CN114892182A - Three-electrode system-based electrolytic cell for two-step water electrolysis hydrogen production and application thereof - Google Patents
Three-electrode system-based electrolytic cell for two-step water electrolysis hydrogen production and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114892182A CN114892182A CN202210508895.4A CN202210508895A CN114892182A CN 114892182 A CN114892182 A CN 114892182A CN 202210508895 A CN202210508895 A CN 202210508895A CN 114892182 A CN114892182 A CN 114892182A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910002640 NiOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018661 Ni(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 analytical equipment Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/01—Electrolytic cells characterised by shape or form
- C25B9/015—Cylindrical cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The application discloses electrolysis trough of two-step method electrolysis water hydrogen manufacturing based on three electrode system, this electrolysis trough includes at least: hydrogen evolution cathode, oxygen evolution anode, NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 A composite electrode, a cylinder component, a flange cover component,Insulating components, and the like. The electrolytic cell is suitable for a two-step electrolytic hydrogen production route of a single electrolytic cell three-electrode system. Through the mode, the electrolytic cell adopts the structure of the single cylinder body, an actuating mechanism is not required to be added in the electrolytic cell, and the application requirements of two-step hydrogen generation by an electrochemical method can be met. The electrolytic cell is simple to operate in use, has safety and high efficiency, and can meet the requirements of process gas, analytical equipment, hydrogen for synthesis or other operations in the electronic industry.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, in particular to an electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on a three-electrode system in a two-step method and application thereof.
Background
Under the background of the strategic requirement of 'double carbon', various industries seek a new way to reduce the utilization of fossil fuel and vigorously develop new energy, and hydrogen is widely concerned as an energy carrier which is pollution-free and has wide sources. The hydrogen is divided into green hydrogen, blue hydrogen and grey hydrogen from the generation mode, wherein the green hydrogen refers to the hydrogen generated without carbon emission in the generation process, and the hydrogen production technology mainly refers to the water electrolysis hydrogen production technology at present. The existing water electrolysis hydrogen production technology which can be used on a large scale only adopts alkaline hydrogen production, however, in order to ensure the purity of hydrogen and the safety of hydrogen production, a diaphragm needs to be arranged in an electrolytic cell, so that the hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis are separated, but the energy consumption is increased due to the membrane resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a design scheme of an electrolytic cell with high reliability for hydrogen production by water electrolysis in a two-step method based on a three-electrode system, and aims to solve at least one of technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides an electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on a two-step method of a three-electrode system, which at least comprises: the three-electrode assembly, the barrel assembly and the flange cover assembly;
the three-electrode assembly includes: oxygen evolution anode, hydrogen evolution cathode and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 A composite electrode, the oxygen evolution anode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the hydrogen evolution cathode are arranged in a stacking mode at intervals, and the NiOOH/Ni (OH)2 composite electrode is arranged between the other two electrodes;
the cartridge assembly includes: the electrolyte tank comprises a tank body and two tank flanges positioned on two sides of the tank body, wherein the tank body is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and is used for containing alkaline electrolyte, and a three-electrode assembly is placed in the tank body;
the flange cover assembly comprises two flange covers, the two flange covers are respectively and fixedly connected with the two barrel flanges through fasteners, and threading holes a1, a2 and a3 are formed in the flange cover externally connected with the electrode;
wherein the oxygen evolution anode, the hydrogen evolution cathode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 Electrode leading-out wires of the composite electrode respectively pass through the threading holes a1, a2 and a3 and are exposed out of the outer side face of the flange cover, and the electrode leading-out wires are used for being externally connected with a power supply so that the hydrogen evolution cathode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the power supply form a first circuit, the oxygen evolution anode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The combined electrode and the power supply form a second circuit, the first circuit is closed and the second circuit is open when the electrolytic cell is in a hydrogen evolution working state, and the second circuit is closed and the first circuit is open when the electrolytic cell is in an oxygen evolution working state.
Further, a sealing gasket is arranged between the cylinder body flange and the flange cover.
Furthermore, m first positioning through holes are arranged on the oxygen evolution anode, and the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode is provided with m second positioning through holes, and the hydrogen evolution cathode is provided with m third positioning through holes;
the electrolytic cell also comprises an insulation component, the insulation component comprises m first positioning insulation screw rods, insulation positioning sleeves are arranged on the outer circumferences of the first positioning insulation screw rods, wherein the m first positioning insulation screw rods respectively and sequentially penetrate through m first positioning through holes, m second positioning through holes and m third positioning through holes, and the insulation positioning sleeves enable the oxygen evolution anode and the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the hydrogen evolution cathode are fixed on the preset position of the first positioning insulating screw rod, so that the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 Composite electrode, the oxygen evolution anode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the hydrogen evolution cathode are arranged in a spaced and laminated mode.
Further, the electrolytic cell further comprises an insulating assembly, the insulating assembly further comprising: the bottom insulation support plate, the plurality of middle insulation support plates and the n second positioning insulation screw rods are arranged on the bottom insulation support plate;
the edge of the bottom insulating support plate and the edges of the plurality of middle insulating support plates are clamped with the inner wall surface of the cylinder body, the middle insulating support plate is provided with a through groove and n fourth positioning through holes distributed around the through groove, and the bottom insulating support plate is provided with n fifth positioning through holes;
the three-electrode assembly penetrates through the through grooves of the plurality of middle insulation support plates respectively, and one end of the three-electrode assembly abuts against the bottom insulation support plate;
and the n second positioning insulation screw rods respectively penetrate through the n second positioning through holes of the middle insulation support plates and then respectively penetrate through the n third positioning through holes of the bottom insulation support plate.
Further, the insulation assembly further comprises: and the positioning nut fixes the plurality of middle insulating support plates and the bottom insulating support plate at the preset position of the second positioning insulating screw rod.
Further, the insulation assembly further comprises: an end insulating plate and an end insulating gasket which are stacked and arranged between the three-electrode assembly and one of the flange covers, wherein the three-electrode assembly is abutted against the end insulating plate, and the end insulating gasket is abutted against the flange cover;
an insulating sleeve is arranged in the threading hole corresponding to the electrode lead wire, and the oxygen evolution anode, the hydrogen evolution cathode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 And an electrode lead-out wire of the composite electrode sequentially penetrates through the end insulating plate, the end insulating sealing gasket and the flange cover.
Furthermore, the electrode lead-out wire penetrates out of the flange cover and then is screwed up and fixed by a nut, and an insulating gasket is arranged between the nut and the outer side face of the flange cover in a cushioning mode.
Further, the material of the insulation component comprises at least one of a tetrafluoro material, phenolic resin glass fiber, a rubber cloth plate, resin or rubber.
Furthermore, one end of the second positioning insulation screw, which is far away from the bottom insulation support plate, is connected with the flange cover by welding or internal and external thread connection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application also provides an application of the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on the two-step method of the three-electrode system in the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
(1) the electrolytic cell adopts the structure of a single cylinder body, an actuating mechanism is not required to be added in the electrolytic cell, and the application requirements of two steps of hydrogen generation by an electrochemical method can be met. The electrolytic cell is simple to operate in use, has safety and high efficiency, and can meet the requirements of process gas, analytical equipment, hydrogen for synthesis or other operations in the electronic industry.
(2) The device has the working characteristics that the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water and the oxygen production by electrolyzing water are carried out in two steps, so that the hydrogen and the oxygen can be produced respectively, the high-purity hydrogen and the high-purity oxygen can be produced, the condition of mixing the oxygen and the hydrogen can not occur, and the safety of producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolyzed water is improved.
(3) Because the hydrogen and the oxygen are respectively prepared, the electrolytic cell of the device does not need to be provided with a diaphragm, and compared with the traditional hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis of water, the electrolytic cell omits the diaphragm, increases OH in electrolyte - The transmission rate of the ions reduces the cost and improves the efficiency and the rate of hydrogen production by electrolysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water in a two-step method based on a three-electrode system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cartridge assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the three-electrode assembly of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 4a-4d are schematic diagrams of different arrangements of the electrodes in the three-electrode assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the intermediate insulating support plate of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bottom insulating support plate of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the three-electrode assembly of FIG. 1 to a flange cover;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the oxygen evolving anode or hydrogen evolving cathode of FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is the NiOOH/Ni (OH) of FIG. 4 2 The structure of the composite electrode is shown schematically.
Detailed description of the invention
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the application include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water in two steps based on a three-electrode system at least comprises: three electrode assemblies 1, can assembly 2 and a flange cover assembly.
Referring to fig. 2, the cartridge assembly 2 includes: the electrolyte tank comprises a cylinder body 21 and two cylinder flanges 2a and 2b positioned on two sides of the cylinder body 21, wherein a liquid inlet 211 and a liquid outlet 212 are arranged on the cylinder body 21, and the cylinder body 21 is used for containing alkaline electrolyte. The electrolyte in the cylindrical body 21 is an alkaline electrolyte. Preferably, the electrolyte in the cylinder body 21 is a sodium hydroxide solution or a potassium hydroxide solution. More preferably, the electrolyte in the cylinder body 21 is a KOH solution with a mass percentage of 30%.
Referring to fig. 4a-4d, 7 and 8, the three-electrode assembly 1 comprises: a hydrogen evolution cathode 12, an oxygen evolution anode 13 and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 . The hydrogen evolution cathode 12 adopts a Ni-Fe electrode, and the oxygen evolution anode 13 adopts foam nickel. A composite electrode 14, an oxygen evolution anode 13, NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the hydrogen evolving cathode 12 may be arranged in spaced stacks. In particular toThe three electrodes can be arranged in a left, middle and right arrangement, wherein the middle is Ni (OH) 2 The left side or the right side of the/NiOOH electrode 14 is a hydrogen evolution cathode 12 (such as a nickel iron electrode) and the other side electrode adopts an oxygen evolution anode 13 (such as a nickel-based electrode).
Wherein, the hydrogen evolution cathode 12, the oxygen evolution anode 13 and the NiOOH/Ni (OH)2 composite electrode 14 are arranged in the cylinder body 21.
The flange cover assembly comprises two flange covers 3a and 3b, the two flange covers 3a and 3b are respectively fastened and connected with the two cylinder flanges 2a and 2b through fasteners, and the flange cover 3a externally connected with the three electrodes is provided with threading holes a1, a2 and a 3.
Wherein, the hydrogen-evolving cathode 12, the oxygen-evolving anode 13 and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The electrode leading-out wires of the composite electrode 14 respectively pass through the threading holes a1, a2 and a3 and are exposed out of the outer side surface of the flange cover 3a, and the electrode leading-out wires are used for an external power supply (not shown) so as to lead the hydrogen evolution cathode 12, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode 14 and the power supply form a first circuit, an oxygen evolution anode 13, NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The combined electrode 14 and the power supply constitute a second electric circuit, the first circuit being closed and the second circuit being open when the electrolyzer is in the hydrogen evolution operating condition, the second circuit being closed and the first circuit being open when the electrolyzer is in the oxygen evolution operating condition.
In some embodiments, a sealing gasket is provided between the cylinder flange 2a and the flange cover 3a, and a sealing gasket is provided between the cylinder flange 2b and the flange cover 3 b. The sealing gasket can be a rubber sealing gasket or a PTFE material sealing gasket.
In some embodiments, the oxygen evolving anode 13 is provided with m first positioning through holes, NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode 14 is provided with m second positioning through holes, and the hydrogen evolution cathode 12 is provided with m third positioning through holes. Wherein m is an integer greater than or equal to 3, for example m is 3 or 4 or 5.
The electrolytic cell further comprises an insulation assembly, see fig. 3, which comprises m first positioning insulation screws 11, and an insulation positioning sleeve 8 is arranged on the outer circumference of the first positioning insulation screws 11. Wherein, the first positioning insulation screw 11 passes through the first positioning through hole, the second positioning through hole and the third positioning through hole in sequenceHoles, insulating locating sleeves 8 for the hydrogen-evolving cathode 12, oxygen-evolving anode 13 and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode 14 is fixed on the preset position of the first positioning insulation screw 11, so that the hydrogen evolution cathode 12, the oxygen evolution anode 13 and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrodes 14 are arranged in a spaced-apart stacked arrangement of NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode is arranged between the other two electrodes.
In some embodiments, the insulation assembly further comprises: bottom insulating support plate 4, a plurality of middle insulating support plates 6, n second location insulating screw rods 5. Wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 4, for example n is 4 or 5 or 6.
Wherein, the edge of bottom insulation support plate 4 and the edge of a plurality of middle insulation support plates 6 all with the internal face joint of barrel body 21.
Referring to fig. 5, the middle insulating support plate 6 is provided with a through groove and n fourth positioning through holes distributed around the through groove. Referring to fig. 6, n fifth positioning through holes are formed in the bottom insulating support plate 4. Wherein, the three-electrode assembly 1 respectively passes through the through grooves of the plurality of middle insulation support plates 6, and one end of the three-electrode assembly 1 is abutted against the bottom insulation support plate. The n second positioning insulation screws 5 respectively penetrate through the n second positioning through holes of the plurality of middle insulation support plates 6 and then respectively penetrate through the n third positioning through holes of the bottom insulation support plate 4.
In some embodiments, the insulation assembly further comprises: and the positioning nut 7 fixes the plurality of middle insulating support plates 6 and the bottom insulating support plate 4 on the preset position of the second positioning insulating screw rod 5 by the positioning nut 7.
In some embodiments, the insulation assembly further comprises: an end insulating plate 9 and an end insulating gasket 10, which are provided between the three-electrode assembly 1 and one of the flange covers 3a, are stacked, wherein the three-electrode assembly 1 abuts against the end insulating plate 9, and the end insulating gasket 10 abuts against the flange cover 3 a.
Insulation sleeves, a hydrogen evolution cathode 12, an oxygen evolution anode 13 and NiOOH/Ni (OH) are arranged in the threading holes a1, a2 and a3 corresponding to the electrode lead-out wires 2 The electrode lead-out wire of the composite electrode 14 passes through the end insulating plate 9, the end insulating gasket 10 and the flange cover 3a in this order.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, after the electrode lead-out wire is passed through the flange cover 3a, it is fastened by the nut 16, and the insulating gasket 15 is filled between the nut 16 and the outer side surface of the flange cover 3a
In some embodiments, the material of the insulating member and the insulating pad 15 may include at least one of teflon material, phenolic resin glass fiber, cloth rubber plate, resin or rubber. The first positioning insulating screw 5 and the second positioning insulating screw 11 may also be stainless steel screws externally coated with an insulating material, and the insulating material may include at least one of a tetrafluoro material, a phenolic resin glass fiber, a rubberized plate, a resin, or a rubber.
In some embodiments, the connection between the end of the second positioning insulation screw 5 far away from the bottom insulation support plate 4 and the flange cover 3a is formed by welding or internal and external thread connection.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
(1) the electrolytic cell adopts the structure of a single cylinder body, and an actuating mechanism is not required to be added in the electrolytic cell, so that the application requirements of hydrogen generation in two steps by an electrochemical method can be met. The electrolytic cell is simple to operate in use, has safety and high efficiency, and can meet the requirements of process gas, analytical equipment, hydrogen for synthesis or other operations in the electronic industry.
(2) The device has the working characteristics that the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water and the oxygen production by electrolyzing water are carried out in two steps, so that the hydrogen and the oxygen can be produced respectively, the high-purity hydrogen and the high-purity oxygen can be produced, the condition of mixing the oxygen and the hydrogen can not occur, and the safety of producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolyzed water is improved.
(3) Because the hydrogen and the oxygen are respectively prepared, the electrolytic cell of the device does not need to be provided with a diaphragm, and compared with the traditional hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis of water, the electrolytic cell omits the diaphragm, increases OH in electrolyte - The transmission rate of the ions reduces the cost and improves the efficiency and the rate of hydrogen production by electrolysis.
The application also provides an application of the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on the two-step method of the three-electrode system in the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water by a two-step method based on a three-electrode system comprises two working states of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution.
When in the hydrogen evolution working state, the hydrogen evolution cathode 12 is connected with the positive pole of the DC power supply, Ni (OH) 2 The NiOOH electrode 14 is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply, and the temperature of KOH solution with the mass percentage of 30 percent in the cylinder body 21 is controlled within 60 ℃. In the process, water molecules in the electrolyte are electrochemically reduced on the surface of the hydrogen evolution cathode 12 to generate hydrogen gas, namely H 2 O+e - →1/2H 2 ↑+OH - And NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode 14 reacts as follows: ni (OH) 2 +OH - －e - →NiOOH+H 2 O。
When in the oxygen evolution working state, the oxygen evolution anode 13 is connected with the negative pole of the DC power supply, Ni (OH) 2 the/NiOOH electrode 14 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, and the temperature of the KOH solution with the mass percentage of 30% in the cylinder body 21 is controlled within 110 ℃. In the process, hydroxide ions in the alkaline electrolyte are electrochemically oxidized into oxygen gas, namely 2 OH-2 e, on the surface of the oxygen evolution anode - →1/2O 2 +H 2 O, and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode undergoes the following reactions: NiOOH + H 2 O+e - →-Ni(OH) 2 +OH - 。
The application also provides an application of the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water based on the two-step method of the three-electrode system in the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water by a two-step method based on a three-electrode system comprises two working states of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution.
The hydrogen evolution cathode 12 adopts a Ni-Fe electrode, the oxygen evolution anode 13 adopts foam nickel, and the hydrogen evolution cathode 12 and the oxygen evolution anode 13 are respectively arranged in Ni (OH) 2 On both sides of the/NiOOH composite electrode 14. When the direct current is externally connected, two paths of direct current exist; wherein the positive pole of one path of direct current is connected with a foamed nickel electrode 13, and the negative pole is connected with Ni (OH) 2 a/NiOOH composite electrode 14; the positive pole of the other path of direct current is connected with Ni (OH) 2 The NiOOH composite electrode 14, the negative electrode is connected with Ni-And an Fe electrode 12. During operation, two direct currents are electrolyzed alternately.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes other implementations in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water in a two-step method based on a three-electrode system is characterized by at least comprising: the three-electrode assembly, the barrel assembly and the flange cover assembly;
the three-electrode assembly includes: oxygen evolution anode, hydrogen evolution cathode and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 A composite electrode, the oxygen evolution anode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the hydrogen evolution cathode are arranged in a spaced and laminated mode, and NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode is arranged between the other two electrodes;
the cartridge assembly includes: the electrolyte tank comprises a tank body and two tank flanges positioned on two sides of the tank body, wherein the tank body is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and is used for containing alkaline electrolyte, and a three-electrode assembly is placed in the tank body;
the flange cover assembly comprises two flange covers, the two flange covers are respectively and fixedly connected with the two barrel flanges through fasteners, and threading holes a1, a2 and a3 are formed in the flange cover externally connected with the electrode;
wherein the oxygen evolution anode, the hydrogen evolution cathode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 Electrode leading-out wires of the composite electrode respectively pass through the threading holes a1, a2 and a3 and are exposed out of the outer side surface of the flange cover, and the electrode leading-out wires are used for being externally connected with a power supply so as to lead the hydrogen evolution cathode and the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the power supply form a first circuit, the oxygen evolution anode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The combined electrode and the power supply form a second circuit, the first circuit is closed and the second circuit is open when the electrolytic cell is in a hydrogen evolution working state, and the second circuit is closed and the first circuit is open when the electrolytic cell is in an oxygen evolution working state.
2. The electrolyzer for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water in two steps based on a three-electrode system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing gasket is arranged between the cylinder flange and the flange cover.
3. The electrolyzer for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water in two steps based on a three-electrode system according to claim 1,
m first positioning through holes are arranged on the oxygen evolution anode, and N isiOOH/Ni(OH) 2 The composite electrode is provided with m second positioning through holes, and the hydrogen evolution cathode is provided with m third positioning through holes;
the electrolytic cell also comprises an insulation component, the insulation component comprises m first positioning insulation screw rods, insulation positioning sleeves are arranged on the outer circumferences of the first positioning insulation screw rods, wherein the m first positioning insulation screw rods respectively and sequentially penetrate through m first positioning through holes, m second positioning through holes and m third positioning through holes, and the insulation positioning sleeves enable the oxygen evolution anode and the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the hydrogen evolution cathode are fixed on the preset position of the first positioning insulating screw rod, so that the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 Composite electrode, the oxygen evolution anode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 The composite electrode and the hydrogen evolution cathode are arranged in a spaced and laminated mode.
4. The three-electrode system-based two-step water electrolysis cell for producing hydrogen according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating assembly, wherein the insulating assembly further comprises: the bottom insulation support plate, the plurality of middle insulation support plates and the n second positioning insulation screw rods are arranged on the bottom insulation support plate;
the edge of the bottom insulating support plate and the edges of the plurality of middle insulating support plates are clamped with the inner wall surface of the cylinder body, the middle insulating support plate is provided with a through groove and n fourth positioning through holes distributed around the through groove, and the bottom insulating support plate is provided with n fifth positioning through holes;
the three-electrode assembly penetrates through the through grooves of the plurality of middle insulation support plates respectively, and one end of the three-electrode assembly abuts against the bottom insulation support plate;
and the n second positioning insulation screw rods respectively penetrate through the n second positioning through holes of the middle insulation support plates and then respectively penetrate through the n third positioning through holes of the bottom insulation support plate.
5. The three-electrode system-based two-step water electrolysis cell for producing hydrogen according to claim 4,
the insulation assembly further comprises: and the positioning nut fixes the plurality of middle insulating support plates and the bottom insulating support plate at the preset position of the second positioning insulating screw rod.
6. The three-electrode system-based two-step water electrolysis cell for producing hydrogen according to claim 4,
the insulation assembly further comprises: an end insulating plate and an end insulating gasket which are stacked and arranged between the three-electrode assembly and one of the flange covers, wherein the three-electrode assembly is abutted against the end insulating plate, and the end insulating gasket is abutted against the flange cover;
an insulating sleeve is arranged in the threading hole corresponding to the electrode lead wire, and the oxygen evolution anode, the hydrogen evolution cathode, the NiOOH/Ni (OH) 2 And an electrode lead-out wire of the composite electrode sequentially penetrates through the end insulating plate, the end insulating sealing gasket and the flange cover.
7. The three-electrode system-based two-step water electrolysis cell for producing hydrogen according to claim 6,
and the electrode lead-out wire penetrates out of the flange cover and is screwed and fixed by a nut, and an insulating gasket is arranged between the nut and the outer side surface of the flange cover.
8. The three-electrode system-based two-step water electrolysis cell for producing hydrogen according to any one of claims 3 to 7,
the insulating assembly is made of at least one of a tetrafluoro material, phenolic resin glass fiber, a rubber cloth plate, resin or rubber.
9. The three-electrode system-based two-step water electrolysis cell for producing hydrogen according to claim 4,
and one end of the second positioning insulation screw, which is far away from the bottom insulation support plate, is connected with the flange cover by welding or internal and external threads.
10. Use of a three-electrode system based two-step process water electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for hydrogen production by water electrolysis.
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