CN113862113A - Photobioreactor for microalgae culture and application - Google Patents
Photobioreactor for microalgae culture and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a photobioreactor for microalgae culture and application thereof, wherein the photobioreactor comprises a reactor main body, the reactor main body is integrally closed, a cylindrical light source is arranged in the center of the reactor main body, a plurality of space units are sequentially arranged in the reactor main body around the cylindrical light source, one space unit is communicated with a culture solution inlet, and the other space unit is communicated with a microalgae discharge port; the cylindrical light source forms vertical irradiation on the microalgae in the space unit; and a partition board is arranged between every two adjacent space units, the upper part of one partition board in every two adjacent partition boards overflows, and the lower part of the other partition board overflows. The invention solves the problems of uneven illumination distribution, adherence of microalgae and the like, has the advantages of simple structure, low preparation cost and the like while improving the yield of the microalgae, and can realize closed culture of the microalgae by the cylindrical photobioreactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microalgae culture, and particularly relates to a photobioreactor for microalgae culture and application thereof.
Background
The microalgae cells can effectively utilize light energy through photosynthesis to convert substances such as carbon dioxide, water and inorganic salts into organic matters, and the process can effectively reduce the greenhouse effect. In addition, the microalgae cells are rich in various high-value-added biological substances such as proteins, amino acids, vitamins and polysaccharides, can be used for producing biodiesel, and are also an important biological resource in the fields of food, medicine, chemical industry and the like.
Current photobioreactor generally includes a reactor body, a light source, and CO2An aeration device for providing carbon source and simultaneously stirring the algae liquid to ensure that the microalgae cells, the culture solution and the CO are mixed2The gases are mixed in the reactor, and the growth of the microalgae is realized under the illumination condition.
However, in the prior art, the phenomena of uneven distribution of illumination in the reactor, adherence of microalgae and the like exist, which finally cause the reduction of the yield of microalgae organisms, and the problem of uneven distribution of illumination is particularly prominent when the microalgae is cultured on a large scale. With the increase of the volume of the reactor and the increase of the concentration of the microalgae, the transmission of light in the reactor is gradually attenuated, so that the photosynthetic efficiency of the microalgae is obviously reduced. In order to improve the photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae in a photobioreactor, some researchers have improved a cylindrical photobioreactor, in which an artificial light source is installed inside the reactor, and a stirring device is added to control the mixing degree of the algae liquid, so as to increase the biological yield of microalgae cells. However, these improvements do not solve the problems of light distribution and microalgae adherence well, and also make the device complicated and difficult to clean. For example, patent publication No. CN109879443A discloses a sewage purification system and method for facultative microalgae photobioreactor, which uses a LED soft light strip placed in a light-transmitting tube as a light source, and has a higher utilization rate of light compared to the conventional device in which a light source is placed outside the reactor main body. But the disadvantage is also very outstanding, that is, a great number of light-transmitting tubes occupy a considerable part of the volume of the reactor main body, which is not beneficial to the large-scale culture of microalgae; in addition, the number of the soft lamp strips of the device is large, and although the transmission of illumination is enhanced, the light intensity cannot be uniformly distributed; and a large number of light-transmitting tubes are arranged in the wall, so that the area of the inner wall is greatly increased, the wall adhesion phenomenon is easier to occur, and the transmission of illumination is hindered. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN111676126A discloses an airlift photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation, which is provided with two guide cylinders inside, and light sources are placed inside the guide cylinders, the method can improve the distribution of light intensity, but the light in the area where the two light sources intersect is too strong, which can inhibit the growth of microalgae in the area; and the device is comparatively complicated, is unfavorable for the later stage to dismantle the washing.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation, which is suitable for the shortcomings of the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a photobioreactor for microalgae culture, characterized in that: the photobioreactor for microalgae culture comprises a reactor main body, wherein the reactor main body is integrally closed, a cylindrical light source is arranged in the center of the reactor main body, a plurality of space units are sequentially arranged in the reactor main body around the cylindrical light source, one space unit is communicated with a culture solution inlet, and the other space unit is communicated with a microalgae discharge port; the cylindrical light source forms vertical irradiation on the microalgae in the space unit; a partition board is arranged between the adjacent space units, the upper part of one partition board in the two adjacent partition boards is overflowed, the lower part of the other partition board is overflowed, and the space unit provided with a culture solution inlet is adjacent to the space unit provided with a microalgae discharge port and is completely isolated by the partition boards; the bottom of each space unit is provided with an aerator;
the space unit provided with the microalgae discharge port is internally provided with a hollow fiber membrane component which is communicated with the pump through a pipeline.
While adopting the technical scheme, the invention can also adopt or combine the following technical scheme:
as a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the whole reactor main body is made of transparent materials.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the aerator is a spiral aerator.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the upper part of the space unit provided with the microalgae discharge port is provided with an air outlet.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the upper part of the space unit provided with the microalgae discharge port is provided with a sampling tube.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the pump is a constant flow pump.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the culture solution inlet is arranged at the upper part of the reactor main body, and correspondingly, the upper part of the partition plate at the downstream of the culture solution inlet overflows.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the aerator is connected with a gas mass flow meter.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the microalgae discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the reactor main body, and correspondingly, the upper part of the partition plate at the upstream of the microalgae discharge port overflows.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the hollow fiber membrane component is a microfiltration membrane component, a polypropylene membrane is arranged in the microfiltration membrane component, and the aperture of the polypropylene membrane is 0.05-0.2 mu m
The present invention also aims at providing the application of the photobioreactor for microalgae culture in microalgae culture, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the application of the photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as described in the foregoing in microalgae cultivation is characterized in that: the microalgae culture solution enters the space unit through a culture solution inlet on the reactor main body, passes through the space unit at the downstream of the culture solution inlet one by one under the combined action of baffle diversion and aerator aeration, and microalgae cells are always kept in a suspension growth state in the reactor main body and form an upper and lower baffling form through two adjacent baffles;
the cylindrical light source vertically irradiates the microalgae in each space unit;
filtering the culture solution by a hollow fiber membrane component and then pumping out the culture solution by a pump;
high-concentration algae liquid is discharged periodically through a microalgae discharge port, and microalgae cells are collected.
The invention provides a photobioreactor for microalgae culture and application thereof, and has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the light source of the device is positioned at the center of the circle of the reactor, so that the illumination intensity is sequentially weakened from inside to outside, the illumination intensity is consistent when the distance from the center of the circle is equal, and if the whole body of the reactor is made of transparent materials, the natural light can make up the influence caused by insufficient illumination on the outside.
Secondly, under the combined action of the diversion of the baffle and the aeration of the aerator, the algae liquid can be fully mixed in the system, and the algae liquid can be more fully contacted with carbon dioxide only by arranging the air outlet in the last space unit, so that the loss of the carbon dioxide can be reduced, and the phenomena of adherence and precipitation of microalgae can be reduced; the algae liquid is fully mixed, so that the microalgae cells are alternately positioned in a light and dark area when the positions of the microalgae cells in the reactor are continuously changed, the adverse effect caused by uneven illumination distribution can be further weakened, and the growth of the microalgae cells is facilitated.
Thirdly, the reactor is internally provided with a hollow fiber membrane component, particularly a microfiltration membrane component, so that the microalgae can be completely intercepted, the loss of the microalgae can be reduced, and the concentration culture of the microalgae can be realized; the combined action of the aeration of the aerator and the flow guide of the baffle can strengthen the scouring action on the membrane component, slow down the pollution of pollutants in water to the membrane component and prolong the service life of the membrane component.
And fourthly, the cylindrical light source can adopt an LED light source, and a control device can be arranged to adjust the power of the cylindrical light source so as to meet the requirement of the microalgae on light intensity under different growth conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic representation of a photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a photobioreactor for microalgae culture provided in the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a reactor body; 2-a separator; 3-a cylindrical light source; 4-a spiral aerator; 5-a hollow fiber membrane module; 6-sampling tube; 7-a constant flow pump; 8-air outlet; 9-microalgae discharge port; 10-an inlet for culture solution; 11-a first space unit; 12-a second space unit; 13-a third space unit; 14-fourth space element.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
A photobioreactor for microalgae culture comprises a reactor main body 1, wherein the reactor main body 1 is made of transparent materials, a culture solution inlet 10, an air outlet 8 and a sampling pipe 6 are arranged at the top of the reactor main body, and a microalgae discharge port 9 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body.
The four partition boards 2 divide the space in the hollow cylinder into four space units, namely a first space unit 11, a second space unit 12, a third space unit 13 and a fourth space unit 14, wherein the root of the first partition board is positioned on the lower partition board (namely, the upper part of the first partition board overflows), the root of the second partition board is positioned on the upper partition board (namely, the lower part of the second partition board overflows), the root of the third partition board is positioned on the lower partition board (namely, the upper part of the third partition board overflows), and the fourth partition board divides the space between the first space unit 11 and the fourth space unit 14 completely. Specifically, the partition plates are four vertical partition plates which are arranged in the hollow cylinder at equal intervals, the partition plates divide the space in the hollow cylinder into four space units uniformly, the root parts of the partition plates of the first space unit 11 and the second space unit 12 are connected with the bottom plate of the reactor, and a gap is reserved between the upper end of the partition plates and the top plate of the reactor; the root of the second partition plate is connected with the top plate of the reactor, and a gap is reserved between the lower end of the partition plate and the bottom plate of the reactor; the third partition is arranged in the same manner as the first partition, and the fourth partition completely divides the first space unit 11 and the fourth space unit 14. Of course in other embodiments the baffles may each be fixed to the inner side wall of the vessel.
The cylindrical light source 3 is an LED light source and is arranged at the center of the hollow cylinder, so that the illumination distribution in the reactor is more uniform; of course, in other embodiments, the cylindrical light source 3 may be sealed as a whole and placed directly at the center of the reactor, and all fall within the scope of the present invention.
The bottom of each space unit is provided with a spiral aerator 4, the spiral aerator 4 is externally connected with a gas mass flow meter, the gas flow entering the reactor can be controlled, and the gas flow is determined according to the components of the culture solution. The microalgae culture solution enters the first space unit 11 of the reactor main body through the culture solution inlet 10, passes through the second space unit 12, the third space unit 13 and the fourth space unit 14 successively under the combined action of the diversion of the partition plate 2 and the aeration of the spiral aerator 4, so that the microalgae cells keep a suspension growth state in the reactor and constantly change positions, the growth of the microalgae cells is facilitated, the adherent pollution of the microalgae in the culture process can be effectively prevented, and the cleaning pressure is reduced.
The aeration device comprises a spiral aerator arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body and an air compressor arranged outside the bioreactor; the spiral aerator is connected with the air compressor through a silicone tube; the micro-bubbles generated by the spiral aerator play a role in stirring the mixed liquid, keep the suspension of the microalgae cells and provide a required carbon source for the growth of the microalgae cells. The generated gas is discharged from a gas outlet arranged on the side surface of the top of the reactor main body shell. In-situ solid-liquid separation is realized in the reactor through the hollow fiber membrane module 5 installed in the fourth space unit 114, and the filtered water is discharged by the constant flow pump 7.
The hollow fiber membrane component 5 is a microfiltration membrane made of polypropylene, the aperture is 0.05-0.2 μm, the hollow fiber membrane component is placed in the fourth space unit 14, and the hollow fiber membrane component is externally connected with a constant flow pump 7. By the filtering action of the hollow fiber membrane component 5, microalgae cells can be completely retained in the reactor, so that the concentration of microalgae in the reactor is continuously increased. The growth condition of the microalgae cells in the reactor is observed through the sampling tube 6, and then high-concentration microalgae liquid is discharged periodically through a microalgae discharge port 9, so that the microalgae cells are collected.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photobioreactor for microalgae culture, characterized in that: the photobioreactor for microalgae culture comprises a reactor main body, wherein the reactor main body is integrally closed, a cylindrical light source is arranged in the center of the reactor main body, a plurality of space units are sequentially arranged in the reactor main body around the cylindrical light source, one space unit is communicated with a culture solution inlet, and the other space unit is communicated with a microalgae discharge port; the cylindrical light source forms vertical irradiation on the microalgae in the space unit; a partition board is arranged between the adjacent space units, the upper part of one partition board in the two adjacent partition boards is overflowed, the lower part of the other partition board is overflowed, and the space unit provided with a culture solution inlet is adjacent to the space unit provided with a microalgae discharge port and is completely isolated by the partition boards; the bottom of each space unit is provided with an aerator;
the space unit provided with the microalgae discharge port is internally provided with a hollow fiber membrane component which is communicated with the pump through a pipeline.
2. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the whole reactor main body is made of transparent materials.
3. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aerator is a spiral aerator.
4. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the space unit provided with the microalgae discharge port is provided with an air outlet.
5. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the space unit provided with the microalgae discharge port is provided with a sampling tube.
6. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pump is a constant flow pump.
7. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the culture solution inlet is arranged at the upper part of the reactor main body, and correspondingly, the upper part of the partition plate at the downstream of the culture solution inlet overflows.
8. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aerator is connected with a gas mass flow meter.
9. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microalgae discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the reactor main body, and correspondingly, the upper part of the partition plate at the upstream of the microalgae discharge port overflows.
10. Use of a photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the microalgae culture solution enters the space unit through a culture solution inlet on the reactor main body, passes through the space unit at the downstream of the culture solution inlet one by one under the combined action of baffle diversion and aerator aeration, and microalgae cells are always kept in a suspension growth state in the reactor main body and form an upper and lower baffling form through two adjacent baffles;
the cylindrical light source vertically irradiates the microalgae in each space unit;
filtering the culture solution by a hollow fiber membrane component and then pumping out the culture solution by a pump;
high-concentration algae liquid is discharged periodically through a microalgae discharge port, and microalgae cells are collected.
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