CN113830250B - Method for building multiple ships in dock and performing ship inclination test - Google Patents

Method for building multiple ships in dock and performing ship inclination test Download PDF

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CN113830250B
CN113830250B CN202110871004.7A CN202110871004A CN113830250B CN 113830250 B CN113830250 B CN 113830250B CN 202110871004 A CN202110871004 A CN 202110871004A CN 113830250 B CN113830250 B CN 113830250B
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ship
dock
water
ships
inclination
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CN113830250A (en
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雷杼致
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Fujian Mawei Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Fujian Mawei Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
    • B63B71/20—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance using towing tanks or model basins for designing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C1/00—Dry-docking of vessels or flying-boats
    • B63C1/02—Floating docks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for building multiple ships in a dock and performing a ship inclination test, which can ensure that a ship to be tested floats to perform the ship inclination test and other ships under construction do not float by the aid of the configuration of the stowage of each ship and the depth of water in the dock, so that the other ships under construction do not need floating, pier falling and other operations, the ship inclination test can be completed without undocking, the problems that a large amount of workload and construction period are consumed under conventional operation are solved, namely, the number of times of opening a dock gate and the steps of positioning and pier falling of other ships are saved, and the workload and the construction period are reduced. And the ship for carrying out the inclination test in the dock is not influenced by water flow, tides and wind waves, so that the failure rate of the test is reduced, and the test result is more accurate. Because facilities in the dock are more perfect than those in the wharf, the ship can be more smoothly built by ending in the dock after an inclination test, and the ship building period is shortened.

Description

Method for building multiple ships in dock and performing ship inclination test
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, in particular to a method for constructing multiple ships in a dock and performing a ship inclination test.
Background
Docks are one of the most important infrastructures for shipbuilding, and the construction period in docks is the central priority of the whole construction period. The key for improving the whole capacity of a shipyard is to improve the annual ship launching batch of the shipyard and reasonably and comprehensively carry out dock utilization planning.
A plurality of ships can be built in a dock at the same time, after the ship building is basically finished, an inclination test is carried out, and the test aim is to determine the actual weight and the actual position of the gravity center of the empty ship so as to complete the complete stability calculation and the cabin breaking stability calculation of the ships. If one ship needs to perform an inclination test, ballast allocation (floating state adjustment) of each ship in the dock, water injection in the dock, dock gate opening, test of ship undocking and floating of other ships, closing of dock gate water pumping and positioning of other ships and block falling need to be performed, so that a large amount of workload and a long period of time are required.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for constructing multiple ships in a dock and performing a ship inclination test, which can save the opening times of a dock gate and reduce the workload and the construction period.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for building multiple ships in a dock and carrying out a ship inclination test comprises the following steps that multiple ships to be built are arranged in the dock, a ship to be subjected to the ship inclination test is set as a ship a, other ships not subjected to the ship inclination test are set as ships b, the total number of the ships b is more than or equal to 1, and the ship inclination test for the ship a comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, carrying the ship B to enable the gravity center of the ship weight G of the ship B and the floating center of the water buoyancy B borne by the ship B to be at the same longitudinal position, and configuring the buoyancy B < the ship weight G;
s2, inquiring a tide table to obtain the tide level of the current day and ten days in the future of the ship inclination test, wherein the lowest water level of the inquired tide is H Tide with water-collecting device Defining the water depth in the dock as H Depressed place Configuration H Depressed place ＜H Tide with water-collecting device To avoid dock gates from being pushed open by tides;
s3, calculating the floating water depth H after the ship b is loaded b Configuration H b >H Depressed place So as to avoid the dock gate being pushed open due to the overhigh water level in the dock;
s4, calculating the floating water depth H of the ship a a Configuration H a <H Depressed place To ensure that the ship a can float in the dock, and H a The requirement that the ship a does not touch the bottom in the inclination test in the dock is met.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by the aid of the configuration of the stowage of each ship and the water depth in the dock, the ship to be tested can be guaranteed to float to perform ship inclination test, and other ships under construction can be guaranteed not to float, so that other ships under construction do not need to float, fall blocks and the like, the ship inclination test can be completed without undocking, the problems that a large amount of workload and the construction period need to be consumed under conventional operation are solved, the dock gate opening times and the positioning and pier falling steps of other ships are saved, and the workload and the construction period are reduced. And the ship for carrying out the inclination test in the dock is not influenced by water flow, tide and wind wave, so that the failure rate of the test is reduced, and the test result is more accurate. Because facilities in the dock are more perfect than those in the wharf, the ship can be more smoothly built by ending in the dock after an inclination test, and the ship building period is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating that the center of gravity of the ship weight G and the center of buoyancy of the buoyancy B of a ship B are not at the same longitudinal position in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tank of vessel b according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of calculating the vessel weight G for the vessel b of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tank for cargo allocation when a vessel b is a stern transom in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of the left/right side of ballast tank number three of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the four ballast tanks of FIG. 4 from the left/right;
FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of the fifth ballast tank of FIG. 4 from the left/right;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention for multiple vessel construction and inclination testing of a vessel in a dock;
[ description of reference ]
1. An end docking block; 2. a first ballast water tank; 3. a second ballast tank; 4. a third ballast water tank; 5. a fourth ballast water tank; 6. a stern perpendicular line;
7. the third ballast tank is left/right; 71. a third ballast water tank; 72. the right of the third ballast water tank;
8. the fourth ballast tank is left/right; 81. a fourth ballast water tank; 82. the fourth ballast water tank right;
9. the fifth ballast water tank is left/right; 91. a fifth ballast water tank is arranged on the left; 92. a fifth ballast water tank right;
10. left/right of cargo tank III; 101. the left side of the third cargo oil tank; 102. the third cargo oil tank is right;
11. the fourth cargo oil tank is left/right; 111. the fourth cargo oil tank left; 112. the fourth cargo oil tank right;
12. the fifth cargo oil tank is left/right; 121. the left side of the cargo oil tank; 122. the right of the cargo oil tank No. five;
13. water level in the dock.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a method for building multiple ships in a dock and performing a ship inclination test includes the following steps:
s1, carrying the ship B to enable the gravity center of the ship weight G of the ship B and the floating center of the water buoyancy B borne by the ship B to be at the same longitudinal position, and configuring the buoyancy B < the ship weight G;
s2, the method is a unified measurement scale, and the water depth measurement is the height of the water surface above the upper surface of the flat bottom docking block, namely the height of the water surface above the flat bottom outer plate of the ship when the ship is not floated. Inquiring a tide table to obtain the tide water level of the current day and ten days in the future of the ship inclination test, wherein the lowest water level of the inquired tide is H Tide with spring Defining the water depth in the dock as H Depressed place Configuration H Depressed place ＜H Tide with spring So as to avoid the dock gate being pushed open due to the overhigh water level in the dock;
s3, calculating the floating water depth H after the ship b is loaded b Configuration H b >H Depressed place To ensure that the ship b does not float in the dock;
s4, calculating the floating water depth H of the ship a a Configuration H a <H Depressed place To ensure that the ship a can float in the dock to avoid the dock gate being pushed open due to the overhigh water level in the dock, and H a The requirement that the ship a does not touch the bottom in the dock inclination test is met.
However, if the center of gravity of the weight G of the ship B and the center of buoyancy of the buoyancy B are not at the same longitudinal position after the cargo allocation of the ship B, the ship B may have a bow portion floating or a stern portion floating even if the buoyancy B < the weight G of the ship.
Wherein, let M B Moment of a ship B is taken as buoyancy force B and an end docking block 1 as a fulcrum;
LCB is an arm of force of buoyancy B to the ship B by taking the end docking block 1 as a fulcrum;
M G moment of the ship b is the weight G of the ship by taking the end docking block 1 as a fulcrum;
LCG is the arm of force of the ship weight G on the ship b by taking the end docking block 1 as a fulcrum;
the S1 further includes:
moment M of buoyancy B on ship B by taking end docking block 1 as fulcrum B LCB, moment M of ship weight G on the ship by taking end docking block 1 as fulcrum G Configuring M (G LCG) B <M G . As shown in FIG. 1, the center of gravity of the ship's weight G is not at the same longitudinal position as the center of buoyancy of the buoyancy B, and M is G ＜M B The vessel b will have an end floating (the end of the vessel b away from the docking block is floating).
The algorithm for the vessel weight G is explained by means of fig. 2 and 3, the vessel b in fig. 2 being provided with 4 ballast water tanks, a first ballast water tank 2, a second ballast water tank 3, a third ballast water tank 4 and a fourth ballast water tank 5 from left to right, in which ballast water is distributed in the first, third and fourth ballast water tanks 5, respectively, wherein:
g1- -the empty weight of vessel b;
g2 — ballast weight ballast water weight ballast water first ballast water tank 2;
g3- -third ballast tank 4 ballast weight;
g4- -fourth ballast tank 5 ballast weight;
g- -total weight of the vessel after ballasting;
l1- -longitudinal distance from the center of gravity of the vessel b when empty to the stern perpendicular 6;
l2 — longitudinal distance of ballast water to stern perpendicular 6 loaded in first ballast water tank 2;
l3- -longitudinal distance of third ballast tank 4 from ballast to stern plumb 6;
l4- -longitudinal distance of fourth ballast tank 5 from ballast to stern vertical 6;
l is the longitudinal distance from the total gravity center to the stern vertical line 6 after the ship is ballasted;
referring to fig. 3, G ═ G1+ G2+ G3+ G4;
G*L＝G1*L1+G2*L2+G3*L3+G4*L4；
the above L is LCG ═ LCB.
The method for loading the ship b includes adding water to ballast in a liquid tank of the ship b.
Wherein, the configuration H in S2 Depressed place ＜H Tide with water-collecting device The method specifically comprises the following steps: configuration H Depressed place ≤H Tide with water-collecting device -0.5(m)。
As mentioned above, taking into account the data error of the tidal table, H is taken into account Depressed place The allowance of the gate ensures that the dock gate cannot be pushed away.
Wherein, the configuration H in S3 b >H Depressed place The method specifically comprises the following steps: configuration H b -0.5(m)>H Depressed place 。
As described above, consider H b To avoid floating of the vessel b in the dock.
Wherein, H in S4 a <H Depressed place The method comprises the following specific steps: h a +0.5(m)<H Depressed place 。
As described above, consider H a To ensure that the vessel a floats in the dock.
If the ship b is a semi-stern ship, no sealing measures are taken in the process of loading the ship b because the bow section of the semi-stern ship is in an open state, and the liquid tank at the bow section of the ship b naturally enters water to carry out local loading. As the main machines of the stern half ship and other equipment are positioned at the stern part, the gravity center of the half ship is eccentric to the stern part, and the water line area of the stern part is small, so that the floating center of the half ship is eccentric to the bow part. Referring to fig. 4 to 7, the left/right 7 of the third ballast water tank and the left/right 10 of the third ballast oil tank are naturally filled with water, the left/right 8 of the fourth ballast water tank is partially ballasted with water, and the left/right 9 of the fifth ballast water tank is fully ballasted to meet the stowage requirement. The natural water inlet benefits of the left/right 7 of the third ballast water tank and the left/right 10 of the third ballast oil tank in the bow part are as follows:
1. the manual water adding and load distribution are not needed, the ballast weight can be increased at the bow part, the floating draft of the stern semi-ship is increased, the distance between the gravity center and the longitudinal position of the floating center is reduced, and the stern inclination is avoided;
2. before water is naturally fed into the dock (natural water feeding does not occur in the bow liquid tank) and after water is pumped into the dock (water in the bow liquid tank is pumped away along with the water), the condition that extra ballast force is provided for ballasting the ship does not exist, the pier wood below the ship is relatively lightly stressed, pressure action on the pier wood below is not generated due to the buoyancy action of the water when the water is fed into the dock, and the stress on the pier wood below the ship can be relieved in the whole process.
In summary, according to the method for building multiple ships in a dock and performing the ship inclination test, the ship to be tested can be ensured to float to perform the ship inclination test by the aid of the configuration of the loading of each ship and the depth of water in the dock, and other ships under construction can be ensured not to float, so that other ships under construction do not need to float, block and the like, the ship inclination test can be completed without undocking, the problems that a large amount of workload and a construction period are consumed under conventional operation are solved, namely, the dock gate opening times and the positioning block falling steps of other ships are saved, and the workload and the construction period are reduced. And the ship for carrying out the inclination test in the dock is not influenced by water flow, tides and wind waves, so that the failure rate of the test is reduced, and the test result is more accurate. Because facilities in the dock are more perfect than those in the wharf, the ship can be more smoothly built by ending in the dock after an inclination test, and the ship building period is shortened.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for building multiple ships in a dock and carrying out ship inclination tests is characterized in that multiple ships to be built are arranged in the dock, a ship to be subjected to the ship inclination tests is set as a ship a, other ships not subjected to the ship inclination tests are set as ships b, the total number of the ships b is more than or equal to 1, and the ship inclination tests on the ships a comprise the following preparation steps:
s1, carrying the ship B to enable the gravity center of the ship weight G of the ship B and the floating center of the buoyancy B of the water borne by the ship B to be at the same longitudinal position, and arranging the buoyancy B < the ship weight G, wherein the carrying mode of the ship B is as follows: manually adding water into a liquid tank of the ship b for ballasting;
s2, inquiring a tide table to obtain the tide level of the current day and the next ten days of the ship inclination test, wherein the lowest water level of the inquired tide is H Tide with water-collecting device Defining the water depth in the dock as H Depressed place Configuration H Depressed place ＜H Tide with spring So as to avoid the dock gate being pushed open due to the overhigh water level in the dock;
s3, calculating the floating water depth H after the ship b is loaded b Configuration H b >H Depressed place To ensure that the ship b does not float in the dock;
s4, calculating the floating water depth H of the ship a a Configuration H a <H Depressed place To ensure that the ship a can float in the dock, and H a The requirement that the ship a does not touch the bottom in the inclination test in the dock is met.
2. The method of multiple ship building and vessel inclination testing in a dock of claim 1, wherein M is set B Moment of the ship B is taken as buoyancy force B and the end docking block as a fulcrum;
LCB is an arm of force of buoyancy B to the ship B by taking the docking block at the end part as a fulcrum;
M G moment of the ship b is the weight G of the ship by taking the end docking block as a fulcrum;
LCG is the arm of force of the ship weight G on the ship b by taking the end docking block as a fulcrum;
the S1 further includes:
moment M of buoyancy B on ship B by taking end docking block as fulcrum B B LCB, moment M of ship weight G against ship using end docking block as pivot G (iv) G LCG, configuring M B <M G 。
3. The method of multi-ship construction in a dock and performing a ship inclination test in accordance with claim 1, wherein configuration H of S2 Depressed place ＜H Tide with spring The method specifically comprises the following steps: configuration H Depressed place ≤H Tide with water-collecting device -0.5(m)。
4. According to claim 1The method for constructing and carrying out the ship inclination test in the dock is characterized in that H is configured in S3 b >H Depressed place The method specifically comprises the following steps: configuration H b -0.5(m)>H Depressed place 。
5. The method of multiple ship construction in a dock and performing a ship inclination test according to claim 1, wherein H in S4 a <H Depressed place The method specifically comprises the following steps: h a +0.5(m)<H Depressed place 。
6. The method of claim 1, wherein if there is a ship b that is a stern half ship, and the bow section of the stern half ship is open, no blocking is performed during the loading of the ship b, and the liquid tank at the bow section of the ship b is naturally filled with water for local loading.
CN202110871004.7A 2021-07-30 2021-07-30 Method for building multiple ships in dock and performing ship inclination test Active CN113830250B (en)

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CN101357673A (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-02-04 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 Dock non-dry type multi-boat construction method
CN101920771B (en) * 2010-05-14 2012-10-03 蓬莱中柏京鲁船业有限公司 Method for undock ballasting in ship building
KR101439653B1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2014-09-12 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 Resetting Method for two half ship
CN103754323B (en) * 2014-02-14 2016-05-18 南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司 A kind of mid-series method of construction of large ship
CN105253269A (en) * 2015-09-29 2016-01-20 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 Ship afloat in dock undocking method based on step-by-step ballasting
CN105366012A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-02 广船国际有限公司 Ship undocking method
CN105947144B (en) * 2016-04-27 2018-09-25 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 A kind of interior method implemented drilling platforms and built simultaneously with many types of ship of dock
CN107539439A (en) * 2017-09-08 2018-01-05 上海外高桥造船有限公司 The method for preventing half ship floating in dock
CN109080792A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-12-25 上海外高桥造船有限公司 The stowage method of half ship not floating in a kind of dock

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