CN113845722A - 一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明的提供一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其通过在高分子材料掺杂无机纳米材料，增加塑料的磨擦力。该方法包括：(1)将纳米材料与高分子材料用振动磨共同研磨；(2)利用原子层沉积技术在高分子材料表面修饰无机纳米氧化物，使得高分子材料表面更加粗糙。该技术制备方法简单，所得的产品性能明显高于现有市场的产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料的制备领域，具体地，涉及一种表面修饰的高分子材料的制备方法，并将其用于纺织品的制作。
背景技术
纺织品耐磨性是指纺织品在机械力反复摩擦的作用下，抵抗磨损的能力。纺织品的抗耐磨性对产品的使用时间和使用效果有直接的影响。纺织品在反复机械摩擦作用下表现的磨损现象主要有破损、质量减轻、掉色、起毛起球等。
提高纺织品耐磨性的方法主要是后整理法，织物后整理是将物理和化学方法结合起来，赋予织物某种特定性能的整理。如防护整理：防水、防火、防霉、防油污、防寒、防原子能辐射\防熔融、防起毛起球等。树脂整理可以明显提高织物的耐磨性能。其中，纺织品的助剂是。纺织助剂对提高纺织品的产品质量和附加价值具有不可或缺的重要作用。但是，常规的纺织助剂往往对于织物的耐磨度提升缺乏作用，即使添加有提升耐磨度的化学成分，其作用效果也不显著、所需剂量较大，不能满足纺织品实际生产的需求。例如，中国发明专利(201810887944.3，一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂及其制备方法)提出了制备纺织品专用助剂的技术。但是织物后整理的最大缺陷在于表面的牢固性不高，表现为耐水洗的次数不够。因此，开发出原位改性技术用于提高纺织品耐磨性的方法对提高耐磨性显得更为有效。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的不足，本发明的提供一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其通过在高分子材料掺杂无机纳米材料，增加塑料的磨擦力。该方法包括：(1)将纳米材料与高分子材料用振动磨共同研磨；(2)利用原子层沉积技术在高分子材料表面修饰无机纳米氧化物，使得高分子材料表面更加粗糙。该技术制备方法简单，所得的产品性能明显高于现有市场的产品。
为了实现这样的目的，在本发明的技术方案中，先通过熔融改性制备出具有活性位点的高分子材料，再采用原子层沉积技术进行表面改性，从而得到最终高磨擦纺织品原料。
本发明的方法包括如下步骤：
a.高分子材料的改性
将质量比为100：0-3：0.5-5的高分子材料、纳米粉体材料和助剂充分混合均匀，经过双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出后，造粒，经60℃烘箱干燥5小时。
b.表面改性
以改性料为基础，通过原子层沉积技术沉积一层纳米氧化物得到最终抗菌高磨擦牙刷，其工艺在于：将沉积室真空抽至10-16hPa，基片加热至100-150℃，向沉积室中引入金属气源，用高纯氮气清洗沉积室并向沉积室中引入水蒸气，金属气源、高纯氮气、水蒸气在沉积室内暴露时间依次为0.1s、3s、0.1s、3s。
优选地，上述的步骤a中，高分子材料为丙纶(聚丙烯)、涤纶(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)、锦纶(聚酰胺)中的至少一种。
优选地，上述的步骤a中，纳米粉体粒径为纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化锌、纳米氧化锆中的至少一种。
优选地，上述的步骤a中，纳米粉体粒径为100-1000纳米。
优选地，上述的步骤a中，助剂包括偶联剂、抗氧剂和润滑剂，其中，偶联剂为γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)和3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)中的至少一种；抗氧剂为[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯(1010)、三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯(168)和N,N'-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺(1098)中的至少一种；润滑剂为液体石蜡、硬脂酸锌和聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种。
优选地，上述的步骤b中，金属气源为二乙基锌、三甲基铝、四氯化钛的一种。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
本发明的优点在于：(1)本发明可以大幅度地增强纺织品原料的磨擦性能。(2)本发明制备方法简单，所得的产品性能明显高于现有市场的产品。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
a.高分子材料的改性
将丙纶树脂100份，100纳米二氧化硅10份，KH550偶联剂1份、1010抗氧剂1份、液体石蜡1份，充分混合均匀后，用双螺杆挤出机进行加工，双螺杆挤出机各区的温度为：一区70℃，二区80℃，三区100℃，四区140℃，五区150℃，六区155℃，七区160℃，八区160℃，九区160℃，十区160℃，十一区160℃，十二区160℃，机头155℃，喂料速度：12，挤出机转速：180rpm，造粒后经60℃烘箱干燥5小时。
b.表面改性
将步骤a中的材料置于原子层沉积的沉积室中，真空抽至10hPa-16hPa，基片加热至150℃，向沉积室中引入二乙基锌，用高纯氮气清洗沉积室并向沉积室中引入水蒸气，进行氧化锌沉积循环，二乙基锌、氮气、水蒸气、氮气在沉积室内暴露时间依次为0.1s、3s、0.1s、3s。
检测结果：摩擦值180.3。
实施例2
a.高分子材料的改性
将涤纶树脂100份，500纳米碳酸钙20份，KH570偶联剂1份、168抗氧剂1份、硬脂酸锌1份，充分混合均匀后，用双螺杆挤出机进行加工，双螺杆挤出机各区的温度为：一区80℃，二区100℃，三区120℃，四区170℃，五区180℃，六区190℃，七区210℃，八区210℃，九区210℃，十区210℃，十一区210℃，十二区210℃，机头200℃，喂料速度：12，挤出机转速：205rpm，造粒后经60℃烘箱干燥5小时。
b.表面改性
将步骤a中的材料置于原子层沉积的沉积室中，真空抽至10hPa-16hPa，基片加热至150℃，向沉积室中引入二乙基锌，用高纯氮气清洗沉积室并向沉积室中引入水蒸气，进行氧化锌沉积循环，二乙基锌、氮气、水蒸气、氮气在沉积室内暴露时间依次为0.1s、3s、0.1s、3s。
检测结果：摩擦值160.3。
实施例3
a.高分子材料的改性
将涤纶树脂100份，500纳米氧化锌3份，KH570偶联剂3份、1010抗氧剂1份、168抗氧剂1份、液体石蜡2份，充分混合均匀后，用双螺杆挤出机进行加工，双螺杆挤出机各区的温度为：一区70℃，二区80℃，三区100℃，四区140℃，五区150℃，六区155℃，七区160℃，八区160℃，九区160℃，十区160℃，十一区160℃，十二区160℃，机头155℃，喂料速度：12，挤出机转速：180rpm，造粒后经60℃烘箱干燥5小时。b.表面改性
将步骤a中的材料置于原子层沉积的沉积室中，真空抽至10hPa-16hPa，基片加热至150℃，向沉积室中引入二乙基锌，用高纯氮气清洗沉积室并向沉积室中引入水蒸气，进行氧化锌沉积循环，二乙基锌、氮气、水蒸气、氮气在沉积室内暴露时间依次为0.1s、3s、0.1s、3s。
检测结果：摩擦值245.6。
实施例4
a.高分子材料的改性
将锦纶树脂100份，1000纳米氧化锆1份，KH570偶联剂2份、168抗氧剂1份、硬脂酸锌1份，充分混合均匀后，用双螺杆挤出机进行加工，双螺杆挤出机各区的温度为：一区80℃，二区100℃，三区120℃，四区170℃，五区180℃，六区190℃，七区210℃，八区210℃，九区210℃，十区210℃，十一区210℃，十二区210℃，机头200℃，喂料速度：12，挤出机转速：205rpm，造粒后经60℃烘箱干燥5小时。
b.表面改性
将步骤a中的材料置于原子层沉积的沉积室中，真空抽至10hPa-16hPa，基片加热至150℃，向沉积室中引入四氯化钛，用高纯氮气清洗沉积室并向沉积室中引入水蒸气，进行氧化锌沉积循环，二乙基锌、氮气、水蒸气、氮气在沉积室内暴露时间依次为0.1s、3s、0.1s、3s。
检测结果：摩擦值278.2。
Claims (6)
1.一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其特征在于：
a.高分子材料的改性
将质量比为100：0-3：0.5-5的高分子材料、纳米粉体材料和助剂充分混合均匀，经过双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出后，造粒，经60℃烘箱干燥5小时。
b.表面改性
以改性料为基础，通过原子层沉积技术沉积一层纳米氧化物得到最终抗菌高磨擦牙刷，其工艺在于：将沉积室真空抽至10-16hPa，基片加热至100-150℃，向沉积室中引入金属气源，用高纯氮气清洗沉积室并向沉积室中引入水蒸气，金属气源、高纯氮气、水蒸气在沉积室内暴露时间依次为0.1s、3s、0.1s、3s。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其特征在于：步骤a中，高分子材料为丙纶(聚丙烯)、涤纶(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)、锦纶(聚酰胺)中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其特征在于：步骤a中，纳米粉体粒径为纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化锌、纳米氧化锆中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其特征在于：步骤a中，纳米粉体粒径为100-1000纳米。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其特征在于：步骤a中，助剂包括偶联剂、抗氧剂和润滑剂，其中，偶联剂为γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)和3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)中的至少一种；抗氧剂为[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯(1010)、三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯(168)和N,N'-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺(1098)中的至少一种；润滑剂为液体石蜡、硬脂酸锌和聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高磨擦纺织品原料及其制备方法，其特征在于：步骤b中，金属气源为二乙基锌、三甲基铝、四氯化钛的一种。
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| CN107488300A (zh) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-12-19 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | 一种抗菌高磨擦牙刷制备方法及其产品 |
| CN109577074A (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-05 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | 一种疏水高耐磨纸浆材料的制备方法及其产品 |
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