CN113862690B - Water electrolysis hydrogen production device based on bipolar electrode system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on a bipolar electrode system, and relates to the fields of water electrolysis technology and hydrogen energy. The invention comprises three electrodes: a hydrogen evolving cathode, an oxygen evolving anode, and a bipolar electrode. The bipolar electrode is arranged in the middle of the electrolytic bath to completely separate alkali liquor in the electrolytic bath to form a cathode hydrogen evolution chamber and an anode oxygen evolution chamber, so that hydrogen and oxygen are completely separated. The bipolar electrode is made of foamed nickel and doped cobalt, and the nickel surface in the alkaline solution is subjected to anodic oxidation to generate Ni (OH) ₂ A coating of NiOOH oxide. When water is electrolyzed, ni (OH) is generated on the surface of nickel opposite to hydrogen evolution ₂ The anode reaction to NiOOH and the cathode reaction opposite to the surface of nickel with oxygen evolution occur in a reverse direction, namely, an integral double-sided bipolar. The bipolar electrode is connected with the intelligent switching control mechanism, and the two sides of the bipolar electrode are switched in an interval edge changing mode or a continuous rotating mode, so that the electrolysis process is continuously carried out. The invention adopts a metal to replace an ion diaphragm, completes hydrogen production and oxygen production in different chambers synchronously, reduces the isolation cost and improves the efficiency.

Description

A hydrogen production device based on bipolar electrode system electrolysis water

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis, in particular to a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on a bipolar electrode system.

Background technique

Energy is an important material basis for developing the national economy and improving people's quality of life, an important constraint that directly affects economic development, and one of the foundations for national strategic security. In order to solve the growing contradiction between economic development, energy shortage and environmental pollution, it has become a very urgent task to develop clean, efficient and sustainable new energy power technology. The development of renewable energy and the clean and efficient use of energy will be an important practical issue facing the international community today, and it is of great significance to the sustainable development of the entire world economy. As an efficient, clean and ideal secondary energy source, hydrogen energy has received extensive attention from all over the world. Large-scale and cheap production of hydrogen is one of the important links in the development and utilization of hydrogen energy.

For example, Chinese Publication No. CN105734600B discloses a device and method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water in a two-step method with a three-electrode system and double electrolyzers. The electrolysis device comprises two independent electrolytic cells (cell-1 and cell-2), a hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode, an oxygen evolution catalytic electrode, a nickel hydroxide electrode and an alkaline electrolyte. The electrolysis device divides the process of electrolyzing water into two steps of hydrogen production and oxygen production, which are carried out alternately in two electrolytic cells (cell-1 and cell-2); the production of hydrogen and oxygen cannot be performed at the same time, and the production efficiency is slow. .

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen production device based on bipolar electrode system electrolysis of water, which uses a piece of metal instead of an ion diaphragm to completely separate the lye in the electrolytic cell, and uses materials such as nickel foam and doped Co as bipolar electrodes. The setting of the active electrode for switching between the two electrode ends, synchronously separate chambers to complete hydrogen and oxygen production, reduce isolation costs, and improve production efficiency and safety.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The present invention is a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on a bipolar electrode system, including an electrolytic cell: a partition made of metal is arranged in the electrolytic cell and separated into an independent anode oxygen evolution chamber and a cathode hydrogen evolution chamber by the partition;

Three electrodes: a hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode that catalyzes the electrolysis of water to generate hydrogen, an oxygen evolution catalytic electrode that catalyzes the electrolysis of water to generate oxygen, and a bipolar electrode;

Alkaline electrolyte: Oxygen is produced in the anode oxygen evolution chamber, and hydrogen is produced in the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber; The movable electrode for switching; the bipolar electrode is connected with an electrode control switching mechanism that controls the two electrode ends of the bipolar electrode to be switched and inserted into the anode oxygen evolution chamber and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber.

Further, the bipolar electrode is a cylindrical structure; the separator is provided with a vertically arranged channel matching with the bipolar electrode; the top of the bipolar electrode is connected to the electrode control Switching mechanism, the electrode control switching mechanism is a rotating motor A and a processor that are electrically connected; the material of the bipolar electrode is nickel foam and doped cobalt, and anodic oxidation occurs on the nickel surface in the lye to generate Ni ( OH) ₂ /NiOOH oxide capping layer.

Further, the bipolar electrode includes a U-shaped electrode body, and the U-shaped electrode body has a first electrode segment and a second electrode segment that can be respectively inserted into the anode oxygen evolution chamber and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber; the first electrode segment and the second electrode segment are foamed nickel, and anodic oxidation occurs on the nickel surface in the lye to generate Ni(OH)2/NiOOH oxide covering layer; the end of the U-shaped electrode body is connected to the electrode control switching mechanism, and the The electrode control switching mechanism includes an insulating substrate connected to the U-shaped electrode body and a processor, an electric telescopic mechanism is connected on the insulating substrate, and a rotating motor B is connected to the end of the electric telescopic mechanism; it also includes setting the The L-shaped bracket on the side where the anode oxygen evolution chamber and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber meet, the rotating motor B is installed on the L-shaped bracket; and the processor is connected to the electric telescopic mechanism and the rotating motor B respectively.

The electrode material of the hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode is: based on metal platinum and its compound with carbon; or based on the simple substance or compound of Ni, Co or Fe transition metal; or based on Cu compound; or based on W compound; based on Mo compound; the electrode material of the oxygen evolution catalytic electrode is: a compound based on Ru or Ir noble metal; or a simple substance or compound based on Ni, Co, Fe or Mn transition metal; the alkaline electrolyte solution is selected from potassium hydroxide, hydrogen Sodium oxide and other alkaline aqueous solutions.

Further, the anode oxygen evolution chamber and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber are respectively provided with outlets of an oxygen collector and a hydrogen collector; the oxygen collector and/or the hydrogen collector are connected with a flow sensor for detecting gas flow, so The flow sensor is connected to the processor.

The bottoms of the anode oxygen evolution chamber and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber are provided with a lye inlet, and the lye inlet is connected with a liquid inlet system, and the liquid inlet system includes a liquid inlet communicated with the lye inlet. A pump, the liquid inlet pump is arranged in the lye tank.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the present invention, through the setting of movable electrodes for switching between two electrode ends, the electrode ends are switched intelligently during the electrolysis process, so as to complete hydrogen production and oxygen production in different spaces at the same time in one device system, and improve the overall production efficiency.

Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages at the same time.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram II of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nickel hydroxide electrode of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "surrounding" etc. Indicating orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the present invention .

Please refer to Fig. 1-2, the present invention is a water electrolysis hydrogen production device based on a bipolar electrode system, including an electrolytic cell, which is divided into independent anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2 by a piece of metal; three Electrode: Hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode 21 that can catalyze the generation of hydrogen by electrolysis of water, oxygen evolution catalytic electrode 11 that can catalyze the generation of oxygen by electrolysis of water, and bipolar electrodes made of nickel foam and doped with Co, 3; alkaline electrolysis Liquid: produce oxygen in the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1, produce hydrogen in the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2; bipolar electrodes 3 such as foamed nickel and doped cobalt can be located in the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2 A movable electrode with two electrode terminals switched; the bipolar electrode 3 is connected to an electrode control switching mechanism that controls the two electrode terminals of the bipolar electrode 3 to be switched and inserted into the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2; the material of the hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode 21 is Co ₂ O ₃ , and the material of the oxygen evolution catalytic electrode 11 is RuO ₂ .

And the hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode 21 and the oxygen evolution catalytic electrode 11 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply.

In cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2:

Water molecules are electrochemically reduced to hydrogen on the surface of the hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode 21 as the cathode, that is, H ₂ O +e-→1/2H ₂ +OH ^- ; at the same time, the Ni(OH) ₂ electrode as the anode is electrochemically oxidized to NiOOH electrode, that is, Ni(OH) ₂ +OH ^- -e-→NiOOH+H ₂ O, when Ni(OH) ₂ in the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2 is almost completely oxidized to NiOOH, the NiOOH electrode formed in the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2 is transferred To the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1, which is used to electrolyze water to produce oxygen;

In the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1:

The NiOOH electrode as the cathode is electrochemically reduced to become the Ni(OH) ₂ electrode, that is, NiOOH+H ₂ O +e-→Ni(OH) ₂ +OH ^- The surface is electrochemically oxidized to oxygen, that is, 2OH ^- -2e-→1/2O ₂ +H ₂ O; when NiOOH in the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 is reduced to Ni(OH) ₂ , the Ni formed in the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 The (OH) ₂ electrode is transferred to the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2, and then used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen;

Embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1;

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a separator 4 is communicated between the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2, and the bipolar electrode 3 is a cylindrical structure; Vertical channel 41; the top of the bipolar electrode 3 is connected to the electrode control switching mechanism, which is a rotating motor A and a processor that are electrically connected.

The bipolar electrode 3 includes an insulating partition 31 located in the middle, and the two sides of the insulating partition 31 are respectively provided with electrode rods 32 with a semicircular cross-section, and the two electrode rods 32 are materials such as nickel foam and doped Co; The top of the partition 31 is provided with a mounting plate 33 connected to the rotating motor A; the tops of the two electrode rods 32 are electrically connected; the insulating partition 31 located directly below the mounting plate 33 is provided with a conductive structure that penetrates the insulating partition 31 34. The two ends of the conductive structure 34 are respectively connected to the conductive structures 34 of the two electrode rods 32. The conductive structure 34 is made of materials such as foamed nickel and doped Co; The sealing flanges 35 for sealing fit are arranged symmetrically on the two sealing flanges 35 located on the same side of the insulating partition 31 , and the sealing flanges 35 are arc-shaped.

When in use, through the setting of the columnar bipolar electrode 3, the rotation of the bipolar electrode 3 can be adjusted at any time according to the demand during the process of electrolyzing water, and the two electrode ends of the bipolar electrode 3 can be switched into the anode oxygen evolution chamber. 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2, so that the oxidation and reduction reactions are carried out cyclically.

Embodiment 3, based on embodiment 1;

As shown in Fig. 1, Ni(OH) ₂ /NiOOH bipolar electrode 3 comprises a U-shaped electrode body 301, and U-shaped electrode body 301 has the first electrode section 302 and the The second electrode segment 303, the first electrode segment 302 and the second electrode segment 303 are materials such as nickel foam and doped Co; the end of the U-shaped electrode body 301 is connected to the electrode control switching mechanism, and the electrode control switching mechanism includes a The insulating substrate 5 and the processor connected to the type electrode body 301, the insulating substrate 5 is connected with an electric telescopic mechanism 51, and the end of the electric telescopic mechanism 51 is connected with a rotating motor B53; it also includes an anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and a cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2 The L-shaped bracket 54 on one side of the intersection, and the rotating motor B53 is installed on the L-shaped bracket 54; and the processor is respectively connected to the electric telescopic mechanism 51 and the rotating motor B53.

Embodiment 4, based on embodiment 1-3;

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2 respectively have the outlets of the oxygen collector and the hydrogen collector; the oxygen collector and/or the hydrogen collector are connected with a flow sensor for detecting the gas flow, the flow The sensors are connected to the processor. The flow rate of the gas is detected by the flow sensor to judge the electrolysis speed, thereby judging the surface redox degree of the bipolar electrode 3 located in the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2, so that the two electrode ends of the bipolar electrode 3 can be conveniently and timely Switchable into the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2, to avoid the electrolysis speed being affected by the condition of the bipolar electrode 3 itself.

Embodiment 5, based on embodiment 1-3;

The bottoms of the anode oxygen evolution chamber 1 and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber 2 are all provided with a lye inlet 7, and the lye inlet 7 is connected with a liquid inlet system, and the liquid inlet system includes a liquid inlet pump communicated with the lye inlet 7. The liquid pump is arranged in the lye tank.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive in all detail, nor are the inventions limited to specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the contents of this specification. This description selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The invention is to be limited only by the claims, along with their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (2)

1. A hydrogen plant is produced to electrolysis water based on bipolar electrode system which characterized in that: comprises that

An electrolytic cell: a metal partition plate (4) is arranged in the hydrogen generating device and is separated by the partition plate (4) to form an anode oxygen evolution chamber (1) and a cathode hydrogen evolution chamber (2);

three electrodes: a hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode (21) having a catalytic action on the generation of hydrogen gas by the electrolysis of water, an oxygen evolution catalytic electrode (11) having a catalytic action on the generation of oxygen gas by the electrolysis of water, and a bipolar electrode (3);

alkaline electrolyte: oxygen production in the anodic oxygen evolution chamber (1) and hydrogen production in the cathodic hydrogen evolution chamber (2); the bipolar electrode (3) is a movable electrode which can switch two electrode ends positioned in the anode oxygen evolution chamber (1) and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber (2);

the bipolar electrode (3) is connected with an electrode control switching mechanism which controls two electrode ends of the bipolar electrode (3) to be switched and inserted into the anode oxygen precipitation chamber (1) and the cathode hydrogen precipitation chamber (2); the bipolar electrode (3) is of a cylindrical structure; the separator (4) is provided with a channel (41) which is matched with the bipolar electrode (3) and is vertically arranged;

the top of the bipolar electrode (3) is connected with the electrode control switching mechanism, and the electrode control switching mechanism comprises a rotating motor A and a processor which are electrically connected; the bipolar electrode (3) is made of foam nickel and doped cobalt, and the nickel surface in the alkali liquor is subjected to anodic oxidation to generate Ni (OH) ₂ A NiOOH oxide cap layer.

2. The device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on bipolar electrode system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the bipolar electrode (3) is replaced by a U-shaped electrode body (301), the U-shaped electrode body (301) has a first electrode segment (302) and a second electrode segment (303) which can be inserted into the anodic oxygen evolution chamber (1) and the cathodic hydrogen evolution chamber (2), respectively;

the first electrode section (302) and the second electrode section (303) are both foamed nickel and cobalt-doped, and the surface of nickel in the alkali liquor is subjected to anodic oxidation to generate Ni (OH) ₂ A NiOOH oxide cap layer;

the end part of the U-shaped electrode body (301) is connected with the electrode control switching mechanism, the electrode control switching mechanism comprises an insulating substrate (5) connected with the U-shaped electrode body (301) and a processor, an electric telescopic mechanism (51) is connected to the insulating substrate (5), and the end part of the electric telescopic mechanism (51) is connected with a rotating motor B (53);

the device also comprises an L-shaped bracket (54) arranged at one side of the junction of the anode oxygen evolution chamber (1) and the cathode hydrogen evolution chamber (2), and the rotating motor B (53) is arranged on the L-shaped bracket (54);

and the processor is respectively connected with an electric telescopic mechanism (51) and a rotating motor B (53).

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