CN113841889A - 一种细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素 - Google Patents
一种细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素。该功能性营养素含有营养供能组分75‑85份、机能调节组分10‑15份、辅助组分5‑10份和无机盐类物质1‑2份。本发明的功能性营养素含有了机体所需求的营养功能成分,并且验证了这些营养组分可以通过表皮细胞进行吸收,为进一步开发新的营养吸收产品例如外用的营养贴,奠定了基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素。
背景技术
现阶段,食品行业正在快速地发展,随着不同环境的变化,人类对于营养物质的吸收有了更多方面的需求,例如在高温环境、高原环境、战争状态、航天环境等多种特殊环境下,这时候人类的机体处于生理应激状态或长期受到物理或化学因素的不良刺激,此时通过直接食用食物的方式来吸收营养就会存在局限性。这时,人们期望有通过食用方式以外的方式来吸收营养,这也是目前国际食品行业的颠覆性技术新的研究方向。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素,为人体营养的吸收增加了途径。
本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素,含有营养供能组分75-85份、机能调节组分10-15份、辅助组分5-10份和无机盐类物质1-2份;
其中,营养供能组分的组成为:碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维;碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维的质量比为4-8:2-6:2-6:1-3。
所述碳水化合物为葡萄糖,蛋白质为小麦低聚肽或麦胚清蛋白,脂肪为短链脂肪酸甘油酯(短链脂肪酸甘油酯为丁酸甘油酯或己酸甘油酯),膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖。
所述机能调节组分的组成为支链氨基酸、谷氨酰胺、牛磺酸、肌酸;支链氨基酸、谷氨酰胺、牛磺酸、肌酸的质量比为17-20:40-45:1-3:35-45。
所述支链氨基酸为质量比2:1:1的亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸。
所述辅助组分为质量比1:1的油酸、甘油;无机盐类物质为质量比1:1的氯化钠、葡萄糖酸钠。
本发明的细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素制备时将各组分混匀即可。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益技术效果是:
1、本发明功能性营养素中含有营养供能组分、机能调节组分,这些组分可以提供机体所需求的各项营养。营养供能组分中的葡萄糖是吸收最快的单糖之一,是人体80%碳水化合物的最终吸收形式,麦胚清蛋白是通过调节线粒体ATP代谢途径,可提高细胞活性能,为持续功能提供了保障,同时也兼顾有提高免疫功能;短链脂肪酸甘油酯主要是丁酸甘油酯和己酸甘油酯,它们的平均热值分别是2511KJ/g和2913KJ/g,细胞吸收后主要是以游离脂肪酸形式扩散到血液中而不经过淋巴循环,因而供能快,并且维持大肠的正常功能和结肠上皮细胞的形态和功能具有重要作用;膳食纤维可使能量缓慢释放,还具有调节肠道的功能。
2、机能调节组分中的氨基酸是一种重要的营养成分,不仅直接参与脑内蛋白质的合成代谢,而且某些氨基酸还作为神经递质或其前体对脑功能和心理行为具有调节作用;由亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸三种支链氨基酸来共同协同完成如下功能:(1) 提高蛋白合成效率,(2) 防止肌肉分解流失,(3) 增强能量输出功率,(4) 抵抗疲劳加速恢复,(5) 提升脂肪燃烧供能。
3、机能调节组分中的谷氨酰胺是人体中免疫细胞的主要能量来源,在长时间且高强度的运动过程中,使免疫细胞的功能强化,避免运动创伤而感染。
4、牛磺酸的抗氧化性能,通过降低细胞活性氧(ROS)产生或提升抗氧化系统活性的方式发挥抗氧化作用;存在于中枢神经系统的各种类型细胞中并具有重要的生物学功能。牛磺酸还被视为一种神经营养因子,具有改善神经生长发育和增殖分化的效果,同时还可修复神经元的损伤,牛磺酸还能够通过多种形式调节渗透压,进而减少交感神经兴奋,抑制肾素-血管紧张素系统相关激素的分泌。人体的各项活动是靠ATP,即三磷酸腺苷提供能量,而ATP在人体内的存储量非常的少,运动时,ATP很快就消耗殆尽,这时肌酸能够快速的再合成ATP以供给能量,还能增加力量,增长肌肉、加快疲劳恢复。肌酸在人体存储量越多,能量的供给就越充分,疲劳恢复的就越快,运动能量也就越强。
5、本发明中添加的辅助组分油酸和甘油非常重要,部分油酸与甘油可以生成甘油三脂,长链脂肪酸和甘油酯跨膜吸收是细胞内脂质代谢的基础,此时,各种营养成分就可以在不需要膜蛋白的协助下就能完成向细胞内扩散的过程,提高了营养物质通过细胞吸收时的吸收率。同时油酸还是一种渗透剂,可以缩短营养物质的扩散距离,减少营养物质的扩散阻力,促进营养物质的吸收。同时低浓度的甘油对有利于蛋白质(肽)形成更紧密的构象,但是,甘油浓度较高的混合剂中可破坏蛋白质(肽)的四级结构,促进蛋白质(肽)从四聚体到二聚体转变。使蛋白质(肽)等营养素更容易透过皮肤细胞而吸收。如果不添加辅料(甘油和油酸)各种营养素是独自的分散体系,不利于吸收。
3C17H33COOH+CH2(OH)-CH(OH)-CH2OH→CH2(OOCC17H33)-CH(OOCC17H33)-CH2(OOCC17H33)+3H2O。
另外油酸和甘油本身既有功能又有能量,油酸吸收后在体内经过氧化时产生的144个ATP的能量,甘油吸收后1分子甘油彻底氧化分解生成17.5个ATP的能量,可以为机体提供能量。
6、氯化钠和葡萄糖酸钠可以使人体血浆中维持酸碱平衡,避免电解质紊乱。
7、本发明的功能性营养素含有了机体所需求的营养功能成分,并且验证了这些营养组分可以通过表皮细胞进行吸收,为进一步开发新的营养吸收产品例如外用的营养贴,奠定了基础。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例来说明本发明的具体实施方式,但以下实施例只是用来详细说明本发明,并不以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
细胞吸收率实验方法:
材料:人正常皮肤细胞,HaCaT细胞(上海酶联生物科技有限公司),细胞规格:100000-1000000cells/ml。
培养基(培养液)配比:90%功能性营养素+10% FBS, 混匀后取样,用LC-20A 型高效液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司)检测各种营养物质在培养液中的浓度(C1)。
培养条件:37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液,高压液相色谱检测上清液中各种营养物质在培养液中的浓度(C2),并计算被细胞吸收率(r)。
实施例1:
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分83份,机能调节组分10份,辅料组分5份,盐2份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表1中0时数据。把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表1。
表1 实施例1检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为小麦低聚肽,脂肪为丁酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,表1可以看出,绝大多数的营养物质在3.5hr时的吸收率达到90%以上。
实施例2:
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分80份,机能调节组分10份,辅料组分8份,盐2份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表2中0时数据;把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表2。
表2 实施例2检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为小麦低聚肽,脂肪为丁酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,从表2可以看出,在3.5hr时14种物质中12种吸收率达到90%。
实施例3
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分75份,机能调节组分13份,辅料组分10份,盐2份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表3中0数据;把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表3。
表3 实施例3检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为麦胚清蛋白,脂肪为己酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,从表3可以看出,在3.5hr时14种物质中11种吸收率达到90%以上。
对照例1
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分70份,机能调节组分16份,辅料组分12份,盐2份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表4中0时数据;把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表4。
表4对照例1检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为小麦低聚肽,脂肪为丁酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,从表4可以看出,在该实施例的营养成分比例下,在3.5hr时14种物质中三种吸收率达到90%,说明这样配比的营养比例下,营养吸收效果不理想。
对照例2
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分91份,机能调节组分7份,辅料组分1份,盐1份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表5中0时数据;把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表5。
表5对照例2检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为小麦低聚肽,脂肪为丁酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,从表5可以看出,在该实施例的营养成分比例下,在3.5hr时14种物质中两种吸收率达到90%,说明这样配比的营养比例下,营养吸收效果不理想。
对照例3(不添加辅料)
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分85份,机能调节组分14份,盐1份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表6中0时数据;把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表6。
表6对照例3检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为小麦低聚肽,脂肪为丁酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,从表6可以看出,在没有辅料添加的情况下,在3.5hr时12种物质中只有肌酸一种吸收率达到80%以上,其他11种物质吸收率不超过70%,可见辅料对吸收起到至关重要的作用。
对照例4(添加单一辅料油酸)
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分80份,机能调节组分14份,辅料油酸5份,盐1份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表7中0时数据;把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,PH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800 rpm,离心5 min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表7。
表7 对照例4检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为小麦低聚肽,脂肪为丁酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,从表7可以看出,辅料选择单一油酸,在3.5hr时13种物质中1种吸收率达到80%以上,4种吸收率达到70%以上,吸收率有升高,但仍然偏低。
对照例5(添加单一辅料甘油)
配比培养基(培养液):90%功能性营养素(其中营养供能组分80份,机能调节组分14份,辅料甘油5份,盐1份)+10% FBS, 混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度混匀后检测各种营养物质的浓度见表8中0时数据;把配好的培养基加入培养皿,接入HaCaT细胞,在37℃,pH值7.2-7.4,5%CO2培养箱无菌恒温培养。分别0.5hr、1hr、1.5hr、2hr、2.5hr、3hr、3.5hr、4hr取出部分培养皿,在超净台内将细胞移入离心管中进行离心,800rpm,离心5min,保留上清液检测,检测结果见表8。
表8 对照例5检测不同时间段细胞对营养物质的吸收率
表格中蛋白质为小麦低聚肽,脂肪为丁酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖,从表8可以看出,辅助组添加单一甘油,在3.5hr时13种物质中4种吸收率达到80%以上,相比油酸渗透性更好,各种营养组分的吸收率都不同程度提高,但仍然有待提高。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换,只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (5)
1.一种细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素,其特征在于,含有营养供能组分75-85份、机能调节组分10-15份、辅助组分5-10份和无机盐类物质1-2份;
其中,营养供能组分的组成为:碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维,碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维的质量比为4-8:2-6:2-6:1-3。
2.如权利要求1所述的细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素,其特征在于:所述碳水化合物为葡萄糖,蛋白质为小麦低聚肽或麦胚清蛋白,脂肪为短链脂肪酸甘油酯,膳食纤维为质量比1:1的抗性糊精和低聚异麦芽糖。
3.如权利要求1所述的细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素,其特征在于:所述机能调节组分的组成为支链氨基酸、谷氨酰胺、牛磺酸、肌酸,支链氨基酸、谷氨酰胺、牛磺酸、肌酸的质量比为17-20:40-45:1-3:35-45。
4.如权利要求1所述的细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素,其特征在于:所述支链氨基酸为质量比2:1:1的亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸。
5.如权利要求1所述的细胞吸收组合式功能性营养素,其特征在于:所述辅助组分为质量比1:1的油酸、甘油;无机盐类物质为质量比1:1的氯化钠、葡萄糖酸钠。
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CN116076644A (zh) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-05-09 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学 | 一种对高温环境中机体心血管有保护作用的固体饮料 |
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