CN113830979A - Microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage - Google Patents
Microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN113830979A CN113830979A CN202111412138.9A CN202111412138A CN113830979A CN 113830979 A CN113830979 A CN 113830979A CN 202111412138 A CN202111412138 A CN 202111412138A CN 113830979 A CN113830979 A CN 113830979A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage, which comprises the following steps of S1: collecting sewage; s2: filtering impurities; s3: primary precipitation; s4: primary separation; s5: microbial decomposition; s6: secondary precipitation; s7: secondary separation; s8: and (5) discharging. The invention adopts the relatively economic bacillus natto active microbial agent which can propagate in large quantity as long as water and oxygen bacillus natto exist, inhibits microbial flora in sewage, achieves the aim of purifying water quality for a long time, has no pollution to fish school, and overcomes the defects of easy rebound, easy secondary pollution, high maintenance cost and the like of the traditional treatment method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly culture production, in particular to a method for treating culture sewage by microorganisms.
Background
The water without the original use function is referred to as sewage for short, and the sewage refers to sewage from life and production which is polluted to a certain extent, wherein the domestic sewage comprises human domestic sewage and animal breeding sewage, the domestic sewage contains more organic matters, and the recycling value is high.
The distributed treatment effect to sewage is not good to current in-process to sewage treatment, is not convenient for do further shunting purification with the sewage body, and it is great to crossing the loss of filter core in the aspect of corresponding sewage is mingled with mud and is handled together, is unfavorable for doing more systematic filtration to the water that has used for a long time, is rich in harmful microbial contamination in the sewage, and this type of microbial contamination gets up the means comparatively single, causes the secondary pollution of sewage easily, has increaseed the sewage treatment degree of difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating microbes in aquaculture sewage to solve the problems that the sewage is rich in harmful microbes and has single treatment means, secondary pollution of the sewage is easily caused, and the sewage treatment difficulty is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting sewage, namely collecting the culture sewage into a sewage storage container;
s2: filtering impurities, namely filtering solid impurities in the culture sewage before the culture sewage enters a sewage storage container;
s3: performing primary sedimentation, namely performing primary sedimentation on the aquaculture sewage in the primary sewage storage container after standing, so that water and sediment are separated for the first time;
s4: performing primary separation, namely performing primary separation on the water and the precipitate separated out at the primary separation, draining the precipitate, and keeping a water body part;
s5: microbial decomposition, namely putting a microbial agent into the separated water body to carry out microbial decomposition on the sewage;
s6: secondary sedimentation, namely standing the sewage subjected to microbial decomposition for secondary sedimentation, wherein sedimentation is carried out while decomposition is carried out, and water and sediment are secondarily separated;
s7: performing secondary separation, namely performing secondary separation on the water and the precipitate separated out in the secondary separation, draining the precipitate, and taking a water body part;
s8: discharging, namely discharging the water body subjected to secondary separation into an aquatic product culture pond;
wherein the culture sewage in the step S1 is animal culture sewage or fish culture sewage or domestic sewage in a pond, the sewage storage container is a tower-type PE plastic container, a glass fiber reinforced plastic container or an open-air sewage collecting tank, and the microbial agent in the step S5 is a bacillus natto active microbial agent.
Preferably, in step S1, the worker pumps the cultivation sewage in the cultivation sewage pool by means of the water pump, transports the cultivation sewage along the water pipe by utilizing the pressurization of the water pump, and finally reaches the sewage storage container for centralized collection; the water pump is a PW type horizontal centrifugal pump, a WL vertical sewage pump or a ZLB type vertical axial-flow pump. The water pump has the characteristics of blockage prevention, stable water outlet, low lift and large flow, can stably pump out the breeding sewage rich in microorganisms, and is suitable for short-distance water delivery.
Preferably, according to step S2: s21, according to the capacity of the open-air sewage collecting pool, when the pool is full of sewage, the water pump automatically stops injecting water under the control of the electronic water level switch; s22, processing floating objects: the method comprises the following steps that a worker firstly removes floating materials on the water surface, the removing means is that anionic polyacrylamide is utilized to flocculate into a cluster to form sticky materials, wherein when a granular polyacrylamide flocculant is adopted as an anionic polyacrylamide flocculant, the granular polyacrylamide flocculant is dissolved in tap water before use, the concentration of an aqueous solution of the polyacrylamide flocculant is 0.1% -0.3%, the granular polyacrylamide is used for treating sewage, fish scales, solid floating feed or suspended flocculent fish scale tissues in culture water are removed, the polyacrylamide flocculant adsorbs suspended particles in the water, the purpose of linking and bridging is achieved among the particles, the fine particles slowly form large floccules, the speed of precipitation is increased, the temporary treatment effect after the granular polyacrylamide is mixed with the sewage is achieved, the solid particles in the water are mixed and precipitated, and then the precipitate is retained by a screen; when the granular polyacrylamide flocculant is hydrolyzed in tap water, the alumina is dripped to increase the viscosity of the precipitate and gelatinize the precipitate, and at the moment, a large amount of caked colloid structures are generated in the sewage in the tank, and the reaction is stood to be carried out until the precipitate is completely precipitated at the bottom in the water.
Step S21 can control the sewage pumping amount to avoid overflow; it should be noted that: the granular polyacrylamide flocculant can not be directly added into sewage, and must be dissolved in tap water before use, and its aqueous solution can be used for treating sewage, so as to remove fish scales, solid floating feed or suspended flocculent fish scale tissues in the culture water; after the polyacrylamide flocculant polymer solution is added into the aquaculture sewage, suspended particles in water can be conveniently adsorbed, the purpose of bridging is achieved among the particles, fine particles slowly form larger floccules, the sedimentation speed is accelerated, and the mixed sedimentation of solid particles in water is realized through the transient treatment effect after the polyacrylamide flocculant polymer solution is mixed with the sewage.
Preferably, according to the step S3, the standing time is 12-24 hours, the settling mode is that the settling mode is a mode of utilizing a sewage settling pond, a grit chamber, a horizontal flow type settling pond and an inclined plate settling pond, when the settling treatment is carried out, whether the step S4 needs to be carried out is judged according to the turbidity degree of the water surface, in the standing process, a fiber rotating disc with the filtering function is placed in a sewage storage container, the fiber rotating disc is a physical type filter, and after the step S4 is finished, the fiber rotating disc is directly taken out and washed for repeated use; the bottom of the sewage sedimentation tank, the grit chamber, the horizontal flow sedimentation tank and the inclined plate sedimentation tank is provided with a bottom fishing net, the bottom of the tank is paved in advance, and solid gravel is subsequently separated during standing and sedimentation.
Standing does not mean that no treatment is carried out, the sewage after standing is subjected to intervention, physical filtration is carried out by putting a fiber rotary disc with a filtration effect, the sewage flows outwards and inwards, enters a filter tank along with gravity flow, the fiber rotary disc is ensured to be immersed in the sewage, a water distribution weir is arranged, so that the water distribution is uniform, the inflow water generates low disturbance, the sewage is filtered by filter cloth, and filtrate is collected by a hollow tube and then discharged by an effluent weir; the fiber turntable can be directly washed and reused, and is economical and practical.
Preferably, according to step S4: the first separation adopts a sewage gravity separation treatment method, which specifically comprises a sedimentation method and an upward floating method by utilizing the self density of water, wherein when the specific gravity of a separation product is smaller than that of sewage, suspended matters are formed, and when the specific gravity of the separation product is larger than that of the sewage, precipitates are formed; when the specific gravity of sticky substances generated by the polyacrylamide flocculant polymer solution is smaller than that of sewage, and separation is carried out, a screen is prepared to intercept in the tank in a reciprocating way, and the polyacrylamide flocculant close to the center of the tank is expanded to the bank to be lifted to the bank for separation; when the specific gravity of the separated product is greater than that of sewage to form sediment, the separation mode of the bottom fishing net is adopted, workers continuously spill the net and then pull the net to the shore, and the flocculated sticky structure can be covered by the net to realize separation.
The main factors of the settling or floating speed are: particle density, particle size, liquid temperature, liquid density, and absolute viscosity.
Preferably, according to the step S5, the bacillus natto active microbial agent adopted by the microbial agent is a bacillus natto active microbial agent, the bacillus natto active microbial agent is used for performing bacteriostasis and sterilization treatment on microbes in the water body, the bacillus natto active microbial agent is added according to the water body capacity and the decomposition speed in the sewage storage container, and the decomposition speed is faster as the concentration of the bacillus natto active microbial agent in the water body is higher.
Preferably, the preparation method of the bacillus natto active microbial agent is that natto is prepared by fermenting at proper temperature for a long time and is prepared into powder or liquid, and when the bacillus natto active microbial agent is used, the bacillus natto is only required to be mixed and sprinkled in water according to a proportion.
Preferably, according to step S6, the secondary sedimentation is to sediment the sewage after the microorganism is decomposed, when the microorganism decomposes the sewage, the particles are decomposed, and after the particles are agglomerated, the particles are settled at the bottom of the water body, which is specifically: s61, mainly using ferric hydroxide, wherein the concentration of ferric ions is 0.01mol/L, namely when the pH value is more than 2.6, precipitation begins to occur, the problem of ferric hydroxide precipitation is effectively solved, and the precipitation of iron-containing substances in the sewage is guaranteed; s62, acidifying with earth acid consisting of a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid to generate fluorine-containing precipitates; and S63, standing in the secondary grit chamber to wait for the separation of water and sediment, wherein the separated sediment needs to be pumped into the position of the secondary grit chamber for filtering, and a filtering cover is sleeved in the pump to separate water and polluted particles.
The iron hydroxide Ksp =10-37 at normal temperature, and when the iron ion concentration is 0.01mol/L, [ H ] =2.3x10-3 is calculated. When the pH value is more than 2.6, precipitation begins to occur, so that the problem of ferric hydroxide precipitation is effectively solved, and the precipitation of iron-containing substances in the sewage is ensured; the alkaline earth acid is used for acidification, fluorine is introduced, so that some fluorine-containing precipitates are generated, and the main acid solution in the latest acidification technology does not contain fluorine, so that the problem of fluorine precipitation is reduced.
Preferably, in the step S7 and the step S8, the secondary separation is that a sand collecting hopper is arranged at the lower part of the secondary sedimentation tank, particulate matters with specific gravity heavier than water can be settled in the sand collecting hopper, and particulate matters with specific gravity lighter than water are intercepted in a reciprocating manner through a screen mesh to realize the separation of sewage and sediments, a filter screen for filtering is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank, the separated water body is pumped out through a water pump, at the moment, the particulate matters in the water body can remain on the surface of the filter screen mesh, and the water body after the secondary separation is discharged into an aquatic product culture tank; the filter screen is made of a wire-wound screen pipe, a filter screen plate or an active carbon filter layer; the filter screen shines the suction inlet that the cover connects at the suction pump for the water filters, can separate the pollutant in the sewage pond this moment.
Preferably, in step S8, before discharging the water body after the secondary separation into the aquatic product culture pond, the water quality of the water body after the secondary separation needs to be checked, and first, whether the water quality meets the aquatic product culture standard is checked, and if the water quality does not meet the culture standard, the operations of steps S5-S7 need to be repeated; secondly, testing the content of the microbial agent in the water body, and adding the microbial agent when the content of the flora is lower than 2 cfu/ml; wherein, the aquatic product breeding standard is as follows: observing the content of fine material floating objects in the water body, and placing the water body under an optical microscope to observe the reproduction speed of flora in the sewage water body, wherein the pH value of the flora suitable for the survival of fish shoals in water is lower than 6-9 pH; the content standard of the microbial inoculum is as follows: and judging whether the content of the microbial agent in the water body can be subjected to continuous bacterial decomposition or not according to the microscopic judgment, and judging the decomposition duration according to the decomposition speed per milliliter so as to master the content of the microbial agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the relatively economic bacillus natto active microbial agent can propagate in a large amount as long as water and oxygen bacillus natto exist, so that microbial flora in sewage is inhibited, the aim of purifying water for a long time is fulfilled, the method has no pollution to fish shoal, overcomes the defects of easy rebound, easy secondary pollution, high maintenance cost and the like of the traditional treatment method, directly solves the difficult problem of continuously and regularly putting the biological agent, has ideal effects of quick response and the like, effectively removes microorganisms in water, adopts sterilization reaction of bacillus natto activity microorganisms, can quickly carry out degradation reaction with the microorganisms in the water when the characteristics of the bacteria are mixed in the water, thereby achieving the aim of quick sterilization, the bacillus natto is beneficial bacteria with acid resistance and heat resistance, meanwhile, the bacillus subtilis has strong pathogenic bacteria inhibition capability, and is one of various beneficial bacteria with best environmental tolerance;
2. when the bacillus natto active microbial agent is used for aquatic product cultivation, the problem that saprolegnia fungi often infect body surface injured tissues and dead eggs is solved, the disease resistance of a high fish body is improved, and the situation that the fish is extruded to drop scales due to high-density cultivation or the fish body is injured as far as possible in the fishing and transportation processes can be avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process flow structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a technical solution provided by the present invention is a method for treating microorganisms in aquaculture wastewater, comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting sewage, namely collecting the culture sewage into a sewage storage container;
s2: filtering impurities, namely filtering solid impurities in the culture sewage before the culture sewage enters a sewage storage container;
s3: performing primary sedimentation, namely performing primary sedimentation on the aquaculture sewage in the primary sewage storage container after standing, so that water and sediment are separated for the first time;
s4: performing primary separation, namely performing primary separation on the water and the precipitate separated out at the primary separation, draining the precipitate, and keeping a water body part;
s5: microbial decomposition, namely putting a microbial agent into the separated water body to carry out microbial decomposition on the sewage;
s6: secondary sedimentation, namely standing the sewage subjected to microbial decomposition for secondary sedimentation, wherein sedimentation is carried out while decomposition is carried out, and water and sediment are secondarily separated;
s7: performing secondary separation, namely performing secondary separation on the water and the precipitate separated out in the secondary separation, draining the precipitate, and taking a water body part;
s8: discharging, namely discharging the water body subjected to secondary separation into an aquatic product culture pond;
wherein the culture sewage in the step S1 is animal culture sewage or fish culture sewage or domestic sewage in a pond, the sewage storage container is a tower-type PE plastic container, a glass fiber reinforced plastic container or an open-air sewage collecting tank, and the microbial agent in the step S5 is a bacillus natto active microbial agent.
In this embodiment, in step S1, the worker pumps the cultivation sewage in the cultivation sewage pool by the water pump, transports the cultivation sewage along the water pipe by the pressurization of the water pump, and finally reaches the sewage storage container for centralized collection; the water pump is a PW type horizontal centrifugal pump, a WL vertical sewage pump or a ZLB type vertical axial flow pump, has the characteristics of blockage prevention, stable water outlet, low lift and large flow, can be used for stably pumping out the breeding sewage rich in microorganisms, and is suitable for short-distance water delivery.
In this embodiment, according to step S2: s21, according to the capacity of the open-air sewage collecting pool, when the pool is full of sewage, the water pump automatically stops injecting water under the control of an electronic water level switch (the electronic water level switch can select a water level controller BZ201 of Shanghai Bo-Mi' S Instrument Co., Ltd.); s22, processing floating objects: the method comprises the following steps that a worker firstly removes floating materials on the water surface, the removing means is that anionic polyacrylamide is utilized to flocculate into a cluster to form sticky materials, wherein when a granular polyacrylamide flocculant is adopted as an anionic polyacrylamide flocculant, the granular polyacrylamide flocculant is dissolved in tap water before use, the concentration of an aqueous solution of the polyacrylamide flocculant is 0.1% -0.3%, the granular polyacrylamide is used for treating sewage, fish scales, solid floating feed or suspended flocculent fish scale tissues in culture water are removed, the polyacrylamide flocculant adsorbs suspended particles in the water, the purpose of linking and bridging is achieved among the particles, the fine particles slowly form large floccules, the speed of precipitation is increased, the temporary treatment effect after the granular polyacrylamide is mixed with the sewage is achieved, the solid particles in the water are mixed and precipitated, and then the precipitate is retained by a screen; when the granular polyacrylamide flocculant is hydrolyzed in tap water, the alumina is dripped to increase the viscosity of the precipitate and gelatinize the precipitate, and at the moment, a large amount of caked colloid structures are generated in the sewage in the tank, and the reaction is stood to be carried out until the precipitate is completely precipitated at the bottom in the water.
Step S21 can control the sewage pumping amount to avoid overflow; it should be noted that: the granular polyacrylamide flocculant can not be directly added into sewage, and must be dissolved in tap water before use, and its aqueous solution can be used for treating sewage, so as to remove fish scales, solid floating feed or suspended flocculent fish scale tissues in the culture water; after the polyacrylamide flocculant polymer solution is added into the aquaculture sewage, suspended particles in water can be conveniently adsorbed, the purpose of bridging is achieved among the particles, fine particles slowly form larger floccules, the sedimentation speed is accelerated, and the mixed sedimentation of solid particles in water is realized through the transient treatment effect after the polyacrylamide flocculant polymer solution is mixed with the sewage.
In the embodiment, according to the step S3, the standing time is 12 to 24 hours, the way of precipitation is to use the way of standing precipitation in a sewage sedimentation tank, a grit chamber, a horizontal sedimentation tank and an inclined plate sedimentation tank, when performing precipitation treatment, whether to perform the step S4 is judged according to the turbidity of the water surface, in the process of standing, a fiber turntable with a filtering function is placed in a sewage storage container, the fiber turntable is a physical type filter, and after the step S4 is finished, the fiber turntable is directly taken out and washed for reuse; the bottom of the sewage sedimentation tank, the grit chamber, the horizontal flow sedimentation tank and the inclined plate sedimentation tank is provided with a bottom fishing net, the bottom of the tank is paved in advance, and solid gravel is subsequently separated during standing and sedimentation.
Standing does not mean that no treatment is carried out, the sewage after standing is subjected to intervention, physical filtration is carried out by putting a fiber rotary disc with a filtration effect, the sewage flows outwards and inwards, enters a filter tank along with gravity flow, the fiber rotary disc is ensured to be immersed in the sewage, a water distribution weir is arranged, so that the water distribution is uniform, the inflow water generates low disturbance, the sewage is filtered by filter cloth, and filtrate is collected by a hollow tube and then discharged by an effluent weir; the fiber turntable can be directly washed and reused, and is economical and practical.
In this embodiment, according to step S4: the first separation adopts a sewage gravity separation treatment method, which specifically comprises a sedimentation method and an upward floating method by utilizing the self density of water, wherein when the specific gravity of a separation product is smaller than that of sewage, suspended matters are formed, and when the specific gravity of the separation product is larger than that of the sewage, precipitates are formed; when the specific gravity of sticky substances generated by the polyacrylamide flocculant polymer solution is smaller than that of sewage, and separation is carried out, a screen is prepared to intercept in the tank in a reciprocating way, and the polyacrylamide flocculant close to the center of the tank is expanded to the bank to be lifted to the bank for separation; when the specific gravity of the separated product is greater than that of sewage to form sediment, the separation mode of the bottom fishing net is adopted, workers continuously spill the net and then pull the net to the shore, and the flocculated sticky structure can be covered by the net to realize separation.
The main factors of the settling or floating speed are: particle density, particle size, liquid temperature, liquid density, and absolute viscosity.
In this embodiment, according to the step S5, the bacillus natto active microbial agent used as the microbial agent is a bacillus natto active microbial agent, and the bacillus natto active microbial agent is used to perform bacteriostatic and sterilization treatment on microbes in the water body, and the bacillus natto active microbial agent is added according to the water body capacity and the decomposition speed in the sewage storage container, and the decomposition speed is faster as the concentration of the bacillus natto active microbial agent in the water body is higher.
In the embodiment, the preparation method of the bacillus natto active microbial agent is that natto is prepared by fermenting at a proper temperature for a long time and is prepared into powder or liquid, and when the bacillus natto active microbial agent is used, only the bacillus natto is mixed and sprayed in water according to a proportion.
In this embodiment, according to the step S6, the secondary sedimentation is to sediment the sewage after the decomposition of the microorganisms, when the microorganisms decompose the sewage, the particles are decomposed, and after the particles are agglomerated, the particles are settled at the bottom of the water body, which is specifically: s61, mainly using ferric hydroxide, wherein the concentration of ferric ions is 0.01mol/L, namely when the pH value is more than 2.6, precipitation begins to occur, the problem of ferric hydroxide precipitation is effectively solved, and the precipitation of iron-containing substances in the sewage is guaranteed; s62, acidifying with earth acid consisting of a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid to generate fluorine-containing precipitates; and S63, standing in the secondary grit chamber to wait for the separation of water and sediment, wherein the separated sediment needs to be pumped into the position of the secondary grit chamber for filtering, and a filtering cover is sleeved in the pump to separate water and polluted particles.
The iron hydroxide Ksp =10-37 at normal temperature, and when the iron ion concentration is 0.01mol/L, [ H ] =2.3x10-3 is calculated. When the pH value is more than 2.6, precipitation begins to occur, so that the problem of ferric hydroxide precipitation is effectively solved, and the precipitation of iron-containing substances in the sewage is ensured; the alkaline earth acid is used for acidification, fluorine is introduced, so that some fluorine-containing precipitates are generated, and the main acid solution in the latest acidification technology does not contain fluorine, so that the problem of fluorine precipitation is reduced.
In this embodiment, in steps S7 and S8, the secondary separation is performed by disposing a sand collecting hopper at the lower part of the secondary sedimentation tank, the particulate matter with a specific gravity higher than that of water is settled in the sand collecting hopper, and the particulate matter with a specific gravity lower than that of water is intercepted back and forth by a screen mesh to separate sewage from sediment, a filter screen for filtering is disposed in the secondary sedimentation tank, the separated water body is pumped by a suction pump, and at this time, the particulate matter in the water body remains on the surface of the filter screen mesh, and the water body after the secondary separation is discharged to an aquatic product culture tank; the filter screen is made of a wire-wound screen pipe, a filter screen plate or an active carbon filter layer; the filter screen shines the suction inlet that the cover connects at the suction pump for the water filters, can separate the pollutant in the sewage pond this moment.
In this embodiment, in step S8, before discharging the water body after the secondary separation to the aquatic product culture pond, water quality inspection needs to be performed on the water body after the secondary separation, and first, it is inspected whether the water quality meets the aquatic product culture standard, and if the water quality does not meet the culture standard, the operations of steps S5-S7 need to be repeated; secondly, testing the content of the microbial agent in the water body, and adding the microbial agent when the content of the flora is lower than 2cfu/ml (namely the total number of colonies is lower than 2 cfu/ml); wherein, the aquatic product breeding standard is as follows: observing the content of fine material floating objects in the water body, and placing the water body under an optical microscope to observe the reproduction speed of flora in the sewage water body, wherein the pH value of the flora suitable for the survival of fish shoals in water is lower than 6-9 pH; the content standard of the microbial inoculum is as follows: and judging whether the content of the microbial agent in the water body can be subjected to continuous bacterial decomposition or not according to the microscopic judgment, and judging the decomposition duration according to the decomposition speed per milliliter so as to master the content of the microbial agent.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, equivalents, and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting sewage, namely collecting the culture sewage into a sewage storage container;
s2: filtering impurities, namely filtering solid impurities in the culture sewage before the culture sewage enters a sewage storage container;
s3: performing primary sedimentation, namely performing primary sedimentation on the aquaculture sewage in the primary sewage storage container after standing, so that water and sediment are separated for the first time;
s4: performing primary separation, namely performing primary separation on the water and the precipitate separated out at the primary separation, draining the precipitate, and keeping a water body part;
s5: microbial decomposition, namely putting a microbial agent into the separated water body to carry out microbial decomposition on the sewage;
s6: secondary sedimentation, namely standing the sewage subjected to microbial decomposition for secondary sedimentation, wherein sedimentation is carried out while decomposition is carried out, and water and sediment are secondarily separated;
s7: performing secondary separation, namely performing secondary separation on the water and the precipitate separated out in the secondary separation, draining the precipitate, and taking a water body part;
s8: discharging, namely discharging the water body subjected to secondary separation into an aquatic product culture pond;
wherein the culture sewage in the step S1 is animal culture sewage or fish culture sewage or domestic sewage in a pond, the sewage storage container is a tower-type PE plastic container, a glass fiber reinforced plastic container or an open-air sewage collecting tank, and the microbial agent in the step S5 is a bacillus natto active microbial agent.
2. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the worker pumps out the breeding sewage in the breeding sewage pool by means of a water pump, transports the breeding sewage along a water pipe under the pressurization of the water pump, and finally reaches a sewage storage container for centralized collection; the water pump is a PW type horizontal centrifugal pump, a WL vertical sewage pump or a ZLB type vertical axial-flow pump.
3. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 2, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: according to step S2: s21, according to the capacity of the open-air sewage collecting pool, when the pool is full of sewage, the water pump automatically stops injecting water under the control of the electronic water level switch; s22, processing floating objects: the method comprises the following steps that a worker firstly removes floating materials on the water surface, the removing means is that anionic polyacrylamide is utilized to flocculate into a cluster to form sticky materials, wherein when a granular polyacrylamide flocculant is adopted as an anionic polyacrylamide flocculant, the granular polyacrylamide flocculant is dissolved in tap water before use, the concentration of an aqueous solution of the polyacrylamide flocculant is 0.1% -0.3%, the granular polyacrylamide is used for treating sewage, fish scales, solid floating feed or suspended flocculent fish scale tissues in culture water are removed, the polyacrylamide flocculant adsorbs suspended particles in the water, the purpose of linking and bridging is achieved among the particles, the fine particles slowly form large floccules, the speed of precipitation is increased, the temporary treatment effect after the granular polyacrylamide is mixed with the sewage is achieved, the solid particles in the water are mixed and precipitated, and then the precipitate is retained by a screen; when the granular polyacrylamide flocculant is hydrolyzed in tap water, the alumina is dripped to increase the viscosity of the precipitate and gelatinize the precipitate, and at the moment, a large amount of caked colloid structures are generated in the sewage in the tank, and the reaction is stood to be carried out until the precipitate is completely precipitated at the bottom in the water.
4. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: according to the step S3, standing for 12-24 hours in a manner of using a sewage sedimentation tank, a grit chamber, a horizontal sedimentation tank and an inclined plate sedimentation tank for standing sedimentation, judging whether to perform the step S4 according to the turbidity of the water surface when performing sedimentation treatment, putting a fiber turntable with a filtering function into a sewage storage container in the standing process, wherein the fiber turntable is a physical type filter, and directly taking out the fiber turntable for washing and reusing after the step S4 is finished; the bottom of the sewage sedimentation tank, the grit chamber, the horizontal flow sedimentation tank and the inclined plate sedimentation tank is provided with a bottom fishing net, the bottom of the tank is paved in advance, and solid gravel is subsequently separated during standing and sedimentation.
5. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 3, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: according to step S4: the first separation adopts a sewage gravity separation treatment method, which specifically comprises a sedimentation method and an upward floating method by utilizing the self density of water, wherein when the specific gravity of a separation product is smaller than that of sewage, suspended matters are formed, and when the specific gravity of the separation product is larger than that of the sewage, precipitates are formed; when the specific gravity of sticky substances generated by the polyacrylamide flocculant polymer solution is smaller than that of sewage, and separation is carried out, a screen is prepared to intercept in the tank in a reciprocating way, and the polyacrylamide flocculant close to the center of the tank is expanded to the bank to be lifted to the bank for separation; when the specific gravity of the separated product is greater than that of sewage to form sediment, the separation mode of the bottom fishing net is adopted, workers continuously spill the net and then pull the net to the shore, and the flocculated sticky structure can be covered by the net to realize separation.
6. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: according to the step S5, the bacillus natto active microbial agent adopted by the microbial agent is a bacillus natto active microbial agent, the bacillus natto active microbial agent is used for carrying out bacteriostasis and sterilization treatment on microbes in the water body, the bacillus natto active microbial agent is added according to the water body capacity and the decomposition speed in the sewage storage container, and the decomposition speed is faster when the concentration of the bacillus natto active microbial agent in the water body is higher.
7. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 6, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: the active bacillus natto microbial agent is prepared by fermenting natto at proper temperature for a long time, and is prepared into powder or liquid, and when in use, only the bacillus natto is mixed and sprayed in water according to a proportion.
8. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: according to the step S6, the secondary sedimentation is to sediment the sewage after the microorganism decomposition, when the microorganism decomposes the sewage, the particles can be decomposed, and the particles can be settled at the bottom of the water body after being agglomerated, and the concrete mode is as follows: s61, mainly using ferric hydroxide, wherein the concentration of ferric ions is 0.01mol/L, namely when the pH value is more than 2.6, precipitation begins to occur, the problem of ferric hydroxide precipitation is effectively solved, and the precipitation of iron-containing substances in the sewage is guaranteed; s62, acidifying with earth acid consisting of a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid to generate fluorine-containing precipitates; and S63, standing in the secondary grit chamber to wait for the separation of water and sediment, wherein the separated sediment needs to be pumped into the position of the secondary grit chamber for filtering, and a filtering cover is sleeved in the pump to separate water and polluted particles.
9. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: in the step S7 and the step S8, the secondary separation is that a sand collecting hopper is arranged at the lower part of the secondary sedimentation tank, particles with specific gravity heavier than water can be settled in the sand collecting hopper, particles with specific gravity lighter than water are intercepted in a reciprocating mode through a screen filter, so that the separation of sewage and sediment is realized, a filter screen for filtering is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank, the separated water body is pumped out through a water pump, at the moment, the particles in the water body can remain on the surface of the filter screen filter, and the water body after the secondary separation is discharged into an aquatic product culture tank; the filter screen is made of a wire-wound screen pipe, a filter screen plate or an active carbon filter layer; the filter screen shines the suction inlet that the cover connects at the suction pump for the water filters, can separate the pollutant in the sewage pond this moment.
10. The microbial treatment method for aquaculture sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial treatment method comprises the following steps: in the step S8, before the water body after the secondary separation is discharged to an aquatic product culture pond, water quality inspection needs to be carried out on the water body after the secondary separation, firstly, whether the water quality meets the aquatic product culture standard is inspected, and if the water quality does not meet the culture standard, the operations of the steps S5-S7 need to be repeated; secondly, testing the content of the microbial agent in the water body, and adding the microbial agent when the content of the flora is lower than 2 cfu/ml; wherein, the aquatic product breeding standard is as follows: observing the content of fine material floating objects in the water body, and placing the water body under an optical microscope to observe the reproduction speed of flora in the sewage water body, wherein the pH value of the flora suitable for the survival of fish shoals in water is lower than 6-9 pH; the content standard of the microbial inoculum is as follows: and judging whether the content of the microbial agent in the water body can be subjected to continuous bacterial decomposition or not according to the microscopic judgment, and judging the decomposition duration according to the decomposition speed per milliliter so as to master the content of the microbial agent.
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