CN113860738A - Application of metal bismuth and preparation method of lead-free metal frit - Google Patents
Application of metal bismuth and preparation method of lead-free metal frit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113860738A CN113860738A CN202111001580.2A CN202111001580A CN113860738A CN 113860738 A CN113860738 A CN 113860738A CN 202111001580 A CN202111001580 A CN 202111001580A CN 113860738 A CN113860738 A CN 113860738A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for applying metal bismuth and preparing lead-free metal frit, which comprises the steps of raw material preparation, raw material mixing, raw material firing, airing treatment and metal lead treatment, wherein the screened raw materials are placed into a frit kiln for firing, the temperature of the frit kiln is 1000 ℃, the raw materials are fired in a molten state to form a bismuth mixture solution, and then the mixture solution is subjected to quenching treatment. The invention relates to the technical field of metal glaze preparation, in particular to application of metal bismuth and a preparation method of lead-free metal frit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal glaze preparation, in particular to application of metal bismuth and a preparation method of lead-free metal frit.
Background
The metal glaze is a special artistic glaze in glaze materials in ceramic industry, is mainly applied to archaized brick tiles and bottles and cans of daily-use furnishing porcelain, vases or artistic porcelain, the surface of the tiles applied with the metal glaze presents metallic luster, and can present various colors, such as red, yellow, silver, blue, black and the like.
The invention with Chinese patent number CN109734316A discloses a ceramic metal glaze which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17-28 parts of albite, 17-28 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-18 parts of kaolin, 1-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts of barium carbonate, 5-12 parts of ferric oxide, 10-18 parts of copper oxide, 14-26 parts of frit glaze and 2-5 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the frit glaze comprises 8-10 parts of silicon dioxide, 2.5-5 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.5-2 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.5-2 parts of lithium oxide, 0.5-2 parts of sodium oxide, 0.5-2 parts of potassium oxide, 0.5-1 part of calcium oxide, 0.5-1 part of magnesium oxide and 0.5-1 part of barium oxide. The invention also provides a preparation method of the ceramic metal glaze. The glaze disclosed by the invention is wide in raw material source and convenient to produce, and the prepared metal glaze does not contain heavy metal lead, has the characteristic of environmental protection, and is suitable for wide popularization and application.
However, when the metal glaze is manufactured, lead oxide is needed to be used for producing the metal luster glaze, so that the content of lead oxide in the metal glaze can exceed the standard, the stability of the metal luster glaze is difficult to ensure, the manufacturing cost is high, the melting temperature is high, the porosity is high, and the quality of a finished product of the metal glaze can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an application of metal bismuth and a preparation method of a lead-free metal frit, which solve the problems that when the metal glaze is prepared, lead oxide is required to be used for producing the metal luster glaze, so that the content of lead oxide in the metal glaze can exceed the standard, meanwhile, the stability of the metal luster glaze is difficult to ensure, the manufacturing cost is high, the melting temperature is very high, the porosity is high, and the quality of a finished product of the metal glaze can be further reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a lead-free metal frit, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials: preparing raw material components required by preparing the lead-free metal frit, wherein the raw materials are prepared from the following components: 40-45 parts of borax; 5-10 parts of soda ash; 15-20 parts of metal bismuth; 15-20 parts of quartz; 8-15 parts of zinc oxide;
s2, mixing the raw materials: weighing the raw materials in the step S1, putting all the raw materials into a mixer, mixing, stirring and crushing the raw materials, stirring the raw materials into powder, and screening the stirred powder by using a 120-mesh screen;
s3, firing raw materials: placing the screened raw materials into a frit kiln for firing, wherein the temperature of the frit kiln is 1000 ℃, firing the raw materials into a molten state to form a bismuth mixture solution, and then carrying out quenching treatment on the mixture solution;
s4, airing treatment: placing the quenched bismuth mixture frit in the step S3 on a screen, and then airing the bismuth mixture frit;
s5, metal lead treatment: the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces metal glaze containing lead oxide, and is placed into a firing furnace for firing, so that the firing effect of the metal glaze containing lead is achieved, the lead-free metal glaze frit is finally prepared, the content and toxicity of heavy metal lead in the metal glaze are solved through the bismuth mixture frit, and the safety performance is improved.
Preferably, in step S1, the lead-free metal frit is prepared from the following components: 40 parts of borax; 5 parts of soda ash; 15 parts of metal bismuth; 15 parts of quartz; 8 parts of zinc oxide.
Preferably, in step S1, the lead-free metal frit is prepared from the following components: 45 parts of borax; 10 parts of soda ash; 20 parts of metal bismuth; 20 parts of quartz; 15 parts of zinc oxide.
Preferably, in step S1, the lead-free metal frit is prepared from the following components: 43 parts of borax; 7 parts of soda ash; 17 parts of metal bismuth; 17 parts of quartz; 11 parts of zinc oxide.
Preferably, in the step S2, the stirring speed in the mixer is controlled to be 30 to 45 r/S.
Preferably, in the step S2, when the raw material is screened, the number of screening is 3.
Preferably, in the step S3, the mixture solution is quenched by dropping cold water of 15 ℃ into the pores of the frit kiln, and then quenching the fired mixture solution.
Preferably, in the step S4, the screen mesh is a 40-mesh screen, the airing time is 2-3 hours, the raw materials are uniformly laid on the screen mesh while airing, and the raw materials on the screen mesh are turned over every half hour, so that the airing effect of the raw materials is ensured.
Preferably, in the step S5, the temperature of the firing furnace is 1000 to 1200 ℃.
Preferably, the lead-free metal frit is used for preparing fusible alloy, metallurgical additive, medical treatment and flame retardant.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides an application of metal bismuth and a preparation method of lead-free metal frit, which have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1. according to the application of the metal bismuth and the preparation method of the lead-free metal frit, the bismuth oxide is added into the ceramic glaze, so that the ceramic glaze has low-temperature melting property, better melting-assisting property and metallic luster, and meanwhile, through the development of the metal bismuth mixture frit, the metal glaze frit is greatly reduced, the melting temperature of the metal glaze is reduced, the porosity is reduced, and the finished product quality of the metal glaze is greatly improved.
2. According to the application of the metal bismuth and the preparation method of the lead-free metal frit, the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces metal glaze containing lead oxide, and is placed into a firing furnace for firing, so that the firing effect of the metal glaze containing lead is achieved, the content and toxicity of heavy metal lead in the metal glaze are solved through the bismuth mixture frit, and the safety performance is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides three technical solutions:
example one
A method for preparing a lead-free metal frit, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials: preparing raw material components required by preparing the lead-free metal frit, wherein the raw materials are prepared from the following components: 40 parts of borax; 5 parts of soda ash; 15 parts of metal bismuth; 15 parts of quartz; 8 parts of zinc oxide;
s2, mixing the raw materials: weighing the raw materials in the step S1, putting all the raw materials into a mixer, mixing, stirring and crushing the raw materials, stirring the raw materials into powder, and screening the stirred powder by using a 120-mesh screen;
s3, firing raw materials: placing the screened raw materials into a frit kiln for firing, wherein the temperature of the frit kiln is 1000 ℃, firing the raw materials into a molten state to form a bismuth mixture solution, and then carrying out quenching treatment on the mixture solution;
s4, airing treatment: placing the quenched bismuth mixture frit in the step S3 on a screen, and then airing the bismuth mixture frit;
s5, metal lead treatment: the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces metal glaze containing lead oxide, and is placed into a firing furnace for firing, so that the firing effect of the metal glaze containing lead is achieved, the lead-free metal glaze frit is finally prepared, the content and toxicity of heavy metal lead in the metal glaze are solved through the bismuth mixture frit, and the safety performance is improved.
In the present example, in step S2, the stirring speed in the mixer was controlled to 30 r/S.
In the present example, in step S2, when the raw material is screened, the number of screening is 3.
In the example of the present invention, in step S3, the mixture solution is quenched by dropping cold water of 15 ℃ into the pores of the frit kiln.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the step S4, the screen mesh is a 40-mesh screen, the airing time is 2 hours, the raw materials are uniformly laid on the screen mesh while airing, and the raw materials on the screen mesh are turned over every half hour, so that the airing effect of the raw materials is ensured.
In the present example, in step S5, the temperature of the firing furnace was 1000 ℃.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lead-free metal frit is prepared, and the metal bismuth formed in the preparation is applied to the preparation of fusible alloys, metallurgical additives, medical treatment and flame retardants.
Example two
A method for preparing a lead-free metal frit, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials: preparing raw material components required by preparing the lead-free metal frit, wherein the raw materials are prepared from the following components: 45 parts of borax; 10 parts of soda ash; 20 parts of metal bismuth; 20 parts of quartz; 15 parts of zinc oxide;
s2, mixing the raw materials: weighing the raw materials in the step S1, putting all the raw materials into a mixer, mixing, stirring and crushing the raw materials, stirring the raw materials into powder, and screening the stirred powder by using a 120-mesh screen;
s3, firing raw materials: placing the screened raw materials into a frit kiln for firing, wherein the temperature of the frit kiln is 1000 ℃, firing the raw materials into a molten state to form a bismuth mixture solution, and then carrying out quenching treatment on the mixture solution;
s4, airing treatment: placing the quenched bismuth mixture frit in the step S3 on a screen, and then airing the bismuth mixture frit;
s5, metal lead treatment: the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces metal glaze containing lead oxide, and is placed into a firing furnace for firing, so that the firing effect of the metal glaze containing lead is achieved, the lead-free metal glaze frit is finally prepared, the content and toxicity of heavy metal lead in the metal glaze are solved through the bismuth mixture frit, and the safety performance is improved.
In the present example, in step S2, the stirring speed in the mixer was controlled to 45 r/S.
In the present example, in step S2, when the raw material is screened, the number of screening is 3.
In the example of the present invention, in step S3, the mixture solution is quenched by dropping cold water of 15 ℃ into the pores of the frit kiln.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the step S4, the screen mesh is a 40-mesh screen, the airing time is 3 hours, the raw materials are uniformly laid on the screen mesh while airing, and the raw materials on the screen mesh are turned over every half hour, so that the airing effect of the raw materials is ensured.
In the present example, in step S5, the temperature of the firing furnace was 1200 ℃.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lead-free metal frit is prepared, and the metal bismuth formed in the preparation is applied to the preparation of fusible alloy, metallurgical additive, medical treatment and flame retardant
EXAMPLE III
A method for preparing a lead-free metal frit, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials: preparing raw material components required by preparing the lead-free metal frit, wherein the raw materials are prepared from the following components: 43 parts of borax; 7 parts of soda ash; 17 parts of metal bismuth; 17 parts of quartz; 11 parts of zinc oxide;
s2, mixing the raw materials: weighing the raw materials in the step S1, putting all the raw materials into a mixer, mixing, stirring and crushing the raw materials, stirring the raw materials into powder, and screening the stirred powder by using a 120-mesh screen;
s3, firing raw materials: placing the screened raw materials into a frit kiln for firing, wherein the temperature of the frit kiln is 1000 ℃, firing the raw materials into a molten state to form a bismuth mixture solution, and then carrying out quenching treatment on the mixture solution;
s4, airing treatment: placing the quenched bismuth mixture frit in the step S3 on a screen, and then airing the bismuth mixture frit;
s5, metal lead treatment: the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces metal glaze containing lead oxide, and is placed into a firing furnace for firing, so that the firing effect of the metal glaze containing lead is achieved, the lead-free metal glaze is finally prepared, the content and toxicity of heavy metal lead in the metal glaze are solved through the bismuth mixture frit, and the safety performance is improved.
In the present example, in step S2, the stirring speed in the mixer was controlled to 37 r/S.
In the present example, in step S2, when the raw material is screened, the number of screening is 3.
In the example of the present invention, in step S3, the mixture solution is quenched by dropping cold water of 15 ℃ into the pores of the frit kiln.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the step S4, the screen mesh is a 40-mesh screen, the airing time is 2.5 hours, the raw materials are uniformly laid on the screen mesh while airing, and the raw materials on the screen mesh are turned over every half hour, so that the airing effect of the raw materials is ensured.
In the present example, in step S5, the temperature of the firing furnace was 1100 ℃.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lead-free metal frit is prepared, and the metal bismuth formed in the preparation is applied to the preparation of fusible alloys, metallurgical additives, medical treatment and flame retardants.
Further, by comparing the preparation of the invention with the traditional preparation method, the following conclusions can be finally obtained:
and conclusion one: in the traditional method, after a lead-free metal block is added into a fired metal glaze, the fired metal glaze has no metal luster;
and a second conclusion: when the metal glaze is fired in the prior art, the firing temperature is too high, so that the firing cost is increased;
and conclusion three: according to the invention, the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces metal glaze containing lead oxide, so that the metallic luster of metal glaze firing can be improved, and the requirements of development and production are met.
Therefore, in the invention, bismuth oxide is added into the ceramic glaze, so that the ceramic glaze has low-temperature melting property, better melting aiding property and metallic luster, meanwhile, through the development of a metallic bismuth mixture frit, the frit of the metallic glaze is greatly reduced, the melting temperature of the metallic glaze is reduced, the porosity is reduced, the finished product quality of the metallic glaze is greatly improved, the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces the metallic glaze containing lead oxide, the metallic glaze is placed into a firing furnace for firing, the firing is carried out to achieve the effect of the metallic glaze containing lead, the content and toxicity of heavy metal lead in the metallic glaze are solved through the bismuth mixture frit, and the safety performance is further improved
And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of lead-free metal frit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials: preparing raw material components required by preparing the lead-free metal frit, wherein the raw materials are prepared from the following components: 40-45 parts of borax; 5-10 parts of soda ash; 15-20 parts of metal bismuth; 15-20 parts of quartz; 8-15 parts of zinc oxide;
s2, mixing the raw materials: weighing the raw materials in the step S1, putting all the raw materials into a mixer, mixing, stirring and crushing the raw materials, stirring the raw materials into powder, and screening the stirred powder by using a 120-mesh screen;
s3, firing raw materials: placing the screened raw materials into a frit kiln for firing, wherein the temperature of the frit kiln is 1000 ℃, firing the raw materials into a molten state to form a bismuth mixture solution, and then carrying out quenching treatment on the mixture solution;
s4, airing treatment: placing the quenched bismuth mixture frit in the step S3 on a screen, and then airing the bismuth mixture frit;
s5, metal lead treatment: the prepared bismuth mixture frit replaces metal glaze containing lead oxide, and is placed into a firing furnace for firing, so that the firing effect of the metal glaze containing lead is achieved, the lead-free metal glaze frit is finally prepared, the content and toxicity of heavy metal lead in the metal glaze are solved through the bismuth mixture frit, and the safety performance is improved.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in step S1, the lead-free metal frit is prepared from the following components: 40 parts of borax; 5 parts of soda ash; 15 parts of metal bismuth; 15 parts of quartz; 8 parts of zinc oxide.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in step S1, the lead-free metal frit is prepared from the following components: 45 parts of borax; 10 parts of soda ash; 20 parts of metal bismuth; 20 parts of quartz; 15 parts of zinc oxide.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in step S1, the lead-free metal frit is prepared from the following components: 43 parts of borax; 7 parts of soda ash; 17 parts of metal bismuth; 17 parts of quartz; 11 parts of zinc oxide.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in the step S2, the stirring speed in the mixer is controlled to be 30-45 r/S.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in the step S2, when the raw material is screened, the number of screening is 3.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in step S3, the mixture solution is quenched by dropping cold water of 15 ℃ into the pores of the frit kiln, and then quenching the fired mixture solution.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in the step S4, the screen mesh is a 40-mesh screen, the airing time is 2-3 hours, the raw materials are uniformly laid on the screen mesh while airing, and the raw materials on the screen mesh are turned over every half hour, so that the airing effect of the raw materials is ensured.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the lead-free frit is prepared by: in the step S5, the temperature of the firing furnace is 1000-1200 ℃.
10. The method for preparing a lead-free metal frit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the metal bismuth formed in the preparation is applied to the manufacture of fusible alloys, metallurgical additives, medical treatment and the manufacture of flame retardants.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115301681A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-08 | 中国光大绿色技术创新研究院有限公司 | Additives for incinerating fly ash from molten garbage and method for incinerating fly ash from molten garbage |
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2021
- 2021-08-30 CN CN202111001580.2A patent/CN113860738A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115301681A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-08 | 中国光大绿色技术创新研究院有限公司 | Additives for incinerating fly ash from molten garbage and method for incinerating fly ash from molten garbage |
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Application publication date: 20211231 |