CN113845229A - Ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof - Google Patents
Ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113845229A CN113845229A CN202111164727.XA CN202111164727A CN113845229A CN 113845229 A CN113845229 A CN 113845229A CN 202111164727 A CN202111164727 A CN 202111164727A CN 113845229 A CN113845229 A CN 113845229A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- wetland
- agricultural
- tail water
- ecological purification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013509 system migration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 50
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 31
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008555 Canna flaccida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001647091 Saxifraga granulata Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009430 construction management Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof, wherein the system comprises a canal system whirling wetland; when water enters, the water enters from the natural water body and flows to the corresponding farmland through the canal system backflow wetland; when the water returns, the agricultural tail water flows from the farmland to the canal system return wetland, and the agricultural tail water is treated in the canal system return wetland and then is discharged to the natural water body. According to the invention, by means of the process idea of the bypass type artificial wetland, an ecological purification system is constructed between the farmland and the natural water system by utilizing the canal system whirling wetland, so that the basic water supply/drainage function of the farmland can be provided, the ecological purification system can also be used as an 'ecological barrier' for communicating natural water bodies with the farmland, the filtering balance of agricultural production water-drained pollutants is realized, and the double safety of agricultural production and peripheral surface water bodies is ensured; the method has the advantages that the method does not occupy extra land space, effectively prolongs the detention time of pollutants in the canal system ecological wetland system, and realizes the recycling of the pollutants in the system through wetland plant growth, cutting and re-utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of treatment of water, wastewater, sewage or sludge, in particular to an ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof.
Background
In a large number of application cases, agricultural planting areas are generally distributed near rivers, and an agricultural irrigation and drainage system is mostly used for directly exchanging water with plain river network water systems. When the agricultural plants are in continuous high-temperature weather in a growing period, the purpose of reducing the temperature of the rice field is achieved by continuous water circulation of the field, the canal system and the river channel, and when the agricultural plants are in low-temperature weather, the purpose of preserving the temperature of the planting area is achieved by directional drainage and irrigation of the field, the canal system and the river channel; this process of farm irrigation management results in the transfer of contaminants between the field irrigation system and the river system.
At present, no direct process control measures for agricultural planting water use and water removal processes exist. In the aspect of agricultural irrigation water management and control, the safety and reliability of an agricultural irrigation water source are generally determined through regional water quality investigation and evaluation and long-term monitoring of river sections or underground water quality monitoring wells, and real-time monitoring of water source pollution indexes cannot be guaranteed due to seasonal water consumption difference in the process of taking water in agricultural production; for the management and control of river-following pollution discharge, mainly aiming at the second industry, the breeding industry and other heavy pollution industries, the adopted measures are generally to strengthen the pollution discharge management, the pollution discharge management aiming at the traditional planting industry focuses on strengthening the management and control of the types and the use amount of agricultural input products, and as the water amount of agricultural production water is huge and the seasonal difference is large, the water quality and the water amount of agricultural return water show periodic non-uniformity, and the unified management through the traditional pollution discharge management means is difficult.
In the prior art, irrigation ditches adopted in planting areas such as rice are mostly of a simple ditch system structure, the side slope is a smooth side slope constructed by soil or cement and the like, the main functions of the irrigation ditches are water flow guide and drainage, seasonal water storage and natural growth of animals and plants in the ditch are realized, and the irrigation ditches do not generally have considerable ecological purification functions.
In recent years, the artificial wetland technology is widely applied to the water quality improvement of the external drainage of the urban sewage treatment plant or the watershed water purification treatment, occupies a whole land with a certain scale for construction, prolongs the hydraulic retention time, removes pollutants in industrial or domestic sewage by using an ecological means, improves the environmental ecological function of an area while reducing the pollution risk, and achieves the pollutant removal target of a limited area system; compared with the sewage purification process which is carried out by water treatment equipment, the artificial wetland technology has obvious advantages in the aspects of energy conservation and emission reduction. However, for an area with limited planning space, the conventional artificial wetland often does not have construction conditions or can not meet the restoration target requirement in the construction scale, the treatment capacity of the conventional wetland is closely related to the construction scale and the design specification, and the operation and maintenance costs after construction, such as economy, time and labor cost, are also closely related to the construction scale and the design specification, so that the technology is mostly applied to systematic basin management projects or mature industrial tail water purification units at present.
In summary, for the agricultural industry, which is relatively scattered in layout and difficult to unify in management scale, but has considerable amount of discharged pollutants and is easy to cause persistent adverse effects on the surrounding water environment, no matter in the aspects of daily operation and maintenance management of the tail water treatment site space and the tail water treatment facility, unified, continuous and reliable manpower and material resource support cannot be provided by referring to the industrial or municipal sewage treatment industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems in the prior art and provides an optimized ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the ecological purification system for the agricultural tail water treatment comprises a canal system whirling wetland;
when water enters, the water enters from the natural water body and flows to the corresponding farmland through the canal system backflow wetland;
when the water returns, the agricultural tail water flows from the farmland to the canal system return wetland, and the agricultural tail water is treated in the canal system return wetland and then is discharged to the natural water body.
Preferably, the canal system migration wetland comprises a main channel, a plurality of channels are arranged in cooperation with the main channel in a space communication mode, one end of the main channel is arranged corresponding to the natural water body, and the branch channels are arranged corresponding to the farmland in cooperation.
In the invention, when water is fed, such as irrigation, water is pumped by a pump station to keep a main channel at a high water level, water is introduced into branch channels of a canal system return wetland by utilizing a water head difference and is fully distributed in a farmland irrigation canal network, and the water channels are wholly horizontal or slightly inclined towards the water distribution direction; when the agricultural return water is returned, the water level of the main channel is reduced to be at a low water level, the agricultural return water is discharged after being sequentially gathered into the branch channel and the main channel, and the whole water channel is horizontal or slightly inclined towards the water distribution direction.
In the invention, if a rainstorm condition occurs, irrigation is not performed before and after the rainstorm, the water level of the main channel can be reduced through drainage guide at the tail end of the pump station, and the water level stability is realized.
According to the invention, the requirement of maintaining proper hydraulic retention time can be realized in the canal system return wetland, and the water is returned to the river channel through a pump station after being cleared, or is recycled for farmland irrigation.
Preferably, the main channel and any one of the branch channels comprise a base and blocking bodies obliquely arranged upwards on two sides of the base;
the connecting part of the main channel and the branch channel is communicated through a guide row gate opening space, and a gabion is arranged in the main channel outside the guide row gate opening;
and a plurality of water inlet and outlet pipes of the branch channel penetrate through the blocking body of the branch channel and respectively correspond to the farmland.
In the invention, the main channel and the branch channel are both set to be in the form of V-shaped grooves, and the base is set to be in different forms to distinguish the main channel from the branch channel and complete different functions in ecological purification.
According to the invention, the gabion for fixing the guide and drainage gate opening is arranged at the water inlet and outlet of the main channel, so that the agricultural water-removing can slowly seep and flow back to the river channel in daily life, and the water-removing process can be accelerated by lifting the guide and drainage gate opening in the strong water-removing process.
Preferably, a skeleton material layer is laid at the bottom in a groove formed by the base of the branch channel and the two baffles, and a plant body layer used for repairing agricultural tail water is arranged in the groove on the skeleton material layer.
Preferably, the bottom of any water inlet and outlet pipe is arranged above the framework material layer.
In the invention, the framework material is filled below the water inlet and outlet pipe, so that the water level is higher than the framework material in a short period in the water inlet process, the strong precipitation process and the waterlogging drainage process, and the water level is not higher than the upper limit of the framework material in the normal water outlet process.
Preferably, the gabion at the bottom of the drainage guide gate is flush with the upper surface of the framework material layer.
According to the invention, the height of the gabion at the bottom of the guide and drainage gate opening is consistent with that of the top of the framework material layer, so that the framework material layer is prevented from being washed to generate displacement.
According to the invention, the control of the guide bar gate can be manually selected according to the field requirements, and when the system is complicated and has a large range, the control can be realized through an automatic numerical control system, which is a content easily understood by a person skilled in the art, and the person skilled in the art can set the gate according to the requirements.
Preferably, the root system, the microorganisms and the algae of one or more than one plant layer arranged in parallel are distributed in the skeleton material layer along the branch channel.
Preferably, an empty groove is formed in the base of the branch channel, a basal layer and a plain soil layer are filled in the empty groove from top to bottom, and the basal layer is an organic matter and a basal layer.
Preferably, the skeleton material layer is formed by connecting one or more skeleton material layers arranged in parallel in series along the branch channel.
In the invention, the material in the framework material layer can be selected from natural, regenerated and polymer materials with multiple gaps, and is determined by combining environmental management factors such as water quality requirements of inlets and outlets, construction range and engineering cost, for example, the natural material includes but is not limited to gravel, volcanic rock and the like, the regenerated material includes but is not limited to permeable brick, regenerated broken stone and the like, and the polymer material includes but is not limited to polymer adsorption monomer and the like.
According to the invention, the internal plant root system and the framework material of the framework material layer provide an attachment space for microorganisms and algae, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants can be adsorbed in the growth process of aerobic microorganisms and algae, organic matters in the environment are decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms, ions required by plant growth are generated, and the framework material is a core reaction unit of the whole system; generally, an area 10-60cm in thickness of the framework material layer is an aerobic area, an area 60cm-1.5m in depth can generate oxygen deficiency and anaerobism, and the anaerobism generally occurs at the bottom of the framework material layer; according to the reconstruction depth of the irrigation canal, aerobic-anoxic reactions are mainly used in the designed framework material layer, and the specific reactions need to be determined by combining the design depth and the design purpose.
In the plant body layer, the plants absorb small molecules generated by decomposition of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters through roots, and the growth of the plants is kept vigorous by regularly cutting and mowing, so that pollutants passing through the system are continuously extracted and removed;
the basic layer of the branch channel mainly has the function of providing basic organic matters for the system, has certain requirements on stable structure, and can generate oxygen deficiency or anaerobic reaction according to the design thickness of the framework material layer, and the requirement is determined.
In the invention, plants, microorganisms, algae and the framework material layer on the framework material layer have the function of repairing the agricultural tail water, but the physicochemical reaction mechanisms in the process are different; the plant-framework material-microorganism system is in dynamic change, and system influence factors comprise temperature, precipitation, pollutant concentration, illumination and plant growth state, so that physical, chemical and biological reactions in the system are in dynamic change all the time.
In the present invention, further, the skeleton material layer and the plant body layer are overlapped with each other with a high probability, for example, the root system of the plant body layer may extend into the skeleton material layer, and the upper part or the surface layer of the skeleton material layer is different from the overlapping thickness of the root system of the plant and the algae according to the plant species.
The application of the ecological purification system for removing nitrogen and phosphorus from the agricultural tail water is characterized in that in the spring irrigation period, the agricultural backwater amount is small, the pollutant concentration is high, and the backwater exceeding a preset proportion is migrated in a framework material when being discharged outside to form an undercurrent wetland;
in summer and autumn, the agricultural water-returning amount is large, the pollutant concentration is low, and water-returning exceeding a preset proportion is discharged to the surface of the framework material to form surface flow;
the application of the undercurrent-surface current autonomous conversion is realized.
According to the invention, on the basis of process optimization and adjustment, on the basis of the constructed wetland purification concept, the contents of three layers of ecological improvement of a farmland irrigation system, farmland drainage design and farmland drainage ecological purification are fused, and through the fusion design, the wetland realizes purification function switching in the processes of high-concentration, small-amount agricultural drainage and low-concentration large-amount drainage, so that the method is the combined optimization of agricultural production and ecological functions.
In the invention, the discharged water in spring irrigation period basically migrates in the framework material, and in summer and autumn due to irrigation cooling or strong precipitation weather, the discharged water is basically on the surface of the framework material, and the specific amount or height of the discharged water is easily understood by those skilled in the art, and can be controlled by those skilled in the art according to requirements.
In the invention, the canal system can also form an ecological pond when crops in the canal system are in a high water level flooding state in the growing period.
The invention is based on the application principle of the river channel bypass type artificial wetland technology, fully utilizes the irrigation canal of the rice planting area to reconstruct the canal system return flow wetland, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the method has the advantages that the agricultural planting area, such as a rice planting area, is reconstructed by utilizing a circulating irrigation area which is in four-way and eight-reach, a large-range land is not occupied or a wetland is not required to be reconstructed, reconstruction is performed on the basis of the original canal system, the limitation of land use and construction is overcome, the hydraulic retention time can be effectively prolonged, and efficient removal of characteristic pollutants is realized through the combination of filtering monomers and purifying plants in different sections;
(2) by adopting the purification concept of the bypass wetland, the water quality purification is realized in the irrigation water inflow and farmland return water outflow processes, an ecological barrier is formed between a natural water system and a farmland water system, the continuous and slow pollution of farmland return water to the surrounding river water environment is reduced, and the risk resistance of agricultural production is improved when irrigation water sources suffer sudden pollution;
(3) based on the local meteorological hydrological conditions and the general industrial drainage characteristics of the agricultural production area, technical parameter adjustment is carried out on the migration wetland, and the autonomous conversion of subsurface flow and surface flow is realized in the same system according to actual conditions; the method is characterized in that pollutants in agricultural tail water and primary rain runoff are intercepted and purified effectively by a horizontal undercurrent type reflow wetland in a normal operation stage of the wetland, the reflow wetland is converted into a surface flow form under a rainstorm condition, most pollutants are removed, and simultaneously, drainage is guaranteed in time, and after a filtering monomer is blocked (water return overload), the reflow wetland is gradually converted into the surface flow wetland;
(4) the constructed wetlands have the problem of blockage, and the wetland reconstruction direction can be determined according to the industrial requirements after the horizontal undercurrent type backflow wetland filtering monomers are blocked; for the production area gradually reconstructed into high-standard organic agriculture, the inward-stable state of the whirling wetland is gradually formed in the process, so that the virtuous cycle of industrial water can be still guaranteed after the filtering monomer is blocked; for an agricultural production area with high tail water quality purification requirement, only partial sections need to be replaced and filled with filtering monomers, and due to the linear structure of the whirling wetland, the process operation is also suitable for reconstruction of a large wetland.
The invention relates to an optimized ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof.A channel system whirling wetland is utilized to construct an ecological purification system between a farmland and a natural water system by using a process idea of a bypass type artificial wetland, so that not only can a basic water supply/drainage function of the farmland be provided, but also the ecological purification system can be used as an 'ecological barrier' for communicating a natural water body with the farmland, the filtering balance of agricultural production water-drained pollutants is realized, and the double safety of agricultural production and peripheral surface water bodies is ensured; the method has the advantages that the method does not occupy extra land space, effectively prolongs the detention time of pollutants in the canal system ecological wetland system, and realizes the recycling of the pollutants in the system through wetland plant growth, cutting and re-utilization.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method effectively removes harmful substances in the agricultural wastewater, including but not limited to COD \ BOD reduction, SS degradation, nitrogen and phosphorus removal and total coliform group digestion, and solves the problem that the river is continuously polluted after the agricultural tail water is discharged;
(2) the irrigation water is filtered in the irrigation guiding process, so that the capability of resisting sudden pollution risks in an agricultural production area is improved;
(3) the system structure of the canal system backflow wetland is flexible in land use and is widely suitable for agricultural production areas with insufficient river-following space and intensive cultivated land resources;
(4) the operation and maintenance cost is low, the drainage process of the canal system backflow wetland is guided by gravity, wetland plants can be cut and cleared in the field management process of crops, and the requirement on the comprehensive capability of personnel is not high;
(5) the operation period is long, the horizontal subsurface flow function of the canal system return flow wetland can last for 5-10 years and is not equal in view of the water quality characteristics of inlet and outlet water in an agricultural area, and the canal system return flow wetland is subsequently converted into a surface flow wetland and still has a continuous purification function;
(6) the migration wetland can increase the ecological function of the current agricultural ditch, improve the biological activity of the current agricultural ditch, effectively prevent water body siltation and rancidity, enhance the ecological landscape and improve the overall impression of an agricultural production area.
The invention carries out the reconstruction of artificial wetland on the agricultural irrigation channel, fills the blank of the ecological purification process of the agricultural tail water, and provides a linear channel system return flow wetland; through global system layout and design detail adjustment of structural functions, the whirling type wetland has remarkable advantages in the aspects of occupied space, power conditions, purification effect and operation and maintenance management; after the space barriers of the artificial wetland are broken, enhanced type backflow wetland research and development can be carried out based on technical innovation and process adjustment, so that the enhanced type backflow wetland is used for various links of water pollution classification treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention during water intake, with the arrows indicating the water intake direction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention during the process of water removal, with the arrows showing the direction of water removal;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main channel of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a branch channel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention relates to an optimized ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof, which realizes the connection relation of bidirectional water quality ecological purification, and utilizes the process that irrigation water circulates in farmland-canal system backflow wetland-natural water body (river channel) to remove pollutants in the link of water in canal system backflow wetland; the pollution discharge management of agricultural water return and the water inlet safety management idea of irrigation water are provided from the aspect of functions; the method is different from the traditional wetland channel system wetland in process, the applicability and the friendliness of the artificial wetland purification process to the planned space compact area are improved, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged through the linear wetland construction, the pollutant removal efficiency is improved, and the service life of the wetland is prolonged.
The invention relates to an ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment, which comprises a canal system whirling wetland, wherein the canal system whirling wetland comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; when water enters, the water enters from the natural water body and flows to the corresponding farmland 1 through the canal system backflow wetland; when the water returns, the agricultural tail water flows from the farmland 1 to the canal system return wetland, and the agricultural tail water is treated in the canal system return wetland and then is discharged to the natural water body.
In the invention, the design of the system comprises two levels:
(1) construction design of canal system backflow wetland
The elevation of the bottom of the canal system needs to be adjusted by fully utilizing the terrain and the topography, the water flow guiding direction is planned, the length of the canal system is fully utilized to prolong the hydraulic retention time, the area of a stagnant water area is reduced, and the environment quality of the wetland is ensured;
(2) the functional design of the internal structure of the canal system backflow wetland comprises the following steps:
material and specification design of skeleton material layer 2
The framework material is generally a natural or artificial porous material, has the adsorption characteristic, can directly adsorb pollutants, and provides a growth space for microorganisms, and all materials have the upper limit of adsorption capacity; because the substances adsorbed by the material can be desorbed under the complex environmental conditions, the filtering monomer is mainly used for retaining pollutants in the system and providing raw materials for subsequent absorption by microorganisms and plants;
design of filling amount of framework material layer 2
The filling of the framework material reduces the area of the water passing section of the channel to a certain extent, prolongs the hydraulic retention time, reduces the design flow of the channel system, and increases the risk of the farmland suffering from flooding, so that the filling height, the grading, the filling compactness and the filling length of the filtering monomers need to be matched with the irrigation and drainage conditions of the farmland 1 for hydrological measurement and calculation;
③ design of wetland microorganism-plant
Most of the adsorption of the framework material is non-directional, so for removing characteristic pollutants in certain agricultural production areas, plants need to be repaired by matching wetlands by utilizing the specific absorption characteristics of the plants; besides, the method is constructed based on a plant system, and induces the formation of a primary microbial community which mainly adsorbs characteristic pollutants in the wetland.
In the invention, the construction of the ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment comprises the following steps:
in the water quality monitoring and water quantity estimation link, local water supply, drainage and circulating water quality are investigated and sampled based on the water use characteristics in the paddy field planting process, both the substrate and the soil cultivation investigation are considered, and meanwhile, the water use amount in the test period is estimated to ensure the process water use;
site planning, namely screening test areas according to a test plan and site conditions, and mainly inspecting the contents such as area, terrain, water source supply relation and the like;
the construction method is analogized and selected, analogized to the constructed wetland construction technology, and a flowing-back wetland system frame is constructed by imitating the structure-water flow system mode of an undercurrent wetland (SSF), a free surface Flow Wetland (FWS) and an ecological pool;
designing a preliminary scheme, namely designing and designing the area, the shape, the water depth and the plant planting scheme of a test area based on field planning and a construction method;
designing a construction layout, and based on the preliminary design, deeply designing the elevation of a paddy field/stacked field, a water supply/drainage line, water level control, plant partition planting and the like;
and checking function estimation/design rationality, estimating a function effect according to a design scheme, estimating a theoretical value of the rationality of the scheme design, comparing and checking with the expected function effect, and adjusting and correcting the design.
In the invention, the construction and operation research stage of the ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment comprises the following steps:
constructing a migration wetland system, constructing each functional area of the migration wetland according to a construction configuration diagram, fully ensuring the flood control and waterlogging drainage performance of a channel on the basis of original engineering design, and reconstructing the channel by using an imitation surface flow wetland to improve the pollutant purification performance of the channel; the construction content comprises the construction of a filtering monomer (unit division and filter material filling), the culture of microorganisms and the planting of plants;
after the construction is finished, the system is put into a trial run, and the main task in the initial stage of the trial run is to confirm the connectivity of a channel and the structural stability of the system and adopt necessary engineering measures for adjustment and perfection; after the purified water quantity and the water quality of the system are stable, performing a purification capacity upper limit test for 3-5 days, and treating the tail end effluent by a water quality adjusting unit of a project through one-time quantitative feeding of concentrated agricultural effluent;
sampling at fixed points at intervals during the test run, monitoring the total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen concentration as a mark pollutant on site in real time, synchronously collecting a water sample and a substrate sample at a characteristic point position for inspection, and determining the stable state and the upper limit of the purification capacity of the system according to the change rule of the characteristic pollutant;
and after the system stably operates, water, soil and plant samples of each section are collected and the plants are cut and mown. The monitoring content comprises regular monitoring of the stability of the repairing effect and function fluctuation difference monitoring before and after special meteorological conditions;
evaluating the purification effect and function of the migration wetland, performing statistical analysis according to monitoring data of the system in the operation stage, determining the purification effect of the system, performing comparative analysis with a design prejudgment result, and summarizing the design and construction management process; and analyzing influence factors for strengthening the system function by combining process comparison, unit composition difference comparison and plant planting system comparison.
The canal system migration wetland comprises a main channel 3, a plurality of branch channels 4 are arranged in the main channel 3 in a matched mode in a space communication mode, one end of the main channel 3 corresponds to a natural water body, and the branch channels 4 correspond to farmlands 1 in a matched mode.
The main channel 3 and any branch channel 4 comprise a base 5 and blocking bodies 6 which are obliquely arranged upwards on two sides of the base 5;
the joint of the main channel 3 and the branch channel 4 is spatially communicated through a guide gate opening 7, and a gabion 8 is arranged in the main channel 3 outside the guide gate opening 7;
a plurality of water inlet and outlet pipes 9 of the branch channel 4 penetrate through the blocking body 6 of the branch channel 4 and respectively correspond to the farmland 1.
A skeleton material layer 2 is laid at the bottom in a groove formed by the base 5 of the branch channel 4 and the two blocking bodies 6, and a plant body layer 10 used for repairing agricultural tail water is arranged in the groove on the skeleton material layer 2.
The bottom of any water inlet and outlet pipe 9 is arranged above the framework material layer 2.
And a gabion 8 at the bottom of the guide row gate 7 is flush with the upper surface of the framework material layer 2.
One or more plant roots, microorganisms and algae of the plant body layer 10 arranged in parallel are distributed in the framework material layer 2 along the branch channel 4.
An empty groove 11 is formed in the base of the branch channel 4, a basal layer 12 and a plain soil layer 13 are filled in the empty groove 11 from top to bottom, and the basal layer 12 is an organic matter and a basal layer.
The framework material layer 2 is formed by one or a plurality of framework material layers 2 arranged in parallel in series along the branch channel 4.
The invention also relates to the application of the ecological purification system for removing nitrogen and phosphorus from the agricultural tail water, and in spring irrigation, the agricultural return water amount is less, the pollutant concentration is high, and the return water exceeding a preset proportion migrates in a framework material when being discharged outside to form an undercurrent wetland;
in summer and autumn, the agricultural water-returning amount is large, the pollutant concentration is low, and water-returning exceeding a preset proportion is discharged to the surface of the framework material to form surface flow;
the application of the undercurrent-surface current autonomous conversion is realized.
In the invention, water is pumped by a pump station 14 when water is fed, the main channel 3 is kept at a high water level, water is led into the branch channels 4 of the canal system return wetland by utilizing the water head difference, and the irrigation canal network of the farmland 1 is fully covered.
The first embodiment is as follows:
economic crops: a municipal flower planting section;
the structure of the backflow wetland comprises: the framework material layer 2 is mainly made of regenerated broken stone and is mixed with volcanic rock with the mass percentage of 5% -10%; the filler is filled in two layers, the total filling thickness is 40-60cm, the particle sizes are respectively 6-12mm and 12-36mm, the roundness is moderate, and the sorting is excellent;
mating plants: planting canna, rhizoma alismatis, saxifrage and the like in a slicing manner;
the design requirement is as follows: water quality at a wetland water inlet (flower water discharge) IV (GB 3838-2002) and water quality at a wetland water outlet (river water quality) III;
purification effect (contaminant removal rate): COD 30% -40%, SS 50% -60%, NH3-N50% -60%, TP 10% -20%, total coliform bacteria 70% -90%.
Example two:
economic crops: a rice planting area;
the structure of the backflow wetland comprises: the framework material layer 2 mainly comprises volcanic rock, the filler is filled in two layers, the total filling thickness is 20-40cm, the grain diameters are 6-12mm and 30-60mm respectively, the roundness is moderate, and the sorting is good;
mating plants: planting reed and cane shoot in slices;
the design requirement is as follows: the water quality of a wetland water inlet (rice field water return) is poor V type (GB 3838-2002), and the water quality of a wetland water outlet (river water quality) is IV type;
purification effect (contaminant removal rate): 35-45% of COD, 40-60% of SS and NH340-50% of-N, 40-50% of TP and 70-90% of total coliform group.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment, which is characterized in that: the system comprises a canal system whirling wetland;
when water enters, the water enters from the natural water body and flows to the corresponding farmland through the canal system backflow wetland;
when the water returns, the agricultural tail water flows from the farmland to the canal system return wetland, and the agricultural tail water is treated in the canal system return wetland and then is discharged to the natural water body.
2. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the canal system migration wetland comprises a main channel, a plurality of branch channels are arranged in cooperation with the main channel in a space communication mode, one end of the main channel is arranged corresponding to a natural water body, and the branch channels are arranged corresponding to the farmland in a matching mode.
3. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the main channel and any branch channel comprise a base and blocking bodies which are arranged on two sides of the base in an inclined upward direction;
the connecting part of the main channel and the branch channel is communicated through a guide row gate opening space, and a gabion is arranged in the main channel outside the guide row gate opening;
and a plurality of water inlet and outlet pipes of the branch channel penetrate through the blocking body of the branch channel and respectively correspond to the farmland.
4. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a skeleton material layer is laid at the bottom in the groove formed by the base of the branch channel and the two blocking bodies, and a plant body layer for repairing agricultural tail water is arranged in the groove on the skeleton material layer.
5. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the bottom of any water inlet and outlet pipe is arranged above the framework material layer.
6. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the gabion at the bottom of the guide row gate is flush with the upper surface of the framework material layer.
7. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: one or more than one plant layer roots, microorganisms and algae are distributed in the skeleton material layer along the branch channel.
8. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: an empty groove is formed in the base of the branch channel, a basal layer and a plain soil layer are filled in the empty groove from top to bottom, and the basal layer is an organic matter and a basal layer.
9. The ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the skeleton material layer is one or a plurality of kinds of skeleton material layers arranged in parallel in series along the branch channel.
10. Use of an ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: in spring irrigation, the agricultural backwater amount is small, the pollutant concentration is high, and the backwater exceeding a preset proportion is migrated in the framework material when being discharged outside to form an undercurrent wetland;
in summer and autumn, the agricultural water-returning amount is large, the pollutant concentration is low, and water-returning exceeding a preset proportion is discharged to the surface of the framework material to form surface flow;
the application of the undercurrent-surface current autonomous conversion is realized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111164727.XA CN113845229A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111164727.XA CN113845229A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113845229A true CN113845229A (en) | 2021-12-28 |
Family
ID=78977436
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111164727.XA Pending CN113845229A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113845229A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100119143A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-09 | 이동준 | Purifying apparatus for incoming water on agriculture irrigation channel |
| CN105731656A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 上海交通大学 | Alga-rich trench system for farmland tail water treatment and treatment method |
| US20180037482A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2018-02-08 | Photon Eco-Capture Pty Ltd | Super-large scale photon capture bioreactor for water purification and operation method therefor |
| CN108483670A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of stage farmland hard Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation canal |
| CN110862152A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-03-06 | 东华大学 | High-efficiency ecological purification system for farmland drainage |
| CN112358053A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-12 | 沈阳大学 | Composite ecological treatment method for intercepting farmland drainage pollutants |
-
2021
- 2021-09-30 CN CN202111164727.XA patent/CN113845229A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100119143A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-09 | 이동준 | Purifying apparatus for incoming water on agriculture irrigation channel |
| US20180037482A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2018-02-08 | Photon Eco-Capture Pty Ltd | Super-large scale photon capture bioreactor for water purification and operation method therefor |
| CN105731656A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 上海交通大学 | Alga-rich trench system for farmland tail water treatment and treatment method |
| CN108483670A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of stage farmland hard Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation canal |
| CN110862152A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-03-06 | 东华大学 | High-efficiency ecological purification system for farmland drainage |
| CN112358053A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-12 | 沈阳大学 | Composite ecological treatment method for intercepting farmland drainage pollutants |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2020103451A4 (en) | Method for landscape water body regulation and ecological purification of urban and peripheral high-water-table coal mining subsidence areas | |
| CN103880257B (en) | The ecologic assemblage treatment process of a kind of rural area decentralized type sewage and device | |
| CN100415662C (en) | System and process for sawage treating with baffling wet land filtering tank and rateral underflow wet land bed | |
| CN205313193U (en) | System for purifying micro -polluted water flowing to reservoirs (lakes) and repairing ecological wetlands | |
| CN101921042B (en) | Alternate combined wetland system and method for efficiently removing nitrogen and phosphorus in urban wastewater | |
| CN101012643A (en) | Construction method of ecological bank slope effectively removing area-source pollution fleetly | |
| CN100595169C (en) | Ecological system for water purification and recover | |
| CN111704241A (en) | Partitioned circulating soil infiltration system | |
| CN102583764B (en) | Combined packing multistage terrace type vertical flow constructed wetland sewage treatment method | |
| CN103641282B (en) | Method for performing surface slow-rate infiltration land treatment on rural domestic wastewater | |
| CN113461265A (en) | Step soil infiltration system for treating rural domestic sewage | |
| CN108147618B (en) | Unpowered riverside water ecological maintenance purification treatment system | |
| CN1657440A (en) | Four-segment type sewage treatment system for dispersed residences | |
| CN210711144U (en) | Modularized backwashing constructed wetland device | |
| CN113845229A (en) | Ecological purification system for agricultural tail water treatment and application thereof | |
| CN113026900B (en) | Wetland purification system and method suitable for rural non-point source pollution in Taihu lake region | |
| CN104743735A (en) | Ecological treatment system and method for miscellaneously drained water of individual farmers | |
| CN212198707U (en) | Double-kidney type subsurface flow root system purification wetland structure | |
| CN205367891U (en) | Rural sewage treatment system of little anaerobism | |
| CN105110474B (en) | A kind of landscape type village sewage is collected and processing system | |
| CN212102457U (en) | Urban heavily polluted river water ecological restoration simulation device | |
| CN210421033U (en) | Slope farmland runoff pollution retaining system | |
| CN211056802U (en) | Compound pollution type branch creek water body dynamic treatment structure before confluence | |
| Nikolić et al. | Wetlands, constructed wetlands and theirs role in wastewater treatment with principles and examples of using it in Serbia | |
| CN114368871A (en) | Rural ecological wetland environment protection construction method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20211228 |