CN110981079A - Sewage treatment process applying microbial carrier - Google Patents
Sewage treatment process applying microbial carrier Download PDFInfo
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0084—Guluromannuronans, e.g. alginic acid, i.e. D-mannuronic acid and D-guluronic acid units linked with alternating alpha- and beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds; Derivatives thereof, e.g. alginates
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sewage treatment process applying a microbial carrier, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment and comprising the following process steps: s1: the sewage flows into a primary sedimentation tank for primary sedimentation to obtain primary precipitated sewage; s2: filtering the sewage subjected to primary precipitation in the step S1 through a grating, and then flowing into a granulated sludge tank for treatment; s3: discharging the sludge treated by the granulated sludge tank in the step S2 into a secondary sedimentation tank for secondary sedimentation; s4: and discharging the sewage with qualified water quality indexes after the secondary sedimentation treatment in the step S3. The invention has higher incoming water high and low impact resistance and the effect of sludge bulking is not easy to generate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage treatment process applying a microbial carrier.
Background
Water pollution is one of the serious environmental problems currently faced by China. The annual discharge amount of wastewater in China is kept between 350 hundred million and 400 hundred million cubic meters in 1985. Among the discharged waste water, only 10 percent of domestic waste water and 70 percent of industrial waste water are treated, wherein about half of the effluent of industrial waste water treatment facilities can not reach the national discharge standard, and the rest untreated waste water is directly discharged into rivers and lakes, so that the water environment of China is seriously polluted and damaged; the discharge amount of urban domestic wastewater is gradually increased along with the urban construction and development, and in recent years, although a large number of control measures are adopted, the trend of further deterioration of the water body is continued.
For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN106186292A discloses a method for treating wastewater with activated sludge, comprising the following steps: fully mixing the first wastewater and the activated sludge in a first aeration tank, and carrying out oxidative metabolism; the treated mixed solution enters a secondary sedimentation tank for standing and sedimentation, purified water on the upper layer is directly discharged, one part of the activated sludge flows back to the aeration tank, and the other part of the activated sludge is collected and used for treating second wastewater; after the treatment is finished, collecting the solid matters in the sedimentation tank, and performing landfill treatment after dehydration and concentration treatment.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: because the common activated sludge is used, the common activated sludge generally takes filamentous fungi as a framework, and other functional strains form zooglea. However, in the actual use process, the activated sludge has weak incoming water impact resistance, and once filamentous bacteria excessively propagate, the filamentous bacteria may exceed zoogloea in quantity, so that the sludge structure is loose, the quality is light, the settleability is reduced, the sludge is expanded, and the quality of the sludge effluent is reduced. Therefore, an activated sludge water purification process with higher incoming water impact resistance and less sludge bulking is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a sewage treatment process applying a microbial carrier, which has higher incoming water resistance and high and low impact resistance and is not easy to generate sludge bulking effect.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a sewage treatment process applying a microbial carrier comprises the following process steps:
s1: the sewage flows into a primary sedimentation tank for primary sedimentation to obtain primary precipitated sewage;
s2: filtering the sewage subjected to primary precipitation in the step S1 through a grid, and then flowing into a granulated sludge tank for treatment, wherein granulated sludge is added into the granulated sludge tank, and the granulated sludge comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of microbial inoculum and 130 parts of microbial carrier;
s3: discharging the sludge treated by the granulated sludge tank in the step S2 into a secondary sedimentation tank for secondary sedimentation;
s4: and discharging the sewage with qualified water quality indexes after the secondary sedimentation treatment in the step S3.
By adopting the technical scheme, wherein,
step S1 enables the sewage to pass through a primary sedimentation tank to precipitate large-size, high-density solid impurities in the sewage.
Step S2 can carry out preliminary filtration on the solid waste which is difficult to precipitate in the sewage after the preliminary filtration, then the solid waste flows into a granulated sludge tank, and a microbial carrier is attached with a microbial inoculum to form granulated sludge, so that the activated sludge can obtain higher incoming water impact resistance. And because the microorganism carrier is used as a framework in the granulated sludge, the action of the filamentous bacteria in the microbial inoculum is reduced, the addition amount of the filamentous bacteria in the microbial inoculum can be reduced, even the filamentous bacteria can not be added, and the probability of sludge bulking can be reduced.
And S3 and S4, carrying out precipitation separation on the sewage and the precipitated sludge through a secondary sedimentation tank, so that the upper-layer sewage in the secondary sedimentation tank can reach the discharge standard and is discharged.
The invention is further configured to:
in the step S3, the sewage with unqualified water quality index in the secondary sedimentation tank flows back to the granulated sludge tank for secondary treatment;
the middle layer sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step S3 enters the front end of the granulated sludge tank and is mixed with the sewage primarily precipitated in the step S1 to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution flows into the granulated sludge tank;
and discharging the lower-layer sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step S3 for further treatment.
By adopting the technical scheme, the unqualified sewage quality index in the secondary sedimentation tank flows back to the granulated sludge tank for secondary treatment until the qualified sewage quality index can be discharged.
And the mixture of the middle layer sewage and the sludge is returned to the front end of the granulated sludge tank, and the mixture is mixed with the sewage primarily precipitated in the step S1, so that the distribution of the middle layer sludge can be more uniform. And the middle-layer sludge contains a large amount of activated sludge suspended matters containing a large amount of domesticated beneficial bacteria, and the domesticated beneficial bacteria are refluxed into the granulated sludge tank, so that the sewage treatment efficiency of the granulated sludge tank can be improved.
The sludge in the lower layer is mostly solid sludge which can be directly discharged for further treatment.
The invention is further configured to:
the microbial carrier in the step S2 comprises the following components in parts by volume:
by adopting the technical scheme, the plant powder has a large amount of cellulose due to the characteristics of the plant powder, the cellulose has a large specific surface area, and the cellulose has a large amount of microporous structures, so that the plant powder is a good adsorbing material of the microbial inoculum. The ceramic particles can further form strong support, so that the defect of insufficient strength of cellulose is overcome, the plant powder can be distributed on the ceramic particles, the porosity is increased, and in addition, the ceramic particles can slow down the compaction period of the carrier. The activated carbon is used as an important adsorption material, so that the adsorption effect of the carrier on the microbial inoculum can be further improved, and cellulose can be better adsorbed on ceramic particles, so that the overall strength of the carrier is improved.
The reason why the sludge on the bottom layer of the secondary sedimentation tank in the step S2 is added is that activated sludge exists in the sludge itself, microbial inoculum components exist in the sludge, and the sludge often contains bacterial strains with strong sewage purification effect after long-time acclimation, so that the treatment effect of subsequent sewage can be improved. In addition, the sludge is recycled, the discharge of the sludge can be reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Sodium alginate is a common natural polysaccharide substance and is used as a common gel material, and the oxidized sodium alginate obtained by oxidation can improve the degradation performance of the sodium alginate on the premise of keeping the original excellent performance because the hydroxyl of part of uronic acid units in the sodium alginate is converted into aldehyde groups.
Therefore, the addition of the oxidized sodium alginate can improve the binding fastness of the whole microbial carrier and improve the incoming water impact resistance of the granulated sludge after granulation. In addition, the oxidized sodium alginate is also present in the biofilm of bacteria, and the addition of the oxidized sodium alginate to the microbial carrier can enable the bacteria to obtain more nutrient components required for producing the biofilm, so that the production of the biofilm is accelerated, and the granulation process of the granulated sludge is accelerated.
In addition, due to the existence of the microbial carrier, the microbial carrier can be used as a carrier of the granulated sludge, and filamentous bacteria do not need to be added into the microbial inoculum, so that sludge bulking does not occur, and the problem of sludge bulking is fundamentally solved.
The invention is further configured to: the preparation process of the oxidized sodium alginate granules comprises the following process steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stirring 800-1200 parts by weight of distilled water at a stirring speed of 2800-3200r/min, and adding 10-25 parts by weight of sodium alginate in the stirring process until the solid sodium alginate is completely dissolved to obtain a sodium alginate solution;
step two: taking the sodium alginate solution in the step one, adding 10-25 parts by weight of sodium periodate under the condition of keeping out of the sun, and stirring to dissolve the sodium periodate to obtain a reactant a;
step three: reacting the reactant a in the step two for 12-24 hours in a dark place to obtain a reactant b;
step four: dripping 8-12 parts by weight of ethylene glycol into the reactant b in the third step to terminate the reaction to obtain a reactant c;
step five: adding 2-4 parts by weight of calcium chloride into the reactant c in the fourth step, and stirring to dissolve the calcium chloride to obtain a reactant d;
step six: precipitating the reactant d in the fifth step to obtain a precipitate mixture;
step seven: and D, dialyzing the precipitate mixture obtained in the step six through a dialysis bag to obtain a precipitate, and freeze-drying and grinding the precipitate into powder to obtain the oxidized sodium alginate granules.
By adopting the technical scheme, wherein,
step one, forming a sodium alginate aqueous solution under high-speed stirring; in the second step, the alginic acid can be oxidized by the sodium periodate with strong oxidizing property, and the sodium periodate is decomposed when meeting light, so the sodium periodate needs to be added under the condition of keeping out of the sun.
Step three, sodium periodate can have sufficient time to oxidize the sodium alginate; step four, adding ethylene glycol can stop the sodium alginate oxidation by sodium periodate.
After calcium chloride is added in the step five, divalent calcium ions can perform electrostatic interaction with carboxyl on guluronic acid of alginic acid to form gel; step six, the oxidized alginic acid can be precipitated to obtain a solid-liquid mixture.
And seventhly, dialyzing through a dialysis bag to obtain solid oxidized sodium alginate, and further freeze-drying and grinding to obtain oxidized sodium alginate particles.
The invention is further configured to: and standing the sodium alginate solution after the step one, specifically, standing the sodium alginate solution obtained in the step one for 28-32min to obtain the sodium alginate solution after standing.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because sodium alginate's own characteristic, the sodium alginate molecule in the sodium alginate solution takes place to entangle easily, and stir it at a high speed in step one, consequently the sodium alginate molecule coils under centrifugal force easily to form comparatively complicated entanglement three-dimensional structure, be unfavorable for follow-up sodium periodate to oxidize sodium alginate. And by standing the sodium alginate solution, sodium alginate molecules can be fully unfolded and uncoiled, so that the uniformity of sodium alginate in the sodium alginate solution is improved. So that the subsequent sodium periodate and sodium alginate can generate uniform oxidation reaction more easily.
The invention is further configured to: the sixth step specifically comprises the following process steps:
step a: adding 250 parts by weight of 200-250 parts by weight of ethanol into the reactant d in the step five to obtain a primary precipitation mixture;
step b: performing suction filtration on the primary precipitate mixture in the step a, and adding a product obtained by suction filtration into 240 parts by weight of distilled water of 180-fold to obtain a mixed solution;
step c: and (c) adding 200-250 parts by weight of ethanol into the mixed solution in the step (b) to obtain a precipitation mixture.
By adopting the technical scheme, the oxidized sodium alginate can be purified through multiple times of precipitation and dissolution, so that the purity of the oxidized sodium alginate is improved.
The invention is further configured to: the microbial inoculum in step S2 is selected from a plurality of bacillus coagulans, bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus buchneri, nitrosomonas, nitrosospira, nitrosococcus, nitrosophyllum, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, abnormal aquatic coccus, bacillus megaterium, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus altitudinis, and bacillus mucilaginosus.
By adopting the technical scheme, the multifunctional granulated sludge can be formed by matching of various strains, so that the sewage is subjected to diversified treatment. And because the external oxygen content is greater than the internal oxygen content of the microbial carrier, the granulated sludge of internal anaerobic bacteria, middle-layer facultative bacteria and outer-layer aerobic bacteria can be formed under natural selection. When the sewage is treated by the granulated sludge, the sewage is firstly treated by the aerobic bacterial layer, then treated by the facultative bacterial layer and finally treated by the anaerobic bacterial layer. Therefore, a plurality of treatment pools such as an aerobic bacteria treatment pool, an anaerobic bacteria treatment pool, a facultative bacteria treatment pool and the like do not need to be additionally built, and the treatment of sewage can be completed only by one granulated sludge pool, so that the occupied area is greatly reduced, and the treatment flow is also shortened.
And because sodium alginate oxide is easy to degrade, the plant powder can be degraded under the action of bacteria such as lactobacillus acidophilus and the like which can decompose cellulose. The ceramic particles and the activated carbon are non-toxic and harmless solids, and the difficulty of solidification treatment of the sludge can be reduced, so that the content of harmful substances in the final sludge cannot be increased even if the granulated sludge is mixed in the final sludge.
The invention is further configured to: the microbial inoculum in the step S2 further comprises a nutritional agent, wherein the nutritional agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
by adopting the technical scheme, the nutrient can be used as a carbon source, a nitrogen source, a sulfur source, a phosphorus source, a potassium source and the like, and provides necessary nutrition for various beneficial bacteria in the microbial inoculum, so that the granulation speed of the granulated sludge is increased, the concentration of various beneficial bacteria in the sewage can be increased, and the efficiency and the effect of sewage treatment are improved.
The invention is further configured to: the carbon source is selected from one or more of sodium citrate, glucose, lactose, maltose and mannitol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the carbon source can improve the propagation speed of various beneficial bacteria in the microbial inoculum, so that the granulation speed of the granulated sludge is improved, the concentration of various beneficial bacteria in the sewage is improved, and the efficiency and the effect of sewage treatment are improved.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. by arranging the granulated sludge tank added with the granulated sludge in the sewage treatment process, the sludge has higher incoming water impact resistance and is not easy to expand after being granulated;
2. the middle-layer sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank is refluxed, so that the sewage treatment quality can be improved, and the sewage treatment efficiency can be improved;
3. various microbial agents are adsorbed by microbial carriers, under the natural selection, the inside of the granulated sludge is an anaerobic zone, a facultative zone is coated outside the anaerobic zone, and the outermost side is an aerobic zone, so that the treatment processes of organic matters, inorganic matters, mixtures, ecdysis microorganisms, various toxoids decomposition, nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the like can be completed in a granulated sludge tank, and the treatment flow of sewage is greatly shortened;
4. the oxidized sodium alginate is added into the microbial carrier, so that the high-low pressure impact resistance of the microbial carrier to incoming water is improved, and the formation of a biofilm outside bacteria can be accelerated, so that the granulation process of the granulated sludge is accelerated;
5. various microbial agents with different effects can be adsorbed by the microbial carrier, so that the sewage treatment effect is improved, bacteria capable of decomposing cellulose, such as lactobacillus acidophilus and the like in the microbial agents can decompose plant powder, and oxidized sodium alginate is easy to degrade, so that the microbial carrier can not introduce harmful substances into final sludge;
6. by additionally adding the nutrient into the microbial inoculum, the propagation speed of various beneficial bacteria in the microbial inoculum can be increased, so that the granulation speed of the granulated sludge is increased, the concentration of the beneficial bacteria in the sewage is increased, and the efficiency and the effect of sewage treatment are improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention discloses a sewage treatment process applying a microbial carrier, which comprises the following process steps:
s1: and the sewage flows into a primary sedimentation tank for primary sedimentation so as to obtain primary sedimentated sewage.
S2: the sewage primarily precipitated in step S1 is filtered by a grid and then flows into a granulated sludge tank to be treated, and granulated sludge is added into the granulated sludge tank.
S3: the sludge treated in the granulated sludge tank in the step S2 is discharged into a secondary sedimentation tank to be secondarily sedimented.
The middle layer sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank enters the front end of the granulated sludge tank and is mixed with the sewage primarily precipitated in the step S1 to obtain mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid flows into the granulated sludge tank for secondary sewage treatment.
And directly discharging the sludge at the lower layer in the secondary sedimentation tank for subsequent treatment.
S4: and (4) discharging the sewage with qualified water quality indexes after the sedimentation treatment in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step (S3), and refluxing the sewage with unqualified water quality indexes in the secondary sedimentation tank into the granulated sludge tank for secondary treatment.
In step S2, the granulated sludge includes the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of microbial inoculum and 110 parts of microbial carrier; and the microbial carrier comprises the following components in parts by volume:
wherein the plant powder is straw powder.
The preparation process of the oxidized sodium alginate particles in the microbial carrier specifically comprises the following process steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (2) stirring 800 parts by weight of distilled water at a stirring speed of 2800r/min, and adding 10 parts by weight of sodium alginate in the stirring process until the solid sodium alginate is completely dissolved to obtain a sodium alginate solution.
Standing the obtained sodium alginate solution for 28min to fully stretch sodium alginate molecules in the sodium alginate solution so as to obtain the sodium alginate solution after standing.
Step two: taking the sodium alginate solution which is subjected to standing in the step one, adding 10 parts by weight of sodium periodate under the condition of keeping out of the sun, and stirring to dissolve the sodium periodate to obtain a reactant a;
step three: reacting the reactant a in the second step for 12 hours in a dark place to obtain a reactant b;
step four: dripping 8 parts by weight of glycol into the reactant b in the third step to terminate the reaction to obtain a reactant c;
step five: adding 2 parts by weight of calcium chloride into the reactant c in the fourth step, and stirring to dissolve the calcium chloride to obtain a reactant d;
step six: precipitating the reactant d in the fifth step to obtain a precipitate mixture; the method specifically comprises the following process steps:
step a: adding 200 parts by weight of ethanol into the reactant d in the step five to obtain a primary precipitation mixture;
step b: c, performing suction filtration on the primary precipitate mixture in the step a, and adding a product obtained by suction filtration into 180 parts by weight of distilled water to obtain a mixed solution;
step c: and (c) adding 200 parts by weight of ethanol into the mixed solution in the step (b) to obtain a precipitation mixture.
Step seven: and D, dialyzing the precipitate mixture obtained in the sixth step through a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1400 to obtain a precipitate, and freeze-drying and grinding the precipitate into powder to obtain the oxidized sodium alginate particles.
The microbial inoculum in step S2 comprises the same weight ratio of bacillus coagulans, bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus buchneri, nitrosomonas, nitrosospira, nitrosococcus, nitrosophyllum, nitrobacteria, nitrococcus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, abnormal aquatic coccus, bacillus megaterium, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus altitudinis and bacillus mucilaginosus, and the sum of the weight of the strains accounts for 50% of the total weight of the microbial inoculum.
The microbial inoculum also comprises a nutrient with the weight percentage of 50%, and the nutrient comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the carbon source in the nutrient is a mixture of glucose, lactose and maltose in the same weight part.
Examples 2 to 5 differ from example 1 in that the granulated sludge comprises the following components in parts by weight:
examples 6 to 9 differ from example 1 in that the following components are present in the microbial carrier in the following volume parts:
examples 10-13 differ from example 1 in that the parts by weight of the components in the oxidized sodium alginate preparation process are as follows:
examples 14-17 differ from example 1 in that the parameters of the oxidized sodium alginate preparation process are as follows:
example 18 differs from example 1 in that the microbial agents include bacillus coagulans, bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus buchneri, nitrosomonas bacterium, nitrosospira, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, deinococcus aquaticus, bacillus megaterium, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus altitudinis, and bacillus mucilaginosus in the same weight ratio, and the above bacteria account for 50% of the total weight of the microbial agents.
Example 19 differs from example 1 in that the microbial agents include bacillus coagulans, bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus acidophilus, spirochete, nitrosococcus, nitrosofola, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, deinococcus aquaticus, bacillus megaterium, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus altitudinis in the same weight ratio, and the above bacteria account for 50% of the total weight of the microbial agent.
Examples 20-23 differ from example 1 in that the nutritional agents are as follows in parts by weight:
example 24 differs from example 1 in that the carbon source is a mixture of sodium citrate, glucose, mannitol in the same parts by weight.
Example 25 differs from example 1 in that the carbon source is a mixture of sodium citrate, glucose, lactose, mannitol in the same parts by weight.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that no granulated sludge was added to the granulated sludge tank.
The comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that granulation of the granulated sludge is not performed, and the microbial agent and the microbial carrier are directly charged into the granulated sludge tank.
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that no oxidized sodium alginate granules were added to the granulated sludge.
Comparative example 4 is different from example 1 in that the sludge at the bottom layer of the secondary sedimentation tank in step S2 is not added to the granulated sludge.
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that the plant powder was replaced with plastic granules.
Comparative example 6 differs from example 1 in that oxidized sodium alginate was replaced with sodium alginate.
Comparative example 7 is different from example 1 in that a nutrient is not added to the microbial agent.
Test method
The same batch of sewage is divided into eight groups, and one group of sewage is treated by the treatment processes in comparative examples 1-7 and example 1 respectively for 7 days.
The water quality index was measured by taking 1L of the wastewater discharged from the secondary sedimentation tank in comparative examples 1 to 7 and example 1. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
detecting COD in the sewage by a potassium dichromate method;
sewage ammonia nitrogen is detected by adopting a flocculation precipitation-Nashin reagent spectrophotometry method;
detecting the total nitrogen of the sewage by adopting a potassium persulfate oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometry;
the total phosphorus in the sewage is detected by adopting a potassium persulfate oxidation-ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry.
The detection data of the sewage quality index are shown as the following table:
conclusion
As is clear from a comparison between example 1 and comparative example 1, since the granulated sludge was not added in example 1 and the sewage was not treated with the microbial inoculum, the obtained water quality index was close to that of the raw sewage, indicating that the addition of the granulated sludge can effectively improve the water quality of the treated sewage.
As can be seen from the comparison between example 1 and comparative example 2, since the granulation of the activated sludge is not performed in example 2, and the microbial inoculum is directly added to the granulated sludge, various bacteria are dispersed and float in the sewage, wherein anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria and facultative bacteria exist, and effective synergy cannot occur, and even before the aerobic bacteria consume oxygen in the sewage, the anaerobic bacteria cannot work well; when the oxygen content in the sewage is low, the aerobic bacteria can not work well. Therefore, the quality of the treated sewage is poor as can be seen from the obtained water quality index.
As can be seen from the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 3, the quality index of the treated sewage is high because no sodium alginate is added, and the sodium alginate can accelerate the granulation process and improve the incoming water impact resistance of the granulated sludge through the self-adhesive capacity, but the adsorption capacity and the colony total amount of the microbial carrier are high, so that a good sewage treatment effect can be still obtained.
It is understood from example 1 and comparative example 4 that the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank is not added, but the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank often contains the acclimatized high-efficiency strain, and thus the treatment capability of the granulated sludge for the sewage is slightly lowered.
It is understood from example 1 and comparative example 5 that, since the plant powder is replaced with the plastic granules, the adsorption capacity of the plant powder is apparently higher than that of the plastic granules, that is, the total number of colonies on the microorganism carriers becomes smaller, and accordingly, the treatment capacity of the granulated sludge for sewage is decreased.
It can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 6 that the water quality index of the treated sewage is almost unchanged after the oxidized sodium alginate is replaced by sodium alginate, that is, the functions of the oxidized sodium alginate and the sodium alginate in the microbial carrier are similar. In addition, because oxidized sodium alginate is easy to degrade, the oxidized sodium alginate has less residue in the final sludge and can be automatically degraded after being discharged, thereby reducing the pollution to the environment.
As can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 7, the growth rate of the microbial inoculum on the microbial carrier is affected without adding the nutrient, so that the total amount of bacterial colonies on the microbial carrier is reduced, and the treatment effect of the granulated sludge on the sewage is affected.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sewage treatment process applying a microbial carrier is characterized in that: the method comprises the following process steps:
s1: the sewage flows into a primary sedimentation tank for primary sedimentation to obtain primary precipitated sewage;
s2: filtering the sewage subjected to primary precipitation in the step S1 through a grid, and then flowing into a granulated sludge tank for treatment, wherein granulated sludge is added into the granulated sludge tank, and the granulated sludge comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of microbial inoculum and 130 parts of microbial carrier;
s3: discharging the sludge treated by the granulated sludge tank in the step S2 into a secondary sedimentation tank for secondary sedimentation;
s4: and discharging the sewage with qualified water quality indexes after the secondary sedimentation treatment in the step S3.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of:
in the step S3, the sewage with unqualified water quality index in the secondary sedimentation tank flows back to the granulated sludge tank for secondary treatment;
the middle layer sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step S3 enters the front end of the granulated sludge tank and is mixed with the sewage primarily precipitated in the step S1 to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution flows into the granulated sludge tank;
and discharging the lower-layer sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step S3 for further treatment.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: the microbial carrier in the step S2 comprises the following components in parts by volume:
4. the process of claim 3, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: the preparation process of the oxidized sodium alginate granules comprises the following process steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stirring 800-1200 parts by weight of distilled water at a stirring speed of 2800-3200r/min, and adding 10-25 parts by weight of sodium alginate in the stirring process until the solid sodium alginate is completely dissolved to obtain a sodium alginate solution;
step two: taking the sodium alginate solution in the step one, adding 10-25 parts by weight of sodium periodate under the condition of keeping out of the sun, and stirring to dissolve the sodium periodate to obtain a reactant a;
step three: reacting the reactant a in the step two for 12-24 hours in a dark place to obtain a reactant b;
step four: dripping 8-12 parts by weight of ethylene glycol into the reactant b in the third step to terminate the reaction to obtain a reactant c;
step five: adding 2-4 parts by weight of calcium chloride into the reactant c in the fourth step, and stirring to dissolve the calcium chloride to obtain a reactant d;
step six: precipitating the reactant d in the fifth step to obtain a precipitate mixture;
step seven: and D, dialyzing the precipitate mixture obtained in the step six through a dialysis bag to obtain a precipitate, and freeze-drying and grinding the precipitate into powder to obtain the oxidized sodium alginate granules.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: and standing the sodium alginate solution after the step one, specifically, standing the sodium alginate solution obtained in the step one for 28-32min to obtain the sodium alginate solution after standing.
6. The process of claim 4, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: the sixth step specifically comprises the following process steps:
step a: adding 250 parts by weight of 200-250 parts by weight of ethanol into the reactant d in the step five to obtain a primary precipitation mixture;
step b: performing suction filtration on the primary precipitate mixture in the step a, and adding a product obtained by suction filtration into 240 parts by weight of distilled water of 180-fold to obtain a mixed solution;
step c: and (c) adding 200-250 parts by weight of ethanol into the mixed solution in the step (b) to obtain a precipitation mixture.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: the microbial inoculum in step S2 is selected from a plurality of bacillus coagulans, bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus buchneri, nitrosomonas, nitrosospira, nitrosococcus, nitrosophyllum, nitrobacter, nitrococcus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, abnormal aquatic coccus, bacillus megaterium, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus altitudinis, and bacillus mucilaginosus.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: the microbial inoculum in the step S2 further comprises a nutritional agent, wherein the nutritional agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
9. the process of claim 8, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: the carbon source is selected from one or more of sodium citrate, glucose, lactose, maltose and mannitol.
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