CN113860930A - Efficient degradation method for greening waste composting - Google Patents
Efficient degradation method for greening waste composting Download PDFInfo
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- CN113860930A CN113860930A CN202111212483.8A CN202111212483A CN113860930A CN 113860930 A CN113860930 A CN 113860930A CN 202111212483 A CN202111212483 A CN 202111212483A CN 113860930 A CN113860930 A CN 113860930A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a degradation method for efficient greening waste composting, which comprises the following steps: s1, collecting landscaping wastes such as stems and branches; s2, preparing the dried branches and stems into a material to be composted; s3, sampling and weighing the material to be composted, and calculating the C/N value of the ratio of the total carbon content to the total nitrogen content of the material to be composted; s4, putting the material to be composted into a composting reaction container, adjusting the C/N value, and stacking and compacting; s5, after pile building, gradually raising the pile temperature under the action of microorganisms, maintaining for 24 hours after the temperature rises to above 65 ℃, then turning the pile for the first time, adding lignin-degrading bacteria, then re-building the pile, and then repeatedly turning the pile for multiple times to add the lignin-degrading bacteria; s6, the material is soft and fragile when being twisted by holding fingers with hands, the color is dark brown, and the composting is finished when the material has a humus smell. Compared with the prior art, the invention shortens the composting and decomposing time of landscaping wastes, reduces the release amount of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas, and prevents secondary pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste composting treatment, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency degradation method for greening waste composting.
Background
With the development of urban landscaping, the urban garden greenbelts are rapidly increased, and the garden waste amount is gradually increased along with the rapid increase of the urban garden greenbelts. The garden waste is mainly organic components such as fallen leaves and branches, is large in size, difficult to store and transport, difficult to dispose, and causes pollution to the environment due to improper treatment, and if the garden waste is subjected to local incineration treatment, the surrounding environment can be polluted. At present, most cities mainly adopt a landfill mode to treat garbage, the increase of garden waste amount leads to the increase of the total amount of the garbage, garden greening waste in many cities is not dispersed and concentrated, the energy consumption for treating widely dispersed garden waste is high, and the burden of urban garbage treatment is greatly increased.
In order to realize the harmless treatment of the garden waste, the garden waste is generally subjected to composting treatment. The conventional landscaping waste composting treatment has the problems of slow temperature rise, long composting period, easy generation of odor pollution in the composting process and the like, and secondary pollution is easy to occur in the treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the provided efficient degradation method for the composting of the landscaping wastes can quickly improve the composting temperature, shorten the composting and decomposing time of the landscaping wastes, effectively reduce the release amount of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas, and prevent secondary pollution in the composting process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a degradation method for efficient greening waste composting comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting landscaping wastes such as stems and branches, and placing and airing the landscaping wastes in a ventilated place;
s2, crushing the dried branches and stems into particles, and fully mixing to form a material to be composted;
s3, sampling and weighing the material to be composted, drying the material to constant weight at the temperature of 65 ℃, detecting the water content, analyzing the organic C and total N content, and calculating the C/N value of the ratio of the total carbon content to the total nitrogen content of the material to be composted;
s4, putting the material to be composted into a composting reaction container, adding an aqueous solution dissolved with urea, adjusting the C/N value of the material to be composted to reach a set value, and piling and compacting;
s5, after pile building, gradually raising the pile temperature under the action of microorganisms, maintaining for 24 hours after the temperature rises to above 65 ℃, then turning the pile for the first time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then re-building the pile; after the temperature rises to 65 ℃ again, turning the pile for the second time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then rebuilding the pile; after the temperature rises to 65 ℃ again, turning the pile for the third time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then rebuilding the pile;
and S6, observing the temperature of the piled rotten materials every day, turning the piles every 3 days until the temperature of the piled rotten materials is stable, holding the materials by a hand, twisting the materials by fingers, wherein the materials are soft and fragile, are dark brown in color, and are rotten when the rotten materials have the smell of humus.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S4, the set value of the C/N value of the material to be composted is 30.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S4, the C/N value of the material to be composted is calculated to be 30: and (2) preparing water according to the amount of the urea in 1 hour, wherein the amount of the urea is 180 percent of the weight of the material to be composted, adding the calculated amount of the urea into the water, and fully stirring until the urea is completely dissolved to form an aqueous solution in which the urea is dissolved.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S6, the composting materials in the reactor are ventilated for 5-15 minutes per hour, and a microbial deodorant is added.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S6, the reactor vessel is vented for 10 minutes per hour.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
an interlayer is arranged in the corrosion reactor, and a heat insulation material is filled in the interlayer.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, when the landscaping waste is piled, the lignin degrading bacteria are added, so that the degradation rate of the landscaping waste is improved, and the lignin degrading bacteria are added for multiple times in the processes of piling and turning for multiple times, so that the degradation capability of lignin in a culture medium is effectively enhanced, the degradation rate of the landscaping waste is further improved, compared with the existing piling and rotting mode, the lignin of the piled rotting matter is reduced by 22% and the hemicellulose is reduced by 26% after the piling and rotting are completed.
2. In the invention, in order to prevent secondary pollution caused by garden greening waste composting, the composting material in the composting reaction container is ventilated for 10 minutes every hour, and a microbial deodorant is added during ventilation to purify air, so that the microbial deodorant can be fully mixed with hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas and react, and the microbial deodorant reduces the release amount of the hydrogen sulfide and the ammonia gas.
3. According to the invention, the landscaping waste is composted in the composting reaction container, and the arrangement of the heat-insulating interlayer in the composting reaction container improves the heat-insulating effect, can effectively ensure the composting temperature, shortens the composting and decomposing time of the landscaping waste, and shortens the decomposing period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a degradation method for efficient greening waste composting.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a degradation method for efficient greening waste composting comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting landscaping wastes such as stems and branches, and placing and airing the landscaping wastes in a ventilated place;
s2, crushing the dried branches and stems into particles, and fully mixing to form a material to be composted;
s3, sampling and weighing the material to be composted, drying the material to constant weight at the temperature of 65 ℃, detecting the water content, analyzing the organic C and total N content, and calculating the C/N value of the ratio of the total carbon content to the total nitrogen content of the material to be composted;
s4, putting the material to be composted into a composting reaction container, adding an aqueous solution dissolved with urea, adjusting the C/N value of the material to be composted to reach a set value, and piling and compacting;
s5, after pile building, gradually raising the pile temperature under the action of microorganisms, maintaining for 24 hours after the temperature rises to above 65 ℃, then turning the pile for the first time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then re-building the pile; after the temperature rises to 65 ℃ again, turning the pile for the second time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then rebuilding the pile; after the temperature rises to 65 ℃ again, turning the pile for the third time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then rebuilding the pile;
and S6, observing the temperature of the piled rotten materials every day, turning the piles every 3 days until the temperature of the piled rotten materials is stable, holding the materials by a hand, twisting the materials by fingers, wherein the materials are soft and fragile, are dark brown in color, and are rotten when the rotten materials have the smell of humus.
In step S4, the set value of the C/N value of the material to be composted is 30. And during the composting, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material to be composted is adjusted to 30, so that the composting effect is ensured.
In step S4, the C/N value of the material to be composted is calculated to be 30: and (2) preparing water according to the amount of the urea in 1 hour, wherein the amount of the urea is 180 percent of the weight of the material to be composted, adding the calculated amount of the urea into the water, and fully stirring until the urea is completely dissolved to form an aqueous solution in which the urea is dissolved. The urea is used as a regulator, so that the C/N value of the material to be piled is flexibly adjusted.
In step S6, the composting materials in the composting reactor are ventilated for 5-15 minutes per hour, and a microbial deodorant is added to prevent secondary pollution caused by the composting of landscaping wastes, and the microbial deodorant is added to purify air during ventilation to reduce the release amount of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.
In step S6, the reactor vessel is vented for 10 minutes per hour. So that the microbial deodorant can be fully mixed with hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas and react, thereby effectively reducing the release amount of the hydrogen sulfide and the ammonia gas.
An interlayer is arranged in the composting reaction container, and a heat insulation material is filled in the interlayer, so that the composting temperature is effectively ensured, and the composting and decomposing time of landscaping wastes is shortened.
The working principle is as follows: when the landscaping waste is piled and rotted, the lignin degrading bacteria are added, so that the degradation rate of the landscaping waste is improved, the lignin degrading bacteria are added for multiple times in the processes of piling and turning the piles for multiple times, the degradation capability of lignin in a culture medium is effectively enhanced, the degradation rate of the landscaping waste is further improved, and compared with the existing piling and rotting mode, the lignin of the piled and rotted matter is reduced by 22% and the hemicellulose is reduced by 26%. In order to prevent secondary pollution caused by garden greening waste composting, the composting material in the composting reaction container is ventilated for 10 minutes every hour, and a microbial deodorant is added to purify air during ventilation, so that the microbial deodorant can be fully mixed with hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas and react with the hydrogen sulfide and the ammonia gas, and the microbial deodorant reduces the release amount of the hydrogen sulfide and the ammonia gas. Landscaping waste is piled up rotten in piling rotten reaction vessel, and the setting of the interior heat preservation intermediate layer of piling rotten reaction vessel improves the heat preservation effect, can effectively guarantee to pile the temperature, shortens the landscaping waste compost maturity time, shortens the maturity cycle.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A degradation method for efficient greening waste composting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting landscaping wastes such as stems and branches, and placing and airing the landscaping wastes in a ventilated place;
s2, crushing the dried branches and stems into particles, and fully mixing to form a material to be composted;
s3, sampling and weighing the material to be composted, drying the material to constant weight at the temperature of 65 ℃, detecting the water content, analyzing the organic C and total N content, and calculating the C/N value of the ratio of the total carbon content to the total nitrogen content of the material to be composted;
s4, putting the material to be composted into a composting reaction container, adding an aqueous solution dissolved with urea, adjusting the C/N value of the material to be composted to reach a set value, and piling and compacting;
s5, after pile building, gradually raising the pile temperature under the action of microorganisms, maintaining for 24 hours after the temperature rises to above 65 ℃, then turning the pile for the first time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then re-building the pile; after the temperature rises to 65 ℃ again, turning the pile for the second time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then rebuilding the pile; after the temperature rises to 65 ℃ again, turning the pile for the third time, adding lignin degrading bacteria, and then rebuilding the pile;
and S6, observing the temperature of the piled rotten materials every day, turning the piles every 3 days until the temperature of the piled rotten materials is stable, holding the materials by a hand, twisting the materials by fingers, wherein the materials are soft and fragile, are dark brown in color, and are rotten when the rotten materials have the smell of humus.
2. The method for degrading the composting of green wastes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the C/N value of the material to be composted is 30 at step S4.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S4, the amount of urea used for the material to be composted has a C/N value of 30: 1 is calculated, water is prepared according to 180% of the weight of the material to be composted, and the calculated amount of urea is added to the water and stirred until the urea is completely dissolved, thereby forming the aqueous solution containing urea.
4. The method for degrading the composting of greening waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, the composting materials in the composting reactor are aerated for 5-15 minutes per hour, and a microbial deodorant is added.
5. The method for degrading the composting of green wastes of claim 4, wherein the composting materials in the composting reactor are aerated for 10 minutes per hour in step S6.
6. The degradation method of the composting wastes for greening effectively as claimed in claim 1, wherein an interlayer is arranged in the composting reaction vessel, and the interlayer is filled with heat-insulating materials.
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| CN202111212483.8A CN113860930A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Efficient degradation method for greening waste composting |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103483018A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-01 | 克拉玛依市克拉玛依区园林绿化管理局 | Method for quickly decomposing tree branch and trunk residues |
| CN105503429A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-20 | 山东福禾菌业科技有限公司 | Preparation method for high-yield culture medium of lyophyllum decastes |
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- 2021-10-18 CN CN202111212483.8A patent/CN113860930A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103483018A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-01 | 克拉玛依市克拉玛依区园林绿化管理局 | Method for quickly decomposing tree branch and trunk residues |
| CN105503429A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-20 | 山东福禾菌业科技有限公司 | Preparation method for high-yield culture medium of lyophyllum decastes |
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Application publication date: 20211231 |