CN113872653A - Beam forming method based on earth matching - Google Patents
Beam forming method based on earth matching Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113872653A CN113872653A CN202111162096.8A CN202111162096A CN113872653A CN 113872653 A CN113872653 A CN 113872653A CN 202111162096 A CN202111162096 A CN 202111162096A CN 113872653 A CN113872653 A CN 113872653A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sub
- coverage
- earth
- satellite
- region
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a beam forming method based on earth matching, which comprises the following steps of S1: determining a satellite beam coverage area target, and dividing the satellite beam coverage area to obtain a plurality of sub-areas; s2: obtaining a normalized space attenuation curve according to the geometric relation between the satellite and the earth; s3: calculating a gain value which needs to be met by covering each subarea according to the normalized null attenuation curve, and performing beamforming covering design on each subarea by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain a beamforming gain directional diagram; s4: adjusting each sub-region to enable the beam forming gain directional diagram to meet the coverage requirement of a normalized null attenuation curve; s5: and after the design of the beamforming coverage of all the sub-area beams is completed, counting the coverage rate in the whole satellite beam coverage area. The invention is designed in different areas according to beam division and color multiplexing, and the antenna directional diagram main beam earth matching avoids same frequency interference and improves the accuracy of beam forming design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a beam forming method based on earth matching.
Background
For the medium and low orbit space vehicle, because of the obvious influence of the curvature of the earth, the transmission paths of the vehicle to ground stations with different angles are different, and the transmission path is longer when the angle is larger, and the path loss is larger; to compensate for this loss, an on-satellite shaped beam design is typically employed. In an LEO satellite mobile communication system, equal flux coverage and optimal beam forming are key technologies for improving the coverage efficiency of a satellite-borne antenna and ensuring the maximum system capacity.
Beamforming refers to creating a pattern of irregularities as needed to achieve coverage of a particular area. The coverage pattern of the satellite determines the marketable market it can serve and the flexibility of extending the service. Early shaped beam antennas implemented regional beam shaping with a single feed plus reflector to cover a country or hemisphere. Many current satellite communication systems employ constellations to provide continuous seamless coverage around the globe. The rise in communication traffic causes spectrum congestion and single beam coverage often fails to meet the user requirements. The multiple spot beam covering scheme adopting frequency multiplexing can greatly improve the system capacity, increase the flexibility of the system and effectively increase the effective omnidirectional radiation power (EIRP). The frequency resource of the whole system is divided into a plurality of frequency bands, and adjacent beams adopt different frequency or polarization forms to avoid mutual interference. The shape of each beam is also shaped. The multiple beams required for the shaped coverage can be generated by illuminating the reflecting surface with multiple feed sources or by a phased array antenna through a multiple beam network.
Common methods for beamforming include chebyshev synthesis and taylor synthesis, fourier transform, Woodward-Lawson, perturbation method. The synthesis methods have a typical characteristic that the complex directional diagram synthesis technology is required to be adopted for the formation of the array antenna with any shape aiming at the typical aperture distribution.
The existing reflector beam forming method cannot scan at a large angle, cannot generate more beams, has insufficient flexibility and cannot form based on earth matching.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that the existing reflector wave beam shaping method can not scan in a large angle, can not generate more wave beams, has insufficient flexibility of wave beam shaping, and can not be based on earth matching shaping. The purpose is to provide a beamforming method based on earth matching, and the technical problem is solved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a beam forming method based on earth matching comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a satellite beam coverage area target, and dividing the satellite beam coverage area to obtain a plurality of sub-areas;
s2: obtaining a normalized space attenuation curve of an antenna scanning angle and path loss according to the geometric relation between a satellite and the earth;
s3: calculating a gain value which needs to be met by coverage of each sub-region according to the normalized null attenuation curve, and performing beam forming coverage design on each sub-region by adopting a particle swarm algorithm based on the gain value which needs to be met by coverage of each sub-region to obtain a beam forming gain directional diagram of each sub-region;
s4: adjusting each sub-region to enable the beam forming gain directional diagram of each sub-region to meet the coverage requirement of a normalized null attenuation curve;
s5: and after the design of the beamforming coverage of all the sub-area beams is completed, counting the coverage rate in the whole satellite beam coverage area.
Further, in step S1, the determining the satellite beam coverage area target specifically includes: determining the spatial region covered by the satellite beam as [ Theta ]n，Phim](ii) a N ═ 1, 2, 3.. N; m1, 2, 3.. M; phi is an angle in a horizontal plane, and the range is 0-360 degrees; theta is an angle in a pitching plane, and the range is 0-60 degrees.
Further, in step S1, the dividing the satellite beam coverage area to obtain a plurality of sub-areas specifically includes: spatial region covered by satellite beam [ Theta ]n，Phim]Dividing the circular cone into a plurality of sub-areas, dividing the circular cone into n-Theta conical rings in Theta direction, and equally dividing each conical ring into n-phikWhere k is 1, 2 … … n _ theta.
Further, in step S2, the obtaining a normalized null attenuation curve of the antenna scanning angle and the path loss according to the geometric relationship between the satellite and the earth specifically includes: calculating path loss according to the geometric relationship between the satellite and the earth, wherein the earth model is spherical, the radius Re, the satellite orbit height is h, the complementary angle of the latitude at a certain point on the earth surface is alpha, the antenna scanning angle is theta,
distance of a point on the earth's surface from the antenna
The path loss is expressed as:
loss is the path loss, f is the frequency, and d is the distance from the antenna at a point on the earth's surface.
Further, step S3 specifically includes: and calculating the gain condition which needs to be met by covering each subarea according to the normalized null attenuation curve, taking the gain condition which needs to be met by covering each subarea as a target function for beamforming each subarea, and then adopting a particle swarm algorithm to individually shape each subarea to obtain a beamforming gain directional diagram.
Further, step S4 specifically includes: and circularly adjusting the subarea division, the antenna subarray division and the algorithm setting to enable the beam forming gain directional diagram of each subarea to meet the coverage requirement of the normalized null attenuation curve.
Further, step S5 specifically includes: after all beam coverage designs are completed, the whole space [ Theta ] is countedn，Phim]Coverage within a region, repeating the beamforming coverage design for each sub-region until the entire space [ Theta ]n，Phim]The area coverage rate meets the requirements.
Furthermore, when the beam forming design is performed on each sub-area, all antenna array elements are adopted to work.
When the beamforming design is performed on each sub-area, all antenna elements may be used for operation, or part of the antenna elements may be used for operation, and if part of the antenna elements is used for operation, the M × N two-dimensional antenna array needs to be divided into K sub-arrays for covering the [ (N _ phi ]) sub-areas, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Each array channel is used as a coverage once in the first region [ (N _ phi) k ] where the number of uses is recorded as one, and when all the sub-regions [ (N _ phi) k ] are counted, the number of uses per array channel is recorded as U _ (M × N) where M × N is the number of array elements. All U _ (M × N) should be equal to ensure that the single channel power is equal for full beam use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the beam forming method based on the earth matching considers the energy loss caused by the path difference from the satellite to the earth, and achieves the purpose of equal-flux coverage; the phase weighting avoids power loss caused by amplitude weighting, and according to beam division and color multiplexing in different areas with the same color, an antenna directional diagram main beam earth matching design is adopted, a side lobe forms zero depth, and same frequency interference is avoided. The coverage rate statistical method based on the direction angle solves the problem of inaccurate coverage rate statistics caused by different sampling rates of different theta angles of a directional diagram expressed by the polar coordinates of the antenna, and improves the accuracy of beam forming design.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a geometric diagram of a satellite in relation to the earth;
FIG. 2 is a normalized null-attenuation plot of antenna scan angle versus path loss;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a 12-color multiplexing allocation scheme; wherein each number represents one color for a total of 12 colors;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of color multiplexing;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a particle swarm algorithm;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of one of the beamforming in the sub-regions within the first conical ring;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of one of the beamforming in the sub-regions within the second conical ring;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of one of the beamforming in the sub-regions within the third conical ring;
FIG. 10 is an 18.3dB equal flux coverage by edge;
fig. 11 is a schematic of the beam profile for an 18.3dB edge isocurrent overlay.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the requirement of EIRP coverage, the covered space region is [ Theta ]n，Phim]Wherein N is 1, 2, 3 … … N, M is 1, 2, 3 … … M, Theta is belonged to (0, 60) deg, Phi is belonged to (0, 360) deg.
Step two: according to the required number Num of beams, the space region [ Theta ]n，Phim]Divided into Num sub-regions, n-Theta conic rings in Theta direction, and n-phi conic rings for each conic ringkWhere k is 1, 2 … … n _ theta. As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, 3 conic rings are divided in Theta direction, the first conic ring is divided into 4 sub-regions, the second conic ring is divided into 16 sub-regions, and the third conic ring is divided intoDivided into 32 sub-regions.
Step three: and calculating a gain condition which needs to be met by covering each subarea according to the null attenuation curve, and taking the gain condition as a target function of beamforming of each subarea.
Step four: and (3) individually shaping each subregion by adopting a particle swarm algorithm. When the beam forming design is carried out on each subregion, all antenna array elements can be adopted for working, partial antenna array elements can also be adopted for working, if partial array elements are adopted for working, the two-dimensional antenna array with the scale of M multiplied by N needs to be divided into K sub-arrays for covering the nth _ phikA sub-region. Each array element channel is used as the nth _ phi oncekCovering the sub-region, and recording the number of times of use as one time when all n _ phikWhen the sub-regions are counted, the using times of each array element channel are recorded as UM×NAnd M multiplied by N is the number of array elements. All UM×NShould be equal to ensure that the single channel power is equal for full beam use.
Step five: and forming the sub-array sub-area wave beams by adopting an ion group algorithm, and circularly adjusting sub-area division, sub-array division and algorithm setting to enable a forming gain directional diagram to meet the coverage requirement of a null attenuation curve.
Step six: after all Num beam coverage designs are completed, the whole space [ Theta ] is countedn，Phim]Coverage within a region, repeating each sub-region coverage design until the entire space [ Theta ]n，Phim]The area coverage rate meets the requirements.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the examples and the figures:
first, equal flux calculation
For a low earth orbit satellite, the beam scanning angle is large, and therefore, the path transmission loss difference in each scanning direction under the satellite is large. The geometric relationship between the satellite and the earth is shown in figure 1, the antenna is arranged on the satellite, the normal line of the antenna surface points to the earth center, the earth model is spherical, the radius Re, the orbit height of the satellite is h, the complementary angle of the latitude at a certain point on the earth surface is alpha, the scanning angle of the antenna is theta,
The satellite-ground communication loop channel environment is mainly a rice channel, the path loss is mainly a free space path loss, and the path loss increases with the increase of the scanning angle theta:
where loss is the path loss, f is the frequency, and d is the distance from a point on the earth's surface to the antenna.
Through the analysis of the geometric relationship of the satellite earth, the normalized null attenuation curve of the antenna scanning angle (pitch angle) and the path loss as shown in fig. 2 can be obtained according to the satellite height. As shown in fig. 2, the maximum scan angle of this digital multi-beam study based on earth matching reaches 55 °, and it can be seen that the path transmission loss difference between the beam edge point and the intersatellite point is about 7.5 dB.
According to the requirement of EIRP coverage, the covered space region is [ Theta ]n，Phim]Wherein N is 1, 2, 3 … … N, M is 1, 2, 3 … … M, Theta is belonged to (0, 60) deg, Phi is belonged to (0, 360) deg.
According to the required number Num of beams, the space region [ Theta ]n，Phim]Divided into Num sub-regions, n-Theta conic rings in Theta direction, and n-phi conic rings for each conic ringkWhere k is 1, 2 … … n _ theta.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, 3 conical rings are divided in the Theta direction, the first conical ring is divided into 4 sub-regions, the second conical ring is divided into 16 sub-regions, and the third conical ring is divided into 32 sub-regions, so that the total number of sub-regions is 52.
As shown in fig. 3, 52 sub-regions correspond to 52 beams, each of beams 1-4 adopts one color, the middle and outer beams have one color for each of 6 beams, and the 6 beams correspond to the same frequency. In order to avoid the co-channel interference of adjacent beams, different frequencies are adopted for adjacent areas, and the purpose of reducing interference and improving capacity is achieved through reasonable frequency allocation.
And calculating a gain condition which needs to be met by covering each subarea according to the normalized space attenuation curve of the antenna scanning angle and the path loss, and taking the gain condition as a target function of beam forming of each subarea.
Three, phase only beamforming
The beamforming method based on earth matching in this embodiment may use phase-only weighting, since the EIRP is equal to the gain plus the input power, which may cause an increase in power or an increase in array size.
Assuming that the ith particle is represented by X ═ xi1, xi2, …, xiD, the velocity and optimum experienced position of the particle are X ═ xi1, xi2, …, xiD, Pbest ═ pi1, pi2, …, piD, respectively, and the optimum experienced position of all particles in the population is Gbest. The velocity and position updating formula of j dimension (j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to D) of each generation of individuals is as follows:
(1)Vij＝W*Vij+C1*rand1*(Pbest-Xij)+C2*rand2*(Gbest-Xij)
(2)Xij＝Xij+Vij
in the formula, rand1 and rand2 are two random numbers with the value between 0 and 1; c1 and c2 are learning factors, and can be directly c 1-c 2-2; w is a weighting coefficient, and the value of w is between 0.1 and 0.9. Furthermore, if the velocity vij of the particles should be less than a maximum velocity vmax, the velocity of the particles should be limited to vmax when accelerated beyond vmax. The analysis formula (1) can find that the updated speed of the particles is composed of three parts: the first part is the velocity of the particle itself; the second part is the result of the cognitive update of the particles through self search; the third part is the result of further updating of the particles through group communication learning.
In this embodiment, a particle swarm algorithm is used to implement antenna beam forming, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flow chart of the particle swarm algorithm, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 3.1: initializing the position and speed of a particle swarm;
step 3.2: calculating an adaptive value of each particle in the particle swarm;
step 3.3: for each particle, comparing the current adaptive value with the adaptive value corresponding to the historical optimal position (pbest) of the particle, and if the current adaptive value is higher, updating the historical optimal position pbest of the particle individual by using the current position;
step 3.4: for each particle, comparing the current adaptive value with the adaptive value corresponding to the global optimal position (gbest), and if the current adaptive value is higher, updating the historical optimal position gbest of the particle group by using the current position;
step 3.5: recording the optimal value of the particles and the optimal value of the population, and updating the speed and the position of the particles;
step 3.6: if the termination condition is not reached, go to step 3.2.
According to the normalized null attenuation curve of the antenna scanning angle and the path loss as shown in fig. 2, the gain condition that each sub-region coverage needs to satisfy is calculated, and the gain condition is used as the target function of the beam forming of each sub-region. And (3) carrying out individual shaping design on each subregion by adopting a particle swarm algorithm.
As shown in fig. 7-9, it can be seen from fig. 7 that with beamforming, a ring of beams covers the target area; it can be seen from fig. 8 that with beamforming, two turns of the beam cover the target area; it can be seen from fig. 9 that the three-turn beam covers the target area by beamforming.
When the beamforming design is performed on each sub-region, all antenna elements may be used for operation, or some antenna elements may be used for operation, and if some antenna elements are used for operation, the M × N two-dimensional antenna array needs to be divided into K sub-arrays for covering the first (N _ phi) sub-region.
Each array channel is used as a coverage once in the first region [ (N _ phi) k ] where the number of uses is recorded as one, and when all the sub-regions [ (N _ phi) k ] are counted, the number of uses per array channel is recorded as U _ (M × N) where M × N is the number of array elements. All U _ (M × N) should be equal to ensure that the single channel power is equal for full beam use.
And forming the sub-array sub-area wave beams by adopting an ion group algorithm, and circularly adjusting sub-area division, sub-array division and algorithm setting to enable a forming gain directional diagram to meet the coverage requirement of a null attenuation curve.
Third, beam coverage statistics
After all Num beam coverage designs are completed, the whole space [ Theta ] is countedn，Phim]Coverage within a region, repeating each sub-region coverage design until the entire space [ Theta ]n，Phim]The area coverage rate meets the requirements.
In this embodiment, a coverage statistical method based on direction angles is adopted, for polar coordinates under an antenna coordinate, a directional diagram is expressed by a (theta, phi) matrix, and a coverage is counted by using a three-dimensional direction angle corresponding to each coordinate as a weight, so that the situation of spatial coverage is better expressed. From the solid angle d Ω being sin θ d θ d Φ, the polar coordinate matrix P is integrated to obtain the direction angle weight matrix Ω, and the coverage is: (P > Eq) Ω/Ω total, where Ω total represents the total azimuth angle within the coverage area.
Fig. 10 is a statistical diagram of beam coverage, where the 18.3dB antenna coordinate coverage rate reaches 99.89% according to the flux coverage of 18.3dB edge, and fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the beam coverage profile according to the 18.3dB edge.
The following table lists the carrier-to-interference ratio C/I for the reception case.
TABLE 12C/I of colors
The carrier-to-interference ratio C/I of the embodiment is larger than 16dB through beamforming.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A beamforming method based on earth matching is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: determining a satellite beam coverage area target, and dividing the satellite beam coverage area to obtain a plurality of sub-areas;
s2: obtaining a normalized space attenuation curve of an antenna scanning angle and path loss according to the geometric relation between a satellite and the earth;
s3: calculating a gain value which needs to be met by coverage of each sub-region according to the normalized null attenuation curve, and performing beam forming coverage design on each sub-region by adopting a particle swarm algorithm based on the gain value which needs to be met by coverage of each sub-region to obtain a beam forming gain directional diagram of each sub-region;
s4: adjusting each sub-region to enable the beam forming gain directional diagram of each sub-region to meet the coverage requirement of a normalized null attenuation curve;
s5: and after the design of the beamforming coverage of all the sub-area beams is completed, counting the coverage rate in the whole satellite beam coverage area.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the determining the satellite beam coverage area target specifically comprises: determining the spatial region covered by the satellite beam as [ Theta ]n，Phim](ii) a Wherein N is 1, 2, 3 … … N; m is 1, 2, 3 … … M; phi is an angle in a horizontal plane, and the range is 0-360 degrees; theta is an angle in a pitching plane, and the range is 0-60 degrees.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S1, the satellite beam coverage area is divided into a plurality of sub-areas, specifically: spatial region covered by satellite beam [ Theta ]n，Phim]Dividing the circular cone into a plurality of sub-areas, dividing the circular cone into n-Theta conical rings in Theta direction, and equally dividing each conical ring into n-phikWhere k is 1, 2 … … n _ theta.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step S2 of obtaining the normalized null attenuation curve of antenna scanning angle and path loss according to the geometric relationship between the satellite and the earth includes: calculating path loss according to the geometric relationship between the satellite and the earth, wherein the earth is spherical, the radius of the earth is Re, the orbital height of the satellite is h, the complementary angle of one point latitude on the earth surface is alpha, the scanning angle of the antenna is theta,
distance of a point on the earth's surface from the antenna
The path loss is expressed as:
loss is the path loss, f is the frequency, and d is the distance from the antenna at a point on the earth's surface.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S3 specifically includes: and calculating the gain condition which needs to be met by covering each subarea according to the normalized null attenuation curve, taking the gain condition which needs to be met by covering each subarea as a target function for beamforming each subarea, and then adopting a particle swarm algorithm to individually shape each subarea to obtain a beamforming gain directional diagram.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S4 specifically includes: and circularly adjusting the subarea division, the antenna subarray division and the algorithm setting to enable the beam forming gain directional diagram of each subarea to meet the coverage requirement of the normalized null attenuation curve.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S5 specifically includes: after all beam coverage designs are completed, the whole space [ Theta ] is countedn，Phim]Coverage within a region, repeating the beamforming coverage design for each sub-region until the entire space [ Theta ]n，Phim]The area coverage rate meets the requirements.
8. The beamforming method based on earth matching according to claim 5, wherein all antenna elements are used for the beamforming design of each sub-region.
9. The beamforming method based on earth matching according to claim 5, wherein for each sub-area, during beamforming design, partial antenna array elements are used to work, and the mxn-scale two-dimensional antenna array is divided into K sub-arrays for covering the nth _ phikAnd a sub-region, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein each array element channel is used as the nth _ phi oncekCovering the sub-region, and recording the number of times of use as one time when all n _ phikWhen the sub-regions are counted, the using times of each array element channel are recorded as UM×NM × N is the number of array elements, all UM×NShould be equal to ensure that the single channel power is equal for full beam use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111162096.8A CN113872653A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Beam forming method based on earth matching |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111162096.8A CN113872653A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Beam forming method based on earth matching |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113872653A true CN113872653A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
Family
ID=79001399
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111162096.8A Pending CN113872653A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Beam forming method based on earth matching |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113872653A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005099120A1 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-20 | Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. | A curve shaped intelligent antenna array and method of optimizing its structure parameter |
| US20130244572A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-19 | Agence Spatiale Europeenne | Method And A System Of Providing Multi-Beam Coverage Of A Region Of Interest In Multi-Beam Satellite Communication |
| CN109104228A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽蓝煜电子科技有限公司 | A kind of algorithm of wave beam forming |
| CN112672423A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 电子科技大学 | Low-orbit satellite multi-beam coverage area dividing method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-30 CN CN202111162096.8A patent/CN113872653A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005099120A1 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-20 | Da Tang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd. | A curve shaped intelligent antenna array and method of optimizing its structure parameter |
| US20130244572A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-19 | Agence Spatiale Europeenne | Method And A System Of Providing Multi-Beam Coverage Of A Region Of Interest In Multi-Beam Satellite Communication |
| CN109104228A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽蓝煜电子科技有限公司 | A kind of algorithm of wave beam forming |
| CN112672423A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 电子科技大学 | Low-orbit satellite multi-beam coverage area dividing method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103022728B (en) | Method for designing partial-feed paraboloid multi-beam antenna feed array | |
| WO2017121222A1 (en) | Phased array antenna having sub-arrays | |
| US9629000B2 (en) | Methods and apparatus for antenna elevation design | |
| KR20170036722A (en) | Method for adaptive beam placement in wireless systems | |
| US7161549B1 (en) | Single-aperture antenna system for producing multiple beams | |
| US10566698B2 (en) | Multifocal phased array fed reflector antenna | |
| CN107732464B (en) | Design method, system and medium of multivariable shaped beam antenna | |
| JP5020384B2 (en) | Satellite communication system and coverage area dividing method thereof | |
| Kallnichev | Analysis of beam-steering and directive characteristics of adaptive antenna arrays for mobile communications | |
| CN106329152A (en) | Array design method for hemispherical coverage beam forming | |
| CN114357767B (en) | Sum and difference beam sparse array synthesis method for wide-bandwidth angular beam scanning | |
| CN113252998B (en) | Flatness optimization method for sum and difference beam signal levels of phased array antenna | |
| CN113872653A (en) | Beam forming method based on earth matching | |
| CN101674114B (en) | Multi-sector space multiplexing method and system based on uniform circular array antenna | |
| Dessouky et al. | Improving the cellular coverage from a high altitude platform by novel tapered beamforming technique | |
| US11677456B2 (en) | Forming a beam from a subscriber module of a fixed wireless access communication system | |
| US11711117B2 (en) | Establishing wireless communication in a system forming a beam by selecting from a pre-determined plurality of antenna weight vectors | |
| Cheng et al. | Satellite ground stations with electronic beam steering | |
| CN115038095A (en) | Multi-beam coverage planning method for low-earth orbit satellite | |
| CN111817027B (en) | Method for designing vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna | |
| Mandal et al. | Thinned concentric circular array antenna synthesis using particle swarm optimization with constriction factor and inertia weight approach | |
| CN109103610B (en) | Multi-beam antenna with non-uniform sub-beam coverage and design method | |
| US20230268978A1 (en) | Forming a beam from a subscriber module of a fixed wireless access communication system | |
| US20230318664A1 (en) | Establishing wireless communication in a system forming a beam by selecting from a pre-determined plurality of antenna weight vectors | |
| Takano et al. | Proposal of an Array Antenna with Radially Arranged Linear Arrays and its Equivalence to an Aperture Antenna |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |