JP2020079496A - Method for constructing top slab for underground structure - Google Patents

Method for constructing top slab for underground structure Download PDF

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JP2020079496A
JP2020079496A JP2018212373A JP2018212373A JP2020079496A JP 2020079496 A JP2020079496 A JP 2020079496A JP 2018212373 A JP2018212373 A JP 2018212373A JP 2018212373 A JP2018212373 A JP 2018212373A JP 2020079496 A JP2020079496 A JP 2020079496A
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formwork
constructing
underground structure
top plate
concrete
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JP7134070B2 (en
Inventor
初太郎 梶川
Hatsutaro Kajikawa
初太郎 梶川
康一 玉田
Koichi Tamada
康一 玉田
琢郎 小坂
Takuro Kosaka
琢郎 小坂
克智 清水
Katsutomo Shimizu
克智 清水
宏平 落
Kohei Ochi
宏平 落
実 米沢
Minoru Yonezawa
実 米沢
淳 廣野
Jun Hirono
淳 廣野
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Kajima Corp
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Kajima Corp
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Abstract

To provide a method for constructing a top slab for closing an opening on the ground side of an underground structure such as a shaft skeleton.SOLUTION: (A) On the ground, a formwork 5 located on a lower surface side of an area for constructing a top slab and a support beam 7 located above the formwork are connected via a suspending member 8. (B) By moving the formwork 5 together with the support beam 7 in a suspended state, and placing and supporting both ends of the support beam 7 on a vertical shaft skeleton 2 surrounding a ground side opening 2a, the formwork 5 is installed on the lower surface side of the area for constructing the top slab in the ground side opening 2a. (C) The formwork 5 is used as a scaffold, and a rebar is arranged on the formwork 5. (D) Concrete is cast on the formwork 5 to construct the top slab 4. (E) The formwork 5 is left as a part of the top slab 4, while the suspending member 8 is cut and the support beam 7 is removed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

本発明は、立坑躯体などの地下構造物の地上側開口部を閉塞する頂版の構築方法に関する。尚、本発明でいう「頂版」とは、地下構造物から見た場合であり、地上側から見れば「床版」ということもできる。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for constructing a top plate that closes an opening on the ground side of an underground structure such as a shaft structure. The term "top slab" as used in the present invention refers to a case seen from an underground structure, and can also be referred to as a "floor slab" when seen from the ground side.

都市部のシールドトンネル工事では、立坑が設けられ、シールド掘進機は立坑の開口を通じて投入され、その後も立坑の開口は資機材の搬入に利用される。そして、トンネル工事の施工完了後に、立坑の開口は頂版により閉止され、地下側と地上側とがそれぞれ利用可能となる。   In the shield tunnel construction in urban areas, a vertical shaft is provided, and the shield machine is put in through the opening of the vertical shaft, and the opening of the vertical shaft is then used for the loading of materials and equipment. After the completion of the tunnel construction, the opening of the vertical shaft is closed by the top plate, and the underground side and the ground side can be used.

特許文献1には、立坑躯体の築造を含むシールドトンネルの工事手順が開示されている。更に、トンネルの施工完了後に、立坑内部構築工事として、立坑内部に床版や柱を下方から上方へ順に型枠支保工を積み立てつつ構築し、コンクリート強度の発現後に型枠支保工を撤去することが開示されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses a procedure for constructing a shield tunnel including construction of a shaft body. Furthermore, after the completion of the tunnel construction, as the construction inside the shaft, construct the floor slabs and columns inside the shaft while stacking the form support in order from the bottom to the top, and remove the form support after the concrete strength is manifested. Is disclosed.

また、特許文献2には、地下構造物の中床スラブの構築方法として、下階に型枠支保工を施工し、その上に中床スラブ型枠を設置し、その上にコンクリートを打設して、中床スラブを構築する方法が開示されている。   Further, in Patent Document 2, as a method of constructing an intermediate floor slab for an underground structure, formwork support is constructed on the lower floor, an intermediate floor slab formwork is installed thereon, and concrete is placed on it. Then, the method of constructing the middle floor slab is disclosed.

特開2017−203294号公報JP, 2017-203294, A 特開2002−371570号公報JP, 2002-371570, A

立坑躯体などの地下構造物の地上側開口部を閉塞する頂版の構築に際し、特許文献1、2に示されるような、下側から型枠支保工を設ける方法では、次のような問題がある。
構築する頂版までの高さが高い場合、支保工が大掛かりとなり、支保工の設置に大量の資材と施工手間がかかる。
また、頂版の構築後は、開口部が閉塞されるため、支保工を地上側から吊上げて撤去することができず、支保工の解体撤去は非常に面倒なものとなる。
In constructing a top plate that closes the aboveground opening of an underground structure such as a shaft structure, in the method of providing the form support from below as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the following problems occur. is there.
If the height to the top plate to be constructed is high, the support work will be a large amount of work, and a large amount of materials and construction work will be required to install the support work.
Further, after the construction of the top plate, since the opening is closed, it is not possible to lift and remove the support work from the ground side, which makes dismantling and removing the support work very troublesome.

本発明は、このような実状に鑑み、立坑躯体などの地下構造物の地上側開口部を閉塞する頂版の構築に際し、頂版の構築作業、並びに、頂版構築後の作業を簡素化できるようにすることを課題とする。   In view of such an actual situation, the present invention can simplify the construction work of the top plate, and the work after the top plate construction, when constructing the top plate for closing the above-ground opening of the underground structure such as a shaft structure. The task is to do so.

本発明に係る地下構造物の頂版の構築方法は、
地上側開口部を囲む地下構造物の躯体上に両端部を支持される支持梁に吊下げて、型枠を、前記地上側開口部内の前記頂版を構築する領域の下面側に設置する工程と、
前記地上側開口部内の前記型枠上にコンクリートを打設する工程と、
を含む。
The method of constructing the top plate of the underground structure according to the present invention,
A step of suspending a support beam, both ends of which are supported on a frame of an underground structure surrounding the above-ground opening, and installing a formwork on the lower surface side of the area for constructing the top plate in the above-ground opening. When,
A step of placing concrete on the formwork in the ground-side opening,
including.

ここにおいて、前記型枠の設置に先立って、地上にて、前記型枠と、その上方に位置させた支持梁とを、吊材を介して連結する工程を含み、前記型枠を設置する工程では、前記支持梁と共に前記型枠を吊下げ状態で移動させて、前記地上側開口部を囲む前記地下構造物の躯体上に前記支持梁の両端部を支持させることで、前記型枠を前記地上側開口部内の前記頂版を構築する領域の下面側に設置することもできる。
また、前記型枠は、前記型枠上に打設したコンクリートと一体化し、前記頂版の一部として残置することができる。
また、前記コンクリートの打設に先立って、前記型枠上に配筋する工程を含むことができ、配筋作業は、前記型枠を足場として行うことができる。
Here, prior to the installation of the formwork, the process of installing the formwork including a step of connecting the formwork and a support beam located above the formwork on a ground via a suspending member. Then, by moving the formwork together with the support beam in a suspended state, by supporting both ends of the support beam on the skeleton of the underground structure surrounding the aboveground opening, the formwork is It can also be installed on the lower surface side of the area for constructing the top plate in the opening on the ground side.
Moreover, the said formwork can be integrated with the concrete poured on the said formwork, and can be left as a part of said top plate.
Further, the method may include a step of arranging the concrete on the formwork prior to placing the concrete, and the arranging work may be performed by using the formwork as a scaffold.

本発明によれば、頂版構築用の型枠を地上側から吊下げて設置するため、地下構造物の内部に大掛かりな支保工を設置したり、頂版構築後に支保工を解体撤去したりする必要がなくなり、頂版の構築作業、並びに構築後の作業を簡素化できるという効果が得られる。
特にまた、型枠を頂版の一部として残置することで、型枠の撤去作業も不要となる。
また、鉄筋コンクリート製の頂版の構築に際し、型枠上での配筋は、型枠を足場として行うことができ、足場の確保も容易となる。
According to the present invention, since the formwork for constructing the top plate is hung from the ground side and installed, a large-scale support work is installed inside the underground structure, or the support work is dismantled and removed after the top plate construction. There is no need to do so, and the effect that the construction work of the top plate and the work after construction can be simplified can be obtained.
In particular, by leaving the formwork as a part of the top plate, the work of removing the formwork becomes unnecessary.
Further, when constructing the top plate made of reinforced concrete, the reinforcement on the formwork can be performed by using the formwork as a scaffold, and the scaffolding can be easily secured.

本発明の一実施形態として地下構造物の地上側開口部を閉塞する頂版の構築例を示す図The figure which shows the construction example of the top plate which closes the aboveground side opening of the underground structure as one embodiment of the present invention. 頂版の構築方法(型枠の配置方法)を示す図Diagram showing construction method of top plate (form frame arrangement method) 図2の要部の詳細を示すと共に配筋について示す図The figure which shows the detail of the principal part of FIG. 頂版の構築手順を示す図Diagram showing the procedure for building the top plate

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、詳細に説明する。
図1は本発明の一実施形態として地下構造物の地上側開口部を閉塞する頂版の構築例を示している。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the construction of a top plate that closes the aboveground opening of an underground structure as one embodiment of the present invention.

本例の地下構造物は、シールドトンネル構築用の立坑1であり、地上Gから鉛直方向に掘削され、掘削部を囲むように鉄筋コンクリート製で有底筒状の立坑躯体2が築造されている。   The underground structure of this example is a vertical shaft 1 for constructing a shield tunnel, which is excavated vertically from the ground G, and a vertical shaft body 2 made of reinforced concrete and having a bottom is constructed so as to surround the excavated portion.

立坑1は、シールド機の搬入に用いられ、シールド機により、立坑1の底部から水平方向に掘進することで、シールドトンネル3を構築する。シールドトンネル3の構築中、立坑1は、各種資機材の搬入や掘削土砂の搬出に用いられる。   The shaft 1 is used for carrying in a shield machine, and the shield machine is used to excavate horizontally from the bottom of the shaft 1 to construct a shield tunnel 3. During construction of the shield tunnel 3, the vertical shaft 1 is used for carrying in various materials and equipment and carrying out excavated earth and sand.

本例では、シールドトンネル3の完成後に、立坑躯体2の地上側開口部2aに、これを閉塞するように、鉄筋コンクリート製の頂版4を構築する。立坑1の地上側である頂版4の上を公園等として利用可能とするためである。   In this example, after the shield tunnel 3 is completed, a top plate 4 made of reinforced concrete is constructed in the ground-side opening 2a of the shaft body 2 so as to close it. This is because the top of the slab 4 on the ground side of the shaft 1 can be used as a park or the like.

頂版4の構築方法について、以下に説明する。
図2は頂版4の構築方法(型枠5の配置方法)を示している。
基本的には、立坑躯体2の地上側開口部2a内において頂版4を構築する領域の下面側に位置させて、型枠5を配置し、型枠5上にコンクリートを打設(場所打ち)することで、立坑躯体2と一体に、頂版4を構築する。
The method of constructing the top plate 4 will be described below.
FIG. 2 shows a method of constructing the top plate 4 (arrangement method of the form 5).
Basically, the formwork 5 is placed in the ground side opening 2a of the vertical shaft 2 on the lower surface side of the region where the top plate 4 is constructed, and concrete is cast on the formwork 5 (cast in place). By doing so, the top plate 4 is constructed integrally with the shaft body 2.

ここでの型枠5の支持方法に特徴があり、次のような支持構造を採用している。
立坑躯体2の地上側開口部2aを囲む立坑躯体2上で、地上側開口部2aを挟んで互いに対向する位置に、対をなすように、受架台6、6を設置する。
そして、受架台6、6上に、トラス構造の支持梁7の両端部を載置して支持させる。
そして、支持梁7により、吊材(例えばPC鋼棒製の吊ボルト)8を介して、型枠5を吊下げて支持する構造としている。
The method of supporting the mold 5 here is characteristic and employs the following supporting structure.
On the vertical shaft body 2 surrounding the ground side opening 2a of the vertical shaft body 2, the receiving stands 6, 6 are installed so as to form a pair at positions facing each other across the ground side opening 2a.
Then, both ends of the support beam 7 having the truss structure are placed and supported on the receiving frames 6, 6.
The supporting beam 7 suspends and supports the form 5 via a suspending member (for example, a suspension bolt made of PC steel rod) 8.

また、かかる支持構造ゆえ、型枠5は、該型枠5上に打設したコンクリートと一体化し、頂版4の一部として残置する。これも大きな特徴である。   Further, because of such a support structure, the formwork 5 is integrated with the concrete cast on the formwork 5 and left as a part of the top plate 4. This is also a big feature.

ここで、本例の型枠5について、図3により、詳細に説明する。
図3は、図2の要部の詳細を示すと共に、型枠5の設置後、コンクリート打設前に、型枠5上に配筋した状態を示している。
Here, the mold 5 of this example will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 shows the details of the main part of FIG. 2 and shows a state in which reinforcement is arranged on the form 5 after the form 5 is installed and before concrete is placed.

型枠5は、プレキャスト鉄筋コンクリート製で、またPC(プレストレストコンクリート)製であり、工場等で製造され、現場へ搬入される。
従って、コンクリート製の型枠5は、その内部に、PC鋼材を横方向に配置してなる主鉄筋51を有し、コンクリートは主鉄筋51に対し上下に所定のかぶり厚を確保するようにスラブ状に打設される。主鉄筋51は、PC鋼材を横方向及び縦方向に配置して格子状としてもよい。
The formwork 5 is made of precast reinforced concrete and PC (prestressed concrete), is manufactured in a factory or the like and is carried to the site.
Therefore, the concrete formwork 5 has a main rebar 51 formed by arranging PC steel material in the lateral direction inside the concrete slab so that the concrete has a predetermined cover thickness vertically with respect to the main rebar 51. Is cast into a shape. The main reinforcing bars 51 may be arranged in a lattice by arranging PC steel materials in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

コンクリート製の型枠5は、また、主鉄筋51の上側にこれにつなげる形でトラス鉄筋(トラス構造の鉄筋)52を有している。トラス鉄筋52は、その一部(下部;主鉄筋51との接続部)がコンクリート内に埋設され、他部(上部)がコンクリート外に露出している。現場にて頂版4として型枠5上に場所打ちされるコンクリートとの結合(一体化)を強化するためである。従って、トラス鉄筋52は、一体化する目的で母材に取付けられるジベル(連結材)に相当する。ジベルとしては、トラス鉄筋、更には鉄筋に限定されるものではなく、スタッドジベルを用いてもよい。   The concrete formwork 5 also has a truss reinforcing bar (reinforcing bar of truss structure) 52 connected to the main reinforcing bar 51 on the upper side. A part of the truss reinforcing bar 52 (a lower part; a connecting part with the main reinforcing bar 51) is embedded in the concrete, and another part (an upper part) is exposed outside the concrete. This is to strengthen the connection (integration) with the concrete cast on the formwork 5 as the top plate 4 on site. Therefore, the truss reinforcing bar 52 corresponds to a dowel (connecting material) attached to the base material for the purpose of integration. The dowel is not limited to the truss reinforcing bar and further the reinforcing bar, and a stud dowel may be used.

コンクリート製の型枠5には、また、適所に、吊材ベースプレート53が埋設されている。そして、吊材ベースプレート53の上面側にはPC鋼棒54を介してカプラー55が連結され、カプラー55はコンクリート外に露出している。カプラー55は吊材(吊ボルト)8の下端部との連結用である。   A suspending material base plate 53 is embedded in an appropriate place in the concrete formwork 5. A coupler 55 is connected to the upper surface side of the hanging material base plate 53 via a PC steel rod 54, and the coupler 55 is exposed outside the concrete. The coupler 55 is for connecting to the lower end of the suspension member (suspension bolt) 8.

コンクリート製の型枠5には、また、立坑躯体2の壁部と近接する端縁部に、インサートアンカー56が埋設されている。
インサートアンカー56は、立坑躯体2の壁部と型枠5の端縁部との隙間を埋める間詰めプレート57の取付部となる。
In the concrete formwork 5, an insert anchor 56 is embedded in an edge portion near the wall of the shaft body 2.
The insert anchor 56 serves as a mounting portion for the padding plate 57 that fills a gap between the wall portion of the vertical shaft body 2 and the end edge portion of the formwork 5.

次に現場での頂版4の一連の構築作業について、主に図4を参照して、工程順に説明する。   Next, a series of construction work of the top plate 4 on site will be described in order of steps mainly with reference to FIG.

(1−1)吊下げ準備工程
図4(A)に示すように、地上G側の適当な場所に、対をなすように、吊下げ準備用架台9、9を構築しておき、これらの吊下げ準備用架台9、9の間に、プレキャスト鉄筋コンクリート製の型枠5を搬入する。
(1-1) Suspension Preparation Step As shown in FIG. 4(A), the suspension preparation pedestals 9, 9 are constructed in advance at appropriate positions on the ground G side so as to form pairs. A precast reinforced concrete formwork 5 is carried in between the suspension preparation stands 9.

また、トラス構造の支持梁7を搬入し、吊下げ準備用架台9、9上に、支持梁7の両端部を載置して支持させる。このとき、型枠5と、その上方の支持梁7とが、上下方向に所定の距離を隔てて配置されるようにする。
この状態で、支持梁7と型枠5とを吊材(吊ボルト)8により連結し、支持梁7により型枠5を吊下げ可能とする。このとき、吊材8はその下端部を型枠5側のカプラー55(図3)に連結する。
Further, the support beam 7 having the truss structure is carried in, and both ends of the support beam 7 are placed and supported on the suspension preparation stands 9, 9. At this time, the mold 5 and the support beam 7 above it are arranged so as to be vertically spaced apart by a predetermined distance.
In this state, the support beam 7 and the form 5 are connected by a suspending member (hanging bolt) 8 so that the form 5 can be suspended by the support beam 7. At this time, the hanging member 8 is connected at its lower end portion to the coupler 55 (FIG. 3) on the formwork 5 side.

(1−2)受架台設置工程
同じく図4(A)に示すように、地上側開口部2aを囲む立坑躯体2上で、地上側開口部2aを挟んで互いに対向する位置に、対をなすように、受架台6、6を構築して設置する。
尚、上記(1−1)の工程と上記(1−2)の工程は、どちらを先に行ってもよく、あるいは、並行して行ってもよい。
(1-2) Step of installing cradle As shown in FIG. 4(A), on the shaft body 2 surrounding the ground-side opening 2a, a pair is formed at a position facing each other with the ground-side opening 2a interposed therebetween. As described above, the receiving stands 6 and 6 are constructed and installed.
Either of the step (1-1) and the step (1-2) may be performed first, or may be performed in parallel.

(2)型枠設置工程
図4(B)に示すように、クレーン(図示せず)により、支持梁7を持ち上げることで、支持梁7に吊材8により連結された型枠5を持ち上げる。そして、クレーンにより、支持梁7と共に型枠5を移動させ、立坑の上方に位置させた後、支持梁7を吊下ろして、支持梁7の両端部を受架台6、6上に支持させる。このとき、支持梁7に吊材8を介して吊下げられている型枠5は、立坑躯体2の地上側開口部2a内で、頂版4を構築する領域の下面側に位置する。これにより、図2に示した状態となる。
(2) Formwork installation step As shown in FIG. 4(B), the support beam 7 is lifted by a crane (not shown) to lift the formwork 5 connected to the support beam 7 by the hanging material 8. Then, the form frame 5 is moved together with the support beam 7 by the crane and positioned above the vertical shaft, and then the support beam 7 is hung to support both ends of the support beam 7 on the pedestals 6 and 6. At this time, the formwork 5 suspended from the support beam 7 via the suspending member 8 is located in the ground-side opening 2a of the shaft body 2 on the lower surface side of the region where the top plate 4 is constructed. As a result, the state shown in FIG. 2 is obtained.

尚、本例では、支持梁7としてトラス構造の標準仕様の既製品を用いている。トラス構造とは、厳密には、部材の節点がピン結合しているものをいうが、実際には剛結しているものが汎用されており、本例でも剛結タイプの既製品を用いている。
また、支持梁7は、別体の受架台6、6を用いることなく、立坑躯体2に直接支持させたり、支持梁7と受架台6、6とを予め一体に形成しておいたりすることも可能である。しかし、支持梁7として既製品を用いる場合に、受架台6、6を用いることで、寸法合わせが容易となるなどの効果が得られる。
In this example, a standard truss structure ready-made product is used as the support beam 7. Strictly speaking, the truss structure is one in which the nodes of the members are pin-connected, but in reality, rigid connection is widely used, and in this example as well, a rigid connection type off-the-shelf product is used. There is.
Further, the support beam 7 may be directly supported by the vertical shaft body 2 without using the separate pedestals 6 and 6, or the support beam 7 and the pedestals 6 and 6 may be integrally formed in advance. Is also possible. However, when ready-made products are used as the support beams 7, the use of the pedestals 6 makes it possible to obtain effects such as easy dimensional matching.

(3)配筋工程
図4(C)に示すように、コンクリートの打設に先立って、型枠5上に配筋する。配筋作業は型枠5を足場として行うことができる。
(3) Reinforcing Step As shown in FIG. 4(C), prior to the placing of concrete, the rebar is placed on the formwork 5. The arranging work can be performed using the formwork 5 as a scaffold.

配筋作業については、図3により、説明する。
配筋作業では、主に、頂版4を形成するコンクリート構造体内に埋設される鉄筋籠を構築する。
鉄筋籠は、平面状に配置される下側主鉄筋41と、その上方に平面状に配置される上側主鉄筋42と、上側主鉄筋42と下側主鉄筋41とをつなぐせん断補強鉄筋43と、を含む。
The bar arrangement work will be described with reference to FIG.
In the arranging work, a reinforcing bar cage embedded mainly in the concrete structure forming the top plate 4 is constructed.
The rebar cage includes a lower main rebar 41 arranged in a plane, an upper main rebar 42 arranged in a plane above it, and a shear reinforcing bar 43 connecting the upper main rebar 42 and the lower main rebar 41. ,including.

鉄筋籠の組立手順は、次の通りである。
1)型枠5の上に、かぶり厚を規定するスペーサ(図示せず)を配置し、スペーサの上で下側主鉄筋41を組み立てる。
2)下側主鉄筋41の上に、上側主鉄筋組立用の組立筋(図示せず)を配置し、組立筋の上で上側主鉄筋42を組み立てる。
3)せん断補強鉄筋43を、上側主鉄筋42及び下側主鉄筋41の隙間に落とし込み、上側主鉄筋42及び下側主鉄筋41に番線等で結束、固定する。尚、図ではせん断補強鉄筋43として、一端に半円形フック、他端にL形フックを有するものを用いているが、これに限るものではない。
The procedure for assembling the rebar cage is as follows.
1) A spacer (not shown) that defines the cover thickness is arranged on the form 5, and the lower main reinforcing bar 41 is assembled on the spacer.
2) An assembly bar (not shown) for assembling the upper main bar is arranged on the lower main bar 41, and the upper main bar 42 is assembled on the assembly bar.
3) The shear reinforcing bar 43 is dropped into the gap between the upper main reinforcing bar 42 and the lower main reinforcing bar 41, and is bound and fixed to the upper main reinforcing bar 42 and the lower main reinforcing bar 41 with a numbered wire or the like. In the figure, as the shear reinforcing bar 43, one having a semicircular hook at one end and an L-shaped hook at the other end is used, but it is not limited to this.

また、配筋作業では、立坑躯体2の壁部内の鉄筋に対し、鉄筋機械式継手44を用いて、下側主鉄筋41及び上側主鉄筋42の端部を連結する。すなわち、鉄筋機械式継手44により、立坑躯体2側の鉄筋と頂版4側の鉄筋とを通し鉄筋にしてつなげる。頂版4と立坑躯体2との結合力を強めるためである。   Further, in the bar arrangement work, the reinforcing bar mechanical joint 44 is used to connect the ends of the lower main reinforcing bar 41 and the upper main reinforcing bar 42 to the reinforcing bar in the wall of the shaft body 2. That is, the reinforcing bar mechanical joint 44 connects the vertical reinforcing bar 2 side reinforcing bar and the top plate 4 side reinforcing bar to form a reinforcing bar. This is for strengthening the bonding force between the top plate 4 and the shaft body 2.

また、配筋作業に先立って、あるいは配筋作業と並行して、立坑躯体2の壁部と型枠5の端縁部との間の隙間を埋める間詰め作業を行う(間詰め工程)。具体的には、型枠5のインサートアンカー56に間詰めプレート57を取付ボルト58により固定し、前記隙間を閉塞するように、間詰めプレート57を立坑躯体2の壁部に当接、あるいは固定する。尚、間詰めプレート57の位置調整のため、間詰めプレート57のボルト挿通孔は長孔とするとよい。   Further, prior to the bar arrangement work or in parallel with the bar arrangement work, a space reduction work is performed to fill a gap between the wall portion of the vertical shaft body 2 and the end edge portion of the form 5 (thin space process). Specifically, the stuffing plate 57 is fixed to the insert anchor 56 of the mold 5 with the mounting bolts 58, and the stuffing plate 57 is brought into contact with or fixed to the wall portion of the vertical shaft body 2 so as to close the gap. To do. In order to adjust the position of the stuffing plate 57, the bolt insertion holes of the stuffing plate 57 may be elongated holes.

(4)コンクリート打設工程
図4(C)に示した型枠5上での配筋作業の後、図4(D)に示すように、型枠5の上に、立坑躯体2の上端面と面一となる高さまで、コンクリートを打設する。これにより、コンクリートの固化・養生後に、型枠5を含む形で鉄筋コンクリート製の頂版4が構築される。
(4) Concrete placing step After the reinforcing work on the formwork 5 shown in FIG. 4(C), as shown in FIG. 4(D), the upper end surface of the shaft 2 is placed on the formwork 5. Pour concrete up to the same level. As a result, the reinforced concrete top plate 4 including the form 5 is constructed after the solidification and curing of the concrete.

(5)吊材切断・支持梁撤去工程
図4(E)に示すように、コンクリートの打設後、型枠5を残置する一方、吊材(吊ボルト)8を適当な位置で切断し、クレーンにより、支持梁7を撤去する。また、支持梁7の撤去後、受架台6、6を解体・撤去する。
以上の工程を経て、頂版4の構築が完了する。頂版4は、型枠5を含む形で構築されるので、型枠5の撤去は不要である。
(5) Suspension material cutting/support beam removal step As shown in FIG. 4(E), after placing concrete, the formwork 5 is left, while the suspension material (suspension bolt) 8 is cut at an appropriate position, The support beam 7 is removed by a crane. Moreover, after removing the support beam 7, the receiving frames 6 and 6 are disassembled and removed.
The construction of the top plate 4 is completed through the above steps. Since the top plate 4 is constructed so as to include the form 5, the form 5 need not be removed.

本例によれば、地上側開口部2aを囲む立坑躯体2上に両端部を支持される支持梁7に吊下げて、型枠5を、地上側開口部2a内の頂版4を構築する領域の下面側に設置する工程(型枠設置工程)と、地上側開口部2a内の型枠5上にコンクリートを打設する工程(コンクリート打設工程)と、を含んで、立坑躯体2の地上側開口部2aを閉塞する頂版4を構築する。
このように、頂版構築用の型枠5を地上側から吊下げて設置するため、立坑1の内部に大掛かりな支保工を設置したり、頂版4構築後に支保工を解体撤去したりする必要がなくなり、頂版4の構築作業、並びに構築後の作業を簡素化することができる。
According to this example, the form frame 5 is constructed by suspending the formwork 5 in the ground-side opening 2a by suspending it from the support beam 7 whose both ends are supported on the shaft body 2 surrounding the ground-side opening 2a. Including the step of installing on the lower surface side of the region (formwork setting step) and the step of placing concrete on the formwork 5 in the ground-side opening 2a (concrete placing step), The top plate 4 that closes the ground-side opening 2a is constructed.
In this way, since the formwork 5 for constructing the top slab is hung and installed from the ground side, a large-scale support work is installed inside the shaft 1, or the support work is dismantled and removed after the top slab 4 is constructed. It is not necessary, and the work of constructing the top plate 4 and the work after construction can be simplified.

また、本例によれば、型枠5の設置に先立って、地上にて、型枠5と、その上方に位置させた支持梁7とを、吊材8を介して連結する工程(吊下げ準備工程)を含み、型枠設置工程では、支持梁7と共に型枠5を吊下げ状態で移動させて、地上側開口部2aを囲む立坑躯体2上に支持梁7の両端部を載置して支持させることで、型枠5を所定の位置に設置する。
このように、別の場所で吊下げ状態として、そのまま移動させて、設置することにより、設置作業を効率的に行うことができる。
Further, according to this example, prior to the installation of the formwork 5, on the ground, the process of connecting the formwork 5 and the support beam 7 located above the formwork 5 via the suspending member 8 (suspension). In the formwork installation process, including the preparation process), the formwork 5 is moved in a suspended state together with the support beam 7, and both ends of the support beam 7 are placed on the shaft body 2 surrounding the ground side opening 2a. The mold 5 is installed at a predetermined position by supporting the mold 5 with it.
In this way, the installation work can be efficiently performed by suspending it in another place, moving it as it is, and installing it.

また、本例によれば、型枠5は、型枠5上に打設したコンクリートと一体化し、頂版4の一部として残置する。これにより、型枠5の撤去作業も不要となる。   Further, according to this example, the formwork 5 is integrated with the concrete cast on the formwork 5 and left as a part of the top plate 4. This eliminates the need to remove the formwork 5.

また、本例によれば、型枠5は、鉄筋コンクリート製であり、内部のトラス鉄筋52の一部がジベル(連結材)として上面に突出していて、当該突出部が型枠5上に打設したコンクリート内に埋設される。これにより、頂版4の下面側に残置される型枠5が脱落したりすることがないよう、確実に一体化することができる。   Moreover, according to this example, the formwork 5 is made of reinforced concrete, and a part of the internal truss rebar 52 projects to the upper surface as a dowel (connecting material), and the projecting portion is cast on the formwork 5. It is buried in the concrete. As a result, it is possible to surely integrate the form frame 5 left on the lower surface side of the top plate 4 so as not to drop off.

また、本例によれば、コンクリートの打設に先立って、型枠5上に配筋する工程(配筋工程)を含み、配筋作業は、型枠5を足場として行う。これにより、作業員の足場の確保が容易となる。   In addition, according to this example, a step (reinforcing step) of arranging on the formwork 5 is included prior to placing concrete, and the reinforcement work is performed using the formwork 5 as a scaffold. This makes it easy to secure a foothold for workers.

また、本例によれば、配筋作業は、前記型枠5上に配筋した鉄筋と、立坑躯体2の壁部内の鉄筋とを連結する作業を含む。これにより、頂版4と立坑躯体2との結合を強固なものとすることができる。   Further, according to the present example, the reinforcing work includes a work of connecting the reinforcing bars arranged on the formwork 5 and the reinforcing bars in the wall portion of the shaft body 2. Thereby, the connection between the top plate 4 and the vertical shaft body 2 can be made strong.

また、本例によれば、コンクリートの打設に先立って、立坑躯体2の壁部と型枠5の端縁部との間の隙間を間詰めする工程(間詰め工程)を含む。型枠5を吊下げて搬入することから、前記隙間をある程度大きくしなければならないが、間詰めすることで、型枠5の精度を上げることができる。   Further, according to this example, a step of reducing the gap between the wall portion of the vertical shaft body 2 and the end edge portion of the formwork 5 prior to the concrete pouring (thinning step) is included. Since the formwork 5 is suspended and carried in, the gap must be enlarged to some extent, but by closing the formwork, the precision of the formwork 5 can be improved.

また、本例によれば、型枠5の設置に先立って、地上側開口部2aを囲む立坑躯体2上で、地上側開口部2aを挟んで互いに対向する位置に、受架台6、6を設置する工程(受架台設置工程)を含み、支持梁7の両端部を受架台6、6上に載置して支持させる。これにより、支持梁7としてトラス構造の既製品を用いる場合の寸法合わせが容易となる。   Further, according to this example, prior to the installation of the formwork 5, the pedestals 6, 6 are provided on the shaft body 2 surrounding the ground-side opening 2a at positions facing each other across the ground-side opening 2a. Including the step of installing (receiver stand installing step), both ends of the support beam 7 are placed on and supported by the receivers 6, 6. This facilitates dimensional matching when a ready-made truss structure is used as the support beam 7.

また、本例によれば、コンクリートの打設後、吊材8を切断し、支持梁7を撤去する工程(吊材切断・支持梁撤去工程)を含む。これにより、頂版構築後の撤去作業なども容易となる。   Further, according to this example, after the concrete is poured, the step of cutting the hanging material 8 and removing the supporting beam 7 (the step of cutting the hanging material and removing the supporting beam) is included. This makes it easy to remove the top plate after construction.

尚、以上の実施形態では、型枠5はPC型枠としたが、鋼板をベースとし、補強、及び場所打ちコンクリートとの一体化のため、鋼板上に格子状にアングル材を固着してなる鋼製型枠を用いることもできる。この場合は、アングル材がジベルに相当するが、スタッドジベルを用いてもよい。
また、型枠5上での配筋作業については、鉄筋籠の少なくとも一部を地上側で組み立てて、型枠5と一緒に搬入するようにすることで、一部を省略することもできる。
In the above embodiment, the mold 5 is a PC mold, but a steel plate is used as a base, and angle members are fixed in a grid on the steel plate for reinforcement and integration with cast-in-place concrete. A steel formwork can also be used. In this case, the angle member corresponds to the dowel, but a stud dowel may be used.
Further, regarding the rebar work on the form 5, part of the rebar cage can be omitted by assembling at least a part of the rebar cage on the ground side and carrying it in together with the form 5.

また、以上の実施形態では、地下構造物がシールドトンネル構築用の立坑である場合について説明したが、本発明は、各種の地下構造物において、最終的に頂版を形成して地上側開口部を閉塞する場合に適用することができる。   Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the underground structure is a vertical shaft for constructing a shield tunnel has been described, but the present invention, in various underground structures, finally forms the top plate to open the ground side opening. It can be applied when occluding.

また、図示の実施形態はあくまで本発明を例示するものであり、本発明は、説明した実施形態により直接的に示されるものに加え、特許請求の範囲内で当業者によりなされる各種の改良・変更を包含するものであることは言うまでもない。   Further, the embodiments shown in the drawings are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to those shown directly by the described embodiments, and various improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of claims. It goes without saying that it includes changes.

1 立坑
2 立坑躯体
2a 地上側開口部
3 シールドトンネル
4 頂版
5 型枠
6 受架台
7 支持梁
8 吊材(吊ボルト)
9 吊下げ準備用架台
41 下側主鉄筋
42 上側主鉄筋
43 せん断補強鉄筋
44 鉄筋機械式継手
51 主鉄筋
52 トラス鉄筋(ジベル)
53 吊材ベースプレート
54 PC鋼棒
55 カプラー
56 インサートアンカー
57 間詰めプレート
58 取付ボルト
1 Vertical shaft 2 Vertical shaft body 2a Ground side opening 3 Shield tunnel 4 Top plate 5 Form frame 6 Support stand 7 Support beam 8 Hanging material (hanging bolt)
9 Suspension Preparation Stand 41 Lower Main Reinforcing Bar 42 Upper Main Reinforcing Bar 43 Shear Reinforcing Bar 44 Reinforcing Bar Mechanical Joint 51 Main Reinforcing Bar 52 Truss Reinforcing Bar (Givel)
53 Hanging Material Base Plate 54 PC Steel Rod 55 Coupler 56 Insert Anchor 57 Space Packing Plate 58 Mounting Bolt

Claims (7)

地下構造物の地上側開口部を閉塞する頂版の構築方法であって、
前記地上側開口部を囲む前記地下構造物の躯体上に両端部を支持される支持梁に吊下げて、型枠を、前記地上側開口部内の前記頂版を構築する領域の下面側に設置する工程と、
前記地上側開口部内の前記型枠上にコンクリートを打設する工程と、
を含む、地下構造物の頂版の構築方法。
A method of constructing a top slab for closing the above-ground opening of an underground structure,
The formwork is installed on the lower surface side of the area for constructing the top plate in the ground-side opening by suspending it on a support beam whose both ends are supported on the frame of the underground structure surrounding the ground-side opening. And the process of
Placing concrete on the formwork in the ground side opening,
And a method for constructing a top plate of an underground structure.
前記型枠の設置に先立って、地上にて、前記型枠と、その上方に位置させた支持梁とを、吊材を介して連結する工程を含み、
前記型枠を設置する工程では、前記支持梁と共に前記型枠を吊下げ状態で移動させて、前記地上側開口部を囲む前記地下構造物の躯体上に前記支持梁の両端部を支持させることで、前記型枠を前記地上側開口部内の前記頂版を構築する領域の下面側に設置する、請求項1記載の地下構造物の頂版の構築方法。
Prior to the installation of the formwork, including a step of connecting the formwork and a support beam positioned above the formwork on the ground via a suspending member,
In the step of installing the formwork, moving the formwork together with the support beam in a suspended state so that both ends of the support beam are supported on a skeleton of the underground structure surrounding the aboveground side opening. 2. The method for constructing a top slab of an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the formwork is installed on a lower surface side of an area for constructing the top slab in the ground side opening.
前記型枠は、前記型枠上に打設したコンクリートと一体化し、前記頂版の一部として残置する、請求項1又は請求項2記載の地下構造物の頂版の構築方法。   The method for constructing a top slab of an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the form is integrated with concrete cast on the form and left as a part of the top slab. 前記型枠は、鉄筋コンクリート製又は鋼製であり、ジベルが上面に突出していて、ジベルの突出部が前記型枠上に打設したコンクリート内に埋設される、請求項3記載の地下構造物の頂版の構築方法。   4. The underground structure according to claim 3, wherein the form is made of reinforced concrete or steel, the dowel is projected on the upper surface, and the projecting part of the dowel is embedded in the concrete cast on the form. How to build the top plate. 前記コンクリートの打設に先立って、前記型枠上に配筋する工程を含み、
配筋作業は、前記型枠を足場として行う、請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1つに記載の地下構造物の頂版の構築方法。
Prior to placing the concrete, including a step of arranging on the formwork,
The method for constructing a top plate of an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reinforcing work is performed using the formwork as a scaffold.
前記配筋作業は、前記型枠上に配筋した鉄筋と、前記地下構造物の躯体壁部内の鉄筋とを連結する作業を含む、請求項5記載の地下構造物の頂版の構築方法。   The method for constructing a top slab of an underground structure according to claim 5, wherein the reinforcing work includes a work of connecting a reinforcing bar arranged on the formwork and a reinforcing bar in a body wall portion of the underground structure. 前記コンクリートの打設に先立って、前記地下構造物の躯体壁部と前記型枠の端縁部との間の隙間を間詰めする工程を含む、請求項1〜請求項6のいずれか1つに記載の地下構造物の頂版の構築方法。   7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a step of closing a gap between a frame wall portion of the underground structure and an end edge portion of the formwork prior to pouring the concrete. The method for constructing the top plate of the underground structure described in.
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