CN113882432B - Rapid construction method for assembled top plate of small-area deep shaft - Google Patents
Rapid construction method for assembled top plate of small-area deep shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN113882432B CN113882432B CN202111022259.2A CN202111022259A CN113882432B CN 113882432 B CN113882432 B CN 113882432B CN 202111022259 A CN202111022259 A CN 202111022259A CN 113882432 B CN113882432 B CN 113882432B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid construction method for an assembled top plate of a small-area deep shaft, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of pouring a shaft bottom plate, erecting a scaffold and a side wall template, pouring a shaft side wall, pouring a top plate truss, dismantling the scaffold and the template, prefabricating and hoisting a top plate lower layer and pouring a top plate upper layer. According to the construction method, the time for removing the scaffold and the template in the well is adjusted, the scaffold and the template in the well are removed before the top plate is constructed, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction period is shortened. Meanwhile, the top plate is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the lower layer is provided with a plurality of precast concrete plates, the upper layer is provided with a cast-in-place concrete plate, and a top plate bottom die and a scaffold are not required to be erected during the construction of the top plate, so that the construction is simpler and more convenient. Further, pour the gap between the bottom plate lower floor piecemeal and the clearance between lower floor's piecemeal and the side wall when pouring the roof upper strata, be a whole with roof upper and lower floor and shaft side wall even, further guaranteed shaft structure's wholeness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal construction, and particularly relates to a rapid construction method for an assembled top plate of a small-area deep shaft.
Background
The vertical shaft is a well-shaped pipeline with an upright hole wall. The plane outline is square, long strip or round. The shaft is widely used in water intaking, water diversion, ventilating and exhausting, maintenance and the like in municipal construction. The construction of the vertical shaft has the characteristics of small occupied area, less interference on the construction of the periphery and the like. However, the construction space of the vertical shaft is small, the climbing and the side-facing operation are more, and the passage is inconvenient, which brings difficulty to the construction of the vertical shaft and results in long construction period of the vertical shaft. The shafts may be classified according to their diameter, cross-sectional shape, depth, etc.
A small area deeper shaft is typically a shaft structure with a diameter or side length of 4m to 15m and a depth of more than 15 m. It is generally necessary to provide a top plate and reserve an inspection hole with the diameter or the side length of 1m-2m on the top plate. For example, the inspection well arranged in the deep tunnel project of the north lake in Wuhan City has the diameter of 8m-10m and the depth of 40 m.
When a small-area deep shaft is constructed, if a prefabricated shaft top plate is used, the structural integrity of the shaft cannot be ensured generally; the conventional practice is to use a reinforced concrete cast-in-place integral structure. The conventional construction process comprises the following steps: 1. excavating a shaft foundation pit, wherein the step is not needed if the shaft is of an overground structure; 2. pouring a shaft bottom plate; 3. erecting a scaffold and a side wall template, and pouring a side wall of the vertical shaft; 4. dismantling the side wall template; 5. erecting a top plate template and pouring a top plate; 6. and (5) dismantling the scaffold and the template.
When the side wall and the top plate are cast in place, a scaffold and a formwork need to be erected in the well, and the top plate formwork and the scaffold need to be dismantled after the top plate is poured. As only the inspection holes with the diameter or the side length of 1m-2m are usually reserved on the top plate, the scaffold in the well is generally built by steel pipes with the length of 3m-4m, and the template is generally rectangular with the length of 1m-2m and the width of 70mm-80mm, the scaffold and the template are difficult to remove and transport, and the construction period is long. Therefore, a rapid construction method is needed in practical engineering to reduce the construction difficulty and shorten the construction period.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the limitation or improvement requirement of the prior art, the invention provides a rapid construction method for an assembled top plate of a small-area deep shaft, and aims to solve the problems that the scaffold and the template are difficult to remove and transport and the construction period is long due to the fact that the shaft top plate is poured and then the scaffold and the template in the shaft are removed when a cast-in-place shaft top plate is used in the prior art. Meanwhile, the rapid construction method aims to solve the problem that the prefabricated vertical shaft top plate cannot meet the requirement on building integrity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a rapid construction method for an assembled roof of a small-area deep shaft comprises the following steps:
s1, pouring a shaft bottom plate, erecting a scaffold and a side wall template and pouring a shaft side wall, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, pouring a shaft bottom plate; then, on the basis of a shaft bottom plate, a scaffold is built from bottom to top and a shaft side wall template is supported; then pouring concrete for the side wall of the vertical shaft;
s2, pouring a roof truss, specifically: binding a roof truss steel bar by using the scaffold erected in the step S1, and erecting a roof truss template; pouring concrete into the top plate truss to enable the top plate truss to be lapped on the side wall of the vertical shaft, wherein the upper surface of the top plate truss is flush with the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft, and curing the concrete of the top plate truss until the required strength is achieved;
s3, dismantling the scaffold and the template, specifically: sequentially dismantling the scaffolds and the templates erected in the step S1 and the step S2 in the shaft and hoisting the scaffolds and the templates out of the shaft; at the moment, a vertical shaft top plate is not installed, so that the dismounting and hoisting are more convenient, the construction difficulty can be greatly reduced, and the construction period is saved;
s4, prefabricating and hoisting a lower layer of the top plate, specifically: constructing a vertical shaft top plate after removing the scaffold and the template in the vertical shaft; prefabricating the lower layer of the top plate by using concrete according to a design drawing, placing the lower layer of the top plate above the top plate truss and the vertical shaft side wall through a crane, enabling the lower layer of the top plate to be lapped on the upper surface of the vertical shaft side wall, and meanwhile enabling a gap to be reserved between the lower layer of the top plate and the outer side surface of the vertical shaft side wall; according to the method, the vertical shaft top plate is divided into the top plate lower layer and the top plate upper layer for separate construction, the top plate lower layer adopts the precast concrete plate, a top plate template and a scaffold do not need to be built, the problem that the template and the scaffold need to be dismantled after the vertical shaft top plate is constructed is solved, and the construction difficulty is further reduced;
s5, pouring the upper layer of the top plate, specifically: binding steel bars on the upper layer of the top plate above the positioned lower layer of the top plate, pouring concrete into the upper layer of the top plate and gaps between the lower layer of the top plate and the side walls of the vertical shaft to integrate the upper layer of the top plate, the lower layer of the top plate and the side walls of the vertical shaft, and maintaining the concrete until the required strength is achieved; the cast-in-place roof upper strata, the clearance between cast-in-place roof lower floor and the shaft side wall can make roof upper strata, roof lower floor and shaft side wall form a whole simultaneously, guarantees the wholeness of building.
Preferably, the lapping width of the lower layer of the top plate lapped on the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft is not less than 100mm, and the width of the gap between the lower layer of the top plate and the outer side surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft is not less than 250 mm.
Preferably, when the section of the vertical shaft is a circle with the diameter not more than 10m or a square with the side length not more than 10m, the top plate truss is a single-span concrete beam; the number of the single-span concrete beams is at least 1, and two ends of each single-span concrete beam are respectively connected with the side wall of the vertical shaft; the upper surface of the single span concrete beam is flush with the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft.
Preferably, the cross section of the single-span concrete beam is rectangular, the width of the cross section is 500mm-800mm, and the height of the cross section is 600mm-900 mm; the cross section size of the single-span concrete beam can be calculated according to the load borne by the single-span concrete beam, meanwhile, the cross section size of the single-span concrete beam is inversely related to the number of the single-span concrete beams, and under the condition of bearing the same load, the larger the number of the single-span concrete beams is, the smaller the size of the single-span concrete beams is.
Preferably, when the section of the vertical shaft is a circle with the diameter larger than 10m or a square with the side length larger than 10m, the top plate truss is of a truss structure with an inclined beam supporting system; the upper part of the truss structure with the oblique beam supporting system is a truss structure beam which is horizontally arranged; the truss structure beam consists of a truss structure main beam and a truss structure secondary beam which is vertically crossed with the truss structure main beam; the truss structure beam is positioned below the vertical shaft top plate and used for supporting the vertical shaft top plate; an oblique beam supporting system is arranged below the cross beam of the truss structure; the inclined beam supporting system is composed of a plurality of truss structure inclined beams, each truss structure inclined beam is positioned under the truss structure secondary beam, and two truss structure inclined beams are supported under each truss structure secondary beam; one end of each truss structure oblique beam is connected to the intersection of the truss structure main beam and the truss structure secondary beam, the other end of each truss structure oblique beam is supported on the side wall of the vertical shaft, and each truss structure oblique beam, the truss structure secondary beam and the wall surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees; when the cross section of the vertical shaft is large, the span of the cross beams of the truss structure is large, so that the bending moment borne by the cross beams is large, each secondary beam of the truss structure is supported by additionally arranging the oblique beams, the bearing capacity of the truss structure is improved, and the stress safety of the truss structure is ensured.
Preferably, the sections of the main beam and the secondary beam of the truss structure with the oblique beam supporting system are rectangular, the width of the truss structure is 500-800 mm, and the height of the truss structure is 600-900 mm; the cross section of the truss structure oblique beam is square, and the side length of the square is equal to the width of the cross section of the truss structure secondary beam supported by the square.
Preferably, the thickness of the lower layer of the top plate is 50% -80% of the total thickness of the designed top plate, and the thickness of the upper layer of the top plate is 50% -20% of the total thickness of the designed top plate.
Preferably, the lower layer of the top plate and the upper layer of the top plate are both provided with inspection holes.
Preferably, the inspection holes arranged on the lower layer and the upper layer of the top plate have the same specification and are both circular with the diameter of 1m-2m or square with the side length of 1m-2 m; and the positions of the inspection holes arranged on the lower layer of the top plate and the upper layer of the top plate are the same, so that the inspection holes arranged on the lower layer of the top plate and the upper layer of the top plate are connected into a through hole.
The invention provides a rapid construction method for an assembled top plate of a small-area deep shaft, and aims to further solve the problem that the prefabricated shaft top plate cannot meet the requirement on building integrity. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
preferably, step S4 further includes: splitting the top plate lower layer into a plurality of top plate lower layer blocks, and individually prefabricating and hoisting each top plate lower layer block; specifically, the structure and number of the roof lower-layer blocks are related to the structure of the roof truss: when the roof truss is a single-span concrete beam, splitting the roof lower layer into a plurality of first roof lower layer blocks; the number of the lower-layer blocks of the first top plate is equal to the number of space grids enclosed between the single-span concrete beam and the side wall of the vertical shaft; the lower layer of the first top plate is lapped on the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft in a partitioning manner and is also lapped on the upper surface of the single-span concrete beam; the width of the lower layer of the first top plate, which is lapped on the upper surface of the single-span concrete beam in a partitioning manner, is not less than 100mm, and the width of the lower layer of the first top plate, which is lapped above the side wall of the vertical shaft, is not less than 100 mm; when the top plate truss is in a truss structure with an oblique beam supporting system, splitting the lower layer of the top plate into a plurality of second top plate lower layer blocks, wherein the number of the second top plate lower layer blocks is equal to the number of space grids enclosed among the truss structure main beam, the truss structure secondary beam and the side wall of the vertical shaft; the lower layer of the second top plate is lapped on the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft in a partitioning manner and is also lapped on the upper surfaces of the truss structure main beam and the truss structure secondary beam; the width of the lower layer of the second top plate, which is lapped on the upper surface of the truss structure main beam or the truss structure secondary beam in a partitioning manner, is not less than 100mm, and the width of the lower layer of the second top plate, which is lapped above the side wall of the vertical shaft, is not less than 100 mm; further, gaps with the width not less than 100mm are reserved among the lower-layer blocks of the first top plates or among the lower-layer blocks of the second top plates, and the lower-layer blocks of the first top plates or the lower-layer blocks of the second top plates are connected through the in-plate steel bars of the blocks; a gap with the width not smaller than 250mm is reserved between the lower layer of the top plate and the outer side face of the shaft side wall, and the lower layer of the top plate and the shaft side wall are connected through the in-plate steel bars of the lower layer blocks of the first top plate or the lower layer blocks of the second top plate and the steel bars of the outer side face of the shaft side wall.
Preferably, step S5 further includes simultaneously casting a gap between the first roof lower section or the second roof lower section. The gap between the lower layer of the top plate and the side wall of the vertical shaft is poured while the concrete on the upper layer of the top plate is poured, and the gap between the blocks on the lower layer of the top plate is formed, so that the upper layer of the top plate of the vertical shaft, the lower layer of the top plate and the side wall of the vertical shaft form a whole by utilizing the cast-in-place concrete, and the integrity of the building is further enhanced.
According to the rapid construction method for the assembled top plate of the small-area deep shaft, the scaffold and the template in the shaft are dismantled before the top plate is constructed by adjusting the dismantling time of the scaffold and the template in the shaft, so that the construction difficulty is greatly reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, by adjusting the structural form of the top plate and adopting a prefabricated structure, the top plate is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the lower layer is a prefabricated concrete plate, the upper layer is a cast-in-place concrete plate, a top plate bottom die and a scaffold do not need to be erected, the problem that the top plate bottom die and the scaffold need to be dismantled after the top plate is constructed is solved, and the construction difficulty is further reduced; simultaneously, the lower layer of the top plate is prefabricated, and the upper layer of the top plate is cast in situ, so that the construction period can be shortened, and the integrity of the vertical shaft structure is kept.
Furthermore, the rapid construction method for the assembled top plate of the small-area deep shaft provided by the invention has the advantages that the lower layer of the top plate is divided into a plurality of blocks which are prefabricated respectively, gaps are reserved between the blocks of the lower layer of the top plate and the side wall of the shaft during construction, and the gaps are poured at the same time when the upper layer of the top plate is poured, so that the integrity of the building is further enhanced.
The rapid construction method for the fabricated roof of the small-area deep shaft is suitable for the small-area deep shaft below the ground and the small-area deep shaft above the ground. When the method is used for a small-area deep shaft below the ground, a process of excavating a shaft foundation pit is implemented before the method is implemented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan view of a deep shaft with a small area according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of a deep shaft with a small area according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a detailed view of truss nodes of a shaft top plate and a shaft side wall, and a shaft top plate and a top plate of a small-area deep shaft according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a plan view of a deep shaft with a small area according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a deep shaft with a small area according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a detailed view of truss nodes of a shaft top plate and a shaft side wall, and a shaft top plate and a top plate of a small-area deep shaft according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the drawings correspond to the structures: the structure comprises a vertical shaft bottom plate, a vertical shaft side wall, a single-span concrete beam, a top plate lower layer, a top plate upper layer, a truss structure main beam, a truss structure secondary beam, a truss structure oblique beam, a first top plate lower layer block, a second top plate lower layer block and an inspection hole, wherein the vertical shaft bottom plate is 1, the vertical shaft side wall is 2, the single-span concrete beam is 3, the top plate lower layer is 4, the top plate upper layer is 5, the truss structure main beam is 6, the truss structure secondary beam is 7, the truss structure oblique beam is 8, the first top plate lower layer block is 9, the second top plate lower layer block is 10, and the inspection hole is 11.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art, are within the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 shows a plan view of a deep shaft with a small area according to a first embodiment of the invention; fig. 3 is a sectional view of a small-area deep shaft according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 shows a detailed view of truss nodes of the top plate and the side walls of the vertical shaft, and the top plate of the vertical shaft with a small area and a deep vertical shaft according to the first embodiment of the present invention; to better explain the method for quickly constructing the fabricated roof of the small-area deep shaft provided by the embodiment of the invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for quickly constructing a fabricated roof of a small-area deep shaft according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, pouring a shaft bottom plate, erecting a scaffold and a side wall template and pouring a shaft side wall:
firstly, pouring a shaft bottom plate 1; then, on the basis of the shaft bottom plate 1, a scaffold is built from bottom to top and a shaft side wall 2 template is supported; the shaft side wall 2 is then cast with concrete.
S2, pouring a top plate truss:
when the top plate truss is the single-span concrete beam, the single-span concrete beam 3 steel bars of the top plate truss are bound by the scaffold erected in the step S1, the single-span concrete beam 3 template is erected, the single-span concrete beam 3 concrete is poured, and the single-span concrete beam 3 concrete is maintained until the required strength is achieved. As shown in fig. 2 to 3, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the inner cross section of the shaft is a circular shape with a diameter of 10m, the thickness of the shaft side wall 2 is 700mm, the number of the single-span concrete beams 3 of the top plate truss is two, the cross section is a rectangle, the width is 500mm, the height is 700mm, and the upper surface of the single-span concrete beam 3 is flush with the upper surface of the shaft side wall 2.
S3, dismantling the scaffold and the template:
sequentially dismantling the scaffolds and the templates erected in the step S1 and the step S2 in the shaft and hoisting the scaffolds and the templates out of the shaft; at the moment, the vertical shaft top plate is not installed, so that the dismounting and the hoisting are more convenient, and the construction period is saved.
S4, prefabricating and hoisting the lower layer of the top plate:
constructing a vertical shaft top plate after removing the scaffold and the template in the vertical shaft; the top plate of the vertical shaft is divided into a top plate lower layer 4 and a top plate upper layer 5, wherein the top plate lower layer 4 is a precast concrete plate, and the top plate upper layer 5 is a cast-in-place concrete plate; and prefabricating the top plate lower layer 4 by using concrete according to a design drawing and placing the top plate lower layer 4 above the single-span concrete beam 3 and the shaft side wall 2 through a crane. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the top board lower layer 4 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is composed of three first top board lower layer blocks 9, and the thickness of each first top board lower layer block 9 is 350 mm; each first top plate lower layer block 9 is lapped on the single-span concrete beam 3 and the vertical shaft side wall 2, the width of the lower layer block lapped on the single-span concrete beam 3 is 100mm, and the width of the lower layer block lapped on the vertical shaft side wall 2 is 100 mm; gaps with the width of 300mm are reserved among the first top plate lower layer blocks 9, and the first top plate lower layer blocks 9 are connected through the in-plate steel bars thereof; a gap with the width of 600mm is reserved between the first top plate lower layer block 9 and the outer side face of the shaft side wall 2, and the first top plate lower layer block 9 is connected with the shaft side wall 2 through the in-plate steel bars of the first top plate lower layer block 9 and the steel bars on the outer side face of the shaft side wall 2. An inspection hole 11 with the diameter of 1m is arranged on one of the first top plate lower layer blocks 9.
S5, pouring the top plate upper layer 5:
and binding reinforcing steel bars of the upper layer 5 of the top plate on the lower layer block 9 of the first top plate which is in place, pouring concrete of the upper layer 5 of the top plate, and simultaneously pouring gaps among the lower layer blocks 9 of the first top plate and the vertical shaft side walls 2 to enable the upper layer 5 of the top plate, the lower layer 4 of the top plate and the vertical shaft side walls 2 to be a whole, and maintaining the poured concrete until the required strength is reached. As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the top plate upper layer 5 of the first embodiment of the present invention is a circular shape with a diameter of 11.4m, and the thickness of the top plate upper layer 5 is 100 mm; when the top plate upper layer 5 is poured, an inspection hole 11 with the diameter of 1m is reserved, and the position of the inspection hole 11 arranged on the top plate upper layer 5 is the same as that of the inspection hole 11 arranged on the top plate lower layer 4.
Fig. 5 shows a plan view of a deep shaft with a small area according to the second embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a small-area deeper shaft according to the second embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 shows a detailed view of truss nodes of the top plate and the side walls of the vertical shaft, and the top plate of the vertical shaft with a small area and a deep vertical shaft according to the second embodiment of the present invention; the flow of the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the flow of the first embodiment, and fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention; to better explain the rapid construction method of the fabricated roof of the small-area deep shaft provided by the second embodiment of the present invention, the following is detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for quickly constructing a fabricated roof of a small-area deep shaft according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, pouring a shaft bottom plate, erecting a scaffold and a side wall template and pouring a shaft side wall: the detailed description is the same as the first embodiment.
S2, casting a roof truss:
the top plate truss of the second embodiment of the invention is a truss structure with an oblique beam supporting system; when pouring, firstly, the reinforcing steel bars of the truss structure main beam 6, the truss secondary beam 7 and the truss structure inclined beam 8 are bound by the scaffold erected in the step S1, the template of the truss structure main beam 6, the truss secondary beam 7 and the truss structure inclined beam 8 is erected, the concrete of the truss structure main beam 6, the truss secondary beam 7 and the truss structure inclined beam 8 is poured, and the concrete is maintained until the required strength is achieved. As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the inner cross section of the vertical shaft in the second embodiment of the present invention is a square with a side length of 15m, the thickness of the vertical shaft side wall 2 is 800mm, and the top plate truss 3 is a truss structure with an oblique beam support system; the upper part of the truss structure is a truss structure beam which is positioned below the top plate of the vertical shaft and used for supporting the top plate of the vertical shaft; the truss structure beam consists of a truss structure main beam 6 positioned on the center line of the section of the vertical shaft and three truss structure secondary beams 7 vertically crossed with the truss structure main beam 6; the sections of the truss structure main beam 6 and the truss structure secondary beam 7 are rectangular, the width of the truss structure main beam is 800mm, and the height of the truss structure main beam is 900 mm; an oblique beam supporting system is arranged below the truss structure cross beam, the oblique beam supporting system is composed of a plurality of truss structure oblique beams 8, each truss structure oblique beam 8 is positioned under a truss structure secondary beam 7, and two truss structure oblique beams 8 are supported under each truss structure secondary beam 7; one end of each truss structure oblique beam 8 is connected to the intersection of the truss structure main beam 6 and the truss structure secondary beam 7, and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the truss structure secondary beam 7; the other end of each truss structure oblique beam 8 is supported on the vertical shaft side wall 2 and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the wall surface of the vertical shaft side wall 2; the cross section of the truss structure oblique beam 8 is a square with the side length of 800 mm.
S3, dismantling the scaffold and the template: the detailed description is the same as the first embodiment.
S4, prefabricating and hoisting the lower layer of the top plate:
constructing a vertical shaft top plate after removing the scaffold and the template in the vertical shaft; the top plate of the vertical shaft is divided into a top plate lower layer 4 and a top plate upper layer 5, wherein the top plate lower layer 4 is a precast concrete plate, and the top plate upper layer 5 is a cast-in-place concrete plate; and prefabricating the lower layer 4 of the top plate by using concrete according to a design drawing and placing the lower layer 4 of the top plate above the truss structure cross beam and the vertical shaft side wall 2 through a crane. As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the top board lower layer 4 of the second embodiment of the present invention is formed by eight second top board lower layer blocks 10, and the thickness of the second top board lower layer block 10 is 450 mm; each second top plate lower layer block 10 is lapped on the truss structure main beam 6, the truss structure secondary beam 7 and the vertical shaft side wall 2, the width of the lower layer block lapped on the truss structure main beam 6 or the truss structure secondary beam 7 is 350mm, and the width of the lower layer block lapped on the vertical shaft side wall 2 is 550 mm; gaps with the width of 100mm are reserved among the second top plate lower layer blocks 10, and the second top plate lower layer blocks 10 are connected through the in-plate steel bars; leave the width for 250 mm's clearance between the lateral surface of second roof lower floor piecemeal 10 and shaft side wall 2, and second roof lower floor piecemeal 10 and shaft side wall 2 pass through the inboard reinforcing bar of second roof lower floor piecemeal 10 and the lateral surface steel bar connection of shaft side wall 2. An inspection hole 11 with the diameter of 2m is arranged on one of the second top plate lower layer blocks 10.
S5, pouring the top plate upper layer 5:
and binding top plate upper-layer 5 reinforcing steel bars on the second top plate lower-layer blocks 10 which are in place, pouring top plate upper-layer 5 concrete, pouring gaps among the second top plate lower-layer blocks 10 and the shaft side walls 2, enabling the top plate upper-layer 5, the top plate lower-layer 4 and the shaft side walls 2 to form a whole, and maintaining the poured concrete until the required strength is achieved. As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the upper layer 5 of the top plate in the second embodiment of the present invention is a square with a side length of 16.6m, and the thickness of the upper layer 5 of the top plate is 150 mm; when the top plate upper layer 5 is poured, an inspection hole 11 with the diameter of 2m is reserved, and the position of the inspection hole 11 arranged on the top plate upper layer 5 is the same as that of the inspection hole 11 arranged on the top plate lower layer 4.
According to the rapid construction method for the fabricated roof of the small-area deep shaft, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the scaffold and the template in the shaft are removed before the roof is constructed by adjusting the time for removing the scaffold and the template in the shaft, so that the construction difficulty is greatly reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, by adjusting the structural form of the top plate and adopting a prefabricated structure, the top plate is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the lower layer is a prefabricated concrete plate, the upper layer is a cast-in-place concrete plate, a top plate bottom die and a scaffold do not need to be erected, the problem that the top plate bottom die and the scaffold need to be dismantled after the top plate is constructed is solved, and the construction difficulty is further reduced; simultaneously, the lower layer of the top plate is prefabricated, and the upper layer of the top plate is cast in situ, so that the construction period can be shortened, and the integrity of the vertical shaft structure is kept.
Furthermore, according to the rapid construction method for the fabricated roof of the small-area deep shaft provided by the embodiment of the invention, the lower layer of the roof is divided into a plurality of blocks to be prefabricated respectively, gaps are reserved between the blocks of the lower layer of the roof and the side walls of the shaft during construction, and the gaps are poured at the same time when the upper layer of the roof is poured, so that the integrity of the building is further enhanced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rapid construction method for an assembled roof of a small-area deep shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pouring a shaft bottom plate, erecting a scaffold and a shaft side wall template and pouring a shaft side wall;
s2, binding top plate truss steel bars and supporting top plate truss templates by using the scaffold, pouring a top plate truss by using concrete, overlapping the top plate truss on the side wall of the vertical shaft, enabling the upper surface of the top plate truss to be flush with the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft, and maintaining the concrete of the top plate truss until the required strength is achieved;
s3, sequentially dismantling the scaffold, the vertical shaft side wall formwork and the top plate truss formwork and hoisting the scaffold, the vertical shaft side wall formwork and the top plate truss formwork out of the vertical shaft, and then implementing the step S4;
s4, prefabricating the lower layer of the top plate by using concrete, and placing the lower layer of the top plate above the top plate truss and the vertical shaft side wall through a crane, so that the lower layer of the top plate is lapped on the upper surface of the vertical shaft side wall, and a gap is reserved between the lower layer of the top plate and the outer side surface of the vertical shaft side wall;
and S5, binding steel bars on the upper layer of the top plate above the lower layer of the top plate, pouring the upper layer of the top plate by using concrete, pouring a gap between the lower layer of the top plate and the outer side surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft, and maintaining the concrete until the required strength is reached.
2. The fabricated roof rapid construction method according to claim 1, wherein when the section of the shaft is a circle having a diameter of not more than 10m or a square having a side length of not more than 10m, the roof truss is a single span concrete beam; the number of the single-span concrete beams is at least 1, two ends of each single-span concrete beam are respectively connected with the side wall of the vertical shaft, and the upper surface of each single-span concrete beam is flush with the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft.
3. The rapid construction method of fabricated roof as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S4 further comprises: splitting the top plate lower layer into a plurality of first top plate lower layer blocks, and individually prefabricating and hoisting each first top plate lower layer block; the number of the lower-layer blocks of the first top plate is the number of space grids enclosed between the single-span concrete beam and the side wall of the vertical shaft; the lower layer of the first top plate is lapped on the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft in a partitioning manner and is also lapped on the upper surface of the single-span concrete beam; the width of the lower layer blocks of the first top plate, which are lapped on the upper surface of the single-span concrete beam, is not less than 100mm, and gaps are reserved among the lower layer blocks of the first top plate.
4. The rapid construction method of an assembled roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the section of the shaft is a circle having a diameter of more than 10m or a square having a side length of more than 10m, the roof truss is a truss structure having an inclined girder supporting system; the upper part of the truss structure with the oblique beam supporting system is a truss structure beam which is horizontally arranged; the truss structure beam consists of a truss structure main beam and a truss structure secondary beam vertically crossed with the truss structure main beam; an inclined beam supporting system is arranged below the cross beam of the truss structure; the inclined beam supporting system is composed of a plurality of truss structure inclined beams; the truss structure inclined beams are positioned under the truss structure secondary beams, and two truss structure inclined beams are supported under each truss structure secondary beam; one end of each truss structure oblique beam is connected to the intersection of the truss structure main beam and the truss structure secondary beam, the other end of each truss structure oblique beam is supported on the side wall of the vertical shaft, and each truss structure oblique beam, the truss structure secondary beam and the wall surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees.
5. The rapid construction method of fabricated roof as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S4 further comprises: splitting the top plate lower layer into a plurality of second top plate lower layer blocks, and individually prefabricating and hoisting each second top plate lower layer block; the number of the lower-layer blocks of the second top plate is the number of space grids enclosed among the truss structure main beam, the truss structure secondary beam and the side wall of the vertical shaft; the lower layer blocks of the second top plates are lapped on the upper surface of the side wall of the vertical shaft and simultaneously lapped on the upper surfaces of the truss structure main beam and the truss structure secondary beam, the width of the upper surfaces of the lower layer blocks of the second top plates lapped on the truss structure main beam or the truss structure secondary beam is not less than 100mm, and gaps are reserved among the lower layer blocks of the second top plates.
6. The rapid construction method of a fabricated ceiling as set forth in any one of claims 1, 3 or 5, wherein the overlapping width of the lower layer of the ceiling overlapping the upper surface of the shaft side wall in the step S4 is not less than 100mm, and the gap width between the lower layer of the ceiling and the outer side surface of the shaft side wall is not less than 250 mm.
7. The fabricated roof panel rapid construction method according to claim 3 or 5, wherein a reserved gap between the first roof panel lower-layer blocks or between the second roof panel lower-layer blocks is not less than 100 mm.
8. The rapid construction method of a fabricated roof as claimed in claim 3 or 5, wherein the step S5 further comprises: and simultaneously pouring gaps among the lower-layer blocks of the first top plate or the lower-layer blocks of the second top plate by using concrete.
9. The rapid construction method of an assembled roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the lower layer of the roof is 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the designed roof, and the thickness of the upper layer of the roof is 50 to 20% of the total thickness of the designed roof.
10. The rapid construction method of the fabricated roof as claimed in claim 1 or 9, wherein the lower layer of the roof and the upper layer of the roof are provided with inspection holes, and the inspection holes provided on the lower layer of the roof and the upper layer of the roof have the same specification, which are circular with a diameter of 1m-2m or square with a side length of 1m-2m, and the positions of the inspection holes provided on the lower layer of the roof and the upper layer of the roof are the same.
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