CN110149051A - DC-DC converter and its control method - Google Patents
DC-DC converter and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110149051A CN110149051A CN201910554700.8A CN201910554700A CN110149051A CN 110149051 A CN110149051 A CN 110149051A CN 201910554700 A CN201910554700 A CN 201910554700A CN 110149051 A CN110149051 A CN 110149051A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present disclosure discloses a kind of DC-DC converter and its control method, and DC-DC converter includes: bus capacitor, double tube positive exciting primary circuit, normal shock transformer, secondary side current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, booster circuit and the second diode;Wherein, one end of bus capacitor is connected by the anode of the second diode and input power, the other end of bus capacitor and the cathode of input power connect, the both ends of bus capacitor are also connect with the input terminal of double tube positive exciting primary circuit, the output end of double tube positive exciting primary circuit is connect with the input terminal of normal shock transformer, the output end of normal shock transformer is connect with the input terminal of secondary side current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, and the output end of secondary side current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is magnetically suspended bearing power supply;Booster circuit is arranged between input power and bus capacitor, for being powered for bus capacitor when the input voltage value of DC-DC converter is reduced to scheduled voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of circuit control, and in particular, to a dc-dc converter and a control method thereof.
Background
The suspension blower suspends the high-speed motor rotor by using a magnetic bearing controller, eliminates the friction force of a bearing to achieve high rotating speed, and the magnetic bearing controller needs to be supplied with power by a stable direct-current power supply.
The application of the direct current power supply in the field of magnetic suspension needs to cope with two different working conditions: one condition is that when the power grid input of the magnetic suspension blower is normal, the direct current voltage is normally output to enable the motor rotor to suspend and work at a high speed; in the other situation, when the power grid input of the magnetic suspension blower fails, the direct current power supply needs to keep output voltage for a period of time, so that the motor rotor is decelerated to a safe speed, the direct current is allowed to stop working at the moment, then the magnetic bearing stops working, and the motor rotor safely falls to the backup bearing. If the speed is higher than the safe speed, the rotor and the backup bearing are easy to damage, the damage is more serious when the landing speed is higher, and as a result, the maintenance period of the whole machine is shortened, and even the motor is damaged.
Common DC power supply methods include a battery UPS (uninterruptible power supply) and a method of directly taking power from a bus of an inverter (i.e., a DC-DC converter, also referred to as a DC-DC converter).
The storage battery charger is required to be configured in a storage battery power supply mode, the storage battery is aged along with time, the reliability of power supply of the magnetic bearing is reduced, an AC-DC converter is required to be added at the rear end of a UPS (uninterruptible power supply), and the UPS (uninterruptible power supply) is complex in system and high in price.
A DC-DC converter is used for directly getting electricity from a motor drive frequency converter bus, and a frequency converter bus capacitor is used as energy buffer. When the input of the power grid fails, the system is shut down, the energy stored in the frequency converter bus is used for the input of the DC-DC converter and is output to the magnetic bearing controller to keep the rotor suspended, and the motor rotor is allowed to decelerate to a safe landing speed.
When a power supply mode based on a frequency converter bus as an energy source is used, when a power grid fault is input, the DC-DC converter keeps supplying power to the magnetic suspension bearing to enable the rotor to be suspended continuously and decelerated, and the voltage of the frequency converter bus is reduced rapidly (no power grid input energy exists). However, the working range of the corresponding input voltage of the conventional DC-DC converter is relatively narrow, and the converter stops outputting when the working range is lower than the lower limit working voltage, so that the falling speed of the rotor is higher than the safe rotating speed, and the system cannot reach the expected maintenance time and the service life.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dc-dc converter and a control method thereof, so as to solve the following problems in the prior art: the traditional DC-DC converter has a relatively narrow corresponding input voltage working range, and the converter stops outputting when the working voltage is lower than the lower limit working voltage, so that the falling speed of a rotor is higher than the safe rotating speed, and the system cannot reach the expected maintenance time and the service life.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dc-dc converter, including: the device comprises a bus capacitor, a double-tube forward primary circuit, a forward transformer, a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit and a booster circuit; one end of the bus capacitor is connected with the anode of an input power supply through a second diode, the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the cathode of the input power supply, two ends of the bus capacitor are also connected with the input end of the double-tube forward primary side circuit, the output end of the double-tube forward primary side circuit is connected with the input end of the forward transformer, the output end of the forward transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, and the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit is used as a power supply output end; the boost circuit is arranged between the input power supply and the bus capacitor, and when the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter is reduced to a preset voltage value, the boost circuit is used for providing an output voltage higher than the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter and supplying power to the bus capacitor so as to maintain the voltage value of the bus capacitor higher than the lowest working voltage of the two-transistor forward primary circuit, the forward transformer and the secondary rectifying and filtering circuit at the rear stage.
In some embodiments, further comprising: the input end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with the input power supply, the first output end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with one end of a first diode, the second output end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with one end of a resistor, and the second output end of the input EMI filter circuit is also connected with a fourth power electronic switch; the other end of the first diode is connected with one end of a second diode, and the other end of the second diode is connected with one end of the bus capacitor; the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the other end of the resistor, and the other end of the bus capacitor is also connected with the fourth power electronic switch.
In some embodiments, further comprising: and the input end of the output EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the secondary side rectifying filter circuit, and the output end of the output EMI filter circuit is used as a power supply output end.
In some embodiments, the boost circuit comprises: a third diode, a first inductor, a third power electronic switch, and a first capacitor; the other end of the third diode is connected with one end of the bus capacitor, one end of the third diode is connected with one end of the first inductor, one end of the third diode is also connected with a drain electrode of a third power electronic switch, and a source electrode of the third power electronic switch is connected with the other end of the bus capacitor; the other end of the first inductor is connected with one end of the first diode, the other end of the first inductor is further connected with one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with a source electrode of the third power electronic switch.
In some embodiments, the input EMI filter circuit comprises: the input end of the first common mode inductor is connected with the input power supply, and the output end of the first common mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the sixth capacitor.
In some embodiments, the input EMI filter circuit comprises: a second common mode inductor, the first common mode inductor, a fifth capacitor and a sixth capacitor; the input end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with the input power supply, the output end of the first common-mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the fifth capacitor, the output end of the first common-mode inductor is further connected with the input end of the second common-mode inductor, and the output end of the second common-mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the sixth capacitor.
In some embodiments, the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: a sixth diode, a seventh diode, a second inductor and a third capacitor; one end of the sixth diode is connected with the first dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, the other end of the sixth diode is connected with the other end of the seventh diode, the other end of the sixth diode is further connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the third capacitor, the other end of the third capacitor is respectively connected with one end of the seventh diode and the first non-dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, and two ends of the third capacitor are used as the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit.
In some embodiments, the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: a sixth diode, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a second inductor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; one end of the sixth diode is connected with the first dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, the other end of the sixth diode is connected with the other end of the seventh diode, the other end of the sixth diode is further connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the third capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is respectively connected with one end of the seventh diode, the first non-dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer and one end of the fourth capacitor; one end of the eighth diode is connected with the second dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, the other end of the eighth diode is connected with the other end of the ninth diode, the other end of the eighth diode is further connected with one end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with one end of the third inductor, the other end of the third inductor is connected with one end of the ninth diode and the second non-dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, and one end of the third inductor is grounded; and one end of the third capacitor and the other end of the fourth capacitor are used as output ends of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit.
In some embodiments, the output EMI filter circuit comprises: the input end of the third common-mode inductor is connected with the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, and the output end of the third common-mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the seventh capacitor; and two ends of the seventh capacitor are used as the power supply output end.
In some embodiments, further comprising: the circuit comprises a detection circuit, a drive circuit and a flyback circuit; the flyback circuit is connected with the bus capacitor and used for supplying power; the detection circuit is connected with the drive circuit and used for detecting whether the voltage value of the bus capacitor is smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value or not and triggering the boosting circuit to work through the drive circuit when the voltage value of the bus capacitor is smaller than or equal to the preset voltage value.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a dc-dc converter, which controls the dc-dc converter, including: detecting whether the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter is less than or equal to a preset voltage value; and under the condition that the input voltage value is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, triggering the boosting circuit to work through the driving circuit so as to supply power to the bus capacitor through the boosting circuit, and maintaining the voltage value of the bus capacitor to be higher than the lowest working voltage of a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, a forward transformer and a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit of a secondary side of the secondary side.
In some embodiments, detecting whether the input voltage value of the dc-dc converter is less than or equal to a predetermined voltage value includes: detecting whether the input voltage value is in a descending stage; detecting whether the input voltage value is less than or equal to the predetermined voltage value in a case where the input voltage value is in a falling phase.
In some embodiments, after triggering the operation of the voltage boost circuit by the driving circuit, the method further includes: detecting whether the input voltage value is reduced to a preset safe voltage value; and in case of reducing to the predetermined safe voltage value, disconnecting the boosting circuit through the driving circuit.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dc-dc converter, including: the circuit comprises a substrate, wherein an input terminal and an output terminal are arranged at the first end part of the substrate, a bus capacitor, a double-tube forward primary circuit, a forward transformer and a secondary rectifying and filtering circuit which are sequentially connected in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction are further arranged on the substrate, and a booster circuit is arranged between the input terminal and the bus capacitor.
In some embodiments, at least one heat spreader plate is also included.
In some embodiments, the at least one heat dissipation plate includes a first heat dissipation plate and a second heat dissipation plate, a heat dissipation channel is formed between the first heat dissipation plate and the second heat dissipation plate, and the bus capacitor and the forward transformer are disposed in the heat dissipation channel.
In some embodiments, the boost circuit comprises: the first diode, the second inductor, the second power electronic switch and the second capacitor are arranged on the side face of the first heat dissipation plate.
In some embodiments, the two-transistor forward primary circuit comprises: the first heat dissipation plate comprises a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a first power electronic switch and a second power electronic switch, wherein the fourth diode and the fifth diode are arranged on one side face of the first heat dissipation plate, and the first power electronic switch and the second power electronic switch are arranged on the other side face of the first heat dissipation plate.
In some embodiments, the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: the second heat dissipation plate comprises a sixth diode, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a second inductor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, wherein the sixth diode and the seventh diode are arranged on one side face of the second heat dissipation plate, and the eighth diode and the ninth diode are arranged on the other side face of the second heat dissipation plate.
In some embodiments, further comprising: the vertical plate is arranged at a second end part opposite to the first end part on the substrate and is vertically connected with the substrate, and a flyback circuit is arranged on the vertical plate.
In some embodiments, further comprising: the input EMI filter circuit is arranged between the input terminal and the bus capacitor and connected with the booster circuit, and the output EMI filter circuit is arranged between the secondary side rectifying filter circuit and the output terminal.
In some embodiments, the input EMI filter circuit and the output filter circuit are disposed at two corners of the first end portion, respectively.
Compared with the existing direct current-direct current converter, the direct current-direct current converter provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is additionally provided with the booster circuit, once the power grid fault occurs, the booster circuit is conducted, the stable output voltage is kept, the power is supplied to the magnetic suspension bearing controller, and the motor rotor is kept in a suspension state and is decelerated from high-speed operation to safe landing rotating speed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another dc-dc converter provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of another dc-dc converter provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another dc-dc converter provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of a dc-dc converter according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 provides a top view of a DC to DC converter for yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a perspective view of a dc-dc converter according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Note: 1-input EMI filter circuit; 2-bus capacitance; 3-a double-tube forward primary side circuit; 4-forward transformer; 5-secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit; 6-output EMI filter circuit; 7-a boost circuit; 8-a detection circuit; 9-a drive circuit; 10-a flyback circuit; 11-a first heat sink; 13-a second heat sink; 14-an input terminal; 15-an output terminal; 100-a substrate; 200-vertical plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components have been omitted from the present disclosure.
An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dc-dc converter, which is schematically illustrated in fig. 1, and includes:
the device comprises a bus capacitor 2, a double-tube forward primary circuit 3, a forward transformer 4, a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit 5 and a booster circuit 7; wherein,
one end of a bus capacitor is connected with the anode of an input power supply through a second diode, the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the cathode of the input power supply, the two ends of the bus capacitor are also connected with the input end of a double-tube forward primary circuit, the output end of the double-tube forward primary circuit is connected with the input end of a forward transformer, the output end of the forward transformer is connected with the input end of a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, and the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit is used as a power supply output end;
and the booster circuit is arranged between the input power supply and the bus capacitor, and is used for providing output voltage higher than the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter when the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter is reduced to a preset voltage value, so as to supply power to the bus capacitor and maintain the voltage value of the bus capacitor higher than the lowest working voltage of a rear-stage double-tube forward primary circuit, a forward transformer and a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit.
The output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit can directly supply power to the magnetic suspension bearing controller.
Compared with the existing direct current-direct current converter, the direct current-direct current converter provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is additionally provided with the booster circuit, once the power grid fault occurs, the booster circuit is conducted, the stable output voltage is kept, the power is supplied to the magnetic suspension bearing controller, and the motor rotor is kept in a suspension state and is decelerated from high-speed operation to safe landing rotating speed.
The double-tube forward primary circuit, the forward transformer and the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit are collectively called a double-tube forward circuit, wherein the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit is a double-winding secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit.
The disclosed embodiment also provides another dc-dc converter, which adds an input EMI filter circuit 1 and an output EMI filter circuit 6 on the basis of fig. 1. The schematic structure of the dc-dc converter is shown in fig. 2, and further includes:
the input end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with an input power supply, the first output end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with one end of a first diode, the second output end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with one end of a resistor, and the second output end of the input EMI filter circuit is also connected with a fourth power electronic switch; the other end of the first diode is connected with one end of a second diode, and the other end of the second diode is connected with one end of the bus capacitor; the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the other end of the resistor, and the other end of the bus capacitor is also connected with a fourth power electronic switch; and the input end of the output EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the secondary side rectifying filter circuit, and the output end of the output EMI filter circuit supplies power to the magnetic suspension bearing controller. The fourth power electronic switch may be a MOSFET, an IGBT, a thyristor, silicon carbide, or the like.
The dc-dc converter will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to protect the circuit, the specific connection structure of the input EMI filter circuit 1 and the bus capacitor 2 includes:
a first output terminal of the input EMI filter circuit is connected to an anode of a first diode (i.e., D1), a second output terminal of the input EMI filter circuit is connected to one terminal of a thermistor (i.e., NTC, a type of resistor), and a second output terminal of the input EMI filter circuit is also connected to a cathode of a thyristor (i.e., TH1, a type of power electronic switch); the cathode of the first diode is connected with the anode of a second diode (namely D2), and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the bus capacitor; the cathode of the bus capacitor is connected to the other end of the thermistor (i.e., NTC), and the cathode of the bus capacitor is also connected to the anode of the thyristor (i.e., TH 1).
The booster circuit includes: a third diode (i.e., D3), a first inductor (i.e., L1), a third N-channel fet (i.e., T3, a type of power electronic switch, but also other types of MOSFETs, IGBTs, thyristors, silicon carbide, etc.), a first capacitor (i.e., C1); the cathode of the third diode is connected with the anode of the bus capacitor, the anode of the third diode is connected with one end of the first inductor, the anode of the third diode is also connected with the drain electrode of the third N-channel field effect transistor, and the source electrode of the third N-channel field effect transistor is connected with the cathode of the bus capacitor; the other end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the second diode, the other end of the first inductor is further connected with the anode of the first capacitor, and the cathode of the first capacitor is connected with the source electrode of the third N-channel field effect transistor.
The input EMI filter circuit includes: a second common mode inductance (i.e., LF2), a first common mode inductance (i.e., LF1), a fifth capacitance (i.e., Cx1), and a sixth capacitance (i.e., Cx 2); the input end of the first common mode inductor is connected with an input power supply, the output end of the first common mode inductor is connected with two ends of the fifth capacitor in parallel, the output end of the first common mode inductor is further connected with the input end of the second common mode inductor, and the output end of the second common mode inductor is connected with two ends of the sixth capacitor in parallel.
Of course, the input EMI filter circuit may also be simplified to only provide a first-stage common mode inductor, that is, may include: the common-mode power supply circuit comprises a first common-mode inductor (namely LF1) and a sixth capacitor (namely Cx2), wherein the input end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with an input power supply, and the output end of the first common-mode inductor is connected in parallel to the two ends of the sixth capacitor.
The secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: a sixth diode (i.e., D6), a seventh diode (i.e., D7), an eighth diode (i.e., D8), a ninth diode (i.e., D9), a second inductor (i.e., L2), a third inductor (i.e., L3), a third capacitor (i.e., C3), and a fourth capacitor (i.e., C4); the anode of the sixth diode is connected with the first dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, the cathode of the sixth diode is connected with the cathode of the seventh diode, the cathode of the sixth diode is also connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the second inductor is connected with the anode of the third capacitor, and the cathode of the third capacitor is respectively connected with the anode of the seventh diode, the first non-dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer and the anode of the fourth capacitor; the anode of the eighth diode is connected with the second dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, the cathode of the eighth diode is connected with the cathode of the ninth diode, the cathode of the eighth diode is also connected with the anode of the fourth capacitor, the cathode of the fourth capacitor is connected with one end of the third inductor, the other end of the third inductor is connected with the anode of the ninth diode and the second non-dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, and one end of the third inductor is grounded; and the anode of the third capacitor and the cathode of the fourth capacitor are used as output ends of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit.
In a specific implementation, the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit may only include one of the upper and lower circuits shown in fig. 3, for example, the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit only includes one circuit where the sixth diode, the seventh diode, the second inductor and the third capacitor are located, or the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit only includes one circuit where the eighth diode, the ninth diode, the third inductor and the fourth capacitor are located, and those skilled in the art may design the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit according to actual requirements, and connection relationships thereof are not described herein again.
The above-mentioned output EMI filter circuit includes: a third common-mode inductor (namely LF3) and a seventh capacitor (namely Cx3), wherein the input end of the third common-mode inductor is connected with the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, and the output end of the third common-mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the seventh capacitor; both ends of the seventh capacitor serve as power supply output ends, which can supply power to the magnetic bearing controller, for example.
The two-transistor forward primary side circuit comprises two diodes (i.e., D4 and D5) and two power electronic switches (i.e., T1 and T2, which are shown as N-channel fets and may also be other MOSFETs, IGBTs, silicon carbide, etc.), and the connection relationship is as shown in fig. 3, which is the same as that of the conventional two-transistor forward primary side circuit and is not described herein again.
On the basis of fig. 2, the principle structure of the dc-dc converter may also be as shown in fig. 4, and includes:
a detection circuit 8, a drive circuit 9 and a flyback circuit 10;
the flyback circuit is connected with the bus capacitor and used for supplying power to circuits such as the detection circuit, the driving circuit, the two-tube forward primary circuit, the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit and the like; the detection circuit is connected with the drive circuit and used for detecting whether the voltage value of the bus capacitor is smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value or not and triggering the booster circuit to work through the drive circuit when the voltage value of the bus capacitor is smaller than or equal to the preset voltage value.
When the power grid controller works, when the input voltage of a power grid is normal, a third power electronic switch (such as an MOSFET switch tube) of the booster circuit is closed, the input power is supplied to a bus capacitor of a wide input power supply through an inductor of the booster circuit, the double-tube forward circuit is connected to the bus capacitor in parallel, the double-tube forward circuit works independently at the moment, and the voltage of the bus capacitor is converted into the working voltage of the rear-end magnetic bearing controller. The lower limit of the effective input range of the double-tube forward circuit is lower than the power grid rectification voltage in the normal working range of the magnetic suspension blower, and the design ensures that only the double-tube forward circuit works independently when the power grid input voltage is in the normal range, so that the optimal reliability is achieved.
When the grid input voltage of the blower fails, the voltage of the bus capacitor rapidly drops due to the rear-end load, when the dropped voltage is detected to exceed a preset voltage value, the booster circuit is started, the duty ratio of a third power electronic switch of the booster circuit is gradually increased, and the booster circuit outputs closed-loop control to maintain the voltage of the wide input range DC-DC power supply bus capacitor to be higher than the lowest input voltage range of the rear-stage double-transistor forward circuit and to be stable. Along with the voltage reduction of the bus capacitor, the duty ratio of the booster circuit is gradually increased, and the closed loop of the output voltage of the booster circuit is kept stable. The reliable work of the double-tube forward circuit is ensured, and the output stable voltage is supplied to the magnetic bearing controller, so that the motor rotor is decelerated to the safe landing rotating speed from the high-speed working state at the time of the power grid fault.
The effective input voltage range of the DC-DC converter is increased through design, the input voltage of the DC-DC converter can be increased from the voltage of a bus capacitor when an input power grid is normal to a very low voltage, the DC-DC converter can normally output the voltage to the magnetic bearing controller, and the motor rotor in a suspension state and running at a high speed can be guaranteed to have enough time to be decelerated to a safe landing speed when the input power grid fails.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for controlling a dc-dc converter, where the process for controlling the dc-dc converter is shown in fig. 5, and includes steps S501 to S502:
s501, detecting an input voltage value of the DC-DC converter;
and S502, under the condition that the input voltage value is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, triggering the booster circuit to work through the driving circuit, so as to supply power to the bus capacitor through the booster circuit, and maintaining the voltage value of the bus capacitor to be higher than the lowest working voltage of a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit and a secondary side forward-wound primary side circuit.
In the initial power supply stage of the input power supply, the voltage value of the bus capacitor is in a rising stage, in the rising stage, the input voltage value is smaller than the preset voltage value, but the input voltage is not in a fault in the process, so that whether the input voltage value is in a falling stage or not can be detected firstly in order to prevent misoperation; and detecting whether the input voltage value is less than or equal to a preset voltage value under the condition that the input voltage value is in a descending stage.
After the boost circuit is triggered to work by the driving circuit, whether the input voltage value is reduced to a preset safe voltage value can be further detected; when the voltage is reduced to a preset safe voltage value, the motor rotor is decelerated from high-speed operation to a safe falling speed, and the booster circuit is disconnected through the driving circuit.
Compared with the existing direct current-direct current converter, the direct current-direct current converter of the embodiment of the disclosure is additionally provided with a booster circuit between an input EMI filter circuit and a bus capacitor, once a power grid fault occurs, the bus voltage is rapidly reduced from rectified voltage to zero voltage due to the fact that the bus voltage is supplied to a magnetic suspension bearing controller through the wide-range input direct current-direct current converter, once the situation occurs, the booster circuit is conducted, stable output voltage is kept, power is supplied to the magnetic suspension bearing controller, and a motor rotor is enabled to keep a suspension state and is decelerated to a safe falling rotating speed from high-speed operation.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dc-dc converter, which is a physical product of the dc-dc converter mentioned in the above embodiments, and a top view of a device disposed on a circuit board of the dc-dc converter is shown in fig. 6, and a perspective view is shown in fig. 7, specifically including: the substrate 100 is equivalent to a power board in a dc-dc converter, the substrate 100 is used for bearing the circuit structure of this embodiment, an input terminal 14 and an output terminal 15 are arranged at a first end of the substrate 100, a bus capacitor 2, a two-transistor forward primary side circuit 3, a forward transformer 4 and a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit 5 which are sequentially connected in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction are further arranged on the substrate 100, and the bus capacitor 2 is centrally arranged on the substrate 100, so that the wiring is shortest, the interference is reduced, and the reliability is increased; providing the input terminals 14 and the output terminals 15 at the same end of the circuit board can make connection of the circuit board to an external circuit more convenient, and in addition, the input terminals 14 and the output terminals 15 are arranged close to the mounting surface, so that a cable can be fixed nearby (the cable can be fixed on the mounting surface), increasing connection reliability. The design not only enables the input and output power flow of the whole direct current-direct current converter to be in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', the power loop is clear, the direct current bus is convenient to arrange in the middle, the electromagnetic interference of the power circuit is reduced on the whole, the arrangement of devices on the circuit board can be more reasonable, the space on the circuit board can be utilized to the maximum degree, and the problems that the circuit faults occur due to the fact that signals or lines are connected in a crossed mode can be avoided.
The DC-DC converter at least comprises a heat dissipation plate. When the direct current-direct current converter is designed, if the direct current-direct current converter comprises two heat dissipation plates, the heat dissipation plates can be used for dissipating heat of the device. The two heat dissipation plates are a first heat dissipation plate 11 and a second heat dissipation plate 13, a channel is formed between the first heat dissipation plate 11 and the second heat dissipation plate 13, and fins are arranged on the first heat dissipation plate 11 and the second heat dissipation plate 13; the bus capacitor 2 and the forward transformer 4 are arranged in the channel. Set up the heating panel on the circuit board and can give off the heat that the device operation produced on the circuit board effectively, can rationally divide the space on the circuit board through setting up a plurality of heating panels simultaneously to confirm the position of each device, form the passageway simultaneously between the heating panel on the circuit board, can utilize the passageway to give off the heat that other devices that generate heat of system produced and gathered fast, reinforcing total radiating effect. In addition, a high thermal conductive material, such as a thermal pad or thermal silicone grease, is disposed on the top of the first heat dissipation plate 11 and the second heat dissipation plate 13, so that heat of the heat dissipation plates can be conducted to the surface of the housing, and heat dissipation is performed by external air flow, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area.
Further, the booster circuit 7 includes: a third diode (D3), a first inductor (L1), a third power electronic switch (T3), and a first capacitor (C1), wherein the third diode and the third power electronic switch are disposed on a side surface of the first heat dissipation plate 11.
Further, the above-mentioned two-transistor forward primary side circuit 3 includes: the heat dissipation device comprises a fourth diode (D4), a fifth diode (D5), a first power electronic switch (T1) and a second power electronic switch (T2), wherein the fourth diode and the fifth diode are arranged on one side surface of a first heat dissipation plate 11, the first power electronic switch and the second power electronic switch are arranged on the other side surface of the first heat dissipation plate 11, the power electronic switches are attached to the heat dissipation plate, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high by matching the fin direction of the heat dissipation plate with the vertical direction of a channel in parallel.
Further, the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit includes: a sixth diode (D6), a seventh diode (D7), an eighth diode (D8), a ninth diode (D9), a second inductor (L2), a third inductor (L3), a third capacitor (C3), and a fourth capacitor (C4), wherein the sixth diode and the seventh diode are disposed on one side surface of the second heat dissipation plate 13, and the eighth diode and the ninth diode are disposed on the other side surface of the second heat dissipation plate 13.
The device in the different circuits is arranged on different heating panels, so that the space on the circuit board can be more effectively utilized, unnecessary space waste is avoided, and effective heat dissipation can be realized through the heating panels.
Further, the dc-dc converter further includes: a vertical plate 200, which is equivalent to a control board in the dc-dc converter, is disposed at a second end opposite to the first end on the substrate 100, and is vertically connected to the substrate 100, the control board (i.e., the vertical plate 200) and the power board (i.e., the substrate 100) in the dc-dc converter are separately disposed, the control signal is not easily interfered, and the control board is vertically mounted with respect to the power board, thereby saving space and reducing the length and size of the dc-dc converter; the flyback circuit 10 is provided on the vertical plate 200. Not only can the flyback circuit 10 be arranged by providing the vertical plate 200, but also a channel can be formed between the vertical plate 200 and the first heat dissipation plate 11, so that heat accumulated on the circuit board can be dissipated quickly. In addition, the radiating plate and the control board which are attached with the channel type field effect transistor are arranged nearby, the wiring distance of the weak current control signal on the power board is shortest, and the anti-interference performance is improved.
Further, the dc-dc converter further includes: the input EMI filter circuit 1 is arranged between an input terminal 14 and the bus capacitor 2 and is connected with the booster circuit 7, and the output EMI filter circuit 7 is arranged between the secondary side rectifying filter circuit 6 and an output terminal 15. The input EMI filter circuit 1 and the output filter circuit 7 are respectively provided at two corners of the first end portion. The input EMI filter circuit 1 and the output EMI filter circuit 6 are arranged at the corner of the same end part of the circuit board, so that the circuit board is more convenient to be connected with an external circuit, and external current can enter and exit the circuit board more reasonably.
When the specific setting is performed, the first heat dissipation plate 11 may be two heat dissipation plates arranged side by side, and then a corresponding device is disposed on each heat dissipation plate, and the specific setting manner is not described herein again.
Moreover, although exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope thereof includes any and all embodiments based on the disclosure with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., of various embodiments across), adaptations or alterations. The elements of the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the present specification or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. It is intended, therefore, that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims and their full scope of equivalents.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more versions thereof) may be used in combination with each other. For example, other embodiments may be used by those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the above description. In addition, in the foregoing detailed description, various features may be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as an intention that a disclosed feature not claimed is essential to any claim. Rather, the subject matter of the present disclosure may lie in less than all features of a particular disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description as examples or embodiments, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment, and it is contemplated that these embodiments may be combined with each other in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the disclosure should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
While the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations based on the concept of the present disclosure, and the modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the present disclosure as claimed.
Claims (22)
1. A dc-dc converter, comprising:
the device comprises a bus capacitor, a double-tube forward primary circuit, a forward transformer, a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit and a booster circuit; wherein,
one end of the bus capacitor is connected with the anode of an input power supply through a second diode, the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the cathode of the input power supply, two ends of the bus capacitor are also connected with the input end of the double-tube forward primary circuit, the output end of the double-tube forward primary circuit is connected with the input end of the forward transformer, the output end of the forward transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, and the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit is used as a power supply output end;
the boost circuit is arranged between the input power supply and the bus capacitor, and when the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter is reduced to a preset voltage value, the boost circuit is used for providing an output voltage higher than the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter and supplying power to the bus capacitor so as to maintain the voltage value of the bus capacitor higher than the lowest working voltage of the two-transistor forward primary circuit, the forward transformer and the secondary rectifying and filtering circuit at the rear stage.
2. The dc-dc converter of claim 1, further comprising:
the input end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with the input power supply, the first output end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with one end of a first diode, the second output end of the input EMI filter circuit is connected with one end of a resistor, and the second output end of the input EMI filter circuit is also connected with a fourth power electronic switch;
the other end of the first diode is connected with one end of a second diode, and the other end of the second diode is connected with one end of the bus capacitor; the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the other end of the resistor, and the other end of the bus capacitor is also connected with the fourth power electronic switch.
3. The dc-dc converter of claim 1, further comprising:
and the input end of the output EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the secondary side rectifying filter circuit, and the output end of the output EMI filter circuit is used as a power supply output end.
4. The dc-dc converter of claim 2, wherein the boost circuit comprises:
a third diode, a first inductor, a third power electronic switch, and a first capacitor; wherein,
the other end of the third diode is connected with one end of the bus capacitor, one end of the third diode is connected with one end of the first inductor, one end of the third diode is also connected with a drain electrode of a third power electronic switch, and a source electrode of the third power electronic switch is connected with the other end of the bus capacitor; the other end of the first inductor is connected with one end of the first diode, the other end of the first inductor is further connected with one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with a source electrode of the third power electronic switch.
5. The dc-dc converter of claim 2, wherein the input EMI filter circuit comprises:
the input end of the first common mode inductor is connected with the input power supply, and the output end of the first common mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the sixth capacitor.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the input EMI filter circuit comprises:
a second common mode inductor, the first common mode inductor, a fifth capacitor and a sixth capacitor;
the input end of the first common-mode inductor is connected with the input power supply, the output end of the first common-mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the fifth capacitor, the output end of the first common-mode inductor is further connected with the input end of the second common-mode inductor, and the output end of the second common-mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the sixth capacitor.
7. The dc-dc converter of claim 1, wherein the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit comprises:
a sixth diode, a seventh diode, a second inductor and a third capacitor; wherein,
one end of the sixth diode is connected with the first dotted end of the output end of the forward transformer, the other end of the sixth diode is connected with the other end of the seventh diode, the other end of the sixth diode is further connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the third capacitor, the other end of the third capacitor is respectively connected with one end of the seventh diode and the first non-dotted end of the output end of the forward transformer, and two ends of the third capacitor are used as the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit.
8. The dc-dc converter of claim 1, wherein the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit comprises:
a sixth diode, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a second inductor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; wherein,
one end of the sixth diode is connected with the first dotted end of the output end of the forward transformer, the other end of the sixth diode is connected with the other end of the seventh diode, the other end of the sixth diode is also connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the third capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is respectively connected with one end of the seventh diode, the first non-dotted end of the output end of the forward transformer and one end of the fourth capacitor;
one end of the eighth diode is connected with the second dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, the other end of the eighth diode is connected with the other end of the ninth diode, the other end of the eighth diode is further connected with one end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with one end of the third inductor, the other end of the third inductor is connected with one end of the ninth diode and the second non-dotted terminal of the output end of the forward transformer, and one end of the third inductor is grounded;
and one end of the third capacitor and the other end of the fourth capacitor are used as output ends of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit.
9. The dc-dc converter of claim 3, wherein the output EMI filter circuit comprises:
the input end of the third common-mode inductor is connected with the output end of the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, and the output end of the third common-mode inductor is connected in parallel with two ends of the seventh capacitor; and two ends of the seventh capacitor are used as the power supply output end.
10. The dc-dc converter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising:
the circuit comprises a detection circuit, a drive circuit and a flyback circuit;
the flyback circuit is connected with the bus capacitor and used for supplying power;
the detection circuit is connected with the drive circuit and used for detecting whether the voltage value of the bus capacitor is smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value or not and triggering the boosting circuit to work through the drive circuit when the voltage value of the bus capacitor is smaller than or equal to the preset voltage value.
11. A method of controlling a dc-dc converter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
detecting whether the input voltage value of the DC-DC converter is less than or equal to a preset voltage value;
and under the condition that the input voltage value is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, triggering the boosting circuit to work through the driving circuit so as to supply power to the bus capacitor through the boosting circuit, and maintaining the voltage value of the bus capacitor to be higher than the lowest working voltage of a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit, a forward transformer and a secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit of a secondary side of the secondary side.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein detecting whether the input voltage value of the dc-dc converter is less than or equal to the predetermined voltage value comprises:
detecting whether the input voltage value is in a descending stage;
detecting whether the input voltage value is less than or equal to the predetermined voltage value in a case where the input voltage value is in a falling phase.
13. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein after triggering the operation of the boost circuit by the driver circuit, further comprising:
detecting whether the input voltage value is reduced to a preset safe voltage value;
and in case of reducing to the predetermined safe voltage value, disconnecting the boosting circuit through the driving circuit.
14. A dc-dc converter, comprising:
the circuit comprises a substrate, wherein an input terminal and an output terminal are arranged at the first end part of the substrate, a bus capacitor, a double-tube forward primary circuit, a forward transformer and a secondary rectifying and filtering circuit which are sequentially connected in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction are further arranged on the substrate, and a booster circuit is arranged between the input terminal and the bus capacitor.
15. The dc-dc converter according to claim 14, further comprising at least one heat sink plate.
16. The DC-DC converter according to claim 15,
the at least one heating panel comprises a first heating panel and a second heating panel, a heat dissipation channel is formed between the first heating panel and the second heating panel, and the bus capacitor and the forward transformer are arranged in the heat dissipation channel.
17. The dc-dc converter of claim 16, wherein the boost circuit comprises:
the first diode, the second inductor, the second power electronic switch and the second capacitor are arranged on the side face of the first heat dissipation plate.
18. The dc-dc converter of claim 16, wherein the two-transistor forward primary circuit comprises:
the first heat dissipation plate comprises a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a first power electronic switch and a second power electronic switch, wherein the fourth diode and the fifth diode are arranged on one side face of the first heat dissipation plate, and the first power electronic switch and the second power electronic switch are arranged on the other side face of the first heat dissipation plate.
19. The dc-dc converter according to claim 16, wherein the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit comprises:
the second heat dissipation plate comprises a sixth diode, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a second inductor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, wherein the sixth diode and the seventh diode are arranged on one side face of the second heat dissipation plate, and the eighth diode and the ninth diode are arranged on the other side face of the second heat dissipation plate.
20. The dc-dc converter of claim 16, further comprising: the vertical plate is arranged at a second end part opposite to the first end part on the substrate and is vertically connected with the substrate, and a flyback circuit is arranged on the vertical plate.
21. The dc-dc converter according to any one of claims 14 to 20, further comprising: the input EMI filter circuit is arranged between the input terminal and the bus capacitor and connected with the booster circuit, and the output EMI filter circuit is arranged between the secondary side rectifying filter circuit and the output terminal.
22. The dc-dc converter of claim 21, wherein the input EMI filter circuit and the output filter circuit are disposed at two corners of the first end portion, respectively.
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