CN113875332B

CN113875332B - Orchard ridge making machine

Info

Publication number: CN113875332B
Application number: CN202111164066.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟亮; 杨文达; 李善军; 万强; 张衍林; 李明震
Original assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Current assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-09-30
Filing date: 2021-09-30
Publication date: 2023-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-30
Also published as: CN113875332A

Abstract

The invention discloses an orchard ridge making machine which comprises a door-shaped frame, wherein soil pushing mechanisms are fixed on two sides of the front of the frame, the frame comprises two side frames and top frames arranged on the two side frames, ridge making mechanisms are arranged on the inner sides of the two side frames, a pressing mechanism is further arranged on the frame and comprises a pressing wheel shaft and pressing wheels sleeved and fixed at two ends of the pressing wheel shaft, and the pressing wheels are positioned in front of the ridge making mechanisms. The method is convenient and practical, and can be used for making ridges in citrus orchards; the mechanical automation operation can be realized, manual intervention is not needed, and the ridge trimming process can be dynamically adjusted; adopt shock-absorbing structure, it is more steady to advance.

Description

Orchard ridge making machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of orchard ridge making, in particular to an orchard ridge making machine.

Background

The main characteristic of orange planting in China is dispersibility, most of orange gardens of fruit growers are obtained by family co-production contract in the past, on one hand, the planting area is small, on the other hand, the planting technology is not high, and the economic benefit tends to decline along with the reduction of the sale price of oranges. The construction strength of a standard orchard is greatly increased, a large-scale orange production base is built into the standard orchard, unified management is carried out, and the competitiveness of the orange industry is improved by applying an advanced production management technology. Most of orchard operations are completed manually, production efficiency is low, labor intensity is high, production cost is high, and loss caused by shortage of labor in busy farming season is large. In recent years, with the increase of the yield of fruits and vegetables such as oranges and the like and the improvement of labor cost, the production efficiency of gardens improved by widely applying a mechanized device plays an important role in promoting the economic development of production areas, a ridge making machine is an indispensable part in the mechanized device, a standardized ridge shape is beneficial to ventilation and soil fixation of a citrus orchard, the growth and development of citrus seedlings are facilitated, the development of an orchard ridge making machine is very important, and the development of orchard establishment machinery is promoted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an orchard ridging method aiming at the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides an orchard ridge making machine, includes the frame of door type, and frame the place ahead both sides are fixed with bulldozing mechanism, and the frame includes two side framves and sets up the roof-rack on two side framves, and two side frame inboards all are provided with system ridge mechanism, still are provided with press mechanism in the frame, and press mechanism establishes the press wheel of fixing at press wheel axle both ends including press wheel axle and cover, and the press wheel is located the place ahead of system ridge mechanism, and system ridge mechanism is two system ridge boards that the splayed was placed.

The press wheel shaft is transversely arranged and is in shaft connection with an output shaft of the side gearbox, an input shaft of the side gearbox is in shaft connection with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected with an output shaft of the power gearbox, and an input shaft of the power gearbox is in shaft connection with a power output shaft of the tractor.

As mentioned above, the press wheel shaft is also coupled with the input shaft of the ridge pruning transmission gear box, the output shaft of the ridge pruning transmission gear box is coupled with the rotating shaft of the first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, the rotating shaft of the second bevel gear is coupled with one end of the ridge pruning transmission shaft, the other end of the ridge pruning transmission shaft is sleeved and fixed with the ridge pruning wheel, and the ridge pruning wheel is positioned in front of the press wheel.

The ridge trimming mechanism shell is fixed on the outer side of the ridge trimming transmission gear box, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are located in the ridge trimming transmission gear box, the transmission shaft shell is sleeved on the ridge trimming transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft shell is fixed on the ridge trimming mechanism shell, the ridge trimming transmission shaft is sleeved with two bearings, and the two bearings are fixed on the outer side of the ridge trimming transmission gear box and in the transmission shaft shell respectively.

As above the limit frame include upper portion limit frame and lower part limit frame, connect through the support telescopic shaft between upper portion limit frame and the lower part limit frame, the cover is equipped with damping spring on the support telescopic shaft, damping spring is connected with upper portion limit frame and lower part limit frame respectively, the bearing setting is passed through at the upper portion limit frame of two limit frames in press wheel axle both ends, it fixes at the upper portion limit frame to repair ridge mechanism shell, it is connected with the lower part limit frame through the shell telescopic shaft to repair ridge mechanism shell, the cover is equipped with damping spring on the shell telescopic shaft, lower part limit frame bottom is provided with the gyro wheel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the method is convenient and practical, and can be used for making ridges in citrus orchards;

2. the mechanical automation operation can be realized, manual intervention is not needed, and the ridge trimming process can be dynamically adjusted;

3. adopt shock-absorbing structure, it is more steady to advance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the transmission structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a ridge-trimming mechanism;

in the figure: 1-a transmission system; 2-a soil shifting mechanism; 201-a bulldozer plate; 3-a compacting mechanism; 301-press wheel; 4-a ridge-trimming mechanism; 5-a vibration damping mechanism; 6-a ridge making mechanism; 601-making a ridge plate; 7-a frame; 701-side frame; 702-a top frame; 7011-upper side frame; 7012-lower side frame; 8-a transmission shaft; 9-power transmission case set screws; 10-a power transmission; 11-side gearbox; 12-ridge-trimming transmission gear box; 13-ridging output shaft; 14-side gearbox gear; 15-pressing the wheel shaft; 16-a housing of the ridge-repairing mechanism; 17-a first bevel gear; 18-ridging wheel; 19-fixing a nut on the ridging wheel; 20-a second bevel gear; 21-ridging transmission shaft; 22-a driveshaft housing; 23-a support telescopic shaft; 24-a housing telescopic shaft; 25-a damping spring; 26-roller.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to examples for implementing the invention so as to facilitate those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and implement the invention, and it should be understood that the examples described herein are only for illustrating and explaining the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an orchard ridge making machine comprises a gate-shaped frame 7, soil pushing mechanisms 2 are fixed on two sides of the front of the frame 7, the soil pushing mechanisms 2 are two soil pushing plates 201 which are eight soil pushing plates in the front and eight soil pushing plates in the front, the two soil pushing plates 201 are respectively fixed on two sides of the front of the frame 7, and the front refers to the travelling direction. When the ridge making machine advances forwards, the two earth moving plates 201 of the outer eight gather the earth preliminarily to form a preliminary ridge blank.

The frame 7 includes two side frames 701 and the roof-rack 702 of setting on two side frames 701, and two side frames 701 inboards all are provided with system ridge mechanism 6, and the system ridge mechanism 6 that two side frames 701 inboards set up is two system ridge boards 601 that are the splayed and place. Two ridge making plates 601 placed in a splayed shape carry out final compaction and shape modification on two sides of a ridge body sequentially processed by the soil shifter 2, the ridge repairing mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 3.

Still be provided with press mechanism 3 in the frame 7, press mechanism 3 establishes the press wheel 301 of fixing at 15 both ends of press wheel axle including press wheel axle 15 and cover, two press wheels 301 are located the place ahead of two system ridge boards 601 respectively, the place ahead is the direction of travel, press wheel axle 15 transversely sets up and puts the output shaft coupling of gearbox 11 with the side, the input shaft and the 8 coupling of transmission shaft of gearbox 11 are put to the side, transmission shaft 8 is connected with the output shaft of power gearbox 10, the input shaft and the tractor power output shaft coupling of power gearbox 10. The press wheel 301 and the press wheel shaft 15 are both located in the front of the ridge making plate 601 and behind the ridge forming mechanism 4, the ridge forming mechanism 4 crushes the preliminary ridge blanks from the two sides of the preliminary ridge blanks, the press wheel 301 rotating on the two sides of the broken preliminary ridge blanks preliminarily shapes the broken preliminary ridge blanks, and the press wheel shaft 15 is used for forming a top plane of the ridge body.

The ballasting wheel shaft 15 is also coupled with an input shaft of the ridge trimming transmission gear box 12, an output shaft of the ridge trimming transmission gear box 12 is coupled with a rotating shaft of a first bevel gear 17, the first bevel gear 17 is meshed with a second bevel gear 20, the rotating shaft of the second bevel gear 20 is coupled with one end of a ridge trimming transmission shaft 21, a ridge trimming wheel 18 is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the ridge trimming transmission shaft 21, and the ridge trimming wheel 18 is in a gear shape. The ridging wheels 18 are located in front of the press wheel 301. The ballasting wheel shaft 15 is also used for providing power for the rotation of the first bevel gear 17 through the ridge trimming transmission gear box 12, the first bevel gear 17 drives the second bevel gear 20 to rotate, the second bevel gear 20 drives the ridge trimming transmission shaft 21 to rotate, and then drives the ridge trimming wheel 18 to rotate, and the ridge trimming wheel 18 crushes the preliminary ridge blanks after the bulldozer mechanism 2 is processed from two sides, so that the soil is more fluffy, soil gaps are increased, and the follow-up planting is convenient. Preferably, the projection direction of the ridging transmission shaft 21 on the horizontal plane is a 45-degree inward deflection angle in the forward advancing direction, and the projection direction of the ridging transmission shaft 21 on the vertical plane is a 45-degree downward deflection angle in the horizontal line.

The ridge-trimming mechanism shell 16 is fixed on the outer side of the ridge-trimming transmission gear box 12, the first bevel gear 17 and the second bevel gear 20 are positioned in the ridge-trimming transmission gear box 12, the transmission shaft shell 22 is sleeved on the ridge-trimming transmission shaft 21, and one end of the transmission shaft shell 22 is fixed on the ridge-trimming mechanism shell 16. Two bearings are sleeved on the ridge trimming transmission shaft 21 and are respectively fixed on the outer side of the ridge trimming transmission gear box 12 and in the transmission shaft shell 22. The ridging mechanism housing 16 serves as a fixed housing and provides support and protection for the first bevel gear 17 and the second bevel gear 20, and the ridging mechanism housing 16 also provides a fixed foundation for the transmission shaft housing 22, so that the ridging transmission shaft 21 is supported and protected.

The side frame 701 comprises an upper side frame 7011 and a lower side frame 7012, the upper side frame 7011 and the lower side frame 7012 are connected through a support telescopic shaft 23, a damping spring 25 is sleeved on the support telescopic shaft 23, and the damping spring 25 is connected with the upper side frame 7011 and the lower side frame 7012 respectively. The two ends of the ballast wheel shaft 15 are arranged on the upper side frames 7011 of the two side frames 701 through bearings, the housing 16 of the ridge trimming mechanism is fixed on the upper side frames 7011, the housing 16 of the ridge trimming mechanism is connected with the lower side frames 7012 through the housing telescopic shaft 24, and the housing telescopic shaft 24 is sleeved with a damping spring 25. The bottom of the lower side frame 7012 is provided with rollers 26. The damping spring 25 plays a role in damping, and meanwhile, a certain elastic redundancy is provided between the upper side frame 7011 and the lower side frame 7012, so that the ridge making machine is more stable and smooth in the advancing process, and preferably, the support telescopic shaft 23 and the shell telescopic shaft 24 can adopt damping telescopic shafts.

The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains may make modifications to the described embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention or the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ridge making machine for an orchard comprises a door-shaped rack (7) and is characterized in that soil pushing mechanisms (2) are fixed on two sides of the front of the rack (7), the rack (7) comprises two side frames (701) and top frames (702) arranged on the two side frames (701), ridge making mechanisms (6) are arranged on the inner sides of the two side frames (701), a pressing mechanism (3) is further arranged on the rack (7), the pressing mechanism (3) comprises a pressing wheel shaft (15) and pressing wheels (301) sleeved and fixed at two ends of the pressing wheel shaft (15), the pressing wheels (301) are located in front of the ridge making mechanisms (6), the ridge making mechanisms (6) are two ridge making plates (601) placed in a splayed shape,

the press wheel shaft (15) is transversely arranged and is coupled with an output shaft of the side gearbox (11), an input shaft of the side gearbox (11) is coupled with the transmission shaft (8), the transmission shaft (8) is connected with an output shaft of the power gearbox (10), an input shaft of the power gearbox (10) is coupled with a power output shaft of a tractor,

the ridge-repairing device is characterized in that the pressing wheel shaft (15) is also in shaft connection with an input shaft of the ridge-repairing transmission gear box (12), an output shaft of the ridge-repairing transmission gear box (12) is in shaft connection with a rotating shaft of a first bevel gear (17), the first bevel gear (17) is meshed with a second bevel gear (20), a rotating shaft of the second bevel gear (20) is in shaft connection with one end of a ridge-repairing transmission shaft (21), the other end of the ridge-repairing transmission shaft (21) is sleeved with and fixed with a ridge-repairing wheel (18), the ridge-repairing wheel (18) is positioned in front of the pressing wheel (301), the direction of the projection of the ridge-repairing transmission shaft (21) on the horizontal plane is a forward advancing direction and inward deflection 45 degrees, the projection of the ridge-repairing transmission shaft (21) on the vertical plane is a horizontal line and downward deflection 45 degrees,

the outer side of the ridge trimming transmission gear box (12) is fixed with a ridge trimming mechanism shell (16), a first bevel gear (17) and a second bevel gear (20) are positioned in the ridge trimming transmission gear box (12), a transmission shaft shell (22) is sleeved on a ridge trimming transmission shaft (21), one end of the transmission shaft shell (22) is fixed on the ridge trimming mechanism shell (16), two bearings are sleeved on the ridge trimming transmission shaft (21), the two bearings are respectively fixed on the outer side of the ridge trimming transmission gear box (12) and in the transmission shaft shell (22),

side frame (701) including upper portion side frame (7011) and lower part side frame (7012), connect through support telescopic shaft (23) between upper portion side frame (7011) and lower part side frame (7012), the cover is equipped with damping spring (25) on support telescopic shaft (23), damping spring (25) are connected with upper portion side frame (7011) and lower part side frame (7012) respectively, upper portion side frame (7011) of bearing setting at two side frames (701) are passed through at ballast wheel axle (15) both ends, it fixes at upper portion side frame (7011) to repair ridge mechanism shell (16), it is connected with lower part side frame (7012) through shell telescopic shaft (24) to repair ridge mechanism shell (16), the cover is equipped with damping spring (25) on shell telescopic shaft (24), lower part side frame (7012) bottom is provided with gyro wheel (26).