CN113832708A - 一种可视化变色除醛纸及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可视化变色除醛纸及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113832708A
CN113832708A CN202111182115.3A CN202111182115A CN113832708A CN 113832708 A CN113832708 A CN 113832708A CN 202111182115 A CN202111182115 A CN 202111182115A CN 113832708 A CN113832708 A CN 113832708A
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aldehyde
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CN113832708B (zh
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赵习
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Chuangti Zhongke Guangzhi Material Suzhou Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种可视化变色除醛纸及其制备方法，涉及除醛材料领域。本发明除醛纸是将复合除醛剂涂覆于惰性基材上，并印刷有变色油墨的记号或LOGO。本发明除醛纸能够在室温下迅速且不可逆地去除居住空间内对人体有害的醛类气体，且随着使用过程长短，通过基材表面变色油墨的颜色变化情况，提醒用户及时更换使用完毕的除醛纸，有效保障和控制了室内空间的含醛量，有益于使用者的健康安全。

Description

一种可视化变色除醛纸及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种除醛材料，具体是指一种可视化变色除醛纸及其制备方法。
背景技术
甲醛作为酚类和三聚氰胺类粘合剂的硬化剂，具有反应性高的特点，常被用于建筑材料和家具等。但由于甲醛刺激性强，具有细胞毒性的有害物质，因此需要将其作为环境污染物质分解除去。特别地，在室内环境中，甲醛作为住宅症候群的引发物质之一被越来越受关注，国标《民用建筑工程室内环境污染控制规范》GB50325-2020中设置了0.08mg/m3以下的室内环境指针值。
想要去除从房屋、家具等释放到居住空间的气体甲醛，除醛剂必须以比房屋、家具等释放出气体甲醛的速度更快的速度补充去除，直到气体甲醛不再释放，并且是不可逆的去除。除醛剂自身没有细菌的产生、异臭、刺激臭、引火、污染危害人体或周围环境等二次弊害，是实用性上极为重要的条件。如果不满足这些条件的话，作为相对现象，气体甲醛就会增加，实质上等同于完全没有去除效果，即使去除到某个点，之后反过来从去除剂中释放出气体甲醛，最终也是无法达到去除目的的。
已知去除室内环境中甲醛的方法有：将活性炭等吸附甲醛的吸附剂涂布在基材上；利用光催化剂涂布在基材上分解除去甲醛；利用二氧化氯气体进行除醛。但是，使用吸附剂的方法有被吸附甲醛再释放的危险；使用光触媒的方法需要光源，因此不适用于家具内部或空气调节器内部等不太透光的空间；使用二氧化氯气体可以进行除醛，但其本身释放危害人体健康的气体，美国环保署等为此做出严格的使用标准：8小时内吸入量为0.1ppm以下，国内商家所推商品的释放量远高于此限定值，有的高达500ppm。此外，市面上喷雾型商品较多，但是有害气体甲醛等醛类气体的散发根源在木制家具，抽屉等，除醛效果不能一直保持最佳。
涂有除醛剂的基材，比如碳纤维抄纸，在使用时，使用者不能够直观地看出抄纸到底吸收了多少甲醛，去除了多少甲醛，从而造成使用者逾期替换基材，基材中释放的甲醛或没除尽的甲醛反而会危害用户的健康安全。
此外，由于低浓度甲醛无色无味，用户不通过有效测试手段很难把控和了解喷剂或功能基材的使用寿命。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种可视化变色除醛纸及其制备方法。该除醛纸在室温下能够迅速且不可逆地除去从房屋、家具等释放到居住空间的气体甲醛并且提供不引起二次污染，不会劣化室内材质。通过变色油墨记号的变色，提醒用户及时更换使用完毕的功能纸，更新功能纸，有效保障控制室内空间的含甲醛量在极低值，保障使用者的健康安全。
本发明一方面提供了一种可视化变色除醛纸，包括主体和涂覆在所述主体上的复合除醛剂，所述主体为惰性基材，所述复合除醛剂的表面印刷有变色油墨；
所述复合除醛剂包括以下组分中的一种或多种：生物酶1wt％-2wt％、有机物A0.1wt％-20wt％和光催化剂1wt％-10wt％；
所述有机物A为有机酸或有机碱。
具体的，采用复合除醛剂，兼具各有效除醛成分，比如生物酶、有机酸/有机碱，通过相互有机相乘作用，起到高效、快速、不可逆地去除以甲醛为代表的醛类有害物，并将该配方去除剂涂覆于基材纸上。
优选地，所述生物酶选自甲醛脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、乙醇氧化酶和蛋白酶中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述有机酸选自苯甲酸、酒石酸、三氟乙酸、甲磺酸、苹果酸和乙酸中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述有机碱选自醇钠、羟基钠、苯基锂、二异丙基胺基锂和氨基酸中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述光触媒选自TiO2、ZnO、CdS、WO3、Fe2O3、PbS、SnO2、ZnS、SrTiO3和SiO2中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述惰性基材选自纤维素纸、碳纤维抄纸、芳纶纸、聚酯无纺布、聚丙烯无纺布或玻璃纤维抄纸。
优选地，所述变色油墨为经时变色油墨和/或甲醛反应变色油墨。
优选地，所述经时变色油墨包括含甲醛显色剂的微胶囊。
优选地，所述甲醛显色剂为3-甲基-2-苯并噻唑啉酮腙盐酸盐水合物(MBTH)与三价铁盐的混合物或4-氨基-3-联氨-5-疏基-1,2,4-三氮杂茂(AHMT)。
具体的，经时变色油墨是包括含甲醛显色剂的微胶囊的油墨，将其均匀涂布到基材上的指定部分(记号或LOGO部分)，从而获得含甲醛显色剂的微胶囊油墨层。该含有甲醛显色剂的微胶囊油墨层，既可随微小压力等刺激破裂溢出，也可随着时间的推移而逐渐释放。例如，通过含甲醛显色剂的微胶囊油墨层与显色剂层接触不显色，而是随着时间的推移，微胶囊层逐渐破裂，甲醛显色剂与显色剂相互接触反应，逐渐显色，色相由蓝变红。
优选地，所述甲醛反应变色油墨包括甲醛反应剂和显色剂。
优选地，所述甲醛反应剂为醇胺类化合物，所述醇胺类化合物选自HOCH2C(NH2)(CH3)CH2OH、HOCH2CH(OH)CH2NH2和HOCH2CH(NH2)CH2OH中的一种或多种。
具体的，甲醛反应变色油墨是含有甲醛反应剂和显色剂的油墨，将其均匀涂布到基材上的指定部分(记号或LOGO部分)，表层覆盖保护膜，按一定时间间隔去掉保护膜观察颜色变化。黄色越浅，表示甲醛含量越低，一定色度下表示甲醛低于0.08mg/m3。
本发明另一方面提供了一种可视化变色除醛纸的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将复合除醛剂涂覆于惰性基材表层，干燥，晾干后在复合除醛剂表层印刷经时变色油墨和/或甲醛测试变色油墨。
优选地，所述干燥的条件为165-170℃干燥2-3min。
具体的，一种可视化变色除醛纸的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将复合除醛剂涂覆于惰性基材表层，165-170℃下干燥2-3min，晾干后在复合除醛剂表层印刷经时变色油墨和/或甲醛测试变色油墨。
优选地，所述干燥的条件为170℃干燥2min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明可视化变色除醛纸在室温下能够迅速且不可逆地除去从房屋、家具等释放到居住空间内的醛类有害气体，并且不引起二次污染，不会劣化室内材质；
(2)本发明通过变色油墨记号或LOGO的变色，提醒用户及时更换使用完毕的除醛纸，有效控制了室内空间的含醛量处于极低值，保障了使用者的健康安全。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
将复合除醛剂均匀涂覆于纤维素纸表层，在170℃下干燥2min，晾干后，在该处理基材表层，使用AHMT经时变色油墨印刷LOGO。
复合除醛剂由以下组分构成：甲醛脱氢酶1wt％、苯甲酸10wt％、ZnO1wt％，余量为蒸馏水。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上，将AHMT经时变色油墨替换为甲醛反应变色油墨。
实施例3
在实施例1的基础上，将AHMT经时变色油墨替换为AHMT经时变色油墨和甲醛反应变色油墨组合。
实施例4-8
在实施例1的基础上将纤维素纸替换为碳纤维抄纸、芳纶纸、聚酯无纺布、聚丙烯无纺布或玻璃纤维抄纸。
实施例9-11
在实施例1的基础上将甲醛脱氢酶替换为过氧化氢酶、乙醇氧化酶或蛋白酶。
实施例12-21
在实施例1的基础上将苯甲酸替换为酒石酸、三氟乙酸、甲磺酸、苹果酸、乙酸、醇钠、羟基钠、苯基锂、二异丙基胺基锂或氨基酸。
实施例22-30
在实施例1的基础上将ZnO替换为TiO2、CdS、WO3、Fe2O3、PbS、SnO2、ZnS、SrTiO3或SiO2。
实施例31
在实施例1的基础上将170℃下干燥2min替换为165℃下干燥3min。
实施例32
在实施例1的基础上将复合除醛剂的各组分替换为以下组分：甲醛脱氢酶2wt％、苯甲酸20wt％、ZnO 10wt％，余量为蒸馏水。
实施例33
在实施例1的基础上将复合除醛剂的各组分替换为以下组分：甲醛脱氢酶1wt％、苯甲酸0.1wt％、ZnO 1wt％，余量为蒸馏水。
以上处理过的基材纸放入含2.0mg/m3甲醛浓度的0.1m3密闭抽屉，分别于0h、5h、12h、24h间隔取样进行检测。
比较例1
采用市面上不具备显色功能的某除醛产品A，相同时间间隔进行甲醛浓度检测。
检测方法
在0.1m3的密闭抽屉内，沿抽屉壁分别放置4枚待检测样品(15cm×45cm)。参考QBT2761-2006进行实验测试。检测仪器选用日本理研技器甲醛检知器FP-30。检测结果见表1。
表1检测结果
Figure BDA0003297694940000061
由表1可知，相同条件下，对比例1的除醛效果低于实施例1、实施例2和实施例3，且不具有除醛效果的可视化功能。
其中，在含甲醛浓度为2.0mg/m3的密闭空间内，实施例1在0h时LOGO标识处显色为蓝色；5h后颜色显色为蓝中微红，此时甲醛浓度为1.68mg/m3；12h后颜色中红色成分增加，甲醛浓度降为0.12mg/m3；24h后颜色变为红色，甲醛浓度降至0.07mg/m3。
实施例2在0h开始去除甲醛，5h后揭去LOGO标识1处保护膜，显色渐变深黄色，此时甲醛浓度降为1.73mg/m3；12h后揭去LOGO标识2处保护膜，显色渐变为浅黄色，甲醛浓度降为0.17mg/m3；24h后揭去LOGO标识3处保护膜，显色渐变为微黄色，甲醛浓度降为0.06mg/m3。
实施例3的除醛变色过程如实施例1和实施例2所示，前期除醛效果较好，后期与实施例1和实施例2除醛效果接近。
综上所述，本发明可视化变色除醛纸在室温下能够迅速且不可逆地去除居住空间内对人体有害的醛类气体，且随着使用过程长短，通过功能基材表面变色油墨的颜色变化情况，提醒用户及时更换使用完毕的除醛纸，有效控制了室内空间的含醛量，保障了使用者的健康安全。
显然，上述实施例仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

1.一种可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，包括主体和涂覆在所述主体上的复合除醛剂，所述主体为惰性基材，所述复合除醛剂的表面印刷有变色油墨；
所述复合除醛剂包括以下组分中的一种或多种：生物酶1wt％-2wt％、有机物A0.1wt％-20wt％和光触媒1wt％-10wt％；
所述有机物A为有机酸或有机碱。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述生物酶选自甲醛脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、乙醇氧化酶和蛋白酶中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述有机酸选自苯甲酸、酒石酸、三氟乙酸、甲磺酸、苹果酸和乙酸中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述有机碱选自醇钠、羟基钠、苯基锂、二异丙基胺基锂和氨基酸中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述光触媒选自TiO2、ZnO、CdS、WO3、Fe2O3、PbS、SnO2、ZnS、SrTiO3和SiO2中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述惰性基材选自纤维素纸、碳纤维抄纸、芳纶纸、聚酯无纺布、聚丙烯无纺布或玻璃纤维抄纸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述变色油墨为经时变色油墨和/或甲醛反应变色油墨。
8.根据权利要求7所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述经时变色油墨包括含甲醛显色剂的微胶囊。
9.根据权利要求7所述的可视化变色除醛纸，其特征在于，所述甲醛反应变色油墨包括甲醛反应剂和显色剂；所述甲醛反应剂为醇胺类化合物。
10.一种权利要求1-9中任一项所述可视化变色除醛纸的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将所述复合除醛剂涂覆于惰性基材表层，干燥，晾干后在所述复合除醛剂的表层印刷所述变色油墨。
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