CN113842472A - 一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料及其制备方法。所述材料通过以下方法制备而成：首先制备原花青素磷脂复合物，以其为特殊磷脂来源，通过薄膜分散法与超声法结合制备脂质体，脂质体制备完成后在体系中缓慢滴加HAuCl4溶液并持续搅拌一定时间制备原花青素修饰脂质体@金纳米复合材料。在反应过程中，超声输入功率为20%‑60%，时间为1‑6 min，HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为5:1,1:1以及1:5，反应时间为2‑6 h。本发明的特点是以原花青素为绿色还原剂制备金纳粒子，在此基础上通过金纳米粒子对于脂质体表面的修饰作用可制备具有良好光热作用及药物分子可控释放作用的红松原花青素修饰脂质体@金纳米复合材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物载体领域，特别涉及脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
脂质体作为公认生物相容性优良的药物载体，其尺寸介于50nm～200nm之间更有利于装载药物分子，同时又不宜被生物体免疫系统清除最初由Bangham及其同事建立了现代膜系统，目前，脂质体已经作为优良的纳米载体应用于医学、药学以及化妆品行业的研究。在化妆品行业中，由于脂质体本身含有不饱和脂肪酸以及拥有装载护肤保湿物质的性质，所以可以增加对皮肤的锁水活性。在医学药学领域中，脂溶性药物分子和水溶性药物分子可以同时装载进脂质体内部。为了增加脂质体对靶向细胞的作用时间，同时减少储存过程中药物泄露的问题，通常需要对构成脂质体的组件进行设计和改良。一般条件下，常见的对脂质体修饰主要有以下三种方式：(1)磷脂分子中添加少量的胆固醇分子，胆固醇的存在一方面增强脂质体空间的有效位阻，提高脂质体的动力学稳定性；另一方面优化脂质体在血清中的通透性；(2)脂质体外表面修饰分子量不同的高分子PEG同样能够改善脂质体稳定性的问题，在一定程度上 PEG 还可以帮助脂质体形成药物分子的通道，实现包封物高效率的包封和低效率的泄露，但同时带来了新的毒性影响。高分子PEG修饰的脂质体包封物释放问题仍有待完善；(3)在脂质体水性核内、双层膜中的疏水部分以及脂质体膜外，进行金属纳米颗粒的修饰或包覆，不仅能够有效保护脂质体，同时还能够提供多功能的检测和治疗癌症的手段。而只有当在脂质体外面包覆金属纳米颗粒时，局部光热效果才最显著。
发明内容
为了克服上述不足，本发明首先以原花青素为绿色还原剂制备金纳粒子，在此基础上通过金纳米粒子对于脂质体表面的修饰作用制备具有良好光热作用及药物分子可控释放作用的原花青素修饰脂质体@金纳米复合材料。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
所述脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备过程中，首先制备原花青素磷脂复合物，通过薄膜分散法与超声法结合制备脂质体，脂质体制备完成后在其表面修饰金纳米粒子。在复合材料制备过程中设置超声输入功率为20%-60%，时间为1-6 min，HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为10:1-1:1，反应时间为2-6 h。
一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备原花青素磷脂复合物，取适量原花青素及磷脂溶解于乙醇和四氢呋喃的混合液中，在20-60℃范围内恒温搅拌1-4 h，反应体系浓缩冷冻干燥。
（2）制备脂质体，配置磷脂、胆固醇及吐温80溶解于氯仿溶液中，浓缩蒸发溶液至薄膜形成，取去离子水水合薄膜，设置超声输入功率20-60%，时间1-6 min。
（3）制备脂质体@金纳米复合材料，设置HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为5:1,1:1以及1:5，将HAuCl4溶液逐滴加入脂质体悬浮液中，设置反应时间为2-6 h，制备完成之后离心并用去离子水冲洗收集纳米粒子。
本发明的有益效果在于：
（1）本发明提供了一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料。脂质体膜外进行金属纳米颗粒的修饰，不仅能够有效保护脂质体，同时还能够提供多功能的检测和治疗癌症的手段。而只有当在脂质体外面包覆金属纳米颗粒时，局部光热效果显著，在生物医学等领域具有很大应用前景。
（2）本发明制备方法简单、控释效率高、实用性强，易于推广。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为本发明实施例1、2、3中金纳米粒子的透射电镜（TEM）；
图2为本发明实施1、2、3中脂质体@金纳米复合材料的X射线衍射图谱（XRD）。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本申请使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
实施例1
一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备原花青素磷脂复合物，取适量原花青素及磷脂溶解于乙醇和四氢呋喃的混合液中，在20℃范围内恒温搅拌1 h，反应体系浓缩冷冻干燥。
（2）制备脂质体，配置磷脂、胆固醇及吐温80溶解于氯仿溶液中，浓缩蒸发溶液至薄膜形成，取去离子水水合薄膜，设置超声输入功率30%，时间2 min。
（3）制备脂质体@金纳米复合材料，设置HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为5:1，将HAuCl4溶液逐滴加入脂质体悬浮液中，设置反应时间为2 h，制备完成之后离心并用去离子水冲洗收集纳米粒子。
实施例2
一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备原花青素磷脂复合物，取适量原花青素及磷脂溶解于乙醇和四氢呋喃的混合液中，在40℃范围内恒温搅拌2 h，反应体系浓缩冷冻干燥。
（2）制备脂质体，配置磷脂、胆固醇及吐温80溶解于氯仿溶液中，浓缩蒸发溶液至薄膜形成，取去离子水水合薄膜，设置超声输入功率40%，时间4 min。
（3）制备脂质体@金纳米复合材料，设置HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为1:1，将HAuCl4溶液逐滴加入脂质体悬浮液中，设置反应时间为4 h，制备完成之后离心并用去离子水冲洗收集纳米粒子。
实施例3
一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备原花青素磷脂复合物，取适量原花青素及磷脂溶解于乙醇和四氢呋喃的混合液中，在35℃范围内恒温搅拌4 h，反应体系浓缩冷冻干燥。
（2）制备脂质体，配置磷脂、胆固醇及吐温80溶解于氯仿溶液中，浓缩蒸发溶液至薄膜形成，取去离子水水合薄膜，设置超声输入功率30%，时间3 min。
（3）制备脂质体@金纳米复合材料，设置HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为1:1，将HAuCl4溶液逐滴加入脂质体悬浮液中，设置反应时间为6 h，制备完成之后离心并用去离子水冲洗收集纳米粒子。
Claims (4)
1.一种脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，脂质体的外层修饰通过原花青素还原制备的金纳米粒子，其中，超声输入功率为20-60%，时间为1-6 min，HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为5:1,1:1以及1:5，反应时间为2-6 h。
2.如权利要求1所述脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，脂质体的外层修饰通过原花青素还原制备的金纳米粒子，其中，超声输入功率为20%，时间为2 min，HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为10:1，反应时间为2 h。
3.如权利要求1所述脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，脂质体的外层修饰通过原花青素还原制备的金纳米粒子，其中，超声输入功率为40%，时间为4 min，HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为1:1，反应时间为4 h。
4.如权利要求1所述脂质体@金纳米复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，脂质体的外层修饰通过原花青素还原制备的金纳米粒子，其中，超声输入功率为60%，时间为6 min，HAuCl4与原花青素的摩尔比为1:5，反应时间为6 h。
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