CN112768882B - Dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual-patch loading - Google Patents
Dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual-patch loading Download PDFInfo
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- CN112768882B CN112768882B CN202011417592.9A CN202011417592A CN112768882B CN 112768882 B CN112768882 B CN 112768882B CN 202011417592 A CN202011417592 A CN 202011417592A CN 112768882 B CN112768882 B CN 112768882B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual patch loading, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna is composed of four antenna units and a microstrip power divider. The four antenna element structures are identical and are spaced adjacent to each other by 0.53 wavelength. Four output ports of the microstrip power divider are in equal-radiation and same-phase, and three T-shaped branch sections are adopted to improve impedance matching. The unit adopts two square metal patches, and a metal floor with a rectangular groove etched is arranged between the two patches to realize energy coupling. In order to realize the radiation of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, the upper square metal patch and the lower square metal patch are subjected to corner cutting. The working frequency point of the antenna is 2.4GHz, the maximum beam directions point to + z and-z respectively, and the antenna has the characteristic of double beams. The-10 dB port reflection coefficient bandwidth is 100MHz, the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 250MHz, and the maximum radiation gain is 6.4 dBi. Compared with the traditional Butler matrix, the number of required radio frequency links and the complexity of a feed network are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual patch loading.
Background
In the case of a macro cellular network or the like, dual beam antennas are beginning to be applied in wireless communication network systems in order to improve beam coverage, as well as to reduce the number of antennas, improve link throughput, and simplify the feed network. The feed network simplification scheme proposed in the traditional sense is proposed according to a commonly used butler matrix structure in a base station antenna, and the butler matrix has a wide application field and is a common multi-beam antenna array design scheme. However, the butler matrix in the conventional sense contains a large number of 90-degree phase shifters and cross structures, so that the feed network structure is not compact. In addition, the butler matrix in the conventional sense has redundant useless beams. With the continuous progress of the current wireless network communication technology, the size of the antenna array is continuously enlarged, but under the huge feed network, the cost of the antenna, the complexity of the system and other aspects all bring challenges to us. Recent research finds that in a large-scale multi-input multi-output system in a macro-cellular scene, two to three pitch-face beams can achieve full coverage of signals. Therefore, the invention provides a dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual patch loading, which realizes two beams in a pitching surface and realizes signal coverage in a macro-cellular scene. Compared with the traditional Butler matrix scheme, the invention can greatly reduce the number of required radio frequency links, effectively reduce the complexity of a multi-beam antenna array feed network and better realize signal coverage in a macro-cellular scene.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of beam redundancy, complex structure and the like in the traditional Butler matrix and realize signal coverage in a macro-cellular scene, the invention provides a dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual patch loading.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual patch loading, comprising: the antenna comprises four dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units and a one-to-four micro-strip power divider; the four dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units are used as radiation structures and are used for radiating circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; a one-to-four micro-strip power divider is used as a feed network and provides the same radio frequency energy for four dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna comprises a metal sheet (1), a dielectric plate (2), a metal sheet (3), a dielectric plate (4) and a metal sheet (5) from top to bottom; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna is a planar structure and is placed along the xoy plane.
Furthermore, the metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit are respectively provided with a square patch (11) and a square patch (51); the square patch (11) is provided with two chamfers which are respectively positioned at the chamfers of the upper right corner and the lower left corner of the square patch (11); the square patch (51) is provided with two chamfers which are respectively positioned at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the square patch (51); the metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) are used as radiation structures of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit and used for radiating two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the metal sheet (3) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit is provided with a rectangular patch; the rectangular patch is provided with a rectangular slit groove (31) for energy coupling of the metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) and radiating two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units have the same structure, and the distance between the units is 0.53 wavelength; the dielectric plate (2) and the dielectric plate (4) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit are of rectangular structures and have the same size.
Furthermore, the two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are formed by each dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit at the same moment; the polarization characteristics of the two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are the same and are right-hand circularly polarized; the maximum beam directions of the two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are different; the maximum beam pointing directions of the two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are the + z direction and the-z direction respectively.
Further, the metal sheets (1) of the one-to-four microstrip power divider are arranged into polygonal metal wires (12); the polygonal metal wire (12) is provided with three T-shaped branch wires (121,122 and 123) to improve the impedance matching performance;
further, each output phase and amplitude of the one-to-four microstrip power divider is the same, so that the input energy provided to each cell is the same.
Further, the dielectric plate (2) and the dielectric plate (4) are made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss angle is 0.0009, and the thickness of the two dielectric plates is 1.575 mm.
Furthermore, the working frequency point of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual patch loading is 2.4GHz, -10dB impedance bandwidth is 100MHz, 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 250MHz, and the maximum radiation gain is 6.4 dBi.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional Butler matrix scheme, the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna has the advantages of simple structure and high plane integration level;
2. the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit adopts a double-square corner cutting structure and simultaneously radiates two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves;
3. the feed network of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna adopts a one-to-four micro-strip power divider, so that the complexity of the feed network can be effectively reduced, the beam redundancy is reduced, and the signal coverage under a macro-cellular scene is realized.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a dual-beam circular polarization array antenna provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a reflection coefficient diagram of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional radiation pattern of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an axial ratio diagram of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides a dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual patch loading, which has the following specific implementation modes:
as shown in fig. 1, the dual-beam circular polarization array antenna is composed of four identical dual-beam circular polarization array antenna units and a one-to-four microstrip power divider; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit is used as a radiation structure and radiates two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; and the one-to-four micro-strip power divider is used as a feed network and provides the same radio frequency energy for the four dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units. The dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna comprises a metal sheet (1), a dielectric plate (2), a metal sheet (3), a dielectric plate (4) and a metal sheet (5) from top to bottom. The dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna is a planar structure and is placed along the xoy plane. The metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit are provided with square corner-cutting patches which are respectively provided with a square patch (11) and a square patch (51); the square patch (11) is provided with two cut corners which are respectively positioned at the upper right corner and the lower left corner of the square patch (11); the square patch (51) is provided with two cut corners which are respectively positioned at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the square patch (51); the metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) are used as radiation structures of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit and used for radiating two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the metal sheet (3) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit is provided with a rectangular patch; the rectangular patch is provided with a rectangular slit groove (31) for energy coupling of the metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) to realize two right-hand circularly polarized radiation beams; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units have the same structure, and the distance between the units is 0.53 wavelength; the dielectric plate (2) and the dielectric plate (4) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit are arranged to be rectangular structures and have the same size. The metal sheet (1) of the one-to-four micro-strip power divider is arranged into a polygonal metal wire (12); the polygonal metal wire (12) is provided with three T-shaped branch wires (121,122,123) to improve impedance matching performance. Each T-shaped branch line consists of three characteristic impedance lines, and the three characteristic impedance values are designed according to a quarter impedance transformer; each output phase and amplitude of a one-to-four microstrip power divider is the same, so that the input energy provided to each cell is the same.
In the invention, the dielectric plate (2) and the dielectric plate (4) are made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss angle is 0.0009, and the thickness of the two dielectric plates is 1.575 mm.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the input port of a dual beam circularly polarized array antenna as a function of frequency. Simulation results show that the bandwidth of the port reflection coefficient smaller than-10 dB is 100 MHz.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional radiation pattern of a dual beam circularly polarized array antenna. Simulation results show that the maximum beam orientations of the right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna are + z and-z respectively, so that the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna is verified to have the radiation characteristic of the dual-beam circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, and the two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are formed from the same antenna aperture surface at the same time.
FIG. 4 is a graph of axial ratio of a dual beam circularly polarized array antenna as a function of frequency. Simulation results show that the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave radiated by the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna is 250MHz, and the simulation results verify that the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna has good right-hand circularly polarized wave characteristics.
Claims (5)
1. A dual beam circular polarization array antenna based on dual patch loading, the antenna comprising: the antenna comprises four dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units and a one-to-four micro-strip power divider; the four dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units are used as radiation structures and are used for radiating two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the one-to-four micro-strip power divider is used as a feed network and provides the same radio frequency energy for four dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna comprises a metal sheet (1), a dielectric plate (2), a metal sheet (3), a dielectric plate (4) and a metal sheet (5) from top to bottom; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna is of a plane structure and is placed along a xoy plane, and is characterized in that a square patch (11) and a square patch (51) are respectively arranged on a metal sheet (1) and a metal sheet (5) of a dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit; the square patch (11) is provided with two chamfers which are respectively positioned at the upper right corner and the lower left corner of the square patch (11); the square patch (51) is provided with two chamfers which are respectively positioned at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the square patch (51); the metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) are used as radiation structures of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit and used for radiating two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the metal sheet (3) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit is provided with a rectangular patch; the rectangular patch is provided with a rectangular slit groove (31) for energy coupling of the metal sheet (1) and the metal sheet (5) and radiating two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna units have the same structure, and the distance between the units is 0.53 wavelength; the dielectric plate (2) and the dielectric plate (4) of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit are arranged to be rectangular structures and have the same size.
2. The dual-patch loading based dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna of claim 1, wherein: the two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are formed by each dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna unit at the same moment; the two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves have the same polarization characteristic and are both right-hand circularly polarized; the maximum beam directions of the two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are different; the maximum beam pointing directions of the two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are the + z direction and the-z direction respectively.
3. The dual beam circular polarization array antenna based on dual patch loading according to claim 1, wherein the metal plates (1) of the one-to-four microstrip power divider are arranged as polygonal metal lines (12); the polygonal metal wire (12) is provided with three T-shaped branch wires (121,122 and 123) to improve the impedance matching performance; each output phase and amplitude of the one-to-four microstrip power divider is the same, so that the input energy provided to each cell is the same.
4. The dual beam circular polarization array antenna based on dual patch loading of claim 1, wherein: the dielectric plate (2) and the dielectric plate (4) are made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss angle is 0.0009, and the thicknesses of the two dielectric plates are 1.575 mm.
5. The dual-patch loading based dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna of claim 1, wherein: the working frequency point of the dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on double patch loading is 2.4GHz, the bandwidth of the reflection coefficient of a port of-10 dB is 100MHz, the axial ratio bandwidth of 3dB is 250MHz, and the maximum radiation gain of two right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves at the designed frequency point is 6.4 dBi.
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| CN202011417592.9A CN112768882B (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Dual-beam circularly polarized array antenna based on dual-patch loading |
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| CN110247185A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-17 | 华东师范大学 | Circular polarisation difference dielectric resonator array antenna |
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