CN113857539A - Segmented machining anti-resonance milling cutter and waist-shaped hole milling machining process - Google Patents
Segmented machining anti-resonance milling cutter and waist-shaped hole milling machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113857539A CN113857539A CN202111153297.1A CN202111153297A CN113857539A CN 113857539 A CN113857539 A CN 113857539A CN 202111153297 A CN202111153297 A CN 202111153297A CN 113857539 A CN113857539 A CN 113857539A
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and a waist-shaped hole milling process, wherein the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter comprises a cutter head, wherein the cutter head comprises a first cutter head part and a second cutter head part which are coaxially arranged and integrally connected; and the outer diameter of the first cutter head part is smaller than that of the second cutter head part; wherein: the first cutter head comprises a plurality of first cutting edges which are spirally arranged, the rotation angles of the first cutting edges are different, and first chip grooves are formed between the adjacent first cutting edges respectively; the second tool bit part comprises a plurality of spirally arranged second cutting edges, the rotating angles of the second cutting edges are different, and second chip grooves are formed between every two adjacent second cutting edges respectively. The waist-shaped hole milling process is characterized in that the segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter is adopted for processing, and the waist-shaped hole comprises two inner cambered surfaces which are opposite sides and two ends; the inner surface of the inner arc position is directly processed by the second cutter head part; the first tool bit portion machines the inner surfaces of the other pair of side edges.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of milling cutters and hole milling, in particular to a sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and a kidney-shaped hole milling process.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, the manufacturing precision and surface quality of machine tool parts are required to be higher, and the resonance problem of the tool and the part of the machine tool becomes a major problem to be faced by departments of developing, producing and using the machine tool.
At present, most of milling cutters on the market adopt a single-cutter head structure, when different parts of a part need to be cut, the milling cutters need to be taken down from a machine tool, and the milling cutters with different outer diameters are replaced to perform subsequent part inner hole machining, so that the part machining time is prolonged, and the production efficiency is low. In the prior art, the cutting edges of the milling cutter are mostly arranged in equal intervals and have the same angle, and when the milling cutter is used for cutting a waist-shaped hole of a part, the cutting edges of the milling cutter have large impact force on the part, so that strong vibration is caused between the milling cutter and the part. Especially, when the small machine tool is processed by the milling cutter, the small machine tool has the advantages of small torque, large processing vibration, obvious shaking and strong vibration sense, and is easy to cause the distortion of the geometric shape of a part and leave vibration lines on the processing surface of the part, so that the processing precision and the surface smoothness of the part are reduced. In addition, in the conventional technology, the inner hole processing technological process of the kidney-shaped hole mostly adopts one-time continuous hole milling: and the milling cutter is used for continuously and sequentially milling the part along the circumferential direction of the waist-shaped hole, the vibration sense is obvious at the transition position from the opposite side to the inner arc position, the fracture surface is easy to appear, and the vibration lines of the inner hole are obvious.
Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a segment-processing anti-resonance milling cutter and a kidney-shaped hole milling process, which can save cutting time, improve production efficiency, facilitate multi-point cutting, and reduce resonance in the cutting process. And the waist-shaped hole milling processing ensures that the surface of the inner hole has no vibration lines, the processing process has small sound, and the working environment is more comfortable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the anti-resonance milling cutter for the sectional machining comprises a cutter head, wherein the cutter head comprises a first cutter head part and a second cutter head part which are coaxially arranged and integrally connected; the lower end of the first cutter head is integrally connected with a cylinder structure which is a connecting part; the lower end of the connecting part is integrally connected with the second cutter head part; and the outer diameter of the first cutter head part is smaller than that of the second cutter head part; wherein:
the first cutter head comprises a plurality of spirally arranged first cutting edges, the rotating angles of the first cutting edges are different, and at least one first cutting edge passes through the center; first chip grooves are formed between the adjacent first blades respectively; the front cutter face and the rear cutter face of the first cutter edge are arranged in an arc structure;
the second tool bit part comprises a plurality of spirally arranged second cutting edges, the rotation angles of the second cutting edges are different, second chip grooves are formed between every two adjacent second cutting edges respectively, and the second chip grooves are spirally staggered; the front knife face and the rear knife face of the second knife edge are arranged in an arc structure.
As a preferable scheme, the segmented machining resonance-proof milling cutter is an all-tungsten steel milling cutter.
As a preferable scheme, the first knife head comprises four first knife edges arranged in a spiral manner, the first knife head is of a cross boomerang structure, and the rotation angle of the first knife edge is 45 degrees;
the second tool bit portion comprises four spirally arranged second cutting edges, the second tool bit portion is of a cross boomerang structure, and the rotating angle of the second cutting edges is 45 degrees.
As a preferable scheme, the top of the first blade is recessed downwards to form a crescent groove structure, which is a first tooth groove; the top of the second cutting edge is sunken downwards to form a crescent groove structure which is a second tooth groove.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the connecting part is equal to the outer diameter of the first tool bit.
As a preferable scheme, an avoiding step is arranged between the lower end part of the connecting part and the upper end part of the second cutter head part, and the avoiding step is of an arc-shaped structure.
As a preferable scheme, the second blade comprises a tooth edge section and a smooth edge section, and the tooth edge section and the smooth edge section are arranged in equal length; the tooth edge section is arranged at the upper end of the second cutter head part, the light edge section is arranged at the lower end of the second cutter head part, and an avoiding inclined plane is arranged at the lower end of the tooth edge section.
Preferably, the upper end of the tooth edge section is also integrally provided with a guide section.
A kidney-shaped hole milling process is characterized in that the segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter is adopted for processing, and the kidney-shaped hole comprises two inner cambered surfaces which are opposite sides and two ends;
the outer diameter of the second cutter head part is matched and adapted with the inner diameters of the inner arc positions at two ends, and the inner surface of the inner arc position is machined by directly utilizing the concentric arrangement type rotary machining of the second cutter head part and the inner arc position;
the outer diameter of the first cutter head is smaller than the distance between the two opposite sides, the first cutter head moves to the other end along one end of one pair of sides to machine the inner surfaces of the pair of sides, then moves to one end of the other pair of sides, and moves to the other end along one end of the other pair of sides to machine the inner surfaces of the other pair of sides.
As a preferred scheme, the kidney-shaped hole milling process comprises the following steps:
step 1: the first cutter head of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter extends into the waist-shaped hole, the extending point corresponds to the front end of the opposite side edge on the left side, and then the first cutter head moves to the rear end along the front end of the opposite side edge on the left side to realize the machining of the inner surface of the opposite side edge on the left side;
step 2: the first cutter head is translated to the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side from the rear end of the opposite side edge on the left side, and then the first cutter head moves to the front end along the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side, so that the inner surface of the opposite side edge on the right side is machined;
and step 3: translating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter to the middle from the left, then translating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter to the inner arc position of the front end forwards, then extending the second cutter head part into the waist-shaped hole, and then performing concentric arrangement type rotary machining on the inner arc position of the front end and the inner arc position of the front end by utilizing the second cutter head part to realize the inner surface machining of the inner arc position of the front end;
and 4, step 4: the second cutter head part is separated from the waist-shaped hole, the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated backwards to the inner arc position of the rear end, the second cutter head part extends into the waist-shaped hole, and then the second cutter head part and the inner arc position of the rear end are concentrically arranged to be rotationally machined, so that the inner surface of the inner arc position of the rear end is machined;
and 5: completely separating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter from the waist-shaped hole to complete the machining of the inner surface of the waist-shaped hole;
or comprises the following steps:
step 1: the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is stretched into the waist-shaped hole, the stretching point corresponds to the circle center of the inner arc position of the front end, and then the second cutter head part is utilized to perform concentric arrangement type rotary machining on the inner arc position of the front end and the inner arc position of the front end, namely, the inner surface machining of the inner arc position of the front end is realized;
step 2: the second cutter head part is separated from the waist-shaped hole, the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated backwards to the inner arc position of the rear end, the second cutter head part extends into the waist-shaped hole, and then the second cutter head part and the inner arc position of the rear end are concentrically arranged to be rotationally machined, so that the inner surface of the inner arc position of the rear end can be machined;
and step 3: the second cutter head part is separated from the waist-shaped hole, the first cutter head part is still positioned in the waist-shaped hole, then the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated to the middle to the left side, at the moment, the first cutter head part corresponds to the front end of the left side opposite to the side edge, and then the first cutter head part moves to the rear end along the front end of the left side opposite to the side edge, so that the inner surface machining of the left side opposite to the side edge is realized;
and 4, step 4: the first cutter head is translated to the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side from the rear end of the opposite side edge on the left side, and then the first cutter head moves to the front end along the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side, so that the inner surface of the opposite side edge on the right side is machined;
and 5: and (4) completely separating the subsection machining anti-resonance milling cutter from the waist-shaped hole to complete the machining of the inner surface of the waist-shaped hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and particularly, according to the technical scheme, the anti-resonance milling cutter is mainly characterized in that the first cutter head part and the second cutter head part are arranged in an up-and-down sectional mode in the sectional processing mode, so that: the anti-resonance milling cutter for sectional machining is provided with cutter head parts with different multi-section outer diameters, so that the cutting function of inner holes with different outer diameters can be realized when different parts of a part are machined, the milling cutter is prevented from being replaced for many times, the cutting time is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Secondly, the sectional type cutter head part of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter adopts spiral type cutting edges respectively, the rotation angles of the cutting edges are different, the staggered arrangement is formed, and multi-point cutting is convenient to carry out. In addition, the waist-shaped hole milling process adopts the first tool bit part and the second tool bit part to respectively process the opposite side and the inner arc position, so that the processing of different positions of the waist-shaped hole is performed in different steps, the resonance phenomenon in the continuous cutting process is further reduced, and the processing process is realized as follows: the surface of the inner hole of the machined part has no vibration lines, and the sound is small in the machining process. The sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and the waist-shaped hole milling process are particularly suitable for numerical control machining of small-sized machine tools, so that the working environment of workers is more comfortable.
To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a segment machining anti-resonance milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a first blade head of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a second tool bit portion of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second bit portion of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view of a second tool bit portion in use in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the second head portion of the embodiment of the present invention (the second head portion in use);
FIG. 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a kidney hole formed by machining in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a transverse cross-sectional view of another kidney shaped hole formed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the inner arc of a second tool bit portion for forming a kidney hole in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of a pair of side edges of a kidney shaped hole machined with a first tool tip in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is another pair of side views of a first tool tip for machining a kidney-shaped hole in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The attached drawings indicate the following:
10. first blade head 11 and first tooth groove
12. First chip groove 13 and first tangent plane
14. Second cutting surface 20, second cutter head part
21. Second tooth slot 22 and second chip groove
23. Third cut surface 24, fourth cut surface
25. Tooth edge section 251, guide section
252. Avoidance bevel 26, a plain edge section
30. Connecting part 31 and avoiding step
40. Waist-shaped hole 41 and inner arc position
42. And opposite side edges.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the orientation words, such as the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicating the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 to 11 show a specific structure and a process for milling a kidney-shaped hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The anti-resonance milling cutter for the sectional machining comprises a cutter head, wherein the cutter head comprises a first cutter head part 10 and a second cutter head part 20 which are coaxially arranged and integrally connected. Preferably, the segmented machining anti-resonance milling cutter is an all-tungsten steel milling cutter. Fig. 1 shows a side view of a segment machining anti-resonance milling cutter. The lower end of the first tool bit 10 is integrally connected with a column structure, which is a connecting part 30. The lower end of the connecting portion 30 is integrally connected to the second head portion 20. And, the first tool bit 10 has an outer diameter smaller than that of the second tool bit 20. Wherein:
the first cutting head 10 comprises four helically arranged first cutting edges, wherein at least one first cutting edge is overcenter. Preferably, the angles of rotation of the first cutting edge are different such that: the first cutting edges are staggered, and multi-point cutting can be performed to solve the resonance problem. And the top of the first blade is sunken downwards to form a crescent groove structure which is a first tooth groove 11, so that the first blade can be bored. First chip grooves 12 are formed between adjacent first cutting edges, respectively. The first chip removal grooves 12 are arranged in a staggered mode in a spiral mode, chip removal capacity is good, and machining efficiency and machining precision are improved.
Fig. 2 shows a top view of a first tool head of a segment machining anti-resonance milling tool. The first knife head 10 is in a cross boomerang structure. The rear knife face of the first knife edge is of an arc-shaped structure, and a first tangent plane 13 and a second tangent plane 14 are arranged on the rear knife face of the first knife edge. A first included angle is formed between the first tangent plane 13 and the cutting plane, the toughness and sharpness of the first cutting edge are increased by the first tangent plane 13, the friction between the rear cutter face of the first cutting edge and the surface of a cutting part is reduced, the first cutter head part 10 of the tooth milling cutter is prevented from deforming due to cutting, and then the cutting consumption of the rear cutter face of the first cutter head part 10 is reduced, and the abrasion is reduced. Preferably, the width of the first cut surface 13 is 0.6 mm. A second included angle is formed between the second tangent plane 14 and the cutting plane, and the second included angle is a back angle. The first included angle and the second included angle are as small as possible, so that strong friction between the rear cutter face of the first cutting edge of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and the part machining face is avoided, and the resonance phenomenon of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and the part in the cutting process of the first cutter head 10 is further reduced. Preferably, the first included angle is 6 ° to 10 °, and most preferably 8 °. Preferably, the second included angle is 13 ° to 18 °, and most preferably 15 °.
The rake face of first cutting edge sets up for the arc structure, and, the rake face of first cutting edge forms the third contained angle with the reference plane. The third included angle has a great influence on vibration, the larger the third included angle is, the more stable the cutting process of the first tool head 10 is, and the third included angle is increased to make: the first cutting edge is sharp, the cutting process of the first tool head part 10 is stable, and meanwhile, the generation of accumulated chip of the first tool head part 10 is reduced, so that the part machining quality is improved. Preferably, the third included angle is 9 ° to 12 °, and most preferably 10 °. The outer diameter of the first tool head 10 is between 11.98 mm and 12.02 mm.
The first tool bit 10 is integrally formed downward to be connected with a column structure, which is a connecting part 30. Preferably, the connecting portion 30 has a length of 20 mm. Preferably, the outer diameter of the connecting portion 30 and the outer diameter of the first tool head 10 are arranged to be equal, such that: after the first tool head 10 is bored, the connecting portion 30 can be extended into the hole for subsequent processing. The lower end of the connecting part 30 is integrally provided with a second cutter head part 20, and the connecting part 30 enables: the first cutter head part 10 and the second cutter head part 20 are separated from each other, and the segmented machining resonance-proof milling cutter can realize segmented machining. An avoiding step 31 is arranged between the lower end part of the connecting part 30 and the upper end part of the second cutter head part 20, and the avoiding step 31 is of an arc-shaped structure, so that: when the anti-resonance milling cutter for sectional machining is machined only by using the first cutter head part 10, the first cutter head part 10 and the second cutter head part 20 are separated by the connecting part 30, and the second cutter head part 20 can be prevented from influencing a part machining position by avoiding the step 31; when the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter uses the second cutter head part 20 to machine, the first cutter head part 10 and the connecting part 30 extend into a part, the avoiding step 31 is tightly attached to the periphery of the orifice of the part, the part can be machined, fixed and buffered, and the machined hole position is prevented from shifting and deforming. Preferably, the radius of curvature of the avoidance step 31 is 1 mm.
Fig. 3 is a side view showing a structure of a second head portion of the resonance-proof milling cutter by segment machining. The second head portion 20 is integrally formed and connected to a lower end of the connecting portion 30. The second cutter head part 20 comprises four spirally arranged second cutting edges, each second cutting edge comprises a tooth edge section 25 and a smooth edge section 26, and the tooth edge sections 25 grab and cut parts to avoid bulge caused by backward shrinkage of the parts; the optical edge section 26 carries out subsequent processing on the part, and the integral cutting effect is ensured. The tooth edge section 25 and the plain edge section 26 are arranged in equal length. The tooth edge section 25 is provided at the upper end of the second head portion 20, and the optical edge section 26 is provided at the lower end of the second head portion 20. The lower end of the tooth blade section 25 is provided with an avoiding inclined plane 252, and the avoiding inclined plane 252 avoids burrs on the outer peripheral side of a part processing hole position, so that the processing quality of parts is improved.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the tooth edge section 25 is between 20.98 mm and 21.02 mm, and the outer diameter of the light edge section 26 is between 24.99 mm and 25 mm. In addition, the upper end of the tooth blade section 25 is integrally provided with a guide section 251, and the outer diameter of the guide section 251 is preferably 22.38 mm to 22.42 mm. The sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter adopts the first cutter head part 10 and the second cutter head part 20 which are arranged in different outer diameters, so that when different parts are machined, the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter can be used for machining, the replacement of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter during machining is avoided, and the machining time is further saved.
Furthermore, the second head portion 20 includes four helically arranged second cutting edges. Preferably, the angle of rotation of the second blade edge is different such that: the second blades are staggered, so that multi-point cutting can be performed to solve the resonance problem. And the top of the second blade is sunken downwards to form a crescent groove structure which is a second tooth slot 21, so that the second blade can be used for processing parts. Second chip grooves 22 are respectively formed between the adjacent second cutting edges. The second chip removal grooves 22 are arranged in a staggered mode in a spiral mode, so that the chip removal capacity is good, and the processing efficiency and the processing precision are improved. The segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter cuts the part, and the piece that produces gets into second chip groove 22 through the second cutting edge, and when segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter carried out high-speed rotation around the center pin, simultaneously, the second chip groove 22 on the segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter carried out high-speed rotation around the center pin of segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter respectively, and the piece was discharged along second chip groove 22, prevented to splash and caused the injury.
Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a second head part of a segment machining resonance-resistant milling cutter. The second cutter head portion 20 is of a cross boomerang structure. The back knife face of the second cutting edge is of an arc-shaped structure, and a third tangent plane 23 and a fourth tangent plane 24 are arranged on the back knife face of the second cutting edge. A fourth included angle is formed between the third cut surface 23 and the cutting plane, and preferably, the width of the third cut surface 23 is 1 mm.
A fifth included angle is formed between the fourth tangent plane 24 and the cutting plane, and the fifth included angle is a rear angle. The fourth included angle and the fifth included angle are as small as possible, so that strong friction between the rear cutter face of the second cutting edge of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and the part machining face is avoided, and the resonance phenomenon of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and the part in the cutting process of the second cutter head part 20 is further reduced. Preferably, the fourth angle is 6 ° to 10 °, and most preferably 8 °. Preferably, the fifth angle is 13 ° to 18 °, and most preferably 15 °. The rake face of the second cutting edge is provided with an arc-shaped structure, and the rake face of the second cutting edge forms a sixth included angle with the reference plane, the sixth included angle has a great influence on the vibration of the second cutter head portion 20, the larger the sixth included angle is, the more stable the cutting process is, preferably, the sixth included angle is 9 ° to 12 °, and 10 ° is optimal.
Fig. 5 and 6 are a view showing a state of use of the second head part of the resonance-preventing milling cutter by segment machining and a partially enlarged view showing the state of use, respectively. After the second tool bit part 20 of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter bores two inner arc positions 41 of a waist-shaped hole 40 of a part, the first tool bit part 10 and the connecting part 30 penetrate through the part, and the first tool bit part 10 cuts two opposite side edges 42 of the hole position of the part. An avoiding inclined plane 252 is arranged at the lower end of the tooth edge section 25 of the second cutting edge, and the avoiding inclined plane 252 avoids burrs on the outer peripheral side of the waist-shaped hole 40 for processing parts, so that the processing quality of the parts is improved; and simultaneously, the hole site for processing the waist-shaped hole 40 is buffered and damped. Segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter carries out the sectional type to the cutting edge and is provided with from top to bottom: first sword head 10, second sword head 20 to, first sword head 10 adopts the first cutting edge of spiral setting, and second sword head 20 adopts the second cutting edge of spiral setting, and the helix angle of first cutting edge, second cutting edge is different, forms the dislocation, divides the multiple spot cutting, solves the resonance problem, makes: the surface of the inner hole of the waist-shaped hole 40 has no vibration lines, and the sound of a workshop is small during processing, so that the working environment of workers is more comfortable.
Fig. 7 shows a transverse cross-sectional view of a profiled kidney-shaped bore 40 of a segmented resonance-inhibiting milling cutter. In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the inner arc 41 of the waist-shaped hole 40 is 11.2 mm, the radius of curvature of the opposite side edge 42 is 96.2 mm, and the length of the waist-shaped hole 40 is 48.4 mm.
The anti-resonance milling cutter for sectional machining further comprises a cutter handle, wherein the cutter handle is integrally formed and connected to the lower end of the cutter head. The lower end of the cutter handle is of a chamfering round handle structure, the segmental machining anti-resonance milling cutter can be installed on a machine tool, the anti-seismic performance is enhanced, the cutting speed is improved, and the cutter handle is clamped tightly and is not easy to slip.
Next, referring to fig. 7 to 11, a process for milling a kidney-shaped hole by using the segmented anti-resonance milling cutter is described, wherein the process flow of the kidney-shaped hole milling process includes:
the inner arc positions 41 at two ends of the waist-shaped hole 40 of the part are respectively bored by utilizing the second cutter head part 20, the outer diameter of the second cutter head part 20 is matched and adapted with the inner diameters of the inner arc positions 41 at two ends, and thus, the inner surfaces of the inner arc positions 41 can be machined by directly utilizing the rotary machining of the second cutter head part 20 in a concentric arrangement mode at the inner arc positions 41 and the inner arc positions 41;
the two opposite side edges 42 of the part kidney-shaped hole 40 are respectively cut by the first tool bit 10. The outer diameter of the first tool bit 10 is smaller than the distance between the two pairs of side edges 42, the inner surfaces of the pair of side edges 42 are machined by moving the first tool bit 10 from one end to the other end of the pair of side edges 42, then moving the first tool bit to one end of the other pair of side edges 42, and then moving the first tool bit to the other end of the other pair of side edges 42.
In general, the processing sequence of the inner arc 41 and the side edge 42 may not be limited. One processing step is listed below:
step 1: the first cutter head 10 of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter extends into the waist-shaped 40 hole, the extending point corresponds to the front end of the left side-to-side edge 42, then the first cutter head 10 moves to the rear end along the front end of the left side-to-side edge 42, and the inner surface machining of the left side-to-side edge 42 is realized;
step 2: translating the first cutter head 10 from the rear end of the left opposite side edge 42 to the rear end of the right opposite side edge 42, and then moving the first cutter head 10 to the front end along the rear end of the right opposite side edge 42 to machine the inner surface of the right opposite side edge 42;
and step 3: translating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter to the middle from the left, then translating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter to the inner arc position 41 at the front end forwards, then extending the second cutter head part 20 into the kidney-shaped hole 40, and then performing rotary machining by utilizing the concentric arrangement of the inner arc position 41 at the front end and the inner arc position 41 at the front end of the second cutter head part 20, thus realizing the inner surface machining of the inner arc position 41 at the front end;
and 4, step 4: the second tool head part 20 is separated from the kidney-shaped hole 40, the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated backwards to an inner arc position 41 at the rear end, the second tool head part 20 extends into the kidney-shaped hole 40, and then the inner surface of the inner arc position 41 at the rear end can be machined by utilizing the concentric arrangement type rotating machining of the inner arc position 41 at the rear end and the inner arc position 41 at the rear end of the second tool head part 20;
and 5: and (4) completely separating the subsection machining anti-resonance milling cutter from the kidney-shaped hole 40 to complete the machining of the inner surface of the kidney-shaped hole 40.
Another processing step is listed:
step 1: the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is stretched into the waist-shaped hole 40, the stretching point corresponds to the center of the inner arc position 41 at the front end, and then the inner surface of the inner arc position 41 at the front end can be machined by utilizing the rotary machining of the second cutter head part 20 in a manner that the inner arc position 41 at the front end and the inner arc position 41 at the front end are concentric;
step 2: the second tool head part 20 is separated from the kidney-shaped hole 40, the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated backwards to an inner arc position 41 at the rear end, the second tool head part 20 extends into the kidney-shaped hole 40, and then the inner surface of the inner arc position 41 at the rear end can be machined by utilizing the concentric arrangement type rotating machining of the inner arc position 41 at the rear end and the inner arc position 41 at the rear end of the second tool head part 20;
and step 3: the second tool bit part 20 is separated from the waist-shaped hole 40, the first tool bit part 10 is still positioned in the waist-shaped hole 40, then the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated to the middle to the left, at the moment, the first tool bit part 10 corresponds to the front end of the left side 42, then the first tool bit part 10 moves to the rear end along the front end of the left side 42, and the inner surface machining of the left side 42 is realized;
and 4, step 4: translating the first cutter head 10 from the rear end of the left opposite side edge 42 to the rear end of the right opposite side edge 42, and then moving the first cutter head 10 to the front end along the rear end of the right opposite side edge 42 to machine the inner surface of the right opposite side edge 42;
and 5: and (4) completely separating the subsection machining anti-resonance milling cutter from the kidney-shaped hole 40 to complete the machining of the inner surface of the kidney-shaped hole 40.
The sequence of the inner arc 41 at the front end and the rear end and the sequence of the opposite side 42 at the left side and the right side can be flexibly changed as required, and description is not repeated here to avoid redundancy.
The invention is mainly characterized in that the anti-resonance milling cutter is processed in sections, and a first cutter head part and a second cutter head part are arranged in an up-and-down sectional mode, so that: the anti-resonance milling cutter for sectional machining is provided with cutter head parts with different multi-section outer diameters, so that the cutting function of inner holes with different outer diameters can be realized when different parts of a part are machined, the milling cutter is prevented from being replaced for many times, the cutting time is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Secondly, the sectional type cutter head part of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter adopts spiral type cutting edges respectively, the rotation angles of the cutting edges are different, the staggered arrangement is formed, and multi-point cutting is convenient to carry out. In addition, the waist-shaped hole milling process adopts the first tool bit part and the second tool bit part to respectively process the opposite side and the inner arc position, so that the processing of different positions of the waist-shaped hole is performed in different steps, the resonance phenomenon in the continuous cutting process is further reduced, and the processing process is realized as follows: the surface of the inner hole of the machined part has no vibration lines, and the sound is small in the machining process. The sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter and the waist-shaped hole milling process are particularly suitable for numerical control machining of small-sized machine tools, so that the working environment of workers is more comfortable.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter which characterized in that: the cutter head comprises a first cutter head part and a second cutter head part which are coaxially arranged and integrally connected; the lower end of the first cutter head is integrally connected with a cylinder structure which is a connecting part; the lower end of the connecting part is integrally connected with the second cutter head part; and the outer diameter of the first cutter head part is smaller than that of the second cutter head part; wherein:
the first cutter head comprises a plurality of spirally arranged first cutting edges, the rotating angles of the first cutting edges are different, and at least one first cutting edge passes through the center; first chip grooves are formed between the adjacent first blades respectively; the front cutter face and the rear cutter face of the first cutter edge are arranged in an arc structure;
the second tool bit part comprises a plurality of spirally arranged second cutting edges, the rotation angles of the second cutting edges are different, second chip grooves are formed between every two adjacent second cutting edges respectively, and the second chip grooves are spirally staggered; the front knife face and the rear knife face of the second knife edge are arranged in an arc structure.
2. The segmented machining resonance-resistant milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein: the segmentation processing anti-resonance milling cutter is an all-tungsten steel milling cutter.
3. The segmented machining resonance-resistant milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein: the first knife head comprises four first knife edges which are spirally arranged, the first knife head is of a cross boomerang structure, and the rotation angle of each first knife edge is 45 degrees;
the second tool bit portion comprises four spirally arranged second cutting edges, the second tool bit portion is of a cross boomerang structure, and the rotating angle of the second cutting edges is 45 degrees.
4. The segmented machining resonance-resistant milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the first blade is downwards sunken to form a crescent groove structure which is a first tooth groove; the top of the second cutting edge is sunken downwards to form a crescent groove structure which is a second tooth groove.
5. The segmented machining resonance-resistant milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the connecting part is equal to that of the first cutter head.
6. The segmented machining resonance-resistant milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein: an avoiding step is arranged between the lower end part of the connecting part and the upper end part of the second cutter head part, and the avoiding step is of an arc-shaped structure.
7. The segmented machining resonance-resistant milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein: the second blade comprises a tooth blade section and a smooth blade section, and the tooth blade section and the smooth blade section are arranged in equal length; the tooth edge section is arranged at the upper end of the second cutter head part, the light edge section is arranged at the lower end of the second cutter head part, and an avoiding inclined plane is arranged at the lower end of the tooth edge section.
8. The segmented machining resonance-resistant milling cutter according to claim 7, wherein: the upper end of the tooth edge section is also provided with a guide section in an integrated forming way.
9. A kidney-shaped hole milling processing technology is characterized in that: the resonance-proof milling cutter for sectional machining according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the kidney-shaped hole includes two pairs of inner arc surfaces at opposite ends;
the outer diameter of the second cutter head part is matched and adapted with the inner diameters of the inner arc positions at two ends, and the inner surface of the inner arc position is machined by directly utilizing the concentric arrangement type rotary machining of the second cutter head part and the inner arc position;
the outer diameter of the first cutter head is smaller than the distance between the two opposite sides, the first cutter head moves to the other end along one end of one pair of sides to machine the inner surfaces of the pair of sides, then moves to one end of the other pair of sides, and moves to the other end along one end of the other pair of sides to machine the inner surfaces of the other pair of sides.
10. The kidney-shaped hole milling machining process according to claim 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the first cutter head of the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter extends into the waist-shaped hole, the extending point corresponds to the front end of the opposite side edge on the left side, and then the first cutter head moves to the rear end along the front end of the opposite side edge on the left side to realize the machining of the inner surface of the opposite side edge on the left side;
step 2: the first cutter head is translated to the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side from the rear end of the opposite side edge on the left side, and then the first cutter head moves to the front end along the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side, so that the inner surface of the opposite side edge on the right side is machined;
and step 3: translating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter to the middle from the left, then translating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter to the inner arc position of the front end forwards, then extending the second cutter head part into the waist-shaped hole, and then performing concentric arrangement type rotary machining on the inner arc position of the front end and the inner arc position of the front end by utilizing the second cutter head part to realize the inner surface machining of the inner arc position of the front end;
and 4, step 4: the second cutter head part is separated from the waist-shaped hole, the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated backwards to the inner arc position of the rear end, the second cutter head part extends into the waist-shaped hole, and then the second cutter head part and the inner arc position of the rear end are concentrically arranged to be rotationally machined, so that the inner surface of the inner arc position of the rear end is machined;
and 5: completely separating the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter from the waist-shaped hole to complete the machining of the inner surface of the waist-shaped hole;
or comprises the following steps:
step 1: the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is stretched into the waist-shaped hole, the stretching point corresponds to the circle center of the inner arc position of the front end, and then the second cutter head part is utilized to perform concentric arrangement type rotary machining on the inner arc position of the front end and the inner arc position of the front end, namely, the inner surface machining of the inner arc position of the front end is realized;
step 2: the second cutter head part is separated from the waist-shaped hole, the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated backwards to the inner arc position of the rear end, the second cutter head part extends into the waist-shaped hole, and then the second cutter head part and the inner arc position of the rear end are concentrically arranged to be rotationally machined, so that the inner surface of the inner arc position of the rear end can be machined;
and step 3: the second cutter head part is separated from the waist-shaped hole, the first cutter head part is still positioned in the waist-shaped hole, then the sectional machining anti-resonance milling cutter is translated to the middle to the left side, at the moment, the first cutter head part corresponds to the front end of the left side opposite to the side edge, and then the first cutter head part moves to the rear end along the front end of the left side opposite to the side edge, so that the inner surface machining of the left side opposite to the side edge is realized;
and 4, step 4: the first cutter head is translated to the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side from the rear end of the opposite side edge on the left side, and then the first cutter head moves to the front end along the rear end of the opposite side edge on the right side, so that the inner surface of the opposite side edge on the right side is machined;
and 5: and (4) completely separating the subsection machining anti-resonance milling cutter from the waist-shaped hole to complete the machining of the inner surface of the waist-shaped hole.
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| CN202111153297.1A CN113857539A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Segmented machining anti-resonance milling cutter and waist-shaped hole milling machining process |
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| CN202111153297.1A CN113857539A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Segmented machining anti-resonance milling cutter and waist-shaped hole milling machining process |
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| CN103600210A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 陈禄 | Slotted hole processing method |
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