CN110419144A - Antenna element and aerial array - Google Patents
Antenna element and aerial array Download PDFInfo
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- CN110419144A CN110419144A CN201780066009.4A CN201780066009A CN110419144A CN 110419144 A CN110419144 A CN 110419144A CN 201780066009 A CN201780066009 A CN 201780066009A CN 110419144 A CN110419144 A CN 110419144A
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- antenna element
- radiation fin
- aerial array
- feeding
- underlying substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of antenna element and aerial array.Antenna element (10) of the invention, including spaced top substrate layer (1) and underlying substrate (2), at least one parasitic patch (11) is provided in top substrate layer (1), radiation fin (21) and feeding network (22) are provided on underlying substrate (2), feeding network (22) is connected by two feeding points (221) with two corners of radiation fin (21).The present invention can be realized preferable radiance and impedance behavior.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of antenna more particularly to a kind of antenna elements and aerial array.
Background technique
With the development of science and technology with the increase of demand, circular polarized antenna because environmental suitability it is strong, good in anti-interference performance
Advantage is more and more widely used.
Currently, there are many methods, such as SF single feed method and multiple feeds method etc. for the realization of circular polarized antenna.Wherein, multiple feeds
Method be motivated by two feeding points, and by the setting of feeding network, keep the excitation amplitude of two feeding points equal, and
90 ° of angles of phase phase difference, to obtain the circular polarisation field of antenna.In order to improve circular polarisation performance, the feedback of square antenna side is generallyd use,
And the antenna form of square shaped antenna corner cut.
However, the circular polarisation limited capacity of circular polarized antenna, directional diagram distort with certain in the prior art, and antenna
Minor lobe is larger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of antenna element and aerial array, can be realized preferable radiance and impedance behavior.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna element, including spaced top substrate layer and underlying substrate, it is described on
It is provided at least one parasitic patch on laminar substrate, radiation fin and feeding network, the feed are provided on the underlying substrate
Network is connected by two feeding points with two corners of the radiation fin.
Optionally, there are 90 ° of phase differences between two feeding points.
Optionally, projection of the parasitic patch on the underlying substrate and the radiation fin at least have part weight
It is folded.
Optionally, projection of the parasitic patch on the underlying substrate covers the radiating side of the radiation fin.
It optionally, is air layer between the top substrate layer and the underlying substrate.
Optionally, the radiation fin is symmetrical relative to the middle line between two feeding points.
Optionally, feeding network includes two microstrip lines connecting respectively with the feeding point, and every microstrip line is equal
It is connected between the feed placement of the feeding point and the feeding network.
Optionally, the parasitic patch is sticked in the lower surface of the top substrate layer.
The present invention also provides a kind of aerial arrays, including at least two antenna elements as described above.
Optionally, aerial array includes four antenna elements, and four antenna elements surround circlewise, and each institute
Antenna element is stated to be rotated by 90 ° both with respect to the adjacent antenna element；The current feed phase of the antenna element successively differs 90 °.
Antenna element of the invention includes spaced top substrate layer and underlying substrate, is provided at least in top substrate layer
One parasitic patch, radiation fin and feeding network are provided on underlying substrate, and feeding network passes through two feeding points and radiation fin
Two corners connection.Antenna element can be realized preferable bandwidth, gain and Circular polarization ratio characteristic etc. in this way, to reach
Excellent radiance and impedance behavior.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 2 is the side view for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of underlying substrate in the antenna element of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 is the matching properties schematic diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 5 is the directional diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 6 is that the axis for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides compares directional diagram；
Fig. 7 is the different shape schematic diagram for the radiation patch that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the side view of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Figure 10 is structural schematic diagram of the aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention when not including top substrate layer；
Figure 11 is the bandwidth impedance characteristic schematic diagram of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the face the E directional diagram of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the face the H directional diagram of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Figure 14 is that the face the E axis of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention compares directional diagram；
Figure 15 is that the face the H axis of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention compares directional diagram；
Figure 16 is axis ratio figure of the aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention in different frequency；
Figure 17 is the structural schematic diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Figure 18 is the side view for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Figure 19 is the structural schematic diagram of the underlying substrate for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Figure 20 is the matching properties schematic diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Figure 21 is the directional diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Figure 22 is that the axis for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides compares directional diagram；
Figure 23 is the structural schematic diagram for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides；
Figure 24 is the side view for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides；
Figure 25 be the embodiment of the present invention four provide aerial array do not include top substrate layer structural schematic diagram；
Figure 26 is the bandwidth standing-wave ratio schematic diagram for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides；
Figure 27 is the face the E directional diagram for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides；
Figure 28 is the face the H directional diagram for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides.
Description of symbols:
1- top substrate layer；2- underlying substrate；11- parasitic patch；21- radiation fin；22- feeding network；211- radiating side；
221- feeding point；10- antenna element；100- aerial array.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention one provides
Antenna element side view.Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of underlying substrate in the antenna element of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention one.Such as
Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, antenna element provided in this embodiment, including spaced top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2, upper layer base
It is provided at least one parasitic patch 11 on plate 1, is provided with radiation fin 21 and feeding network 22, feeding network on underlying substrate 2
22 are connected by two feeding points 221 with two corners of radiation fin 21.
Specifically, antenna element is mainly used in the wireless communication of equipment, it is usually located at transceiver and electromagnetic wave
Between communication space, and the transmission of effective energy transmission and information is realized between the two by electromagnetic wave, thus can
To be considered as the sensor mutually converted between radiofrequency signal and electromagnetic wave.In order to normally be communicated, the antenna of the present embodiment
Unit generally mainly includes the parts such as top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2.Wherein, main letter of the underlying substrate 2 as antenna element
Number occur part, specifically include feeding network 22 and with feeding network 22 couple radiation fin 21.Radiation fin 21 generally by
Conducting medium is made, and has specific structure, and the electric signal received can be radiated in the form of an electromagnetic wave to external sky
Between, or receive the electromagnetic wave from exterior space.And coupled between feeding network 22 and radiation fin 21, to realize radiation fin 21
Connection and energy transmission between signal transmitting and receiving machine, to allow antenna element can be between transceiver and free surrounding space
Carry out the transmission of signal.In general, radiation fin is usually square structure.
In order to realize feeding network 22 to the feed of radiation fin 21, antenna element can have a variety of feed forms.Wherein,
In order to realize better antenna performance, usual feeding network 22 can realize the feed to antenna element by the way of corner-fed.
Day can be allowed compared to feeding classifications, the corner-fed technologies that feeding point 221 is located at radiator patch corner location such as the feedbacks of general bottom
Line has lower section, and since corner-fed mode can allow feeding network 22 and radiation fin 21 to be located on the same floor on dielectric-slab,
Its cost is lower.Specifically, feeding network 22 passes through two feeding points 221, two with radiation fin 21 respectively in the present embodiment
Corner connection, to realize the corner-fed feed of antenna element.Wherein, the corner of radiation fin 21 being connected with two feeding points 221
Either two adjacent corners, it is also possible to two non-conterminous corners, spoke is connected to feeding point 221 in the present embodiment
It penetrates for two adjacent corners of piece 21 and is illustrated.
At this point, in order to improve the performances such as the gain of antenna and bandwidth, the top of the underlying substrate 2 of antenna element is additionally provided with
Top substrate layer 1 has certain intervals, and is provided with parasitic patch 11 in top substrate layer 1 between top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2.
Parasitic patch 11 be generally similarly conducting medium composition, such parasitic patch 11 close to radiation fin 21 be arranged, but with radiation fin 21
Between not in contact with.After parasitic patch 11 is received from the radiation energy of radiation fin 21, that is, it can produce induced current, and root
The electric field to external radiation is generated according to induced current, to couple between the radiation fin 21 on underlying substrate 2, and is formed newly
Resonance strengthens the radianting capacity of radiation fin 21, with the increasing of the bandwidth of this effective extended antenna unit and increase antenna element
Benefit.
In general, the top substrate layer 1 of antenna element can be glass-epoxy copper-clad plate, such as FR4 copper-clad plate
Deng, such top substrate layer 1 can guarantee good electrical insulation properties, make parasitic patch 11 and antenna element lower layer part point it
Between form good resonant tank.And underlying substrate 2 can also be made of similar dielectric material.
Specifically, when antenna element is to exterior space radiated electromagnetic wave, the direction in space of electric field intensity endpoint in electromagnetic wave,
The polarization direction of namely antenna can have a variety of different forms.Such as linear polarization and circular polarisation etc..
It is common, when antenna unit application is in the communication of the equipment such as small-sized unmanned vehicle, because of the angle of antenna
The installation direction of degree is relatively fixed, and the multipath effect of electromagnetic transmission is more obvious in some cases, may cause signal
Interference.When the angle between the plane of polarization and the earth normal face of radio wave is in the cyclically-varying at 0~360 degree of angle, i.e. electricity
Field size is constant, and when direction changes over time, the track of electric field intensity end is perpendicular to propagation side caused by antenna element
To plane on be projected as a circle, referred to as circular polarisation.Circular polarized antenna can give off circularly polarised wave, and circularly polarised wave can
Orthogonal constant amplitude line polarization wave on room and time is resolved into, i.e., the amplitude of two line polarization waves is equal, and phase phase difference
90 degree.For circularly polarised wave when being incident on the symmetric targets such as plane, spherical surface, the polarization of back wave can generate opposite rotation direction,
To orthogonal with incidence wave, to generate blanketing effect, thus there is the ability for inhibiting misty rain interference and other multipath effects.
When circularly polarised wave is radiated at rain, on the water droplet in mist when, since water droplet is approximate circle, thus can reflect derotation to circular polarisation
Wave, and filtered off by equipment, and the back wave of asymmetric barrier or airbound target has the circularly polarised wave ingredient with rotation direction,
It can smoothly be detected, the interference of multipath effect can be effectively reduced in this way, improve the reliability of detection and communication.
In the present embodiment, antenna element is circular polarized antenna.In order to make antenna element generate circularly polarised wave, antenna can be enabled
There are 90 ° of phase differences between two feeding points 221 in unit.Feedback can be passed through by the linear polarization signal of feeding network 22 in this way
Electricity puts 90 ° of phase differences between 221 and distributes the two paths of signals equal as amplitude, 90 ° of phase phase difference, this two paths of signals is through presenting
After electricity point 221 is input to two corners of radiation fin 21, circularly polarized signal can be realized.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, when antenna element is circular polarized antenna, since the radiation fin 21 in antenna element is adopted
With corner-fed feeding classification, and by the way that parasitic patch 11 is arranged in top substrate layer 1, the band of antenna element can be effectively provided in this way
The various aspects of performance such as width.Fig. 4 is the matching properties schematic diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.Fig. 5 is the present invention
The directional diagram for the antenna element that embodiment one provides.Fig. 6 is that the axis for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention one provides compares directional diagram.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, antenna element provided in this embodiment has 18.1% center relative bandwidth ratio, and gain reaches
To 8.2dB, the beam angle of 3dB is 70 degree, and the axis ratio in 3dB beam angle is less than 4dB, with wider bandwidth and
Preferable directional gain.
As an alternative embodiment, projection of the parasitic patch 11 on underlying substrate 2 at least has with radiation fin 21
It overlaps.E.g., parasitic patch 11 and radiation fin 21 are completely overlapped, at this point, parasitic patch 11 is on underlying substrate 2
Projection can be of similar shape size and position with radiation fin 21, so that the two be allowed to be completely corresponded up and down setting；Either
Parasitic patch 11 has the area bigger than radiation fin 21, covers radiation fin 21 by the projection of parasitic patch 11 completely.
Alternatively, projection of the parasitic patch 11 on underlying substrate 2 can also be with a part of radiation fin 21 with Chong Die.This
When can shape by adjusting parasitic patch 11 and radiation fin 21 or relative position, make it have preferable antenna performance.
Further, since the radiation fin of antenna element 21 is in radiated electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave is mainly by radiation fin 21
The radiating side 211 that a certain edge sending, the in this way edge are radiation fin 21.Thus in order to improve parasitic patch 11 to radiation fin
21 gain effect, the radiating side 211 of projection covering radiation fin 21 of the parasitic patch 11 on underlying substrate 2.Patch parasitic in this way
It is capable of forming stronger resonance between piece 11 and radiation fin 21, to effectively enhance the bandwidth and gain of antenna element, guarantees day
Line unit has excellent telecommunication and detectivity.
In the present embodiment, since antenna element takes corner-fed mode to be fed, thus the radiating side 211 1 of radiation fin 21
As include one side edge on radiation fin 21 far from feeding point 221, that is, the one side edge opposite with 221 position of feeding point.
The projection of parasitic patch 11 is covered on above the edge, can be generated by coupling stronger in 21 radiated electromagnetic wave of radiation fin
Resonating electric field, improve radiation fin 21 radiance.
Optionally, it is coupled and resonance to guarantee to be able to carry out between parasitic patch 11 and radiation fin 21,1 He of top substrate layer
The preferable insulation of guarantee is generally required between underlying substrate 2.It is common, it can be air between top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2
Layer 3, i.e., be directly isolated using air.Air, can be on antenna element at the middle and upper levels substrate 1 as good insulating body
Insulation is provided between radiation fin 21 in parasitic patch 11 and underlying substrate 2, allows the parasitic patch 11 in antenna element can be just
Often work avoids causing parasitism because generating contact conducting between parasitic patch 11 and radiation fin 21 to realize better performance
The case where patch 11 fails.Meanwhile the insulating layer between top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2 is used air as, as long as upper layer base
Lesser gap is maintained between plate 1 and underlying substrate 2, i.e., realizes mutually insulated using air, and in top substrate layer 1 under
The mode that the insulating layer being made of insulating materials is arranged between laminar substrate 2 or is dielectrically separated from component is compared, 1 He of top substrate layer
Very small gap can be formed between underlying substrate 2, guarantee is formed by antenna element with lesser thickness, i.e. antenna list
The section of member is lower.When antenna element is arranged on the outer surface of aircraft in this way, antenna element protrudes from aircraft outer surface
Height it is lower, can be formed between aircraft good conformal.
Wherein, optionally, in antenna element, the width in the gap between top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2, that is, institute
In the range of the thickness of the air layer 3 of formation typically 0.077 λ to 0.5 λ.Wherein, λ is the corresponding wavelength of antenna element.
As one of preferred embodiment, 3 thickness of air layer between top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2 can be with
What is be arranged is smaller, specifically may be set in 0.077 λ.3 thickness of air layer of top substrate layer 1 and underlying substrate 2 in this way is smaller, because
And antenna element can also have lesser integral thickness, to realize lower antenna section.
Specifically, radiation fin 21 is symmetrical relative to the middle line between two feeding points 221.At this point, the spoke in antenna element
Penetrating piece 21 is the symmetrical axially symmetric structure relative in, and middle line the right and left has symmetrical and consistent radiation characteristic.Thus
Opposite polarization can be realized by the way that antenna element is simply carried out mirror image.
In addition, vee gutter can also be offered in the radiating side 211 of radiation fin 21.Common, vee gutter opens up
In the central location of radiating side 211, for radiating side 211 does not open up vee gutter, vee gutter can be improved antenna
Isolation, and make radiation fin 21 current direction bilateral symmetry, realize good circular polarization characteristics.
Specifically, can have corner cut without the apex angle corner connected with feeding point 221 in the corner of radiation fin 21.This
Radiation fin 21 is cut a part without the apex angle connected with feeding point 221 by sample, can improve the standing wave of antenna element, is guaranteed
Matching inside antenna element between each component.
Specifically, radiation patch also can have a variety of different shapes in antenna element, such as radiation patch can be
The shapes such as rectangular, round, annular and square corner cut.Fig. 7 is the not similar shape for the radiation patch that the embodiment of the present invention one provides
Shape schematic diagram.As shown in fig. 7, in (a) radiation patch shape be it is rectangular, (b) in radiation patch be circle, (c) in radiation patch
Piece is annular, and (d) in the shape of radiation patch be rectangular, and the corner cut shape that corner is cut out.In addition, radiation patch may be used also
Think other different shapes, is repeated no more in the present embodiment.
In general, parasitic patch 11 also has a variety of different setting positions in top substrate layer 1.Such as parasitic patch 11
Upper surface or lower surface of top substrate layer 1 etc. can be located at.
As one of optional embodiment, in order to improve the electricity of the coupling between parasitic patch 11 and radiation fin 21
, parasitic patch 11 is sticked in the lower surface of top substrate layer 1.At this point, the distance between parasitic patch 11 and radiation fin 21 are relatively close,
It is capable of forming stronger coupled electric field, effectively improves the bandwidth of antenna element and the gain of antenna element.
In order between radiation fin 21 realize radiofrequency signal transmission, feeding network 22 specifically may include two respectively with feedback
The microstrip line of 221 connection of electricity point, every microstrip line are both connected between the feed placement of feeding point 221 and feeding network 22.
Microstrip line is the microwave transmission line being made of the plain conductor band propped up on dielectric substrate.It is suitble to the flat of production microwave integrated circuit
Face structural transmission line.Compared with metal waveguide, with small in size, light-weight, service band is wide, high reliablity and manufacturing cost are low
The advantages that.Microstrip line can be made of metal or other conductor materials.
In the present embodiment, antenna element includes spaced top substrate layer and underlying substrate, is provided in top substrate layer
At least one parasitic patch, radiation fin and feeding network are provided on underlying substrate, and feeding network passes through two feeding points and spoke
Penetrate two corners connection of piece.Antenna element can be realized preferable bandwidth, gain and Circular polarization ratio characteristic etc. in this way, thus
Reach excellent radiance and impedance behavior.
Embodiment two
On the basis of the antenna element of above-described embodiment one, the present invention also provides a kind of aerial arrays, before capable of utilizing
The excellent bandwidth and gain characteristic for stating the antenna element of embodiment one realize preferable antenna performance.Fig. 8 is implementation of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram for the aerial array that example two provides.Fig. 9 is the side view of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.Figure 10
It is structural schematic diagram of the aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention when not including top substrate layer.Such as Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 10
It is shown, aerial array 100 provided in this embodiment, including at least two antenna elements 10 as described in previous embodiment one,
Wherein, the structure and working principle of antenna element 10 are described in detail in previous embodiment one, and details are not described herein again.
In this way, after antenna element 10 forms aerial array 100, due to having mutiple antennas unit 10 in aerial array 100,
So antenna element 10, which can respectively correspond, is arranged in different directions, to improve the omni-directional and reliability of aerial array.
Wherein, aerial array 100 may include four antenna elements 10, and four antenna elements 10 surround circlewise, and each
Antenna element 10 is rotated by 90 ° both with respect to adjacent antenna units；The current feed phase of antenna element 10 successively differs 90 °.
Specifically, as shown in figure 8, be mutually perpendicular between adjacent antenna element 10 in aerial array 100, and from lower-left
The antenna element at angle starts, and the current feed phase of antenna element 10 successively lags 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree, such four days
Line unit 10 constitutes antenna rotation group battle array, can realize good antenna performance in all directions.
Optionally, in the aerial array 100, in order to avoid the interference between adjacent antenna units, while guaranteeing antenna
The integrated antenna performance of array 100, the spacing between two neighboring antenna element 10 are generally kept in 0.5 λ between 0.8 λ,
Middle λ is the wavelength of antenna element 10.Suitable array pitch can improve the signal of antenna element 10, it is ensured that aerial array 100
It works normally.Wherein, the spacing between two neighboring antenna element 10 can remain 0.61 λ.
Figure 11 is the bandwidth impedance characteristic schematic diagram of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.Figure 12 is of the invention real
The face the E directional diagram of the aerial array of the offer of example two is provided.As is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12, the aerial array 100 in the present embodiment increases
Benefit reaches 12dBi, and 3dB beam angle is 42 degree, and the main-side lobe ratio of antenna is greater than 15dB, and front and back is compared greater than 11dB.
Figure 13 is the face the H directional diagram of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.It has the characteristic similar with Figure 12.
Figure 14 is that the face the E axis of aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention compares directional diagram.Figure 15 is the embodiment of the present invention
The face the H axis of two aerial arrays provided compares directional diagram.As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, it can be seen that in aerial array, the 3dB of axis ratio
Beam angle is greater than the 3dB beam angle of antenna main lobe.
Figure 16 is axis ratio figure of the aerial array provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention in different frequency.As shown in figure 16, antenna
Array has good axis ratio characteristic, and in 15.1% bandwidth, the axis ratio of antenna is less than 1dB, and the axial ratio bandwidth of 3dB is
18.5%.
In the present embodiment, aerial array includes at least two antenna elements；Wherein antenna element includes on spaced
Laminar substrate and underlying substrate are provided at least one parasitic patch in top substrate layer, are provided with radiation fin and feedback on underlying substrate
Electric network, feeding network are connected by two feeding points with two corners of radiation fin.Aerial array can be realized preferably in this way
Bandwidth, gain and Circular polarization ratio characteristic etc., to reach excellent radiance and impedance behavior.
Embodiment three
It is illustrated so that antenna element is circular polarized antenna as an example in above-described embodiment one and embodiment two.And work as antenna list
When member is linear polarized antenna, it is equally applicable to similar antenna unit structure.Figure 17 is the antenna that the embodiment of the present invention three provides
The structural schematic diagram of unit.Figure 18 is the side view for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides.Figure 19 is implementation of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of the underlying substrate for the antenna element that example three provides.As shown in Figures 17 to 19, antenna provided in this embodiment
Unit equally has the antenna unit structure similar in embodiment one, that is, specifically includes spaced top substrate layer 1 under
Laminar substrate 2 is provided at least one parasitic patch 11 in top substrate layer 1, is provided with radiation fin 21 and transmission network on underlying substrate 2
Network 22, feeding network 22 are connected by two feeding points 221 with two corners of radiation fin 21.
Wherein, the antenna element provided in the present embodiment, specific structure and working principle and previous embodiment one with
And the antenna element in embodiment two is similar, details are not described herein again, the difference is that, antenna element provided in this embodiment
In, feeding network 22 is when realizing feed, using two feeding points 221 with the mode of mutually feed, i.e. two feeding points 221
Between phase difference be 0.Two such feeding point 221 is fed in the same direction using corner-fed mode and to radiation fin 21, makes antenna element
It generates line polarization wave and carries out detection and signal transmission.
Wherein, Figure 20 is the matching properties schematic diagram for the antenna element that the embodiment of the present invention three provides.Figure 21 is the present invention
The directional diagram for the antenna element that embodiment three provides.Figure 22 be the embodiment of the present invention three provide antenna element axis suppose to
Figure.As shown in Figure 20, Figure 21 and Figure 22, the relative bandwidth with 15.4% of antenna element.And the gain of antenna is 8.2dBi,
70 degree of the 3dB beam angle in the face E.
In the present embodiment, antenna element includes spaced top substrate layer and underlying substrate, is provided in top substrate layer
At least one parasitic patch, radiation fin and feeding network are provided on underlying substrate, and feeding network passes through two feeding points and spoke
Two corners connection of piece is penetrated, phase difference of the feeding network when realizing feed between two feeding points is 0.Such antenna element
It can be realized preferable bandwidth, gain and linear polarization performance, to reach excellent radiance and impedance behavior.
Example IV
When antenna element is linear polarized antenna, mutiple antennas unit still is able to form the antenna similar with embodiment two
Array structure.Figure 23 is the structural schematic diagram for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides.Figure 24 is the embodiment of the present invention four
The side view of the aerial array of offer.Figure 25 be the embodiment of the present invention four provide aerial array do not include top substrate layer knot
Structure schematic diagram.It is similar with previous embodiment two as shown in Figure 23, Figure 24 and Figure 25, it equally include multiple in aerial array 200
Antenna element 20.Wherein, the structure with working principle of antenna element 20 are identical with the antenna element in previous embodiment three, i.e.,
Spaced top substrate layer and underlying substrate are specifically included, at least one parasitic patch, lower layer's base are provided in top substrate layer
Radiation fin and feeding network are provided on plate, feeding network is connected by two feeding points with two corners of radiation fin, and two
There are 90 ° of phase differences, and feeding network is when realizing feed between feeding point, the side that feeds in the same direction using two feeding points
Formula, i.e. phase difference between two feeding points are 0.Wherein, the specific structure of antenna element is in previous embodiment one to three
It is described in detail, details are not described herein again.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the visit symmetrical above and below of four antenna elements 20 of aerial array 200, and spatially
It is reverse phase, the current feed phase of two antenna elements above postpones relative to the current feed phase of two following antenna elements
180 degree, to guarantee the consistency of antenna phase.
Figure 26 is the bandwidth standing-wave ratio schematic diagram for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides.Figure 27 is implementation of the present invention
The face the E directional diagram for the aerial array that example four provides.Figure 28 is the face the H directional diagram for the aerial array that the embodiment of the present invention four provides.
As shown in Figure 26, Figure 27 and Figure 28, aerial array 200 in the present embodiment, gain reaches 12.1dBi, the principal subsidiary lobe of antenna
Than being greater than 13dB, front and back is compared greater than 11dB.
It include mutiple antennas unit in the present embodiment, in aerial array, antenna element includes spaced upper layer base
Plate and underlying substrate are provided at least one parasitic patch in top substrate layer, are provided with radiation fin and transmission network on underlying substrate
Network, feeding network are connected by two feeding points with two corners of radiation fin, feeding network two feeds when realizing feed
Phase difference between point is 0.Aerial array can be realized preferable bandwidth, gain and linear polarization performance in this way, to reach excellent
Different radiance and impedance behavior.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of antenna element, which is characterized in that including spaced top substrate layer and underlying substrate, in the top substrate layer
It is provided at least one parasitic patch, radiation fin and feeding network are provided on the underlying substrate, the feeding network passes through
Two feeding points are connected with two corners of the radiation fin.
2. antenna element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that have 90 ° of phase differences between described two feeding points.
3. antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the parasitic patch is on the underlying substrate
Projection at least have with the radiation fin and partly overlap.
4. antenna element according to claim 3, which is characterized in that throwing of the parasitic patch on the underlying substrate
Shadow covers the radiating side of the radiation fin.
5. antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the top substrate layer and the underlying substrate it
Between be air layer.
6. antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the radiation fin is relative to two feeds
Middle line between point is symmetrical.
7. antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the feeding network include two respectively with institute
The microstrip line of feeding point connection is stated, every microstrip line is both connected to the feed position of the feeding point and the feeding network
Between setting.
8. antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the parasitic patch is sticked in the upper layer base
The lower surface of plate.
9. a kind of aerial array, which is characterized in that including at least two antenna elements, the antenna element includes spaced
Top substrate layer and underlying substrate are provided at least one parasitic patch in the top substrate layer, are provided on the underlying substrate
Radiation fin and feeding network, the feeding network are connected by two feeding points with two corners of the radiation fin.
10. aerial array according to claim 9, which is characterized in that have 90 ° of phases between described two feeding points
Difference.
11. aerial array according to claim 9 or 10, which is characterized in that the parasitic patch is in the underlying substrate
On projection at least have with the radiation fin and partly overlap.
12. aerial array according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the parasitic patch is on the underlying substrate
Projection covers the radiating side of the radiation fin.
13. aerial array according to claim 9 or 10, which is characterized in that the top substrate layer and the underlying substrate
Between be air layer.
14. aerial array according to claim 9 or 10, which is characterized in that the radiation fin is relative to two feedbacks
Middle line between electricity point is symmetrical.
15. aerial array according to claim 9 or 10, which is characterized in that the feeding network include two respectively with
The microstrip line of the feeding point connection, every microstrip line are both connected to the feed of the feeding point and the feeding network
Between position.
16. aerial array according to claim 9 or 10, which is characterized in that the parasitic patch is sticked on the upper layer
The lower surface of substrate.
17. aerial array according to claim 9, which is characterized in that including four antenna elements, four days
Line unit surrounds circlewise, and each antenna element is rotated by 90 ° both with respect to the adjacent antenna element；The antenna element
Current feed phase successively differ 90 °.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721476494.6U CN207353459U (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Antenna element and aerial array |
| CN2017214764946 | 2017-11-08 | ||
| PCT/CN2017/118044 WO2019090927A1 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-12-22 | Antenna unit and antenna array |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110419144A true CN110419144A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
Family
ID=62354084
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721476494.6U Expired - Fee Related CN207353459U (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Antenna element and aerial array |
| CN201780066009.4A Pending CN110419144A (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-12-22 | Antenna element and aerial array |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721476494.6U Expired - Fee Related CN207353459U (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Antenna element and aerial array |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN207353459U (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019090927A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207353459U (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-11 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Antenna element and aerial array |
| CN110635230A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Asymmetric dual-polarized antenna device based on SICL resonant cavity circular ring gap and printed oscillator |
| CN110649378A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-03 | 四川省电子信息产业技术研究院有限公司 | Satellite antenna based on double-point side feed |
| CN114050410A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-02-15 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized antenna and reference station |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN207353459U (en) | 2018-05-11 |
| WO2019090927A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
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Application publication date: 20191105 |