CN113871855A - Satellite payload machinery phased array antenna - Google Patents
Satellite payload machinery phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113871855A CN113871855A CN202111122763.XA CN202111122763A CN113871855A CN 113871855 A CN113871855 A CN 113871855A CN 202111122763 A CN202111122763 A CN 202111122763A CN 113871855 A CN113871855 A CN 113871855A
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna, which comprises a radiation polarization layer, a feed layer and an installation support layer which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer are both in a broadband structure; the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer work in a matched mode and are used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals in any direction; the mounting support layer is used for supporting the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer and driving the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer to rotate. The antenna has the characteristics of transmitting and receiving coplanarity, low cost, easy processing, low side lobe and low profile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of VICTS antenna design, and particularly relates to a satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna.
Background
At present, most of effective load antennas on a satellite are reflector antennas, the reflector antennas need to be folded and laid down when the satellite transmits due to factors such as high section, large volume and the like, a laying mechanism increases the complexity of a system and the weight of the satellite, the manufacturing cost of the effective load of the satellite and the transmitting cost of the satellite are directly increased, and meanwhile, unreliable factors are introduced; the traditional VICTS antenna transmitting and receiving units cannot be coplanar, so that the area occupied by the satellite is increased, and the use requirement of the satellite cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna provided by the invention solves the problems of high system complexity and heavy satellite weight caused by non-coplanar transmitting and receiving of the existing VICTS antenna.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna comprises a radiation polarization layer, a feed layer and a mounting support layer which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer are both in a broadband structure;
the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer work in a matched mode and are used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals in any direction; the mounting support layer is used for supporting the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer and driving the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer to rotate.
Further, the radiation polarization layer includes an upper polarization torsion layer and a lower radiation layer.
Furthermore, the upper torsion polarization layer comprises a dielectric substrate and a plurality of metal strips arranged on the dielectric substrate; the width of the metal strips and the gaps between the adjacent metal strips are set according to the working frequency band of the phased array antenna, and each working frequency band of the phased array antenna is provided with the corresponding width of the metal strips and the values of the gaps between the adjacent metal strips.
Furthermore, the number of the upper polarization torsion layers is set according to the application scenes of the phased array antenna, and each application scene has a corresponding value of the number of the upper polarization torsion layers.
Further, when the number of the upper polarization layers is greater than 1, the distance between two adjacent upper torsion layers is set according to the working frequency band of the phased array antenna, and each working frequency band of the phased array antenna has a corresponding distance value between two adjacent torsion layers.
Further, the lower radiation layer comprises a plurality of slotted rectangular metal strips, and a gap exists between every two adjacent rectangular metal strips.
Further, the shape of the radiation pattern of the phased array antenna is controlled by controlling the size of the slot of the rectangular metal strip and the distance between two adjacent rectangular metal strips.
Furthermore, a plurality of holes are formed in the embedding surfaces of the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer.
Further, the feed layer comprises a feed network, a mode conversion network and a slow wave structure network;
the feed network is used for energy distribution and transmission; the mode conversion network is used for converting an electromagnetic propagation mode in the waveguide; the slow wave structure network is used for transmission of electromagnetic energy and coupling between the slow wave structure network and the radiation polarization layer.
Further, the feed network is a closed waveguide network and comprises a power divider network and a duplex filter sub-network;
the mode conversion network is a closed waveguide network;
the slow wave structure network comprises a plurality of stepped step structures with different heights.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the phased array antenna is a VICTS full-duplex ultralow-frequency section payload antenna, and the size of the phased array antenna can meet the gain requirement from an S wave band to a W wave band;
(2) the design of the invention cancels the unfolding mechanism of the traditional reflector antenna, and can realize beam adjustment through simple plane rotation, thereby greatly increasing the reliability of the system and simultaneously reducing the cost;
(3) the feed layer and the radiation polarization layer in the invention are both in bandwidth structures, so that the VICTS antenna can transmit and receive coplanar;
(4) the shape of the required antenna radiation pattern can be controlled by controlling the size of the rectangular metal strips in the feed layer and the distance between two adjacent rectangular metal strips, so that the characteristic of low side lobe of the antenna is realized, and the adjacent satellite interference is prevented;
(5) the antenna is provided with the mounting support layer which can drive the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer to rotate, different beam directions of the antenna can be realized by adjusting the rotation angle between the layers, and the antenna has polarization diversity which can support linear polarization (horizontal, vertical) and circular polarization (left-hand rotation and right-hand rotation);
(6) in the invention, the holes are arranged on the embedded surface of the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer, so that the weight of the antenna is reduced (the phi 30cm antenna is less than 5 Kg);
(7) in the practical use process, the phased array antenna has the characteristics of large beam scanning coverage angle (+ -85 degrees), wide instantaneous bandwidth (20GHz) and low power consumption (the peak power consumption of each antenna is less than 20W).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of a radiation polarization layer provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an electrical schematic diagram of a feed layer according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mode conversion structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a slow wave structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of an antenna provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of beam scanning according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of another beam sweep provided by the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a radiation polarizing layer; 2. a feed layer; 3. mounting a support layer; 11. an upper polarized torsion layer; 12. a lower radiation layer; 21. a feed network; 22. a mode switching network; 23. a slow wave fabric network.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna comprises a radiation polarization layer, a feed layer and a mounting support layer 3 which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer are both in a broadband structure;
the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer work in a matched mode and are used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals in any direction; the mounting support layer 3 is used for supporting the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer and driving the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer to rotate.
In the embodiment, the feed layer couples energy distribution to the radiation polarization layer, the radiation polarization layer radiates energy directionally, the mounting support layer 3 drives the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer to concentrically rotate through the bearing, the beam direction of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle between the layers, the layers rotate through the wheel track, and the radiation polarization direction can be adjusted by rotating the polarization layer.
As shown in fig. 2, the radiation polarization layer in the present embodiment includes an upper polarization twist layer 11 and a lower radiation layer 12;
the upper torsion polarization layer comprises a dielectric substrate and a plurality of metal strips arranged on the dielectric substrate; the width of the metal strips and the gaps between the adjacent metal strips are set according to the working frequency band of the phased array antenna, and each working frequency band of the phased array antenna has the corresponding width of the metal strips and the value of the gaps between the adjacent metal strips
The number of layers of the upper polarization torsion layer 11 in this embodiment is set according to the application scenarios of the phased array antenna, each application scenario has a corresponding value of the number of layers of the upper polarization torsion layer 11, generally, 5 layers are not necessary, the more the number of layers is, the wider the bandwidth is, the higher the polarization purity is, but the higher the loss is, the general satellite communication application adopts a 2-4-layer structure design, and the upper polarization torsion layer 11 in this embodiment is a 3-layer structure;
when the number of layers of the upper polarization layer is greater than 1, the distance between two adjacent upper torsion layers is set according to the working frequency band of the phased array antenna, each working frequency band of the phased array antenna has a corresponding distance value between two adjacent torsion layers, and polarization torsion can be achieved through rotation between different polarization torsion layers in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower radiation layer 12 in this embodiment includes a plurality of slotted rectangular metal strips, and a gap exists between two adjacent rectangular metal strips; in this embodiment, the slot size of each rectangular metal strip may be the same or different, the gap between two adjacent rectangular metal strips may be the same or different, and the electromagnetic wave transmitted on the feed layer is radiated through the gap between two adjacent rectangular metal strips.
In this embodiment, the shape of the radiation pattern of the phased array antenna can be controlled by controlling the slot size of the rectangular metal strip and the distance between two adjacent rectangular metal strips, so as to realize the performance of low side lobe of the antenna. Specifically, the size of the slot is in direct proportion to the radiation current, the larger the size of the slot is, the more the radiation current is, and the radiation current on the surface of the metal strip can be controlled by controlling the size of the slot, so that a required radiation pattern is synthesized.
In this embodiment, the embedding surfaces of the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer in fig. 1 are both provided with a plurality of holes, so as to reduce the weight of the antenna structure and reduce the weight of the antenna structure.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the feed layer includes a feed network 21, a mode conversion network 22, and a slow-wave structure network 23; the feed network 21 has N ports, and is connected with the mode conversion network and then converged into one port, and the electric wave mode is converted from the TE mode to the TEM mode and then connected with the slow wave structure network;
the feed network 21 is used for energy distribution and transmission; the mode conversion network 22 is used for converting an electromagnetic propagation mode in the waveguide; the slow wave structure is used for transmission of electromagnetic energy and coupling between the slow wave structure and the radiation polarization layer.
The feed network 21 in this embodiment is a closed waveguide network, and is composed of a series of rectangular waveguides and T-shaped sections, a diaphragm is arranged in the middle of each T-shaped section, and the distribution and impedance matching characteristics of the signal energy of the feed network can be controlled by adjusting the size and position of the diaphragm, and specifically includes a power distribution sub-network and a duplex filter sub-network, so that signal duplex communication and power distribution are realized, wherein the power distribution sub-network includes the rectangular waveguides and the T-shaped sections, and the diaphragm is arranged in the middle of each T-shaped section, and the distribution and impedance matching characteristics of the signal energy of the feed network can be controlled by adjusting the size and position of the diaphragm; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the mode conversion network 22 is a closed waveguide network, and realizes the conversion from the main mode of the waveguide in the feed network 21 to the quasi-TEM mode; the slow wave structure network 23 includes a plurality of stepped step structures with different heights, so that the magnitude of energy radiation is controlled while slow wave transmission is realized.
In this embodiment, the working process of the phased array antenna is as follows: signals enter from an input port of a feed layer, the capacity is distributed to different areas on the aperture surface of an antenna through a feed network 21, the mode transmitted by the feed network 21 is matched with the transmission mode of a slow wave structure network 23 through a mode conversion network 22, and finally energy coupling and transmission are carried out through the slow wave structure network 23 to transmit the signals to a radiation polarization layer; in the radiation polarization layer, a signal is first radiated through the lower radiation layer 12, and then an electromagnetic signal polarization torsion is performed through the polarization layer, so that the signal polarization direction is adjusted to a desired direction.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 6 to 8, which are schematic diagrams based on simulation results of the phased array antenna in embodiment 1, it can be seen from the diagrams that, in an actual use process, the phased array antenna in the present invention has characteristics of a large beam scanning coverage angle (± 70 °), a wide instantaneous bandwidth (500MHz), and low power consumption (peak power consumption of each antenna is less than 20W).
Claims (10)
1. A satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna is characterized by comprising a radiation polarization layer (1), a feed layer (2) and a mounting support layer (3) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the radiation polarization layer (1) and the feed layer (2) are both in a broadband structure;
the radiation polarization layer (1) and the feed layer (2) work in a matched mode and are used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals in any direction; the mounting support layer (3) is used for supporting the radiation polarization layer (1) and the feed layer (2) and driving the radiation polarization layer and the feed layer to rotate.
2. Satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterised in that the radiation polarising layer (1) comprises an upper polarising torsion layer (11) and a lower radiation layer (12).
3. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 2, wherein the upper torsional polarization layer comprises a dielectric substrate, and a plurality of metal strips disposed on the dielectric substrate; the width of the metal strips and the gaps between the adjacent metal strips are set according to the working frequency band of the phased array antenna, and each working frequency band of the phased array antenna is provided with the corresponding width of the metal strips and the values of the gaps between the adjacent metal strips.
4. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 2, wherein the number of layers of the upper polarization torsion layer (11) is set according to an application scenario of the phased array antenna, each application scenario having a corresponding value for the number of layers of the upper polarization torsion layer (11).
5. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 4, wherein when the number of the upper polarization layers is greater than 1, the distance between two adjacent upper torsion layers is set according to an operating frequency band of the phased array antenna, and each operating frequency band of the phased array antenna has a value corresponding to the distance between two adjacent torsion layers.
6. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 2, wherein the lower radiating layer (12) comprises a plurality of slotted rectangular metal strips with a gap between adjacent ones of the rectangular metal strips.
7. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 6, wherein the shape of the phased array antenna radiation pattern is controlled by controlling the slot size of the rectangular metal strip and the distance between two adjacent rectangular metal strips.
8. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the mating surfaces of the radiation polarization layer (1) and the feed layer (2) are each provided with a plurality of holes.
9. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 2, wherein the feed layer (2) comprises a feed network (21), a mode conversion network (22), and a slow wave structure network (23);
the feed network (21) is used for energy distribution and transmission; the mode conversion network (22) is used for converting an electromagnetic propagation mode in the waveguide; the slow-wave structure network (23) is used for transmission of electromagnetic energy and coupling thereof with the radiation polarization layer (1).
10. The satellite payload mechanical phased array antenna of claim 7, wherein the feed network (21) is a closed waveguide network comprising a power divider network and a duplex filter sub-network;
the mode conversion network (22) is a closed waveguide network;
the slow wave structure network (23) comprises a plurality of stepped step structures with different heights.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111122763.XA CN113871855A (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Satellite payload machinery phased array antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111122763.XA CN113871855A (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Satellite payload machinery phased array antenna |
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| US4574287A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1986-03-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fixed aperture, rotating feed, beam scanning antenna system |
| US6351247B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2002-02-26 | The Boeing Company | Low cost polarization twist space-fed E-scan planar phased array antenna |
| CN102593589A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Single pulse wide angle electric scanning reflective array antenna |
| CN105655720A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-08 | 上海大学 | Broad-band high-gain scannable panel antenna of parabolic reflection surface feeding |
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| CN107331977A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-11-07 | 电子科技大学 | The strong mutual coupling phased array antenna of the low RCS ultra wide bandwidths angle sweep of low section based on polarization conversion material |
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| CN109755757A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | Wideband encoding folding mirror array antenna based on sub-wavelength single layer reflector element |
| US20200313303A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-01 | ThinKom Solutions, Inc | Linear-to-cp polarizer with enhanced performance in victs antennas |
| CN112018524A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-12-01 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Design method of single-port input arbitrary N-port output VICTS feed excitation layer |
| CN113013638A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-22 | 南京理工大学 | Broadband folding type plane reflection array antenna |
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2021
- 2021-09-24 CN CN202111122763.XA patent/CN113871855A/en active Pending
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| US4574287A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1986-03-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fixed aperture, rotating feed, beam scanning antenna system |
| US6351247B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2002-02-26 | The Boeing Company | Low cost polarization twist space-fed E-scan planar phased array antenna |
| CN102593589A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Single pulse wide angle electric scanning reflective array antenna |
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