CN113862537A - High-elongation magnesium alloy capable of rapidly reacting with clear water and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-elongation magnesium alloy capable of rapidly reacting with clear water and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-elongation magnesium alloy capable of rapidly reacting with clear water and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-elongation magnesium alloy contains gadolinium, yttrium, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, silicon, copper, iron, nickel, gallium, indium, beryllium, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, calcium and magnesium; the alloy comprises, by weight, 1.0-11.0 parts of gadolinium, 1.0-6.0 parts of yttrium, 0.6-1.5 parts of aluminum, 0.5-6.5 parts of zinc, 0.1-0.5 part of zirconium, 0.05-6.0 parts of total content of silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium and indium, 0.1-0.5 part of total content of beryllium and calcium, and 66-97 parts of magnesium; the high-elongation magnesium alloy solves the problems of slow reaction rate and low elongation of the magnesium alloy and water in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy, in particular to a high-elongation magnesium alloy capable of rapidly reacting with clear water and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The magnesium alloy is formed by adding other elements into magnesium as a base, and is characterized in that: the density is small (1.8 g/cm)3Left and right), high elongation, large specific elastic modulus, good heat dissipation, good shock absorption, larger impact load bearing capacity than aluminum alloy, and organic matter resistanceAnd the corrosion performance of alkali is good. The magnesium alloy has wide application in various industrial fields, such as aviation, aerospace, transportation, chemical industry, rocket and other industrial departments. Magnesium alloys have high strength and high rigidity, and are the lightest of the practical metals, and magnesium has a specific gravity of about 2/3 for aluminum and 1/4 for iron. On the other hand, the magnesium alloy is active in chemical properties in the existing material, and can be applied to the industrial field requiring that the structural material has the degradation capability.
Although the magnesium alloy has active chemical properties, the reaction speed of magnesium with water and a water-oil mixture is very weak at normal temperature, and the main reason is that magnesium hydroxide generated by the reaction can prevent the magnesium from further reacting with clear water, and only a slow reaction can be observed even if the magnesium is heated to boiling. Because the reaction rate of the conventional magnesium alloy and water is low in a certain temperature range and the controllable range is narrow, the requirement of industrial application cannot be met.
Although the prior art, for example, patent document CN 106119648A discloses "a method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough magnesium alloy and its member which can react with water controllably; the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: gd8.0-10.0%, Y2.5-4.5%, Mn0.6-1.0%, Zn0.5-1.0%, the total content of mixed reaction promoting elements (MRAE) such as Si, Ni, Ga, In and the like is 0.1-2.1%, Mg is the balance, and the total weight percentage of impurity elements Be, Zr and Ca is less than 0.01% "; although the magnesium alloy can react with water rapidly, the alloy has a defect of low elongation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-elongation magnesium alloy capable of reacting with clear water quickly and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of low reaction rate and low elongation of the magnesium alloy and water in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a high-elongation magnesium alloy that reacts rapidly with clean water, the high-elongation magnesium alloy containing gadolinium, yttrium, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, silicon, copper, iron, nickel, gallium, indium, beryllium, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, calcium and magnesium;
the alloy comprises, by weight, 1.0-11.0 parts of gadolinium, 1.0-6.0 parts of yttrium, 0.6-1.5 parts of aluminum, 0.5-6.5 parts of zinc, 0.1-0.5 part of zirconium, 0.05-6.0 parts of total content of silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium and indium, 0.1-0.5 part of total content of beryllium and calcium, and 66-97 parts of magnesium.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can react with clear water rapidly, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy, and mixing magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
step two: sequentially smelting, covering, refining and pouring the mixture to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation and heat treatment on the cast ingot;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing on the cast ingot to obtain a forging piece;
step five: carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which rapidly reacts with clear water;
wherein, according to the weight portion, the dosage of the magnesium is 73 to 93 portions, the dosage of the aluminum is 0.8 to 9 portions, the dosage of the zinc is 0.6 to 5.0 portions, the dosage of the nickel is 0.1 to 1 portion, the dosage of the magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy is 2.5 to 6.0 portions, the dosage of the magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy is 1.5 to 2.5 portions, the dosage of the aluminum silicon intermediate alloy is 0.01 to 0.5 portion, the dosage of the magnesium copper intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.8 portion, the dosage of the magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the aluminum iron intermediate alloy is 0.01 to 0.2 portion, the dosage of the gallium is 0.01 to 0.2 portion, the dosage of the indium is 0.2 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the zirconium intermediate alloy is 0.2 to 0.4 portion, and the dosage of the magnesium cerium is 0.5 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the magnesium-manganese master alloy is 0.01-0.2 part.
Through the technical scheme, the magnesium alloy is improved on the basis of the existing magnesium alloy, so that the magnesium alloy contains gadolinium, yttrium, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, rhenium, silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium, indium, beryllium, calcium and magnesium; wherein, the phase formed by copper, nickel, gallium, indium, silicon and magnesium can destroy the continuity of magnesium hydroxide in the reaction process of magnesium and clear water, thereby achieving the effect of promoting the reaction of magnesium and water; copper, nickel, gallium and indium can improve the solubility of other various metal elements; the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy can be improved by the aid of aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, zirconium, rhenium, iron, beryllium and calcium, and the magnesium alloy plays a role in catalysis; the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength and the like of the magnesium alloy can be improved by adding gadolinium and yttrium into the magnesium alloy; under the combined action of the elements, the magnesium alloy not only has excellent reaction rate with water, but also has excellent elongation.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the high-elongation magnesium alloy which reacts with clear water rapidly.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The invention provides a high-elongation magnesium alloy which can quickly react with clear water, and the high-elongation magnesium alloy contains gadolinium, yttrium, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, silicon, copper, iron, nickel, gallium, indium, beryllium, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, calcium and magnesium;
the alloy comprises, by weight, 1.0-11.0 parts of gadolinium, 1.0-6.0 parts of yttrium, 0.6-1.5 parts of aluminum, 0.5-6.5 parts of zinc, 0.1-0.5 part of zirconium, 0.05-6.0 parts of total content of silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium and indium, 0.1-0.5 part of total content of beryllium and calcium, and 66-97 parts of magnesium.
In the high elongation magnesium alloy, the content of each element is not particularly required, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy with water and to increase the elongation of the magnesium alloy, the content of gadolinium is 2.5 to 6.0 parts, the content of yttrium is 1.5 to 2.5 parts, the content of aluminum is 0.8 to 9.0 parts, the content of zinc is 0.6 to 5.0 parts, the content of zirconium is 0.2 to 0.4 parts, the total content of silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium and indium is 0.1 to 3.0 parts, the total content of beryllium and calcium is 0.2 to 0.4 parts, and the content of magnesium is 73 to 93 parts by mass fraction.
Wherein the content of silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium and indium In the magnesium alloy is relatively low, but In order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy with water and to increase the elongation of the magnesium alloy, the high elongation magnesium alloy contains, In mass fraction, 2.5 to 6.0% of Gd, 1.5 to 2.0% of Y, 0.8 to 1.5% of Al, 0.6 to 5.0% of Zn, 0.2 to 0.4% of Zr, 0.1 to 0.3% of Si, 0.2 to 0.5% of Cu, 0.01 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.2 to 0.5% of Ni, 0.1 to 0.2% of La, 0.1 to 0.2% of Ce, 0.01 to 0.2% of Mn, 0.2 to 0.3% of In, 0.01 to 0.2% of Ca, 0.1 to 0.3% of Be, and 0.1 to 0.3% of Ga, and the balance being magnesium.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can react with clear water rapidly, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy, and mixing magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
step two: sequentially smelting, covering, refining and pouring the mixture to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation and heat treatment on the cast ingot;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing on the cast ingot to obtain a forging piece;
step five: carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which rapidly reacts with clear water;
wherein, according to the weight portion, the dosage of the magnesium is 73 to 93 portions, the dosage of the aluminum is 0.8 to 9 portions, the dosage of the zinc is 0.6 to 5.0 portions, the dosage of the nickel is 0.1 to 1 portion, the dosage of the magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy is 3.0 to 6.0 portions, the dosage of the magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy is 1.5 to 2.5 portions, the dosage of the aluminum silicon intermediate alloy is 0.01 to 0.5 portion, the dosage of the magnesium copper intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.8 portion, the dosage of the magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the aluminum iron intermediate alloy is 0.01 to 0.2 portion, the dosage of the gallium is 0.01 to 0.2 portion, the dosage of the indium is 0.2 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the zirconium intermediate alloy is 0.2 to 0.4 portion, and the dosage of the magnesium cerium is 0.5 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the magnesium-manganese master alloy is 0.01-0.2 part.
In the above preparation method, the amount of each raw material is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate and elongation of the magnesium alloy obtained, it is preferable that the amount of magnesium is 82.3 to 92.3 parts, the amount of aluminum is 1.0 to 2.0 parts, the amount of zinc is 1.0 to 4.5 parts, the amount of nickel is 0.2 to 1.0 part, the amount of magnesium gadolinium master alloy is 2.5 to 6.0 parts, the amount of magnesium yttrium master alloy is 1.5 to 2.5 parts, the amount of aluminum silicon master alloy is 0.1 to 0.5 parts, the amount of magnesium copper master alloy is 0.2 to 0.8 parts, the amount of magnesium beryllium master alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 parts, the amount of magnesium calcium master alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 parts, the amount of aluminum iron master alloy is 0.1 to 0.2 parts, and the amount of gallium is 0.1 to 2 parts, the using amount of the indium is 0.2-0.3 part, the using amount of the magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy is 0.2-0.4 part, the using amount of the magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy is 0.3-0.4 part, and the using amount of the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy is 0.1-0.2 part.
In the present invention, a magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, a magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, an aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, an aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, a magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, a magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy, and a magnesium manganese intermediate alloy are used as raw materials, in view of the fact that metals such as gadolinium, yttrium, zirconium, silicon, manganese, lanthanum, cerium, and iron are used as raw materials, and thus it is difficult to obtain a magnesium alloy.
In the above preparation method, the kind of the magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the prepared magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, the magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy is preferably selected from magnesium gadolinium 30.
In the above-mentioned preparation method, the kind of the magnesium yttrium master alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the prepared magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, preferably, the magnesium yttrium master alloy is selected from magnesium yttrium 30.
In the above-described production method, the kind of the aluminum-silicon master alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the produced magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, the aluminum-silicon master alloy is preferably selected from aluminum-silicon 11.
In the above-mentioned preparation method, the kind of the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy to be prepared with water and the elongation, preferably, the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy is selected from aluminum-iron 20.
In the above-mentioned preparation method, the kind of the magnesium-zirconium master alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the prepared magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, the magnesium-zirconium master alloy is preferably selected from magnesium-zirconium 30.
In the above preparation method, the kind of the magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the prepared magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, preferably, the magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy is selected from the group consisting of magnesium lanthanum cerium 20.
In the above-mentioned preparation method, the kind of the magnesium-manganese master alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the prepared magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, the magnesium-manganese master alloy is preferably selected from magnesium-manganese 20.
Similarly, the kind of the magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, the magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy and the magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the produced magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, the magnesium-copper intermediate alloy is preferably selected from magnesium-copper 30, the magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium-beryllium 20 and the magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium-calcium 25.
In the present invention, the condition of the preheating is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, preferably, in the step one, the preheating at least satisfies the following condition: the preheating temperature is 100-300 ℃, and the preheating time is 5-12 h.
In the present invention, the conditions for the melting are not particularly limited, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy produced with water and the elongation, it is preferable that in the second step, the melting at least satisfies the following conditions: the smelting temperature is 750-780 ℃, and the smelting time is 18-20 h; more preferably, the smelting satisfies at least the following conditions: the smelting temperature is 750 ℃, and the smelting time is 18 h.
In the present invention, the casting conditions are not particularly limited, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, it is preferable that in the second step, the casting satisfies at least the following conditions: the pouring temperature is 670-.
In the present invention, the conditions of the heat-holding heat treatment are not particularly limited, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy produced with water and the elongation, it is preferable that in step three, the heat-holding heat treatment satisfies at least the following conditions: the temperature is 370 ℃ and 540 ℃, and the time is 8-48 h.
In the present invention, the conditions of the hot deformation are not particularly limited, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, it is preferable that in the fourth step, the hot deformation satisfies at least the following conditions: the temperature was 330 ℃ and 450 ℃.
In the present invention, the conditions of the heat-retaining treatment are not particularly limited, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy produced with water and the elongation, preferably, in step five, the heat-retaining treatment at least satisfies the following conditions: the temperature is 25-250 ℃ and the time is 20-300 h.
In the present invention, the components of the covering agent used in the covering agent are not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy produced with water and the elongation, it is preferable that the covering agent used in the covering contains 35 to 41 wt% of MgCl225-29 wt% of KCl, 24-28 wt% of NaCl and 6-10 wt% of CaCl2Insoluble matter is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and water content is less than or equal to 2 wt%.
In the present invention, the amount of the covering agent used in the covering agent is not particularly limited, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy produced with water and the elongation, it is preferable that the covering agent is used in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight, such as 10% by weight, based on the weight of the mixture.
In the present invention, the composition of the refining agent used in the refining is not particularly limited, but in order to further improve the reaction rate of the produced magnesium alloy with water and the elongation, it is preferable that the refining agent used in the refining is selected from at least one of refining agent 1 or refining agent 2; wherein the refining agent 1 contains 24 to 30 wt% of MgCl220-26 wt% KCl, 28-31 wt% BaCl213-15% by weight of CaF21-7 wt% NaCl, 1-7 wt% CaCl2Insoluble matter is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and water content is less than or equal to 2 wt%; the refining agent 2 contains 54-56 wt% of KCl and 14-16 wt% of BaCl23-5% by weight of CaF227-29% by weight of CaCl2Insoluble matter not more than 1.5 wt%, MgO not more than 1.5 wt%, and water not more than 1.5 wt%And (3) weight percent.
In the present invention, the composition of the refining agent used in the refining is not particularly limited, but in order to further increase the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy produced with water and the elongation, it is preferable that the refining agent is used in an amount of 4 to 6% by weight, such as 5% by weight, based on the weight of the mixture.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. In the following examples, the covering agent is a commercially available covering agent for magnesium alloy sold by chemical industries of Naxi county, Daghe, Ltd., and contains MgCl in an amount of 35 to 41 wt%225-29 wt% of KCl, 24-28 wt% of NaCl and 6-10 wt% of CaCl2Insoluble matter is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and water content is less than or equal to 2 wt%;
refining agent 1 is a product sold by Woods chemical industries, Inc. of Wenxi county, and refining agent 1 contains 24-30 wt% of MgCl220-26 wt% KCl, 28-31 wt% BaCl213-15% by weight of CaF21-7 wt% NaCl, 1-7 wt% CaCl2Insoluble matter is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and water content is less than or equal to 2 wt%;
refining agent 2 is commercially available from Woodford chemical industries, Inc. of Wenxi county, and refining agent 2 contains 54-56 wt% KCl and 14-16 wt% BaCl23-5% by weight of CaF227-29% by weight of CaCl2Insoluble matter is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and water content is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%;
magnesium is a commercial product of Shanxi magnesium Dada Merchant and trade company; gallium is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd; indium is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd; aluminum is a product sold by southwest aluminum industry group company; zinc is a product sold in the southwest aluminum industry group company; nickel is a commercial product of 30 grades of magnesium and nickel of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd;
the magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy is a commercial product of 30 grades of magnesium gadolinium of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd; the magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd. magnesium gadolinium 20; the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy is a commercial product of aluminum-silicon 11 brand of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Limited company; the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy is a commercial product of aluminum-iron 20 grade of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd; the magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy is a commercial product of 30 grades of magnesium-zirconium of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd; the magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd, magnesium lanthanum cerium 20; the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co., Ltd, magnesium-manganese 20. The magnesium-copper intermediate alloy is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co.Ltd, the magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co.Ltd, and the magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy is a commercial product of Ganzhou Feiteng light alloy Co.Ltd.
The content of each element in the magnesium alloy is measured by a plasma emission spectrometer;
the tensile strength Rm, the yield strength Rp0.2 and the elongation were measured by the method described in GB/T228.1-2010.
The covering agent was used in an amount of 10 wt% and the refining agent was used in an amount of 5 wt% based on the weight of the mixture.
Example 1
The rapidly-dissolving magnesium alloy with high elongation rate described in this embodiment is composed of the following elements by mass percent: gd 6.0%, Y2.0%, Al 1.0%, Zn 3.0%, Si 0.3%, Cu 0.5%, be0.3%, Ni 0.2%, Ca 0.3%, fe0.2%, ga0.2%, In 0.3%, zr0.4%, la0.1%, ce0.2%, mn 0.2%, and the balance Mg (84.8%). The alloy is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy at 100 ℃ for 5 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-aluminum-magnesium alloy material comprises, by weight, 82.3 parts of magnesium, 1.2 parts of aluminum, 3.4 parts of zinc, 1 part of nickel, 6 parts of a magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 2.5 parts of a magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy, 0.5 part of an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, 0.8 part of a magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, 0.3 part of a magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy, 0.3 part of a magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, 0.2 part of an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, 0.2 part of gallium, 0.3 part of indium, 0.4 part of a magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy, 0.4 part of a magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy and 0.2 part of a magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 18h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the cast ingot at 520 ℃ for 48 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 430 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 250 ℃ for 300h to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can rapidly react with clear water.
Example 2
The rapidly-dissolving magnesium alloy with high elongation rate described in this embodiment is composed of the following elements by mass percent: gd 5.0%, Y2.0%, Al 1.0%, Zn 5.0%, Zr 0.3%, Si 0.2%, Cu 0.5%, be0.2%, Ni 0.5%, Ca 0.3%, fe0.1%, ga0.2%, In 0.2%, la0.1%, ce0.2%, mn 0.2%, and the balance Mg (84.0%). The alloy is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy at 300 ℃ for 10 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-aluminum-magnesium alloy material comprises, by weight, 84.1 parts of magnesium, 1.0 part of aluminum, 4.5 parts of zinc, 0.5 part of nickel, 5.5 parts of magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 2.0 parts of magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy, 0.2 part of aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, 0.6 part of magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, 0.2 part of magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy, 0.2 part of magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of gallium, 0.2 part of indium, 0.2 part of magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy, 0.4 part of magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy and 0.2 part of magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 16h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the cast ingot at 520 ℃ for 48 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 430 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 250 ℃ for 300h to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can rapidly react with clear water.
Example 3
The rapidly-dissolving magnesium alloy with high elongation rate described in this embodiment is composed of the following elements by mass percent: gd 4.5%, Y1.5%, Al 1.5%, Zn 0.6%, Zr 0.2%, Si 0.1%, Cu 0.4%, be0.1%, Ni 0.4%, Ca 0.2%, fe0.1%, ga0.1%, In 0.2%, la0.1%, ce0.2%, mn 0.2%, and the balance Mg (89.6%). The alloy is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy at 200 ℃ for 6 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-aluminum-magnesium alloy material comprises, by weight, 87.95 parts of magnesium, 2 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of zinc, 0.2 part of nickel, 3.5 parts of a magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 1.5 parts of a magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, 0.4 part of a magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of gallium, 0.25 part of indium, 0.2 part of a magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy, 0.4 part of a magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy and 0.1 part of a magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 20h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 2h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 2h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 700 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the cast ingot at 500 ℃ for 20 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 400 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 100 ℃ for 100h to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can rapidly react with clear water.
Example 4
The rapidly-dissolving magnesium alloy with high elongation rate described in this embodiment is composed of the following elements by mass percent: gd 4.0%, Y1.8%, Al 0.8%, Zn 0.6%, Zr 0.2%, Si 0.2%, Cu 0.3%, be0.1%, Ni 0.3%, Ca 0.2%, fe0.1%, ga0.05%, In 0.2%, la0.2%, ce0.1%, mn 0.2%, and the balance Mg (90.65%). The alloy is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy at 150 ℃ for 7 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-aluminum-magnesium alloy material comprises, by weight, 87 parts and 5 parts of magnesium, 1 part of aluminum, 2 parts and 5 parts of zinc, 0.2 part of nickel, 4 parts of magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 2.5 parts of magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, 0.8 part of magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, 0.15 part of gallium, 0.25 part of indium, 0.2 part of magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy, 0.4 part of magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy and 0.1 part of magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 16h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 680 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the cast ingot at 450 ℃ for 15 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 380 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 150 ℃ for 64h to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can rapidly react with clear water.
Example 5
The rapidly-dissolving magnesium alloy with high elongation rate described in this embodiment is composed of the following elements by mass percent: gd 3.5%, Y1.5%, Al 1.5%, Zn 0.85%, Zr 0.4%, Si 0.2%, Cu 0.25%, be0.1%, Ni 0.3%, Ca 0.1%, fe0.05%, ga0.05%, In 0.2%, la0.2%, ce0.1%, mn 0.1%, and the balance Mg (90.6%). The alloy is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy at 210 ℃ for 8 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy material comprises, by weight, 89 parts of magnesium, 1 part of aluminum, 3 parts of zinc, 0.2 part of nickel, 3.5 parts of a magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 1.5 parts of a magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, 0.3 part of a magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, 0.15 part of gallium, 0.25 part of indium, 0.2 part of a magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy, 0.4 part of a magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy and 0.1 part of a magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 18h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 720 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the ingot at 510 ℃ for 23 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 410 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 170 ℃ for 180h to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can rapidly react with clear water.
Example 6
The rapidly-dissolving magnesium alloy with high elongation rate described in this embodiment is composed of the following elements by mass percent: gd 3.0%, Y1.5%, Al 1.0%, Zn 0.85%, Zr 0.2%, Si 0.2%, Cu 0.25%, be0.15%, Ni 0.3%, Ca 0.1%, fe0.01%, ga0.01%, In 0.2%, la0.2%, ce0.1%, mn 0.1%, and the balance Mg (91.83%). The alloy is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy at 230 ℃ for 8 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-aluminum-silicon-magnesium-aluminum-magnesium alloy material comprises, by weight, 90.55 parts of magnesium, 1 part of aluminum, 2 parts of zinc, 0.2 part of nickel, 3 parts of a magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 1.5 parts of a magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, 0.3 part of a magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, 0.15 part of gallium, 0.3 part of indium, 0.2 part of a magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy, 0.3 part of a magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy and 0.1 part of a magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 16h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 730 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the ingot at 420 ℃ for 33 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 400 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 220 ℃ for 300h to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can rapidly react with clear water.
Example 7
The rapidly-dissolving magnesium alloy with high elongation rate described in this embodiment is composed of the following elements by mass percent: gd2.5%, Y1.5%, al 0.8%, zn0.6%, zr0.3%, si 0.2%, cu 0.2%, fe0.01%, ni 0.25%, la0.2%, ce0.1%, mn 0.01%, in 0.2%, ca 0.1%, be 0.1%, ga 0.01%, and the balance Mg (92.92%). The alloy is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy at 290 ℃ for 9 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-aluminum-magnesium alloy material comprises, by weight, 92.3 parts of magnesium, 1 part of aluminum, 1 part of zinc, 0.2 part of nickel, 2.5 parts of a magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 1.5 parts of a magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, 0.2 part of a magnesium-copper intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of a magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, 0.1 part of gallium, 0.2 part of indium, 0.2 part of a magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy, 0.3 part of a magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy and 0.1 part of a magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 28h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 740 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the cast ingot at 520 ℃ for 40 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 430 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 240 ℃ for 100h to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which can rapidly react with clear water.
Comparative example 1
The magnesium alloy of the comparative example consists of the following elements in percentage by mass: gd 3.5%, Y1.0%, Al 1.0%, Zn 0.5%, Zr 0.4%, Si 0.01%, and the balance Mg (93.59%).
The method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy and aluminum silicon intermediate alloy at 200 ℃ for 8 hours, and mixing the magnesium, aluminum, zinc, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
the magnesium-zirconium alloy comprises, by weight, 89.9 parts of magnesium, 1.0 part of aluminum, 0.7 part of zinc, 5.0 parts of a magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy, 3.0 parts of a magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy and 0.3 part of a magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy; the dosage of the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy is 0.1 part.
Step two: smelting the mixture for 18h at 760 ℃ by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 700 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the cast ingot at 520 ℃ for 30 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 400 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and (3) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 150 ℃ for 100h to obtain the magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 2
The magnesium alloy of the comparative example consists of the following elements in percentage by mass: gd 4.5%, Y1.0%, Al 1.0%, Zn 0.5%, Zr 0.4%, Cu 6.5%, in 0.2%, ca 0.3%, and the balance Mg (85.6%).
The method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy and magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy at 100 ℃ for 5 hours, and obtaining a mixture by using magnesium, aluminum, zinc, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, gallium, indium and magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy;
the magnesium-zirconium alloy is characterized in that the magnesium-zirconium alloy is 82.2 parts by weight, the aluminum is 1 part by weight, the zinc is 1 part by weight, the magnesium-gadolinium intermediate alloy is 5 parts by weight, the magnesium-yttrium intermediate alloy is 1.5 parts by weight, the magnesium-copper intermediate alloy is 8 parts by weight, the magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy is 0.5 part by weight, the indium is 0.3 part by weight, and the magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy is 0.5 part by weight.
Step two: smelting the mixture at 780 ℃ for 18h by using a crucible resistance furnace, adding a covering agent for covering for 1h, adding a refining agent 1 for refining for 1h, uniformly mixing the components, removing impurities, and pouring at 750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) on the cast ingot at 520 ℃ for 48 h;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing (forging) on the cast ingot at 430 ℃ to obtain a forging piece;
step five: and carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece at 250 ℃ for 300h to obtain the magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 3 (changing homogenization Heat treatment conditions)
The procedure is as in example 5, with the only difference that the conditions of the soaking heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment) are: the temperature was 420 ℃ and the time was 64 h.
Comparative example 4 (without hot deformation processing)
The procedure is as in example 5, with the only difference that step four is omitted.
The ingredients and conditions of the steps of the above example are shown in Table 1, and the numerical values of the raw materials in example 1 represent the amounts of 10Kg in parts by weight; the product characterization results are shown in table 2, and each value in table 2 represents the mass fraction percentage.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Detection example 1
1) 184g of the above magnesium alloy was put into a sufficient amount of water, and the length of time for which the magnesium alloy disappeared was observed, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
2) The mechanical properties of the magnesium alloy were measured and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Compared with the prior art, the magnesium alloy provided by the invention not only improves the reaction rate of the magnesium alloy and water, but also improves the elongation of the alloy; as can be seen from comparative examples 3 to 4, the elongation of the alloy can be improved by the homogenization heat treatment and the hot deformation work.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (10)
1. A high-elongation magnesium alloy which can react with clear water quickly is characterized by comprising gadolinium, yttrium, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, silicon, copper, iron, nickel, gallium, indium, beryllium, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, calcium and magnesium;
the alloy comprises, by weight, 1.0-11.0 parts of gadolinium, 1.0-6.0 parts of yttrium, 0.6-1.5 parts of aluminum, 0.5-6.5 parts of zinc, 0.1-0.5 part of zirconium, 0.05-6.0 parts of total content of silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium and indium, 0.1-0.5 part of total content of beryllium and calcium, and 66-97 parts of magnesium.
2. The high-elongation magnesium alloy fast reacting with clear water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gadolinium is 2.0-6.0 parts by weight, the yttrium is 1.5-2.5 parts by weight, the aluminum is 0.8-9.0 parts by weight, the zinc is 0.6-5.0 parts by weight, the zirconium is 0.2-0.4 parts by weight, the total content of silicon, copper, iron, nickel, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, gallium and indium is 0.1-3.0 parts by weight, the total content of beryllium and calcium is 0.2-0.4 parts by weight, and the magnesium is 73-93 parts by weight.
3. The high-elongation magnesium alloy that rapidly reacts with fresh water according to claim 1 or 2, characterized In that the high-elongation magnesium alloy contains, In mass fraction, Gd 2.5-6.0%, Y1.5-2.0%, Al 0.8-1.5%, Zn 0.6-5.0%, Zr 0.2-0.4%, Si 0.1-0.3%, Cu 0.2-0.5%, Fe 0.01-0.2%, Ni 0.2-0.5%, La 0.1-0.2%, Ce 0.1-0.2%, Mn 0.01-0.2%, In 0.2-0.3%, ca 0.01-0.2%, Be 0.1-0.3%, and Ga 0.1-0.3%, and the balance being magnesium.
4. A method for preparing a high-elongation magnesium alloy that rapidly reacts with fresh water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy and aluminum iron intermediate alloy, and mixing magnesium, aluminum, zinc, nickel, magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy, magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum silicon intermediate alloy, magnesium copper intermediate alloy, magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy, aluminum iron intermediate alloy, gallium, indium, magnesium zirconium intermediate alloy, magnesium lanthanum cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy to obtain a mixture;
step two: sequentially smelting, covering, refining and pouring the mixture to obtain an ingot;
step three: carrying out heat preservation and heat treatment on the cast ingot;
step four: carrying out thermal deformation processing on the cast ingot to obtain a forging piece;
step five: carrying out heat preservation treatment on the forged piece to obtain the high-elongation magnesium alloy which rapidly reacts with clear water;
wherein, according to the weight portion, the dosage of the magnesium is 73 to 93 portions, the dosage of the aluminum is 0.8 to 9 portions, the dosage of the zinc is 0.6 to 5.0 portions, the dosage of the nickel is 0.1 to 1 portion, the dosage of the magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy is 2.5 to 6.0 portions, the dosage of the magnesium yttrium intermediate alloy is 1.5 to 2.5 portions, the dosage of the aluminum silicon intermediate alloy is 0.01 to 0.5 portion, the dosage of the magnesium copper intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.8 portion, the dosage of the magnesium beryllium intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is 0.1 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the aluminum iron intermediate alloy is 0.01 to 0.2 portion, the dosage of the gallium is 0.01 to 0.2 portion, the dosage of the indium is 0.2 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the zirconium intermediate alloy is 0.2 to 0.4 portion, and the dosage of the magnesium cerium is 0.5 to 0.3 portion, the dosage of the magnesium-manganese master alloy is 0.01-0.2 part.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the magnesium is used in an amount of 82.3 to 92.3 parts, the aluminum is used in an amount of 1.0 to 2.0 parts, the zinc is used in an amount of 1.0 to 4.5 parts, the nickel is used in an amount of 0.2 to 1.0 part, the magnesium gadolinium master alloy is used in an amount of 2.5 to 6.0 parts, the magnesium yttrium master alloy is used in an amount of 1.5 to 2.5 parts, the aluminum silicon master alloy is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 part, the magnesium copper master alloy is used in an amount of 0.2 to 0.8 part, the magnesium beryllium master alloy is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 part, the magnesium calcium master alloy is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 part, the aluminum iron master alloy is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 part, the gallium is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 part, the indium is used in an amount of 0.2 to 0.3 part, and the magnesium zirconium is used in an amount of 0.2 to 0.2 part, the dosage of the magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy is 0.3-0.4 part, and the dosage of the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy is 0.1-0.2 part.
6. The method of claim 4 or 5, wherein the magnesium gadolinium intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium gadolinium 30; the magnesium yttrium master alloy is selected from magnesium yttrium 30; the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy is selected from aluminum-silicon 11; the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy is selected from aluminum-iron 20; the magnesium-zirconium master alloy is selected from magnesium-zirconium 30; the magnesium-lanthanum-cerium intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium-lanthanum-cerium 20; the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium-manganese 10; the magnesium-copper intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium-copper 30, the magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium-beryllium 20, and the magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy is selected from magnesium-calcium 25.
7. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein in step one, the preheating at least satisfies the following condition: the preheating temperature is 100-300 ℃, and the preheating time is 5-12 h;
in the second step, the smelting at least meets the following conditions: the smelting temperature is 750-780 ℃, and the smelting time is 18-20 h;
in step two, the pouring at least meets the following conditions: the pouring temperature is 670 and 750 ℃;
in step three, the heat-preservation heat treatment at least meets the following conditions: the temperature is 370-540 ℃, and the time is 8-48 h;
in the fourth step, the hot deformation process satisfies at least the following conditions: the temperature is 330-450 ℃;
in the fifth step, the heat preservation treatment at least meets the following conditions: the temperature is 25-250 ℃ and the time is 20-300 h.
8. Preparation process according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the covering agent used in the covering contains 35-41% by weight of MgCl225-29 wt% of KCl, 24-28 wt% of NaCl and 6-10 wt% of CaCl2Insoluble matter is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and water content is less than or equal to 2 wt%;
the covering agent is used in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight, based on the weight of the mixture.
9. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the refining agent used in the refining is at least one selected from refining agent 1 and refining agent 2;
wherein the refining agent 1 contains 24 to 30 wt% of MgCl220-26 wt% KCl, 28-31 wt% BaCl213-15% by weight of CaF21-7 wt% NaCl, 1-7 wt% CaCl2Insoluble matter is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and water content is less than or equal to 2 wt%;
the refining agent 2 contains 54-56 wt% of KCl and 14-16 wt% of BaCl23-5% by weight of CaF227-29% by weight of CaCl2Insoluble matter less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, MgO less than or equal to 1.5 wt% and water less than or equal to 1.5 wt%.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the refining agent is used in an amount of 4 to 6 wt% based on the weight of the mixture.
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