat storage capacity of the phase change material, improving the stability of the system, and realizing the supply of the steam with different outlet temperatures and the heat energy storage of the surplus steam.

Description

Novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of engineering thermophysics, and relates to a novel cascade phase change heat storage and steam generation system.
Background
With the development of national economy, phase change energy storage systems are gradually widely used in various fields such as new energy utilization, metallurgy, nuclear engineering and the like. In recent years, an energy storage system capable of producing high-temperature and high-pressure steam for factories is urgently needed by power plants so as to fully utilize heat resources of the power plants. In the system, when the power plant has extra surplus steam, the energy of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam can be converted into the energy of a phase change medium (molten salt) to be stored; on the contrary, the water can be converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam required by the plant through the energy stored by the phase change medium.
In a traditional molten salt phase change energy storage system, molten salt is driven by a special molten salt pump to exchange heat in a heat exchanger, and heat is stored in a single tank/double tanks. Due to the existence of a special anti-corrosion molten salt pump, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and an anti-freezing system, the system has the defects of large volume, expensive construction, operation and maintenance cost, high operation difficulty and the like. Meanwhile, the heat storage/release capacity of the system strongly depends on the thickness of the thermocline, and the stability is greatly influenced by the inlet and outlet of molten salt, so that the stable operation of the system has certain technical problems.
Chinese patent No. CN 107030292 a, 31/1/2019, entitled steam-water separation structure of steam generator and steam generator thereof. The device comprises a first steam-water separation cylinder and a second steam-water separation cylinder which are arranged in a cylinder body of a steam generator, wherein steam generated in the steam generator flows upwards along the side wall of the second steam-water separation cylinder from the water surface through a first steam through hole of the first steam-water separation cylinder through an air gap and is discharged from a steam outlet; when steam passes through the first steam separation barrel, part of condensed water is attached to the inner wall of the first steam separation barrel and slides into the backflow pipe, the gap between the second steam separation barrel and the barrel wall of the barrel body can improve the steam flow rate and realize secondary steam-water separation, and the bell-mouth-shaped appearance enables steam-water in the steam ascending channel to be fully contacted, so that moisture in the steam is condensed into water drops and falls and flows back under the action of gravity. The device realizes the secondary steam-water separation through two steam-water separation cylinders, thereby reducing the steam water content at the air outlet of the steam generator. However, the device is a pot-shaped device with a large volume, and is installed underground or on the ground, so that the occupied area is large, the flexibility is poor, the installation and use costs are high, and the device is not suitable for occasions with small areas and low cost.
The 5 th year in 2020, Chinese patent with publication number CN 210462964U discloses a steam generator for molten salt energy storage, which comprises a shell assembly, a tube box assembly and a seal head assembly; the shell assembly comprises a cylindrical shell and a tapered shell; the tube box assembly comprises a tube box shell, a layered partition plate and a U-shaped heat exchange tube bundle; the seal head assembly comprises a front seal head and a rear seal head; the two ends of the cylindrical shell are respectively fixedly connected with the large round end and the rear end enclosure of the oblique cone shell in a sealing manner, the small round end of the oblique cone shell is fixed with the tube plate, and the tube plate, the oblique cone shell, the cylindrical shell and the rear end enclosure enclose a shell pass closed cavity; the front end of the tube box shell is welded with a front seal head, a layering partition plate is arranged in a space defined by the tube box shell, the front seal head and the tube plate, a U-shaped heat exchange tube bundle is mounted on the tube plate, and a tube side closed cavity is defined by the front seal head, the tube box shell, the U-shaped heat exchange tube bundle and the tube plate. The steam generator integrates the functions of heat exchange, heat storage and steam-water separation, and is more economical, safer and less in heat loss. However, the device has the disadvantages of complex structure, high processing difficulty, high cost and large occupied area, and brings certain difficulty to practical use.
In 6 days 11/2020, chinese patent with publication number CN 211875977U discloses a phase change heat storage type steam generator, which comprises an inner container and a coil pipe arranged in the inner container, wherein the inner container is filled with a phase change heat storage material, the coil pipe is buried in the phase change heat storage material, a water inlet pipe communicated with the coil pipe is arranged below the coil pipe, an air outlet pipe communicated with the coil pipe is arranged above the coil pipe, the water inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe both extend to the outside of the inner container, water enters the coil pipe from the water inlet pipe, and the water is discharged from the air outlet pipe after being heated and gasified to form steam through the phase change heat storage material in the coil pipe. According to the phase-change heat storage type steam generator, the phase-change heat storage material is used for storing heat and serving as an energy source of the steam generator, and peak staggering utilization of the energy source in time and intensity is achieved. However, the device has a simple structure, so that the device has a single function and lacks flexibility, and the complex requirements in actual industrial production are difficult to meet.
Based on the problems, the utility model aims to design a novel step phase change heat storage system. Compared with the traditional system, the system has the greatest characteristic that an expensive molten salt pump, a heat exchanger and an anti-freezing system are not needed, and the cost is greatly reduced. The utility model not only can provide a phase change heat storage system with low cost and high efficiency, but also can provide technical support for the stable and safe operation of a power plant-factory steam generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the utility model is as follows: the utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a novel phase change heat storage and steam generation system aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model aims to design a novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system. The system includes two sensible heat storage units A, C and one latent heat storage unit B, which is located between sensible heat units a and C, the three units being connected by piping. The sensible heat unit A is connected with an inlet 1 and an outlet 2, which are respectively provided with a valve 1.1 and a valve 1.2, wherein the outlet 2 is additionally provided with a one-way valve 2.1.
The sensible heat unit C is connected with two pipelines of an outlet 1 and an inlet 2, and is respectively provided with valves 1.13 and 1.12. The latent heat energy storage unit B is formed by connecting a plurality of heat storage subsystems in series, the heat storage subsystems are connected with a closed loop, and a steam drum 3, a one-way valve 2.2 and a valve 1.3 are arranged between the loop and the unit A; between the circuit and the unit C there are a pressure gauge 7 and a temperature gauge 8.
When the system is used for generating high-quality steam, liquid water serving as heat-conducting fluid (HTF) enters the sensible heat energy storage unit A from the inlet 1 through the valve 1.1 for preheating, then is evaporated into steam in the latent heat energy storage unit B, the steam is purified and subjected to steam-water separation through the steam drum 3, and the steam with higher quality enters the sensible heat unit C through the valve 1.11, the thermometer 8 and the pressure gauge 7 in sequence for overheating and is finally output from the outlet 1 through the valve 1.13. The water separated from the steam pocket enters the latent heat unit B again through the one-way valve 2.2 and the valve 1.3 to be heated and boiled until high-quality steam is generated.
When surplus steam needs to store heat, the surplus steam is introduced from the inlet 2, enters the sensible heat unit C through the valve 1.12, enters the latent heat unit B through the pressure gauge, the 7 thermometer 8 and the valve 1.10 in sequence for condensation, enters the sensible heat unit A through the valve 1.6 for cooling, and is finally discharged from the outlet 2 through the one-way valve 2.1 and the valve 1.2.
In the utility model, the sensible heat units A and C are both provided with a plurality of parallel pipelines, and the outside of the pipelines is provided with the heat insulation material 4.
In the utility model, the steam pocket is a cylindrical container, the upper part of the steam pocket is provided with a baffle plate, the baffle plate is provided with uniform holes, and the lower part of the steam pocket is provided with a buoy.
In the utility model, the heat storage subsystem is formed by connecting a plurality of pipelines in parallel, and the phase-change material is arranged outside the pipelines. Each heat storage subsystem is provided with an independent inlet and outlet valve.
Has the advantages that: the utility model combines a sensible heat energy storage device and a latent heat energy storage device, and greatly improves the applicability of the system through the design of the connecting pipeline between the sensible heat units and the latent heat units. In the system, when extra surplus steam exists, the energy of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam can be converted into the energy of a phase change medium (such as molten salt) to be stored; on the contrary, the water can be converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam required by the plant through the energy stored by the phase change medium. The latent heat energy storage unit can further utilize the heat storage capacity of the molten salt through cascade phase change, the stability of the system is improved, and the supply of steam with different outlet temperatures can be realized.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the utility model will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the utility model when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a valve 1.1-1.13, check valves 2.1 and 2.2, a steam drum 3, a heat insulation material 4, phase change materials 5 and 6, a pressure gauge 7 and a thermometer 8.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an alternative thermal storage subsystem.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
The utility model discloses a novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system, which is shown in figure 1. The system includes two sensible heat storage units A, C and one latent heat storage unit B, which is located between sensible heat units a and C, the three units being connected by piping. The sensible heat unit A is connected with an inlet 1 and an outlet 2, which are respectively provided with a valve 1.1 and a valve 1.2, wherein the outlet 2 is additionally provided with a one-way valve 2.1. The sensible heat unit C is connected with two pipelines of an outlet 1 and an inlet 2, and is respectively provided with valves 1.13 and 1.12. The latent heat energy storage unit B is formed by connecting a plurality of heat storage subsystems in series, the heat storage subsystems are connected with a closed loop, and a steam drum 3, a one-way valve 2.2 and a valve 1.3 are arranged between the loop and the unit A; between the circuit and the unit C there are a pressure gauge 7 and a temperature gauge 8.
In this embodiment, the steam pocket is cylindrical container, and the top is the baffle, and the baffle is equipped with even trompil, and the below is the buoy. The baffles increase the steam passage resistance. The air cushion is formed below the pore plate, so that steam can uniformly escape from each pore, when the steam quality is poor, redundant moisture can form water drops below the plate surface, and the water drops are gathered and finally flow back to the latent heat unit through the loop, so that the quality of the generated steam is guaranteed.
In this embodiment, the check valve 2.1 is used to prevent the fluid in the inlet 1 or the sensible heat unit a from flowing backwards, and the check valve 2.2 is used to prevent the fluid in the system from directly entering the steam drum.
In this embodiment, the heat insulating materials 4 of the sensible heat energy storage units a and C are both made of concrete with heat insulating cotton, the heat insulating cotton is used for preventing heat loss, and the concrete is a porous medium and has good heat storage capacity. And the concrete can prevent thermal shock caused by the condition that cold water directly enters the latent heat energy storage module B and the like, and the phase change system can be more stable due to the preheating or cooling effect of the concrete.
In this embodiment, the heat storage subsystem is formed by connecting a plurality of pipelines in parallel, and phase change materials are arranged outside the pipelines. Each heat storage subsystem is provided with an independent inlet and outlet valve. The heat storage subsystem can also replace the alternative scheme shown in FIG. 2 according to actual requirements, and the flexibility meets the actual requirements.
The working process is as follows:
when the system is used for generating high-quality steam, liquid water serving as heat-conducting fluid (HTF) enters the sensible heat energy storage unit A from the inlet 1 through the valve 1.1 for preheating, then is evaporated into steam in the latent heat energy storage unit B, the steam is purified and subjected to steam-water separation through the steam drum 3, and the steam with higher quality enters the sensible heat unit C through the valve 1.11, the thermometer 8 and the pressure gauge 7 in sequence for overheating and is finally output from the outlet 1 through the valve 1.13. The water separated from the steam pocket enters the latent heat unit B again through the one-way valve 2.2 and the valve 1.3 to be heated and boiled until high-quality steam is generated.
When surplus steam needs to store heat, the surplus steam is introduced from the inlet 2, enters the sensible heat unit C through the valve 1.12, enters the latent heat unit B through the pressure gauge, the 7 thermometer 8 and the valve 1.10 in sequence for condensation, enters the sensible heat unit A through the valve 1.6 for cooling, and is finally discharged from the outlet 2 through the one-way valve 2.1 and the valve 1.2.
When the supply steam with different outlet temperatures is needed, the phase change materials 5 and 6 in the latent heat energy storage unit B can be adjusted to be phase change materials (such as molten salt) with different qualities and types according to actual requirements. It should be noted that there may be more than one heat storage subsystem in latent heat energy storage unit B, and only 2 are illustrated in fig. 1. The supply of steam with different outlet temperatures is realized through inlet and outlet valves 1.4, 1.5, 1.7 and 1.8 of the heat storage subsystem, and the flexibility and the applicability of the system are improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a novel step phase transition heat-retaining and steam generation system which characterized in that: the system comprises two sensible heat energy storage units (A) and (C) and a latent heat energy storage unit (B), wherein the latent heat unit (B) is positioned between the sensible heat units (A) and (C), and the three units are connected through a pipeline.
2. Sensible heat unit (a) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the unit is connected with an inlet (1) and an outlet (2) which are respectively provided with a valve (1.1) and a valve (1.2), wherein the outlet (2) is additionally provided with a one-way valve (2.1).
3. Sensible heat unit (C) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the unit is connected with two pipelines of an outlet (1) and an inlet (2), and valves (1.13) and (1.12) are respectively arranged on the two pipelines.
4. Sensible heat units (a) and (C) according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of parallel pipelines are arranged, and heat insulation materials (4) are arranged outside the pipelines.
5. Latent heat energy storage unit (B) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the unit is formed by connecting a plurality of heat storage subsystems in series, the heat storage subsystems are connected with a closed loop, and a steam drum (3), a one-way valve (2.2) and a valve (1.3) are arranged between the loop and the unit (A); a pressure gauge (7) and a temperature gauge (8) are arranged between the loop and the unit (C).
6. Steam drum (3) according to claim 5, wherein: the steam pocket is a cylindrical container, the upper part is a baffle plate, the baffle plate is provided with uniform holes, and the lower part is a buoy.
7. The thermal storage subsystem of claim 5, wherein: the heat storage subsystems are formed by connecting a plurality of pipelines in parallel, phase-change materials are arranged outside the pipelines, and each heat storage subsystem is provided with an independent inlet and outlet valve.
CN202111258736.5A 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system Pending CN113883488A (en)

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CN202111258736.5A CN113883488A (en) 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111258736.5A CN113883488A (en) 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Novel step phase change heat storage and steam generation system

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102162636A (en) * 2011-04-11 2011-08-24 中国科学院电工研究所 High-temperature heat storage and evaporation integrated device
CN102777874A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-11-14 郑州大学 Phase change heat accumulation system for generating steam directly and preparation method of phase change heat accumulation agent
CN104266523A (en) * 2013-05-22 2015-01-07 上海工电能源科技有限公司 Phase change heat storage device, solar heat utilization system employing same and operating mode of solar heat utilization system
US20150219403A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2015-08-06 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Ene Alt Steam heat storage system
CN105627799A (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-06-01 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 Stepped heat storage system and stepped heat storage method
CN108709176A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-10-26 国电龙源节能技术有限公司 Compound storage suitable for peaking generation takes hot systems and method
CN211976849U (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-11-20 河北化工医药职业技术学院 Steam distribution bag structure

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102162636A (en) * 2011-04-11 2011-08-24 中国科学院电工研究所 High-temperature heat storage and evaporation integrated device
US20150219403A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2015-08-06 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Ene Alt Steam heat storage system
CN102777874A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-11-14 郑州大学 Phase change heat accumulation system for generating steam directly and preparation method of phase change heat accumulation agent
CN104266523A (en) * 2013-05-22 2015-01-07 上海工电能源科技有限公司 Phase change heat storage device, solar heat utilization system employing same and operating mode of solar heat utilization system
CN105627799A (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-06-01 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 Stepped heat storage system and stepped heat storage method
CN108709176A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-10-26 国电龙源节能技术有限公司 Compound storage suitable for peaking generation takes hot systems and method
CN211976849U (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-11-20 河北化工医药职业技术学院 Steam distribution bag structure

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