CN1138393A - Controlled electronic switch - Google Patents
Controlled electronic switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN1138393A CN1138393A CN94194570A CN94194570A CN1138393A CN 1138393 A CN1138393 A CN 1138393A CN 94194570 A CN94194570 A CN 94194570A CN 94194570 A CN94194570 A CN 94194570A CN 1138393 A CN1138393 A CN 1138393A
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- switch
- current
- controllable silicon
- electronic switch
- controlled electronic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/72—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/0814—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit
- H03K17/08144—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit in thyristor switches
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- Electronic Switches (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a controlled electronic switch (semiconductor switch with thyristors), which is provided with two antiparallel-connected thyristors (T1, T2). According to the invention, a switch (S1) is provided between the control electrodes of the thyristors. In order to cut off the thyristor reverse current from the consumer, an additional switch (S2) can be provided and connected in series with the thyristor pair (T1, T2). One way of preventing deformation of the semiconductor switching elements is to provide a third switch (S3) connected in parallel with the series circuit formed by the second switch (S2) and the thyristor pair (T1, T2).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of controllable electronic switch, this controlled electronic switch is used for the alternating current circuit that the load of different capabilities and direct current is single-phase or heterogeneous and links to each other, can guarantee in the process that disconnects running load, not produce electric arc or spark, reduce the unsettled process of transition significantly.
Along with the appearance of the controlled switch of based semiconductor technology, begun user load to be switched to power supply or disconnect and can not cause spark from power supply.Different with switching transistor, controllable silicon needs energy to keep on off state hardly, only needs a control signal, and it can be the trigger impulse that direct voltage or electric circuits for triggering provide.Owing to have above-mentioned characteristic, controllable silicon begins extensive popularization, is used for from the controlled switch circuit to power conditioning circuitry.
Switching tech-niques for thyristors M √ szaki k nyvkiad ó by name at F.Rajchert-A Sitnik-J.Stepien "; Budapest, introduced several basic circuits of silicon controlled as the controlled switch device in the book of (1980).In a known switching circuit, a single controllable silicon and the control circuit between the control utmost point and controllable silicon negative electrode are arranged.Control signal is a direct current signal, or its width is enough to make the potential pulse of controllable silicon conducting.After switching manipulation,, therefore no longer need to keep control signal because controllable silicon can keep conducting state under the condition of control signal being provided with.For switch is disconnected, must make this circuit interruption.
In alternating current circuit, known have half-wave or an all-wave method.The half-wave method has only single controllable silicon, and control circuit is between the silicon controlled control utmost point and silicon controlled negative electrode.Similarly, the all-wave switch also can adopt single controllable silicon to make, and a full-wave rectifier was just arranged before controllable silicon.Adopt two reverse parallel connection switch controllable silicons can avoid this shortcoming, but need two control circuits in this case.If two controllable silicons are connected in series, and both negative electrodes connect together, and then a control circuit is just enough, but in this case, diode must be connected with the controllable silicon reverse parallel connection.This known method has comprised many relatively elements, and this has not only reduced the efficient of switch on the one hand, makes switch more expensive simultaneously, and has increased the possibility of fault.
The other problems relevant with known reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor is as follows:
It is complicated that pulse and command signal produce circuit, at first is because of the electric insulation that will realize between these circuit and the controlled network, and this controlled network is to load current-change power supply (Commuta-tion).Because this shortcoming, reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor is not accepted in AC network change of current power supply widely.
In most of the cases, the silicon controlled reverse current has a negative interaction to load.
Change of current power supply for high power load (greater than 50A) needs to make very complicated reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor group.Equally, it is also very complicated to adopt logical order to control these controllable silicons.Up to the present, it is also unresolved to adopt logical order that high power switch is carried out directly actuated problem.In current techniques, logical order at first is converted into voltage command signal (Po-tential commands), converts powerful executable command signal then to.
Present reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor has lower reliability, and this is to use complicated circuit and overheated power switch device to cause.Reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor is not used in huge and complicated radio electronics system owing to this low reliability.
Except complexity, the present electronic switch based on the controllable silicon technology also shows following shortcoming:
The change of current to meritorious and capacity load is difficult, and this is determined by the intrinsic characteristic of controllable silicon itself.
This kind electronic switch is very sensitive to the silicon controlled thermal stability, when the big change of current of a few kiloampere scopes is exported, needs very complicated cooling system;
When having only load on being added in switch to be approximately 0.6-0.8 times of controllable silicon rated performance, just can guarantee their reliability.Because these problems, the switching device of based semiconductor technology do not win in power industry widely and use.
The present invention is a research work achievement of being engaged in the worker in the field of radio electronics thrashing research.Measure and experiment has confirmed that most inefficacies and fault are to be caused by pulse-noise (pulse-noises) and the transition that produces in the system element commutation course.The method of seeking to overcome these inefficacies has caused a brand-new commutation technique.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple controllable electronic switch, it can carry out reliable switching manipulation to various outputs in direct current or AC network, and uses the element of minimal amount.
According to the present invention, its objective is to have by use that at least two reverse parallel connection silicon controlled switches realize, wherein only between each silicon controlled control utmost point, switch is housed, and is preferably passive component.
According to a further aspect in the invention, resistance and the switch between each SCR control utmost point are connected in series.
Perhaps, the switch between a diode and each the SCR control utmost point is connected in series.
In another preferred embodiment, a Zener (Zener) diode and the switch between each SCR control utmost point are connected in series.
In another preferred embodiment, a second switch is connected in series with the controllable silicon that a pair of reverse parallel connection is connected.This embodiment might be with silicon controlled reverse current and load isolation.
In another special preferred embodiment, the silicon controlled series circuit of one the 3rd switch and second switch and a pair of reverse parallel connection is in parallel.Might prevent that so just switch from bringing the distortion distortion.The 3rd switch also can be used as test purpose.
For powerful switch, if a pair of reverse parallel connection connects, and be connected between another silicon controlled control utmost point that reverse parallel connection is connected at the controllable silicon that a switch is housed between its control utmost point, then effect is better.
Equally, adopt another preferred embodiment also to have good result, in this embodiment, controllable silicon with a pair of reverse parallel connection connection of a switch is installed among the phase line (phase lead) and zero line (Zero lead) of the alternating current circuit on load both sides, wherein in the zero line that is connected in parallel with a pair of reverse parallel connection controllable silicon, a voltage release-push is arranged, in the phase line that is connected in parallel with a pair of reverse parallel connection controllable silicon, a voltage release-push is arranged with a switch with a switch.
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to described infinite example, and accompanying drawing is as follows:
Fig. 1 is first embodiment according to controlled electronic switch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the another embodiment according to the controlled electronic switch among Fig. 1, is used for switching manipulation is carried out in the load of DC network;
Fig. 3 is the another embodiment according to the controlled electronic switch among Fig. 1, is used for switching manipulation is carried out in the load of AC network;
Fig. 4 is the another embodiment according to the controlled electronic switch among Fig. 1, is used for switching manipulation is carried out in the load in the AC network, and is installed in two branch roads of network;
Fig. 5 is according to controlled electronic switch of the present invention, is used for high power load is carried out switching manipulation;
Fig. 6 is according to controlled electronic switch of the present invention, is used for three-phase network;
Fig. 7 is used for illustrating the sequential chart of the function of controlled electronic switch of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the primary element of switch of the present invention;
Fig. 9 has an additional resistance, according to the primary element of switch of the present invention among Fig. 8;
Figure 10 has an additional diode, according to the primary element of switch of the present invention among Fig. 8;
Figure 11 has an additional LED diode, according to the primary element of switch of the present invention among Fig. 8;
Figure 12 has additional diode and resistance, according to the primary element of switch of the present invention among Fig. 8.
Fig. 1 has described the described controlled electronic switch schematic circuit of the simplest embodiment.
Controlled electronic switch comprises the controllable silicon T that two reverse parallel connections connect
1And T
2, between their the two control utmost points, a switch S is arranged
1At the load R that is connected with direct current or alternating-current voltage source
LWith a pair of controllable silicon T
1And T
2Between another switch S is arranged
2One the 3rd switch S
3The switch S that is connected with controlled controllable silicon and series connection with it one
2Be connected in parallel.As shown in Figure 1, controllable silicon T
1And T
2Form a controlled switch, when this controlled switch is in off state, do not have electric current to pass through from switch.For avoiding controllable silicon T
1And T
2The reverse current of a generation or even a minimum, switch S
2Disconnect.Closing Switch S
1The time, controllable silicon T
1And T
2Conducting, this is because enough trigger controllable silicon at the current potential of controlling the utmost point.Switch S
3Be positioned at the input and the load R of controlled electronic switch
LBetween.Its effect is to make its short circuit after controlled electronic switch is connected.S is provided
3Improved the reliability of controlled electronic switch, eliminated the distortion that puts on load, and the radiator that no longer needs, so just reduced the volume and the weight thereof of controlled electronic switch through the sinusoidal voltage of conversion.Simultaneously, if controllable silicon with respect to S
3Can independently start, then switch S
3Make test become possibility to the reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor state.
At mechanical switch S
2-S
1-S
3Course of action in, these switches will be with this given closing in sequence, and its opening operation will be with S
3-S
2-S
1Order carry out.The controllable silicon that the reverse parallel connection of controlled electronic switch connects can be made into single semiconductor subassembly.
Fig. 2,3,4,5 and 6 has introduced that controlled electronic switch of the present invention is applied to direct current, exchanges, in list or the three-phase network to several possibilities of load current-change power supply.
Based on Fig. 7, the function of controlled electronic switch is introduced.Closing Switch S
2The time, load R
LAnd form path between the controlled electronic switch.In this case, have only reverse current to flow through load, because switch S
1Closure only postpone 10 μ S, this reverse current can not have appreciable impact to load.Switch S
1After the closure, the silicon controlled control utmost point links to each other each other.The weak current that flows will trigger controllable silicon T
1And T
2, controlled electronic switch is with conducting, and load R
LTo form path with power supply.The change of current time of load is determined by the silicon controlled turn-off time of selected type, is approximately 50 μ S.After controlled electronic switch disconnects, negative half-wave current will arrive load by first controllable silicon, and the positive half wave electric current will arrive load by second controllable silicon.At last, in switch S
1Closed back less than in the 100 μ S, switch S
3With closure.Switch S
3Load will make the controlled electronic switch short circuit, so will directly be connected with voltage source.The operation that switch disconnects is along carrying out with above-mentioned opposite order.Along with switch S
3Disconnection, controlled electronic switch is with no longer short circuit, but load is with sustaining voltage.Then, switch S
1Disconnect, with the circuit interruption between the control utmost point, with switch S
3Compare its 10 μ S that delay time.From controllable silicon T
1To T
2Cut-out control voltage, but load arrives sustaining voltage in zero point up to sine wave.Being connected between this moment load and the power supply is cut off.The no-voltage time of load is about 0～10ms.This time equals the half-wave length in the 50Hz AC network.Simultaneously, this time also is switch S
2With respect to switch S
1Time of delay.S
2Disconnection will cut off the silicon controlled reverse current.What calculated above-mentioned time of delay is minimum value.In fact, these times can freely change, and do not influence the function of controlled electronic switch.
In circuit shown in Figure 1, the control right to controllable silicon is realized by a mechanical switch.In fact this set allows all electromagnetic switch are replaced with controlled electronic switch.Only produce this true permission of weak current at the control utmost point and except using a simple and mechanical switch, also can use some other control method.The method of for example magnetic, electromagnetism, electronics, light, infrared, positive temperature coefficient thermistor, transducer, logical order or control impuls, the latter is provided by phase place or zero phase transmitter, is provided by COS fi (Cos φ) transmitter under the situation of reactive (reacti-ve) load.In addition, also can adopt other signal sources, for example use small-sized magnetic sensor, controlled electronic switch can be by magnetic field control, and this magnetic field can be provided by permanent magnet or electromagnet.Connect one infrared (IR) diode and can use infra-red remote control.All these methods can realize by an additional element or parts.All possible control method does not need amplification, conversion or other complicated circuits to realize.
According to an advantage of controlled electronic switch of the present invention is not need electric insulation between the silicon controlled control utmost point and the control circuit that links to each other, because only produce weak current in the control circuit of the present invention.Therefore, adopt Zener diode can more easily solve level adjustment between logic control circuit and the control utmost point, do not need level adjustment fully and have the integrated circuit that FET imports.
In addition, controlled electronic switch can same form be applied to little, the powerful change of current power supply of neutralization.The solution of the control problem of reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor as mentioned above.
Fig. 3 and 4 has illustrated another problem has promptly been eliminated the solution of controllable silicon reverse current.
As shown in Figure 3, utilize switch S
2Can eliminate reverse current, and in Fig. 4, insert another controlled electronic switch.These solutions are applicable to all control methods.
In Fig. 4, insert according to controlled electronic switch of the present invention in the load both sides of single phase alternating current (A.C.) electric system.In this case, shown in dotted line, triggering simultaneously has the switch of identical performance (as switch S
1And S
1') very big benefit arranged.
Method shown in Figure 3 will protect load not to be subjected to the influence of controllable silicon reverse current, but for compensating circuit shown in Figure 4, can save the effect of these switches.In Fig. 4 circuit, owing to carry out electronic compensating, so the negative interaction of reverse current is avoided.This work is by assigning controlled electronic switch to realize in the load both sides.According to this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reverse current of crossing from load flow cancels each other out mutually, thereby synthetic reverse current is zero.
Fig. 5 is another embodiment, has peculiar advantage for the switching manipulation of high-power level.In this embodiment, as the example of front, the controllable silicon T that reverse parallel connection connects
1And T
2By switch S
1Control, but so the controlled electronic switch of formation is placed between the electrode of another controlled electronic switch, and this another controlled electronic switch comprises what reverse parallel connection connected, is the controllable silicon T of high-power requirement
3And T
4This fundamental switching circuit is similar to previous example, can finish by adding reverse-current protection and short circuit current switch.
Fig. 6 has represented to use the example of controlled electronic switch of the present invention in a three phase network.In this embodiment, independent controllable silicon is to by controllable silicon T
11-T
21, T
12-T
22, T
13-T
23And T
14-T
24Form, and switch S is arranged controlling separately between the utmost point respectively
11, S
12, S
13And S
14, switch S
15, S
16And S
17Reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor is carried out the short circuit operation.Contact R, S, T represent phase line, and N represents zero line.
The control method that is adopted provides the solution to above-mentioned the 3rd group of problem.Along with the increase of transducing power, the electric current of the SCR control utmost point does not significantly increase, and is no more than 10mA.The problem relevant with the reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor reliability solved with quite simple form.The number of one controlled electronic switch element even be equipped with mutually with the control circuit of complexity, also is no more than 10 elements.In addition, use switch S
3Short circuit has received the major part of change of current output power, makes silicon controlled cooling capacity redundancy, thereby can significantly reduce switch size and weight.The only own switch transition of controlled electronic switch like this, and do not play a part any other, so also consumed energy not of controlled electronic switch.Some other problem in fields such as being present in the energy, electronics, radiotechnics has been eliminated in solution to these problems of reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor.
In the power supply transmission of electricity and the change of current power supply field of automatic control system, the present invention also provides many possible purposes.Employing is based on the change of current power supply unit of controlled electronic switch of the present invention, and many problems can be resolved at an easy rate.Comprise:
The economy of electric energy is used,
Overcome the measure that industrial electric power disturbs, or in other words, electric network ecology,
The low reliability of change of current power supply unit,
The high manufacturing cost of change of current power supply unit,
Make automatic control system, be used for the user who has different capabilities and reactance is in a large number carried out switching manipulation.
More and more significantly energy shortage requires people to utilize electric power energy economically, and in fact this because energy shortage that industrialization and urbanization cause all exists in each country.Use controlled electronic switch to address this problem effectively widely, because switch itself consumes any electric energy hardly.By contrast, known motor machine change of current electric supply installation will be with a large amount of electric energy.This point will illustrate in the example hereinafter:
The contactor self of change of current power supply 50-100 ampere uses and consumes the energy of about 0.1Axh (ampere-hour).By a simple computation, can calculate a medium-sized company 1 year in 300 days, on the 220V electrical network, use the energy consumption of 10 hours 1000 contactors every day:
1000 * 300 * 10 * 0.1 * 220=66000 kilowatt/year.Adopt identical data to be used for the 380V system:
1000 * 300 * 10 * 0.1 * 380=114000 kilowatt/year.
If consider bigger industrial scale, perhaps whole country, then the potentiality of the energy that can save are very important.
Second problem, the problem that promptly industrial electric power disturbs is also very important, and this at first is because the computerization fast of industry, service department and household products.
In electric power networks disturbed, the interference of pulse noise form mainly was because the electric arc that spark that closed load switch produced and disconnection process produce causes.Usually, the connection disconnection to load causes transient process in network.These dried sorrows can make radio-electronic equipment function abnormality can cause its damage in some cases.
Example is as follows:
In common household products, the switching manipulation meeting of a simple bulb is caused 5 times more than the voltage of normal electrical network,
In the downtime of all numerical controlled machineries, the 40%th, cause because the Disturbance in Power Net function that causes is undesired;
Cause a wink degree (voltage decline up 40%) largely for the power supply of high capacitance load current-change, to common voltage stabilizing circuit can not be compensated this process;
Each electric equipment all can be owing to through the change of current of mechanical switch and self produces pulse noise and other transitions.In most of the cases, the operation of switch is fully arbitrarily constantly, COS fi (COS φ) value of phase place zero crossing or reactive load is not considered.Adopt controlled electronic switch can address this problem equally, wherein the change of current operation to load can not cause spark or electric arc.Controlled electronic switch cuts off load without any need for other auxiliary operations, particularly can not cause transition.Use phase zero and COS fi (COS φ) transducer also can significantly reduce the transient state of switch conduction.All these advantages if be widely used, will reduce the cost of the network of setting up a so-called free of discontinuities and " cleaning " greatly.They will provide the basis of the production and the configuration of the electric equipment with good noise parameters, improve its competitiveness.This product can not endanger network system " ecologically clean degree ".
The 3rd is because the weak spot of electromagnetism converter and relay is their contact causes about change of current electric supply installation reliability problems.These contacts have the very limited life-span.In the commutation course of heavy load, spark and electric arc can cause the scaling loss (burn in) of contact, even burn (burn down).In fact this factor has determined the life-span of these devices, has determined their low reliability, and short life and loaded down with trivial details maintenance cause the expense of higher maintenance and maintenance.Some examples:
The life-span of the contacts of contactor that uses in the control unit of electric car and camshaft operating mechanism on average is no more than 15 days, even have 30mm
2The copper contact of surface area;
At each subway station, the relay and the switch of high reliability have constituted automechanism, and their number reaches thousands of magnitudes, and the routine work that the maintenance and the service of these automechanisms is service worker;
In the power station or power distribution station, the technical staff after connecting load, the closure of visual control contact;
Use arc control device and arc blow-out mechanism to make high-power contactor system and structure more complicated; Know
The maintenance work of this type of current converter is more complicated, because must outage in maintenance process.
Because controlled electronic switch does not produce spark and electric arc when work, therefore use controlled electronic switch can significantly reduce the appearance of back one problem, and their life-span and reliability can be increased by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude.Simultaneously, the expense of maintenance and service also greatly reduces.Use controlled electronic switch of the present invention and can produce special switch, its switching manipulation is started by a magnetic field.This type of commutation components is widely used in the installation of the dangerous factory building to blast protection, for example has high humility and the room of the mechanical contamination concentrated.This place comprises the colliery, oil refinery, chemical plant or the like.In current converter, be easy to realize protection to overload current and short circuit based on controlled electronic switch.And, use detection wireless electricity receiver just can constitute control device, make controlled electronic switch substitute the discharge lightning rod.By adjusting sensitivity, this device can be subjected to neighbouring or the triggering of thunder and lightning at a distance.This measure can be used on derrick or the broadcast tower.
Use controlled electronic switch more easily to solve and detect and diagnosis problem, equally also simplified maintenance greatly and significantly increased reliability.Utilize the electronics controllability of controlled electronic switch, can obtain the high-precision relay that the starting time is less than 50 μ S.This circuit breaker is widely used in railway, subway, elevator or the like robot brain tool field.
Controlled electronic switch of the present invention has been arranged, in the kindergarten, school and other have the ground of shock hazard can be equipped with special switch and gang socket especially.Can unite use or modification as required and use above-mentioned technology.
The 4th problem is how to reduce production costs.Making based on the current converter of controlled electronic switch of the present invention is quite economical, because have only element seldom need adorn the holder handle, big multicomponent can be connected by a simple screw and fix.The weight of the switches set of controlled electronic switch type and dimensional parameters are than little several magnitudes of the electromagnetism converter that is used for similar purpose.This just can save material aborning, makes precious materials such as transformer obtain saving with steel and copper.
The 5th problem relates to the foundation of automatic control system, and they can be according to the different sizes and the needs of power, with any order and sequential and minimum dried sorrow of pulse and transition, the load of connecting greater number.Can not directly control by logical order owing to known current converter at present, so said method can't be realized.Known a pair of conversion method, its logical order (" 1 " and " 0 ") at first is converted to (24V or 26V) current potential or voltage command signal, then, converts executable forceful electric power command signal again to.This control method is complicated, and is therefore unreliable.
Controlled electronic switch of the present invention can directly be controlled by logical order, and can adopt local control or remote control, these controls are used with facile phase zero and COS fi (COS φ) transducer and just may be adopted suitable procedure with minimum transition user load to be carried out change of current power supply.
In a word, we can say that employing controlled electronic switch of the present invention can provide solution to the above-mentioned all problems that is present in the energy, electronic technology, radio and the electronic device field.Simultaneously, the special nature of the function of controlled electronic switch of the present invention also provides solution for still unsolved technical problems at present.
Controlled electronic switch can be connected the load of a power in KW and KA scope.Simultaneously, the reactance of load can not influence switch performances, and controllable silicon does not need cooling.
These characteristics of switch of the present invention make all large power, electrically magnetic switches be replaced by electronic switch.The size and the weight that this means current converter can reduce 3 orders of magnitude, and production is simplified, and production cost reduces, and no longer need complicated arc extinguish chambers and cooling system.
Controlled electronic switch of the present invention also has an important feature, and promptly it can carry out the change of current to the electric current that substantially exceeds controllable silicon rated power commonly used.This means that controlled electronic switch of the present invention can be at current value range I
(OV)To I
(TSM)The interior use, promptly this switch can carry out the change of current to the electric current times over silicon controlled rated current and power termination value.
Above-mentioned all control methods can be applicable to controlled electronic switch, and these switches carry out the change of current to the electrical network of kilovolt and kilo-ampere order magnitude range.
Also can set up " chain of rings " (" key in Key ") type control system, as shown in Figure 5, wherein high-performance, high power switch are by low-power half-open pass control.This just can directly measure the electric current and the voltage parameter of high-power electrical network, and this point will be described below, and has realized insulation protection completely simultaneously.
Being connected by arbitrary suitable method after controlled electronic switch (Fig. 1,2,3, the 4 and 6) change of current realizes, even the use hand switch, and it does not rely on by the power throughput of the electrical network of the change of current.This is because silicon controlled electrical parameter values and temperature coefficient value remained unchanged in the several seconds, even if the silicon controlled nominal parameter value that is adopted less than by the nominal parameter value of change of current network.Another characteristics of controlled electronic switch are that the control utmost point is connected.This can be as shown in the formula realization:
Directly connect (Fig. 8) by short circuit;
Connect (Fig. 9) by a resistance; Perhaps
Connect (Figure 10) by a low-power diode.
If the control utmost point of controlled electronic switch directly connects by short circuit, then the electric current in the control circuit is directly proportional with the electric current that flows through load all the time, and no matter this electric current is mA and kA magnitude.Electric current in the control circuit may be at several mA to hundreds of mA scope." chain of rings " system is a feasible method for electric current and the voltage measured simultaneously by load.In this case, the voltage that records on the control circuit of high power switch is generally equal to by the voltage of change of current network, but the electric current of the Control Network of flowing through only is several mA.Have therein in the control circuit of low power switch of a short circuit, the electric current of flowing through usually and the electric current in the load be directly proportional, and magnitude is that several mA are to hundreds of mA.
If the control electrode of controlled electronic switch connects (Fig. 9) by a resistance, perhaps connect (Figure 10) by a low power diodes, the electric current that then flows through control circuit will keep constant, and the electric current and the electric current that do not rely in the load change.
If the control utmost point of controlled electronic switch is by a LED (Figure 11), perhaps the resistance by a LED and series connection with it thereof connects, then controlled electronic switch will be carried out its change of current function, and its work is as two reverse parallel connection controllable silicons, and LED allows system is carried out visual diagnostic.
Sum up the problems referred to above, can provide simultaneously based on the current converter of controlled electronic switch of the present invention:
Load there is not the change of current power supply of electric arc and spark;
Local control and remote control, these controls can be mechanical, electromagnetism, light, based on semistor, based on senser element, infrared, electronics, or the like;
Interruption switching manipulation to all-wave or half-wave power;
Position, state and the function of each independent component in diagnosis and demonstration current converter;
Short circuit and overload, perhaps electric shock protection;
Construction under any weather conditions for example has explosion hazard, high humility, mechanical contamination;
Assemble Digital Data Processing Equipment, and control by logical order;
When " zero phase ",, and consider COS fi (COS φ) factor of reactive load to load current-change;
In automatic system, use the high accuracy relay.
Based on these characteristics, be widely used in science and technology, industry, family even military project and space research field based on the current converter of controlled electronic switch of the present invention.
Controlled electronic switch of the present invention has satisfied dissimilar and change of current needs size loads with described control circuit, and allows to carry out the change of current according to optional sequential chart.
The reference symbol table
D diode T1-T
4Controllable silicon
LED light emitting diode T11-T
14Controllable silicon
O, N zero line T21-T
24Controllable silicon
R
1，R
2Resistance TSControl time
A, R, S, T phase line U voltage source
R
LLoad URLPressure drop in the load
S
1，S
1' switch
S
2Switch
S
3，S
3' switch
S
11-S
18Switch
Claims (8)
1, comprises two reverse parallel connection controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) controlled electronic switch, it is characterized in that at controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) the control utmost point between a switch (S is provided
1).
2, switch according to claim 1, wherein a resistance (R
1) and be positioned at controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) switch (S of control between the utmost point
1) be connected in series.
3, switch according to claim 1, one of them diode (D) be positioned at controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) switch (S of control between the utmost point
1) be connected in series.
4, switch according to claim 1, wherein a Zener diode (Z) be positioned at controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) switch (S of control between the utmost point
1) be connected in series.
5, according to the described switch of claim 1 to 4, wherein second switch (S
2) controllable silicon (T that is connected with a pair of reverse parallel connection
1, T
2) be connected in series.
6, switch according to claim 5, wherein the 3rd switch (S
3) and by second switch (S
2) and a pair of reverse parallel connection controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) series circuit formed is connected in parallel.
7, according to the described switch of claim 1 to 4, wherein at controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) the control interpolar have switch (S
1) this controllable silicon (T to reverse parallel connection
1, T
2) be connected between another silicon controlled control utmost point to reverse parallel connection.
8, switch according to claim 1 wherein has switch (S between the silicon controlled control utmost point
1, S
1') the controllable silicon of reverse parallel connection to (T
1And T
2, T
3And T
4) insert among the phase line (R, S, T) and zero line (N) of the alternating current circuit of load both sides, wherein be parallel to a pair of controllable silicon (T
1, T
2) zero line (N) in a switch (S is arranged
3), and be parallel to a pair of controllable silicon (T
3, T
4) phase line in a switch (S is arranged
3').
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU9303456A HU9303456D0 (en) | 1993-12-03 | 1993-12-03 | Controlled electronic switch |
| HUP9303456 | 1993-12-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1138393A true CN1138393A (en) | 1996-12-18 |
Family
ID=10984215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94194570A Pending CN1138393A (en) | 1993-12-03 | 1994-12-02 | Controlled electronic switch |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0732007A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09505961A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1138393A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1325895A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2177614A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU9303456D0 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL111855A0 (en) |
| MY (1) | MY131913A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995015615A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA949660B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108512535A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 华南理工大学 | The thyristor gating circuit compensated using posive temperature coefficient thermistor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103337972B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-06-18 | 华中科技大学 | Mixed type transverter and wind power generation system |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE332841B (en) * | 1968-11-20 | 1971-02-22 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | |
| US4117359A (en) * | 1974-01-30 | 1978-09-26 | Teldix Gmbh | Bearing and drive structure for spinning turbine |
| NL7508457A (en) * | 1975-07-15 | 1977-01-18 | Ultra Centrifuge Nederland Nv | WELDING MOLD FOR WELDING PIPES TOGETHER WITH AN EXPLOSIVE CHARGE. |
| DE2600875B2 (en) * | 1976-01-12 | 1978-08-10 | Rheinisch-Westfaelische Isolatorenwerke Gmbh, 5200 Siegburg | Electronic AC circuit breaker |
| US4302687A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1981-11-24 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor switch |
| US4289958A (en) * | 1980-02-07 | 1981-09-15 | Edwin Burgess Limited | System for identifying solid dosage units |
| JPH0247132B2 (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1990-10-18 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | GYAKUHEIRETSUSAIRISUTATENKOSOCHI |
| EP0161628B1 (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1991-11-27 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Switchgear |
-
1993
- 1993-12-03 HU HU9303456A patent/HU9303456D0/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-12-02 IL IL11185594A patent/IL111855A0/en unknown
- 1994-12-02 WO PCT/HU1994/000057 patent/WO1995015615A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-12-02 MY MYPI94003233A patent/MY131913A/en unknown
- 1994-12-02 AU AU13258/95A patent/AU1325895A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-12-02 JP JP7515509A patent/JPH09505961A/en active Pending
- 1994-12-02 CN CN94194570A patent/CN1138393A/en active Pending
- 1994-12-02 EP EP95904667A patent/EP0732007A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-12-02 CA CA002177614A patent/CA2177614A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-12-05 ZA ZA949660A patent/ZA949660B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108512535A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 华南理工大学 | The thyristor gating circuit compensated using posive temperature coefficient thermistor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HU9303456D0 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
| IL111855A0 (en) | 1994-12-02 |
| JPH09505961A (en) | 1997-06-10 |
| AU1325895A (en) | 1995-06-19 |
| WO1995015615A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
| MY131913A (en) | 2007-09-28 |
| EP0732007A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| ZA949660B (en) | 1996-01-04 |
| CA2177614A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
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| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
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