CN113866820B - Method and device for positioning falling rocks by impact based on microseismic monitoring system - Google Patents
Method and device for positioning falling rocks by impact based on microseismic monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a falling stone impact positioning method and device based on a microseismic monitoring system, wherein the positioning method comprises the following steps: collecting vibration wave signals and sound wave signals in the falling stone impact process; analyzing the vibration wave signal to obtain the vibration characteristic confidence coefficient of the vibration wave signal; analyzing the acoustic wave signals to obtain morphological feature confidence of the acoustic wave signals; and generating a falling stone position area prediction report based on the vibration feature confidence and the morphological feature confidence to obtain a falling stone impact position. The invention comprehensively judges the impact position of the falling rocks by utilizing various signal wave characteristics, and improves the accuracy of the impact positioning of the falling rocks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring, in particular to a falling stone impact positioning method and device based on a microseismic monitoring system.
Background
Falling rocks are a common natural disaster, and refer to the phenomenon that a raised stone falls to the ground or a depression under the action of gravity. Falling rocks occur in the area of human activity and may cause disasters. The falling rocks are the simplest and most common form of mountain collapse, and any mountain can continuously generate falling rocks with different sizes under the action of gravity, wind power or other factors.
Along with the continuous development of traffic construction technology, the construction of highways and high-speed railways has been extended to mountain areas, and the highways and the high-speed railways have become the basis for people in mountain areas to travel. Expressways and high-speed rails in mountain areas are usually built according to mountains or are built by mountain openings, and rocks on mountains or tunnels can bring great danger to the passing of automobiles or high-speed rails if the rocks collapse and fall.
In the present stage, the falling rocks are detected by regular patrol of a patrol worker or a detection system is adopted for monitoring, the time efficiency of manual patrol is poor and danger cannot be found in time, the automatic falling rocks monitoring and positioning method adopted by the detection system generally adopts a single signal characteristic monitoring method, and the monitoring method is carried out according to signal characteristics extracted from a single signal source and mainly comprises a video analysis method, a fiber grating vibration detection method and an infrared laser rail surface scanning imaging method, but the method can only analyze one signal source, and the obtained positioning result has deviation and lower accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a falling stone impact positioning method and device based on a microseismic monitoring system, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, comprehensively judge the falling stone impact position by utilizing various signal wave characteristics, and improve the accuracy of falling stone impact positioning.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a falling stone impact positioning method based on a microseismic monitoring system, which comprises the following steps of:
collecting vibration wave signals and sound wave signals in the falling stone impact process;
analyzing the vibration wave signal to obtain the vibration characteristic confidence coefficient of the vibration wave signal;
analyzing the acoustic wave signal to obtain morphological feature confidence coefficient of the acoustic wave signal;
and generating a falling stone position area prediction report based on the vibration feature confidence and the morphological feature confidence to obtain a falling stone impact position.
Optionally, analyzing the shock wave signal, and obtaining the shock characteristic confidence level of the shock wave signal includes:
and extracting the peak value of the vibration wave signal, calculating impact energy, and determining the confidence coefficient of the vibration characteristic based on the impact energy.
Optionally, analyzing the acoustic wave signal to obtain a morphological feature confidence level of the acoustic wave signal includes:
denoising the sound wave signal by adopting a wavelet threshold method;
and extracting features of the denoised acoustic signals to obtain wave crests and wave troughs, and calculating slopes based on the wave crests and the wave troughs to obtain the morphological feature confidence coefficient.
Optionally, generating a rockfall position area prediction report based on the vibration feature confidence and the morphological feature confidence, and obtaining a rockfall impact position includes:
determining a vibration track according to the vibration feature confidence degrees;
determining a vibration track according to the morphological feature confidence degrees;
and generating a falling stone position area prediction report by combining the vibration track and the vibration track to obtain a falling stone impact position.
The falling stone impact positioning device based on the microseismic monitoring system comprises a signal acquisition module, a storage module, an analysis module, a communication module and a display module,
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration wave signals and sound wave signals in the falling stone collision process;
the storage module is used for storing the vibration wave signal and the sound wave signal;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the vibration wave signal and the sound wave signal, generating a falling stone position area prediction report and acquiring a falling stone impact position;
the display module is used for displaying the estimated report of the falling stone position area;
and the communication module is used for information interaction between the signal acquisition module and the storage module.
Optionally, the signal acquisition module includes shock wave signal acquisition unit and sound wave signal acquisition unit, shock wave signal acquisition unit is used for gathering the shock wave signal, sound wave signal acquisition unit is used for gathering the sound wave signal, shock wave signal acquisition unit with sound wave signal acquisition unit all passes through communication module with storage module connects.
Optionally, the analysis module comprises a vibration wave analysis unit, an acoustic wave analysis unit and an integrated analysis unit, wherein the vibration wave analysis unit is used for extracting the peak value of the vibration wave signal, calculating impact energy and determining the vibration characteristic confidence level based on the impact energy; the acoustic wave analysis unit is used for denoising the acoustic wave signal by adopting a wavelet threshold method, extracting features of the denoised acoustic wave signal to obtain wave crests and wave troughs, calculating slopes based on the wave crests and wave troughs, and obtaining the morphological feature confidence; the comprehensive analysis unit is used for determining a vibration track according to the vibration feature confidence degrees, determining a sound track according to the morphological feature confidence degrees, and generating a rock fall position area prediction report by combining the vibration track and the sound track to obtain a rock fall impact position.
Optionally, the communication module employs wireless communication, 4G network protocol communication or 5G network protocol communication.
Optionally, the positioning device further comprises a power module, wherein the power module is used for supplying power to the signal acquisition module, and the power module adopts a lithium battery.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the method and the device for positioning the falling rocks by impact based on the microseismic monitoring system, provided by the invention, the vibration wave signals and the sound wave signals are collected in the falling rocks process, and the energy characteristics of the vibration wave signals and the morphological characteristics of the sound wave signals are combined to obtain various falling rocks rolling marks and are combined to obtain the falling rocks, so that the accuracy of positioning the falling rocks by impact is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a falling rock impact positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for locating an impact of a falling stone according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a falling stone impact positioning device based on a microseismic monitoring system, as shown in figure 1. The device comprises a signal acquisition module, a storage module, an analysis module, a communication module and a display module, wherein the signal acquisition module is connected with the storage module through the communication module, the acquired wave signals are transmitted to the storage module for storage and analysis, and the storage module, the analysis module and the display module are sequentially connected.
The signal acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration wave signals and sound wave signals generated by impact in the falling rock rolling process. The signal acquisition module comprises a vibration wave signal acquisition unit and a sound wave signal acquisition unit, wherein the vibration wave signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring vibration wave signals, and the sound wave signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring sound wave signals. The vibration wave signal acquisition unit and the sound wave signal acquisition unit are connected with the storage module through the communication module, and the acquired vibration wave signals and sound wave signals are transmitted to the storage module for storage, so that a data base is provided for subsequent signal analysis. In this embodiment, the shock wave signal acquisition unit adopts the microseism sensor, and the sound wave signal acquisition unit adopts the sound wave sensor, and the microseism sensor and the sound wave sensor are evenly laid according to the needs of the regional area of the place to be detected to the microseism sensor and the sound wave sensor have the adjacency when laying, and the surrounding nature, thereby guarantee signal acquisition's validity.
The analysis module comprises a vibration wave analysis unit, an acoustic wave analysis unit and a comprehensive analysis unit, wherein the vibration wave analysis unit is used for extracting the peak value of the vibration wave signal, calculating impact energy and determining the confidence coefficient of the vibration characteristic based on the impact energy; the acoustic wave analysis unit is used for denoising the acoustic wave signal by adopting a wavelet threshold method, extracting features of the denoised acoustic wave signal to obtain wave crests and wave troughs, calculating slopes based on the wave crests and the wave troughs, and obtaining morphological feature confidence; the comprehensive analysis unit is used for determining a vibration track according to the plurality of vibration feature confidence degrees, determining a sound track according to the plurality of morphological feature confidence degrees, and generating a falling stone position area prediction report by combining the vibration track and the sound track to obtain the falling stone impact position.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate data transmission at the monitoring area, the communication module adopts wireless communication, 4G network protocol communication or 5G network protocol communication, so as to meet the requirements of field communication, and no line needs to be erected, thereby facilitating implementation. Meanwhile, in order to ensure smooth implementation of positioning work, the positioning device further comprises a power module, wherein the power module is used for supplying power to the signal acquisition module, the power module adopts a lithium battery, and the lithium battery is charged by adopting a solar charging device.
Also provided is a method for locating the impact of falling rocks based on a microseismic monitoring system, which in this embodiment requires the use of a locating device for its implementation. As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:
s1, collecting vibration wave signals and sound wave signals in the falling stone impact process.
Under the circumstances of tunnels or slopes and the like, rocks and other stone objects covered on the tunnels or slopes can collapse and fall due to the fact that the rocks are extruded by internal and external acting forces, water is eroded for a long time and other factors, rolling collision phenomenon can be generated in the rock falling process, and vibration waves and sound waves are generated in the process. Therefore, the vibration wave signal and the sound wave signal in the process of falling rocks collapse and rolling to stop can be respectively acquired by the vibration wave signal acquisition unit and the sound wave signal acquisition unit, and the acquired vibration wave signal and sound wave signal are stored.
S2, analyzing the vibration wave signal to obtain the vibration characteristic confidence coefficient of the vibration wave signal.
The vibration wave analysis unit in the positioning device analyzes the stored vibration wave signals, extracts peak information of the vibration wave signals, and converts the peak into impact energy of a point where the peak is located, namely, an energy value when falling rocks collide with a barrier, wherein the energy value is the confidence coefficient of the vibration characteristics by utilizing the relation between the peak and the impact energy. In the same time region in the rock falling rolling process, vibration wave signals can be collected by a plurality of vibration wave signal collecting units, a plurality of vibration characteristic confidence degrees can be generated, and all vibration wave signal collecting units which generate the vibration characteristic confidence degrees are marked. In this process, all vibration feature confidence levels are required to be compared, the largest vibration feature confidence level is selected, and when the vibration feature confidence level is marked, the vibration wave signal acquisition unit generating the vibration feature confidence level and other vibration wave signal acquisition units use different colors.
S3, analyzing the acoustic wave signals to obtain the morphological feature confidence coefficient of the acoustic wave signals.
The acoustic wave analysis unit in the positioning device analyzes the stored acoustic wave signals, and before analysis, the acoustic wave signals are denoised by utilizing a wavelet threshold method, the denoised acoustic wave signals are analyzed, the complete waveforms of the acoustic wave signals are extracted, the wave crests and the wave troughs are determined, and the slope is calculated by utilizing the wave crests or the wave troughs, wherein the slope is the morphological feature confidence of the acoustic wave. In the same time region in the rock falling rolling process, the acoustic wave signals are collected by a plurality of acoustic wave signal collecting units, a plurality of morphological feature confidence degrees are generated, and all the acoustic wave collecting units generating the morphological feature confidence degrees are marked. In this process, all the confidence levels of the morphological features are required to be compared, the largest confidence level of the morphological features is selected, and when the acoustic signal acquisition unit generating the confidence level of the morphological features and other acoustic signal acquisition units use different colors in marking, in this embodiment, the acoustic signal acquisition unit uses blue marks and marks the confidence level and the time domain of the morphological features, and other acoustic signal acquisition units use green marks and marks the confidence level and the time domain of the morphological features.
S4, generating a falling stone position area prediction report based on the vibration feature confidence and the morphological feature confidence to obtain a falling stone impact position.
In this embodiment, the area to be monitored for falling rocks is drawn into a three-dimensional or two-dimensional topographic map in advance according to the geographic information, and the positions of the buried shock wave signal acquisition unit and the acoustic wave signal acquisition unit are marked on the topographic map. All vibration wave signal acquisition units marked with red are connected by red lines to form vibration wave tracks, and all sound wave signal acquisition units marked with blue are connected by blue lines to form sound wave tracks. In the process, other vibration feature confidence degrees in the same time domain are ranked, the vibration wave signal acquisition units are connected by yellow lines according to the same ranking in the continuous time domain, and other morphological feature confidence degrees in the same time domain are ranked, and the sound wave signal acquisition units are connected by green lines according to the same ranking in the continuous time domain. And comparing track trends of the red line and the blue line, and if the track trends are consistent, combining the geographical positions to generate a falling stone position area prediction report so as to obtain the falling stone impact position. In addition, the trends of the yellow line and the green line and the red line and the blue line are required to be compared, if the trends are consistent or the continuous trend is short, the corresponding yellow line or green line is deleted, if the difference between the starting points of the yellow line or green line and the red line and the blue line is large or the trend difference is also large, and the yellow line and the green line are the same in trend, the yellow line and the green line are reserved, and are simultaneously presented in a estimated report of the falling stone position area, which indicates that the falling stone is cracked in the rolling process or other falling stone is generated due to the impact, a plurality of falling stone tracks are formed, and the falling stone can be positioned in one estimated report of the falling stone position area at the same time.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote like items, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation of it is required in the following figures, and furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used merely to distinguish one description from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions. Are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The falling stone impact positioning method based on the microseismic monitoring system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting vibration wave signals and sound wave signals in the falling stone impact process;
analyzing the vibration wave signal to obtain the vibration characteristic confidence coefficient of the vibration wave signal;
analyzing the acoustic wave signal to obtain morphological feature confidence coefficient of the acoustic wave signal;
generating a falling stone position area prediction report based on the vibration feature confidence and the morphological feature confidence to obtain a falling stone impact position;
analyzing the shock wave signal, the obtaining the shock characteristic confidence level of the shock wave signal comprising:
extracting the peak value of the vibration wave signal, calculating impact energy, and determining the confidence coefficient of the vibration characteristic based on the impact energy;
analyzing the acoustic wave signal, and obtaining the morphological feature confidence of the acoustic wave signal comprises the following steps:
denoising the sound wave signal by adopting a wavelet threshold method;
and extracting features of the denoised acoustic signals to obtain wave crests and wave troughs, and calculating slopes based on the wave crests and the wave troughs to obtain the morphological feature confidence coefficient.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a pre-estimated report of a location area of a rockfall based on the vibration feature confidence and the morphology feature confidence, the obtaining the location of the rockfall impact comprises:
determining a vibration track according to the vibration feature confidence degrees;
determining a vibration track according to the morphological feature confidence degrees;
and generating a falling stone position area prediction report by combining the vibration track and the vibration track to obtain a falling stone impact position.
3. The falling stone impact positioning device based on the microseismic monitoring system is used for implementing the falling stone impact positioning method based on the microseismic monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-2, and is characterized by comprising a signal acquisition module, a storage module, an analysis module, a communication module and a display module,
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration wave signals and sound wave signals in the falling stone collision process;
the storage module is used for storing the vibration wave signal and the sound wave signal;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the vibration wave signal and the sound wave signal, generating a falling stone position area prediction report and acquiring a falling stone impact position;
the display module is used for displaying the estimated report of the falling stone position area;
and the communication module is used for information interaction between the signal acquisition module and the storage module.
4. The falling rock impact positioning device based on the microseismic monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the signal acquisition module comprises a vibration wave signal acquisition unit and a sound wave signal acquisition unit, the vibration wave signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the vibration wave signal, the sound wave signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the sound wave signal, and the vibration wave signal acquisition unit and the sound wave signal acquisition unit are connected with the storage module through the communication module.
5. The falling rock impact positioning device based on the microseismic monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the analysis module comprises a vibration wave analysis unit, an acoustic wave analysis unit and a comprehensive analysis unit, wherein the vibration wave analysis unit is used for extracting the peak value of the vibration wave signal, calculating impact energy and determining vibration characteristic confidence coefficient based on the impact energy; the acoustic wave analysis unit is used for denoising the acoustic wave signal by adopting a wavelet threshold method, extracting features of the denoised acoustic wave signal to obtain wave crests and wave troughs, calculating slopes based on the wave crests and wave troughs, and obtaining the morphological feature confidence; the comprehensive analysis unit is used for determining a vibration track according to the vibration feature confidence degrees, determining a sound track according to the morphological feature confidence degrees, and generating a rock fall position area prediction report by combining the vibration track and the sound track to obtain a rock fall impact position.
6. A rockfall impact positioning device based on a microseismic monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the communication module is configured to communicate using wireless communication, 4G network protocol communication or 5G network protocol communication.
7. A rockfall impact positioning device based on a microseismic monitoring system according to claim 3, further comprising a power module for powering the signal acquisition module, the power module employing a lithium battery.
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