CN113831111A - 一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113831111A
CN113831111A CN202111153432.2A CN202111153432A CN113831111A CN 113831111 A CN113831111 A CN 113831111A CN 202111153432 A CN202111153432 A CN 202111153432A CN 113831111 A CN113831111 A CN 113831111A
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carbon
carbon fiber
aluminum
sliding plate
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刘光良
李远兵
王海路
卫忠贤
刘华平
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Henan Xintuo Refractories Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法。其技术方案是：将碳纤维在浓度为5～10wt％的稀硝酸中超声分散，用水超声清洗，烘干，即得用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维；将用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在5～15wt％的硅溶胶中超声浸渍，烘干，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维。再将70～90wt％的板状刚玉、4～10wt％的氧化铝微粉、1～5wt％的石墨、3～10wt％的热固性酚醛树脂、1～6wt％的铝粉和0.2～0.4wt％的硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，压制成型，在190～220℃干燥24～36h；经钻孔、加箍、磨制、粘壳和涂面，制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。本发明工艺简单和生产成本低；所制制品具有高强度、高韧性，抗强化、抗热震和抗侵蚀能力性能优异和使用寿命长的特点。

Description

一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于不烧铝碳滑板技术领域。具体涉及一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法。
背景技术
滑板作为炼钢连铸用的关键功能性元件，起到钢水流通、控制钢水流量的作用。在实际应用过程中，滑板的质量与现场生产安全息息相关。且随着钢铁工业的发展，钢铁品种结构不断深化，尤其是特种钢的批量生产和应用，对滑板的侵蚀和氧化更加剧烈，更易造成滑板的氧化开裂和扩孔失效。近年来，不烧或轻烧滑板虽能克服所述滑板的一些缺陷，但其强度、韧性、抗氧化和抗侵蚀等能力仍有待提高。
目前，已有提高不烧滑板的抗氧化性、韧性和抗热震性的技术公开，如“一种合金结合的不烧滑板”(CN104311075A)专利技术，该技术通过加入铝镁合金，运用其熔点低和易氧化的特点，虽使滑板的抗氧化性、强度和抗热震性略有提高，但铝镁合金的价格偏高，不仅增加了原材料的成本，且由于金属铝粉和铝镁合金在原料中占比高达11wt％，将会向钢水中引入大量的杂质，降低钢的洁净度，因此，该技术难以满足目前对钢的洁净度不断提高的技术要求。另如“一种浇注高锰钢用金属铝结合无硅低碳铝锆碳滑板及其生产方法”(CN106699142B)专利技术，该技术主要通过加入氧化锆细粉，运用其相变增韧及抗侵蚀性能较好的特点，滑板的韧性、抗热震性和抗侵蚀性仍有待提高，但是氧化锆细粉的价格较高，提高了滑板的生产成本。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术缺陷，目的是提供一种工艺简单和成本低廉和的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法；用该方法制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板不仅强度高、韧性好和使用寿命长，且抗氧化、抗热震和抗侵蚀能力优异。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
步骤一、先将碳纤维在浓度为5～10wt％的稀硝酸中超声分散1～2h，再用水超声清洗15～30min，然后于50～80℃条件下烘干4～8h，即得用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维。
步骤二、将所述用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在5～15wt％的硅溶胶中超声浸渍15～20min，再于50～80℃条件下烘干4～8h，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维。
步骤三、将70～90wt％的板状刚玉、4～10wt％的氧化铝微粉、1～5wt％的石墨、3～10wt％的热固性酚醛树脂、1～6wt％的铝粉和0.2～0.4wt％的硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，即得混合料；将所述混合料压制成型，在190～220℃条件下干燥24～36h，经钻孔、加箍、磨制、粘壳和涂面，制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。
所述碳纤维的直径为5～10μm，长度为4～13mm；碳纤维的C含量≥95wt％。
所述氧化铝微粉纯度大于99％，氧化铝微粉的平均粒径小于5μm。
所述铝粉的粒度小于0.088mm。
所述板状刚玉的粒径为5～0.1mm。
所述石墨的粒度≤10μm；所述石墨的C含量≥98.5wt％。
由于采用上述技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比具有以下积极效果：
1、本发明先将碳纤维在稀硝酸中超声分散，用水超声清洗，烘干；再于硅溶胶中超声浸渍，烘干，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维。然后将板状刚玉、氧化铝微粉、石墨、热固性酚醛树脂、铝粉和硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，压制成型，干燥，经处理后制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。本发明所制制品不需烧成和浸油，工艺简单，生产成本低廉。
2、本发明制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板，由于具有增加材料韧性和强度等优异性能的碳纤维的加入，使得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的强度、韧性和抗热震性得到显著提高。
3、本发明将稀硝酸在碳纤维表面进行刻蚀，增加了碳纤维的表面粗糙度，然后将用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在硅溶胶中进行浸渍，使其表面包覆一层氧化硅。包覆氧化硅的碳纤维在高温下会发生化学反应，生成的碳化硅晶须能阻碍碳纤维的氧化，进一步提高了加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的强度、韧性、抗热震和抗侵蚀能力。
4、本发明制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板在实际应用中能连滑3～5次，相同使用次数下完整性更好，使用寿命长。达到了节能减排、提高生产安全和生产效益的积极效果。
本发明制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板经检测：显气孔率为6～11％；体积密度为2.8～3.1g/cm3；常温耐压强度为55～110MPa；常温抗折强度为9～18MPa；使用寿命为3～5次。
因此，本发明工艺简单和生产成本低；所制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板不仅强度高、韧性好和使用寿命长，且抗氧化、抗热震和抗侵蚀能力优异。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的描述，并非对本发明保护范围的限制。
为避免重复，先将本具体实施方式所涉及到的原料统一描述如下：
所述碳纤维的直径为5～10μm，长度为4～13mm；碳纤维的C含量≥95wt％。
所述氧化铝微粉纯度大于99％，氧化铝微粉的平均粒径小于5μm。
所述铝粉的粒度小于0.088mm。
所述板状刚玉的粒径为5～0.1mm。
所述石墨的粒度≤10μm；所述石墨的C含量≥98.5wt％。
实施例中不再赘述。
实施例1
一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法是：
步骤一、先将碳纤维在浓度为5～7wt％的稀硝酸中超声分散1～2h，再用水超声清洗15～20min，然后于50～60℃条件下烘干4～5h，即得用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维。
步骤二、将所述用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在5～8wt％的硅溶胶中超声浸渍15～17min，再于50～60℃条件下烘干4～5h，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维。
步骤三、将70～76wt％的板状刚玉、8～10wt％的氧化铝微粉、3～5wt％的石墨、8～10wt％的热固性酚醛树脂、4～6wt％的铝粉和0.3～0.4wt％的硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，即得混合料；将所述混合料压制成型，在190～200℃条件下干燥24～28h；经钻孔、加箍、磨制、粘壳和涂面，制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。
本实施例制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板经检测：显气孔率为6～10％；体积密度为2.9～3.1g/cm3；常温耐压强度为70～110MPa；常温抗折强度为12～18MPa；使用寿命为4～5次。
实施例2
一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法是：
步骤一、先将碳纤维在浓度为7～8wt％的稀硝酸中超声分散1～2h，再用水超声清洗20～25min，然后于60～70℃条件下烘干5～6h，即得用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维。
步骤二、将所述用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在8～12wt％的硅溶胶中超声浸渍17～18min，再于60～70℃条件下烘干5～6h，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维。
步骤三、将76～83wt％的板状刚玉、6～8wt％的氧化铝微粉、2～4wt％的石墨、5～8wt％的热固性酚醛树脂、2～4wt％的铝粉和0.2～0.3wt％的硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，即得混合料；将所述混合料压制成型，在200～210℃条件下干燥28～32h；经钻孔、加箍、磨制、粘壳和涂面，制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。
本实施例制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板经检测：显气孔率为8～11％；体积密度为2.8～2.9g/cm3；常温耐压强度为55～90MPa；常温抗折强度为9～15MPa；使用寿命为3～4次。
实施例3
一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法是：
步骤一、先将碳纤维在浓度为8～10wt％的稀硝酸中超声分散1～2h，再用水超声清洗25～30min，然后于70～80℃条件下烘干6～8h，即得用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维。
步骤二、将所述用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在12～15wt％的硅溶胶中超声浸渍18～20min，再于70～80℃条件下烘干6～8h，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维。
步骤三、将83～90wt％的板状刚玉、4～6wt％的氧化铝微粉、1～3wt％的石墨、3～5wt％的热固性酚醛树脂、1～3wt％的铝粉和0.3～0.4wt％的硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，即得混合料；将所述混合料压制成型，在210～220℃条件下干燥32～36h；经钻孔、加箍、磨制、粘壳和涂面，制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。
本实施例制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板经检测：显气孔率为7～10％；体积密度为2.9～3.0g/cm3；常温耐压强度为60～95MPa；常温抗折强度为10～16MPa；使用寿命为4～5次。
本具体实施方式与现有技术相比具有以下积极效果：
1、本具体实施方式先将碳纤维在稀硝酸中超声分散，用水超声清洗，烘干；再于硅溶胶中超声浸渍，烘干，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维。然后将板状刚玉、氧化铝微粉、石墨、热固性酚醛树脂、铝粉和硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，压制成型，干燥，经处理后制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。本具体实施方式所制制品不需烧成和浸油，工艺简单，生产成本低廉。
2、本具体实施方式制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板，由于具有增加材料韧性和强度等优异性能的碳纤维的加入，使得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的强度、韧性和抗热震性得到显著提高。
3、本具体实施方式将稀硝酸在碳纤维表面进行刻蚀，增加了碳纤维的表面粗糙度，然后将用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在硅溶胶中进行浸渍，使其表面包覆一层氧化硅。包覆氧化硅的碳纤维在高温下会发生化学反应，生成的碳化硅晶须能阻碍碳纤维的氧化，进一步提高了加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的强度、韧性、抗热震和抗侵蚀能力。
4、本具体实施方式制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板在实际应用中能连滑3～5次，相同使用次数下完整性更好，使用寿命长。达到了节能减排、提高生产安全和生产效益的积极效果。
本具体实施方式制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板经检测：显气孔率为6～11％；体积密度为2.8～3.1g/cm3；常温耐压强度为55～110MPa；常温抗折强度为9～18MPa；使用寿命为3～5次。
因此，本具体实施方式工艺简单和生产成本低；所制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板不仅强度高、韧性好和使用寿命长，且抗氧化、抗热震和抗侵蚀能力优异。

Claims (7)

1.一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法，其特征在于所述制备方法是：
步骤一、先将碳纤维在浓度为5～10wt％的稀硝酸中超声分散1～2h，再用水超声清洗15～30min，然后于50～80℃条件下烘干4～8h，即得用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维；
步骤二、将所述用硝酸刻蚀后的碳纤维在5～15wt％的硅溶胶中超声浸渍15～20min，再于50～80℃条件下烘干4～8h，即得硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维；
步骤三、将70～90wt％的板状刚玉、4～10wt％的氧化铝微粉、1～5wt％的石墨、3～10wt％的热固性酚醛树脂、1～6wt％的铝粉和0.2～0.4wt％的硅溶胶包覆的碳纤维混合均匀，即得混合料；将所述混合料压制成型，在190～220℃条件下干燥24～36h，经钻孔、加箍、磨制、粘壳和涂面，制得加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法，其特征在于所述碳纤维的直径为5～10μm，长度为4～13mm；碳纤维的C含量≥95wt％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法，其特征在于所述氧化铝微粉纯度大于99％，氧化铝微粉的平均粒径小于5μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法，其特征在于所述铝粉的粒度小于0.088mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法，其特征在于所述板状刚玉的粒径为5～0.1mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法，其特征在于所述石墨的粒度≤10μm；所述石墨的C含量≥98.5wt％。
7.一种加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板，其特征在于所述加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板是根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板的制备方法所制备的加入碳纤维的不烧铝碳滑板。
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