CN114525530A - Method and device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water through unloaded liquid flow - Google Patents
Method and device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water through unloaded liquid flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN114525530A CN114525530A CN202210173466.6A CN202210173466A CN114525530A CN 114525530 A CN114525530 A CN 114525530A CN 202210173466 A CN202210173466 A CN 202210173466A CN 114525530 A CN114525530 A CN 114525530A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910002640 NiOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012412 chemical coupling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water through unloaded liquid flow, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen production through electrolyzed water. The invention comprises an electrolytic cell, a diaphragm arranged in the electrolytic cell; and an anode electrolysis area and a cathode electrolysis area are formed by separating the diaphragm; an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are respectively arranged in the electrolytic cells at the two sides of the diaphragm; the bottom end of the anode electrolysis region is communicated with a first pump, the output end of the first pump is communicated with a first anolyte storage tank, the first anolyte storage tank is connected with a second anolyte storage tank through a pipeline, and the second anolyte storage tank is communicated with the top of the anode electrolysis region through a second pump; the anode electrolysis region is filled with an anolyte in which a catalyst is dispersed. The invention is prepared byThe catalyst is dispersed in the anolyte, thereby solving the problems of catalyst falling off, low load and small effective area of the catalyst, and further solving the problems of the prior Ni (OH)2The load of the NiOOH electric couple on the foam nickel electrode is limited, which causes the problem of low efficiency of water electrolysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and particularly relates to a method and a device for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis through unloaded liquid flow.
Background
Hydrogen energy is the most promising clean energy, and then hydrogen and oxygen are difficult to separate in the traditional water electrolysis process. Aiming at the problem, two-step water electrolysis hydrogen production technologies are developed in recent years, wherein one electrochemical-chemical coupling technology successfully realizes two-step water electrolysis H production2/O2. The core idea is that the electron-coupling-proton buffering (ECPBs) medium electrode firstly releases electrons and corresponding ions through self oxidation reaction for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction of the cathode (first step); subsequently, using Ni (OH)2The potential difference between the NiOOH couple and the OER process is used as the driving force of the reaction, and the necessary heat is used for assisting the redox reaction, so that the Ni (OH) is realized2Reduction and regeneration of the buffer medium and synchronous release of oxygen (second step); however, the technology produces hydrogen and oxygen in a time distribution manner, and the chemical oxygen evolution reaction consumes a large amount of time; the anode chamber needs cold and hot water circulation; ni (OH)2The load of the/NiOOH electricity pair on the foam nickel electrode is limited, so that the efficiency of water electrolysis is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water by using an unloaded liquid flow, which solve the problems of catalyst falling off, low loading capacity and small effective area of the catalyst by dispersing the catalyst in an anolyte, and further solve the problems of the prior Ni (OH)2The load of the NiOOH electric couple on the foam nickel electrode is limited, which causes the problem of low efficiency of water electrolysis.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a hydrogen production device by electrolyzing water through unloaded liquid flow, which comprises an electrolytic cell and a diaphragm arranged in the electrolytic cell; and an anode electrolysis area and a cathode electrolysis area are formed by the separation of the diaphragm; the electrolytic cell also comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode which are respectively arranged in the electrolytic cells at the two sides of the diaphragm; the bottom end of the anode electrolysis region is communicated with a first pump, the output end of the first pump is communicated with a first anolyte storage tank, the first anolyte storage tank is connected with a second anolyte storage tank through a pipeline, and the second anolyte storage tank is communicated with the top of the anode electrolysis region through a second pump; the bottom end of the cathode electrolysis region is communicated with a third pump, the output end of the third pump is communicated with a cathode electrolyte storage tank, and the cathode electrolyte storage tank is also communicated with the top of the cathode electrolysis region through a fifth pump; the anode electrolysis region is filled with an anolyte, and a catalyst is dispersed in the anolyte; and the cathode electrolytic area is filled with a cathode electrolyte.
Further, a pump IV is arranged on the pipeline; or when the first anolyte storage tank is positioned above the second anolyte storage tank, the two ends of the pipeline are respectively communicated with the bottom of the first anolyte storage tank and the top of the second anolyte storage tank, and the pipeline is provided with an electric control valve.
Further, the device also comprises a heating device for heating the first anolyte storage tank; the heating device comprises a heating water tank, and the first anolyte storage tank is immersed in the heating water tank.
Further, a liquid level sensor A, a liquid level sensor B and a liquid level sensor C are respectively arranged in the electrolytic cell, the cathode electrolyte storage tank and the first anode electrolyte storage tank; the first anolyte storage tank and the catholyte storage tank are respectively communicated with a water replenishing pipe, and a water replenishing valve is arranged on the water replenishing pipe; the system is characterized by further comprising a central control system connected with the liquid level sensor A, the liquid level sensor B and the liquid level sensor C, and the central control system is further connected with a water supplementing valve, a first pump, a fourth pump/electric control valve, a third pump, a second pump and a fifth pump.
Further, the catalyst is Ni (OH)2NiOOH and cobalt-doped quantum dots or thin-layer nanosheets; the anode electrode uses an inert electrode material as a current collector; the inert electrode material comprises carbon cloth, a titanium mesh or foamed nickel; the cathode electrodeComprises a noble metal material and a transition metal compound; the noble metal material comprises platinum, platinum black and a composite material of the platinum black and a carbon material; the transition metal compound comprises phosphide, nitride, oxide, carbide and phosphorus nitride of metallic nickel, molybdenum and tungsten; the catholyte and the anolyte both adopt KOH solution, and the concentration of the KOH solution is 5 mol/L; the diaphragm is made of semipermeable membrane only needing to obstruct Ni (OH)2The catalyst does not enter the anode chamber and does not need to isolate ions, solution and gas.
A method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water through no-load liquid flow, comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: respectively injecting the anolyte and the catholyte with equal liquid levels into the anodic electrolysis area and the cathodic electrolysis area, and switching on the anode electrode and the cathode electrode;
the second step is that: the electrolytic process is judged by detecting the electrolytic voltage, and the reaction at the cathode electrode is Ni (OH)2+OH–→NiOOH+H2O + e-, after the electrolysis is finished, controlling the starting pump I and the starting pump III, disconnecting the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and synchronously and respectively pumping the electrolytes in the anode electrolysis region and the cathode electrolysis region into the first anode electrolyte storage tank and the cathode electrolyte storage tank;
the third step: after the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell to be detected is completely pumped out, the liquid levels of the catholyte storage tank and the first anolyte storage tank are detected, the volumes of the electrolyte in the catholyte storage tank and the first anolyte storage tank are judged to be V1 and V2, and the volume of the electrolyte in the initial electrolytic cell is V0, so that the water loss is judged to be Va which is V0-V1-V2; simultaneously determining volumes Vb1 and Vb2 of water needed to be replenished to the catholyte reservoir and the first anolyte reservoir, respectively, based on V1 and V2;
the fourth step: supplementing water with the volume of Vb1 to the catholyte storage tank, starting a second pump and a fifth pump, pumping the electrolytes stored in the second anolyte storage tank and the catholyte storage tank into the electrolytic cell, and connecting the anode electrode and the cathode electrode;
at the moment, the first anolyte storage tank is used for oxygen evolution under the heating condition, and the anode storage tankIn-can Ni (OH)2The reaction takes place by chemical oxygen evolution reaction at the temperature of 80 ℃ by taking NiOOH and cobalt-doped quantum dots or thin-layer nano sheets as redox catalysts, and the reaction is 4NiOOH +2H2O→4Ni(OH)2+O2；
The fifth step: and after oxygen evolution is finished in the first anolyte storage tank, water with the volume of Vb2 is supplemented to the first anolyte storage tank, and then the electrolyte in the first anolyte storage tank is conveyed to the second anolyte storage tank for storage.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention disperses the catalyst in the anolyte to solve the problems of catalyst falling off, low load capacity and small effective area of the catalyst, thereby solving the problems of the prior Ni (OH)2The load of the NiOOH electric couple on the foam nickel electrode is limited, which causes the problem of low efficiency of water electrolysis.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen production device by water electrolysis with no load liquid flow.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a hydrogen production device by water electrolysis with no load liquid flow comprises an electrolytic cell 1, a diaphragm 11 arranged in the electrolytic cell 1; and is separated by a diaphragm 11 to form an anode electrolysis area and a cathode electrolysis area; the electrolytic cell also comprises an anode electrode 12 and a cathode electrode 13 which are respectively arranged in the electrolytic cells 1 at two sides of the diaphragm 11; the bottom end of the anode electrolysis region is communicated with a first pump 31, the output end of the first pump 31 is communicated with a first anolyte storage tank 3, and the first anolyte storage tank 3 is connected with a second anode through a pipelineThe electrolyte storage tank 4 is communicated with the second anolyte storage tank 4 through a second pump 33 at the top of the anolyte electrolysis area; the bottom end of the cathode electrolysis region is communicated with a third pump 22, the output end of the third pump 22 is communicated with a cathode electrolyte storage tank 2, and the cathode electrolyte storage tank 2 is also communicated with the top of the cathode electrolysis region through a fifth pump 21; an anolyte is filled in the anolyte area, and a catalyst is dispersed in the anolyte; the cathode electrolysis area is filled with cathode electrolyte; the catalyst is Ni (OH)2/NiOOH and cobalt-doped quantum dots or thin-layer nanosheets; the anode electrode 12 uses an inert electrode material as a current collector, namely, uses foamed nickel as the current collector; meanwhile, the cathode electrode 13 is a platinum electrode; both the catholyte and the anolyte adopt KOH solution, and the concentration of the KOH solution is 5 mol/L; the diaphragm 11 is made of a semipermeable membrane and only needs to block Ni (OH)2The catalyst does not enter the anode chamber and does not need to isolate ions, solution and gas; the cost is low.
Further, a pump IV 32 is arranged on the pipeline; or when the first anolyte storage tank 3 is positioned above the second anolyte storage tank 4, the two ends of the pipeline are respectively communicated with the bottom of the first anolyte storage tank 3 and the top of the second anolyte storage tank 4, and the pipeline is provided with an electric control valve.
The device also comprises a heating device 5 for heating the first anolyte storage tank 3; the heating device 5 comprises a heating water tank, and the first anolyte tank 3 is immersed in the heating water tank.
A liquid level sensor A, a liquid level sensor B and a liquid level sensor C are respectively arranged in the electrolytic cell 1, the cathode electrolyte storage tank 2 and the first anode electrolyte storage tank 3; a water replenishing pipe is respectively connected to the first anolyte storage tank 3 and the catholyte storage tank 2, and a water replenishing valve is arranged on the water replenishing pipe; the system also comprises a central control system connected with the liquid level sensor A, the liquid level sensor B and the liquid level sensor C, and the central control system is also connected with a water supplementing valve, a first pump 31, a fourth pump 32/an electric control valve, a third pump 22, a second pump 33 and a fifth pump 21.
A method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water through no-load liquid flow, comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: respectively injecting the anolyte and the catholyte with equal liquid levels into the anode electrolysis area and the cathode electrolysis area, and connecting the anode electrode 12 and the cathode electrode 13;
the second step is that: the electrolytic process is judged by detecting the electrolytic voltage, and the reaction at the cathode electrode 13 is Ni (OH)2+OH–→NiOOH+H2O + e-, the amount of the brocade hydroxide is reduced along with the progress of the electrode, the voltage is increased, the electrolytic voltage has a sudden change after the brocade hydroxide is completely converted into the hydroxyl brocade hydroxide, when the sudden change of the electrolytic voltage is detected, the electrolysis is judged to be finished, after the electrolysis is finished, the first pump 31 and the third pump 22 are controlled to be started, the anode electrode 12 and the cathode electrode 13 are disconnected, and the electrolytes in the anode electrolysis area and the cathode electrolysis area are synchronously and respectively pumped into the first anolyte storage tank 3 and the catholyte storage tank 2;
the third step: after the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell 1 to be detected is completely pumped out, the liquid levels of the catholyte storage tank 2 and the first anolyte storage tank 3 are detected, the volumes of the electrolyte in the catholyte storage tank 2 and the first anolyte storage tank 3 are judged to be V1 and V2, and the volume of the electrolyte in the initial electrolytic cell 1 is V0, so that the water loss is judged to be Va which is V0-V1-V2; simultaneously determining volumes Vb1 and Vb2 of water needed to be replenished to catholyte reservoir 2 and first anolyte reservoir 3, respectively, based on V1 and V2;
the fourth step: replenishing water with the volume of Vb1 to the catholyte storage tank 2, then starting a second pump 33 and a fifth pump 21, pumping the electrolytes stored in the second anolyte storage tank 4 and the catholyte storage tank 2 into the electrolytic cell 1, and connecting the anode electrode 12 and the cathode electrode 13;
at the moment, the first anolyte storage tank 3 is subjected to oxygen evolution under the heating condition, Ni (OH)2/NiOOH and cobalt-doped quantum dots or thin-layer nanosheets in the anolyte storage tank are used as redox catalysts to perform chemical oxygen evolution reaction at the temperature of 80 ℃, and the reaction is 4NiOOH +2H2O→4Ni(OH)2+O2；
The fifth step: after the oxygen evolution in the first anolyte reservoir 3 is completed, water of volume Vb2 is replenished to the first anolyte reservoir 3, and then the electrolyte in the first anolyte reservoir 3 is transferred to the second anolyte reservoir 4 for storage.
The separation in the hydrogen and oxygen producing space of the two-step method electrolyzed water is realized, the time is synchronous, the capacity of the oxidation-reduction buffer medium can be improved, and the hydrogen producing efficiency of the electrolyzed water is improved.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A no-load liquid flow water electrolysis hydrogen production device is characterized in that: comprises an electrolytic cell (1), a diaphragm (11) arranged in the electrolytic cell (1); and an anode electrolysis area and a cathode electrolysis area are formed by separating the diaphragm (11);
the electrolytic cell also comprises an anode electrode (12) and a cathode electrode (13) which are respectively arranged in the electrolytic cells (1) at the two sides of the diaphragm (11);
the bottom end of the anode electrolysis region is communicated with a first pump (31), the output end of the first pump (31) is communicated with a first anolyte storage tank (3), the first anolyte storage tank (3) is connected with a second anolyte storage tank (4) through a pipeline, and the second anolyte storage tank (4) is communicated with the top of the anode electrolysis region through a second pump (33);
the bottom end of the cathode electrolysis region is communicated with a third pump (22), the output end of the third pump (22) is communicated with a cathode electrolyte storage tank (2), and the cathode electrolyte storage tank (2) is also communicated with the top of the cathode electrolysis region through a fifth pump (21);
wherein, the anode electrolysis area is filled with an anolyte, and a catalyst is dispersed in the anolyte; and the cathode electrolysis region is filled with cathode electrolyte.
2. The apparatus for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water with no load flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein said piping is provided with a pump four (32);
or when the first anolyte storage tank (3) is positioned above the second anolyte storage tank (4), the two ends of the pipeline are respectively communicated with the bottom of the first anolyte storage tank (3) and the top of the second anolyte storage tank (4), and the pipeline is provided with an electric control valve.
3. An apparatus for the production of hydrogen by the electrolysis of water with no load flow according to claim 1, characterized by a heating device (5) for heating the first anolyte tank (3).
4. An apparatus for the production of hydrogen by the electrolysis of water with no load flow according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating device (5) comprises a heating water tank, and the first anolyte storage tank (3) is immersed in the heating water tank.
5. The hydrogen production device by electrolyzing water through unloaded liquid flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein a liquid level sensor A, a liquid level sensor B and a liquid level sensor C are respectively arranged in the electrolytic cell (1), the catholyte storage tank (2) and the first anolyte storage tank (3);
a water replenishing pipe is respectively communicated with the first anolyte storage tank (3) and the catholyte storage tank (2), and a water replenishing valve is arranged on the water replenishing pipe;
the system is characterized by further comprising a central control system connected with the liquid level sensor A, the liquid level sensor B and the liquid level sensor C, and the central control system is further connected with a water supplementing valve, a first pump (31), a fourth pump (32)/an electric control valve, a third pump (22), a second pump (33) and a fifth pump (21).
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is Ni (OH)2NiOOH and cobalt-doped quantum dots or thin-layer nanosheets;
the anode electrode (12) uses an inert electrode material as a current collector;
wherein the inert electrode material comprises carbon cloth, titanium mesh or foamed nickel;
the cathode electrode (13) comprises a noble metal material, a transition metal compound;
the noble metal material comprises platinum, platinum black and a composite material of the platinum black and a carbon material; the transition metal compounds include phosphides, nitrides, oxides, carbides and phosphides of the metals nickel, molybdenum, tungsten.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the catholyte and the anolyte are both KOH solutions.
8. The device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water through load-free liquid flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein said diaphragm (11) is a semi-permeable membrane.
9. A method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water through no-load liquid flow is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: respectively injecting the anolyte and the catholyte with equal liquid levels into the anode electrolysis area and the cathode electrolysis area, and switching on the anode electrode (12) and the cathode electrode (13);
the second step is that: judging the electrolytic process by detecting electrolytic voltage, controlling to start a pump I (31) and a pump III (22) after electrolysis is finished, disconnecting an anode electrode (12) and a cathode electrode (13), and synchronously and respectively pumping the electrolytes in an anode electrolytic area and a cathode electrolytic area into a first anode electrolyte storage tank (3) and a cathode electrolyte storage tank (2);
the third step: after the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell (1) to be detected is completely extracted, the liquid levels of the catholyte storage tank (2) and the first anolyte storage tank (3) are detected, the volumes of the electrolyte in the catholyte storage tank (2) and the first anolyte storage tank (3) are judged as V1 and V2, the volume of the electrolyte in the initial electrolytic cell (1) is V0, and the water loss is judged as Va which is V0-V1-V2; simultaneously determining volumes Vb1 and Vb2 of water to be replenished to the catholyte reservoir (2) and the first anolyte reservoir (3) respectively, based on V1 and V2;
the fourth step: replenishing water with the volume of Vb1 to the catholyte storage tank (2), then starting a second pump (33) and a fifth pump (21), pumping the electrolytes stored in the second anolyte storage tank (4) and the catholyte storage tank (2) into the electrolytic cell (1), and connecting the anode electrode (12) and the cathode electrode (13);
at the moment, the first anolyte storage tank (3) is used for oxygen evolution under the heating condition;
the fifth step: after oxygen evolution is completed in the first anolyte storage tank (3), water with the volume of Vb2 is supplemented to the first anolyte storage tank (3), and then the electrolyte in the first anolyte storage tank (3) is conveyed to the second anolyte storage tank (4) for storage.
10. A method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water with no load flow according to claim 1, characterized in that in said fourth step, said first anolyte tank (3) is heated in water bath at 75-95 ℃.
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