CN113828407B - Efficient crushing method for waste hard materials - Google Patents
Efficient crushing method for waste hard materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN113828407B CN113828407B CN202110866605.9A CN202110866605A CN113828407B CN 113828407 B CN113828407 B CN 113828407B CN 202110866605 A CN202110866605 A CN 202110866605A CN 113828407 B CN113828407 B CN 113828407B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of recycling of waste hard materials, in particular to a high-efficiency crushing method of waste hard materials. The method comprises the following steps: the electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and is used for driving the electrode to rotate; the method comprises the steps of enabling waste hard materials to be electrically connected with a negative electrode of a power supply, generating arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard materials, controlling parameters of the power supply, and enabling a part of the waste hard materials to be molten to form a molten line; introducing a fluid medium into the discharge gap to split the waste hard material along the melting line so as to finish crushing; the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 250ms-300ms, and the pulse interval is 250ms-300ms; the power supply parameters of the pulse power supply comprise: the gap voltage is 10V-160V, and the discharge current is 1500A-2000A. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, no environmental pollution, environmental protection, simple process flow and contribution to the efficiency and safety of subsequent purification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of recycling of waste hard materials, in particular to a high-efficiency crushing method of waste hard materials.
Background
The hard material has good strength, excellent heat resistance and extremely high hardness, can be used for manufacturing cutting tools, cutters and wear-resistant parts, and is widely applied to the fields of military industry, aerospace, machining, metallurgy, petroleum drilling, mining tools, electronic communication, construction and the like.
Because the added value of the hard material is high and the raw material is scarce, the recovery of the waste hard material is particularly important after the service failure of the hard material, and is an important development direction of recycling the resources.
At present, the recovery means of the waste hard materials mainly comprise chemical recovery or physical recovery. Specifically, the chemical recovery mainly separates and purifies materials through displacement reaction, and in the purification process, as waste hard materials belong to parts, the size is large, the purification time is long, the efficiency is low, and the purification is not thorough. Physical recovery is mainly realized by treating waste hard materials through a mechanical crushing method, but due to the characteristic of higher hardness of the hard materials, the existing mechanical crushing method also has the problems of long crushing time, low efficiency, easy equipment damage, increased spare part cost and the like, and the existing waste hard material recovery also has the problem of inconvenient process.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the invention provides a high-efficiency crushing method for waste hard materials. High efficiency, low cost, no pollution to the environment, environmental protection, simple process flow and contribution to the efficiency and safety of subsequent purification.
The technical proposal is as follows:
the efficient crushing method of the waste hard materials comprises the following steps:
the electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and is used for driving the electrode to rotate;
electrically connecting a waste hard material with a negative electrode of the power supply, generating arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard material, controlling parameters of the power supply, and melting a part of the waste hard material to form a melting line;
introducing a fluid medium into the discharge gap to split the waste hard material along the melting line so as to finish crushing;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 250ms-300ms, and the pulse interval is 250ms-300ms;
the parameters of the pulse power supply include: the gap voltage is 10V-160V, and the discharge current is 1500A-2000A.
In one embodiment, the power supply parameters of the pulse power supply include: the gap voltage is 45V-60V, and the discharge current is 1500A-2000A.
In one embodiment, the distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the waste hard material is 0.1mm-1mm.
In one embodiment, the rotational speed of the electrode is 2000r/min to 4000r/min.
In one embodiment, the electrode is provided with a hollow cavity, and the fluid medium is introduced from the hollow cavity to cause the working form of the arc plasma to be changed, so as to generate a tiny explosion.
In one embodiment, the fluid medium is introduced at a flow rate of 40L/min to 50L/min.
In one embodiment, the fluid medium is selected from a water-based medium and/or an inert gas.
In one embodiment, the spent hard material is selected from spent cemented carbide, spent refractory metal, or spent ceramic material.
In one embodiment, the material of the electrode is graphite.
In one embodiment, the physical form of the cemented carbide is a regular shape or an irregular shape;
the regular shape is bar-shaped or plate-shaped.
In one embodiment, the crushed waste hard material has an average particle size of 1 μm to 1000 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the high-density energy heat source-arc plasma of the discharge gap of the electrode and the waste hard material to melt a part of the waste hard material, and forms a melting line by controlling the pulse width, the pulse interval and the power supply parameter of the power supply, at the moment, when the fluid medium is introduced into the discharge gap, the waste hard material can be promoted to be split along the melting line under the impact force of the fluid medium and the mechanical action of the rotating electrode, so as to achieve the aim of crushing the waste hard material. The method for crushing the waste hard materials has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, no environmental pollution, environmental protection, simple process flow and contribution to the efficiency and safety of subsequent purification.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Terminology
Unless otherwise indicated or contradicted, terms or phrases used herein have the following meanings:
the term "and/or," "and/or," as used herein, includes any one of two or more of the listed items in relation to each other, as well as any and all combinations of the listed items in relation to each other, including any two of the listed items in relation to each other, any more of the listed items in relation to each other, or all combinations of the listed items in relation to each other.
Herein, "one or several" means any one, any two or more of the listed items. Wherein "several" means any two or more.
As used herein, "a combination thereof," "any combination thereof," and the like include all suitable combinations of any two or more of the listed items.
The "suitable" in the "suitable combination manner", "suitable manner", "any suitable manner" and the like herein refers to a technical scheme capable of implementing the present invention, solving the technical problem of the present invention, and achieving the technical effects expected by the present invention.
In this context, "preferred" is merely to describe embodiments or examples that are more effective, and it should be understood that they are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the invention, the technical characteristics described in an open mode comprise a closed technical scheme composed of the listed characteristics and also comprise an open technical scheme comprising the listed characteristics.
In the present invention, the numerical range is referred to, and both ends of the numerical range are included unless otherwise specified.
The percentage content referred to in the present invention means mass percentage for both solid-liquid mixing and solid-solid mixing, and volume percentage for liquid-liquid mixing unless otherwise specified.
The percentage concentrations referred to in the present invention refer to the final concentrations unless otherwise specified. The final concentration refers to the ratio of the additive component in the system after the component is added.
The temperature parameter in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a constant temperature treatment or a treatment within a predetermined temperature range. The constant temperature process allows the temperature to fluctuate within the accuracy of the instrument control.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The hard material has good strength, excellent heat resistance and extremely high hardness, can be used for manufacturing cutting tools, cutters and wear-resistant parts, and is widely applied to the fields of military industry, aerospace, machining, metallurgy, petroleum drilling, mining tools, electronic communication, construction and the like.
Because the added value of the hard material is high and the raw material is scarce, the recovery of the waste hard material is particularly important after the service failure of the hard material, and is an important development direction of recycling the resources.
At present, the recovery means of the waste hard materials mainly comprise chemical recovery or physical recovery. Specifically, the chemical recovery mainly separates and purifies materials through displacement reaction, and in the purification process, as waste hard materials belong to parts, the size is large, the purification time is long, the efficiency is low, and the purification is not thorough. Physical recovery is mainly realized by treating waste hard materials through a mechanical crushing method, but due to the characteristic of higher hardness of the hard materials, the existing mechanical crushing method also has the problems of long crushing time, low efficiency, easy equipment damage, increased spare part cost and the like, and the existing waste hard material recovery also has the problem of inconvenient process.
Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, high cost and inconvenient process existing in the recycling of the existing waste hard materials, the invention provides a high-efficiency crushing method of the waste hard materials.
The technical proposal is as follows:
a high-efficiency crushing method of waste hard materials comprises the following steps:
the electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and is used for driving the electrode to rotate;
electrically connecting a waste hard material with a negative electrode of the power supply, generating arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard material, controlling parameters of the power supply, and melting a part of the waste hard material to form a melting line;
introducing a fluid medium into the discharge gap to split the waste hard material along the melting line so as to finish crushing;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 250ms-300ms, and the pulse interval is 250ms-300ms;
the parameters of the pulse power supply include: the gap voltage is 10V-160V, and the discharge current is 1500A-2000A.
The method utilizes a high-density energy heat source-arc plasma of a discharge gap between an electrode and a waste hard material to melt a part of the waste hard material, and forms a melting line by controlling the pulse width, the pulse interval and the power supply parameters of a power supply, when a fluid medium is introduced into the discharge gap, the waste hard material can be promoted to be split along the melting line under the impact force of the fluid medium and the mechanical action of the rotating electrode, so that the purpose of crushing the waste hard material is achieved. The method for crushing the waste hard materials has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, no environmental pollution, environmental protection, simple process flow and contribution to the efficiency and safety of subsequent purification.
Specifically, the electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the waste hard material is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, at this time, a certain potential difference exists between the electrode and the waste hard material, the distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the waste hard material can be adjusted through the motion control system, the electrode and the waste hard material are close to each other, when the relative positions of the electrode and the waste hard material are proper, arc plasma is generated in the discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard material, the arc plasma is a high-density energy heat source, the central temperature is up to 10000K, and the waste hard material is melted under the action of the arc plasma.
The motion control system can adjust the relative positions of the electrode and the workpiece so as to obtain arc plasma in an ideal discharge state. In one embodiment, the distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the waste hard material is 0.1mm-1mm. More preferably, the distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the waste hard material is 0.1mm-0.8mm.
It is understood that the power source is a pulsed power source, which is an ac pulsed power source or an ac constant current power source. The electrode is driven by the positive electrode of the power supply to mechanically move at a high speed relative to the waste hard material.
In one embodiment, the electrode is graphite, and the spindle is rotatable through 360 °.
When the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width may be 250ms to 300ms and the pulse interval may be 250ms to 300ms.
And controlling the power supply parameters of the power supply, wherein the gap voltage of the power supply is controlled to be 10V-160V, and the discharge current is controlled to be 1500A-2000A. More preferably, the gap voltage of the control power supply is 45V-60V, and the discharge current is 1500A-2000A.
By controlling the above parameters, the melting condition of the waste hard material can be controlled, and the arc plasma can melt the waste hard material in a deeper layer under the above parameters, so that a melting line is formed in the waste hard material, and when a fluid medium is introduced into a discharge gap, the waste hard material can be promoted to be split along the melting line, thereby achieving the purpose of crushing the waste hard material.
The fluid medium is introduced to generate flow field impact force, and the purpose of crushing waste hard materials can be achieved under the impact force. At this time, the fluid medium can be introduced from the outside of the electrode, the electrode can be of a solid structure, and the waste hard material is split along the melting line under the combined action of the smaller flow field impact force and the rotating electrode, so that the purpose of crushing the waste hard material is achieved.
Alternatively, an electrode provided with a hollow cavity may be used, from which hollow cavity the fluid medium is led in, in which case the flow rate of the fluid medium is larger. In one embodiment, the electrode is provided with a hollow cavity, the fluid medium is introduced from the inside/outside of the hollow cavity of the electrode and flows to the waste hard material, the fluid medium flows to the waste hard material to generate a larger flow velocity and generate a larger flow field impact force, the arc plasma in the discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard material is changed under the mutual matching of the rotating electrode to generate micro explosion, and the waste hard material can be further crushed under the impact force of the explosion.
In one embodiment, the fluid medium is introduced at a flow rate of 40L/min to 50L/min.
In one embodiment, the rotational speed of the electrode is 2000r/min to 4000r/min. More preferably, the rotation speed of the electrode is 2000r/min-2800r/min.
It is understood that the electrode provided with the hollow cavity is an electrode provided with a single tube, multiple tubes and a hollow nest. It will be appreciated that the fluid medium may be introduced from within the hollow cavity or outside the hollow cavity of the electrode separately, or from both the hollow cavity and outside the hollow cavity of the electrode. The fluid medium flowing in from the inside of the hollow cavity and the outside of the hollow cavity may be the same fluid medium or different fluid media. The fluid medium introduced into the hollow cavity and the fluid medium introduced from the outside of the hollow cavity are respectively and independently selected from water-based medium and/or inert gas, wherein the inert gas also comprises nitrogen. The water-based medium is preferably distilled water.
It will be appreciated that the fluid medium may be introduced at the same time as the power supply is activated.
The crushed waste hard material can be discharged under the impact of the fluid medium.
In one embodiment, the spent hard material is selected from spent cemented carbide, spent refractory metal, or spent ceramic material.
It can be appreciated that under the action of the motion control system, the electrode can move continuously to crush the waste hard material in all aspects, so that the invention can make no special requirement on the physical form of the waste hard material.
Optionally, the physical form of the cemented carbide is regular or irregular;
the regular shape is bar-shaped or plate-shaped.
In one embodiment, the crushed waste hard material has an average particle size of 1 μm to 1000 μm.
The following examples and comparative examples are further described, and the raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified, and the equipment used in the examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high-efficiency crushing method of waste hard materials, which comprises the following steps:
taking bar-shaped waste hard metal pure tungsten with the diameter of 4cm and the length of 20cm, and electrically connecting the waste hard metal pure tungsten to the negative electrode of a power supply;
taking a solid graphite electrode and electrically connecting the solid graphite electrode to the positive electrode of a power supply;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 250ms, the pulse interval is 250ms, and the power supply parameters are set: the gap voltage was 50V and the discharge current was 2000A.
Starting a power supply, enabling a graphite electrode to rotate around a main shaft at a rotating speed of 2500r/min at 360 degrees, adjusting the distance between the electrode and the waste hard alloy to be 0.5mm through a motion control system, generating high-energy arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard alloy, enabling the arc plasma to act on the waste hard alloy, enabling a part of the waste hard alloy to be molten by high energy, forming a molten line inside the waste hard alloy, introducing distilled water into the discharge gap, enabling the flow speed during introduction to be 40L/min, enabling the waste hard alloy to split along the molten line under the action of the rotating graphite electrode and the flow field, realizing the crushing of the waste hard alloy, discharging the crushed waste hard alloy along with the distilled water, and collecting the crushed waste hard alloy, wherein the particle size of obtained particles is 50-400 meshes.
The method of the embodiment is adopted to crush the waste hard alloy, and the processing efficiency is 2kg/h.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-efficiency crushing method of waste refractory metals, which comprises the following steps:
taking a platy waste refractory metal Inconel718 alloy, wherein the length is 30cm, the width is 30cm and the thickness is 10cm. Electrically connecting it to the negative pole of the power supply;
taking a solid graphite electrode and electrically connecting the solid graphite electrode to the positive electrode of a power supply;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 280ms, the pulse interval can be 280ms, and the power supply parameters are set: the gap voltage was 60V and the discharge current was 1800A.
Starting a power supply, enabling a graphite electrode to rotate around a main shaft at a rotating speed of 3000r/min by 360 degrees, adjusting the distance between the electrode and the waste refractory metal to be 0.8mm through a motion control system, generating high-energy arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste refractory metal, enabling the arc plasma to act on the waste refractory metal, enabling a part of the waste refractory metal to be molten by the high energy, forming a molten line in the waste refractory metal, simultaneously introducing distilled water into the discharge gap, enabling the flow speed during introduction to be 40L/min, enabling the waste refractory metal to split along the molten line under the action of the rotating graphite electrode and the flow field, realizing the crushing of the waste refractory metal, discharging the crushed waste refractory metal along with the distilled water, and collecting the crushed waste refractory metal, wherein the particle size is 50-400 meshes.
The method of the embodiment is adopted to crush the waste refractory metals, and the processing efficiency is 2kg/h.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a high-efficiency crushing method of waste ceramic materials, which comprises the following steps: taking an irregularly-shaped waste ceramic material with the size of about 15cm multiplied by 20cm multiplied by 15cm, and electrically connecting the irregularly-shaped waste ceramic material with the composition Ti3AlC2 to the negative electrode of a power supply;
taking a solid graphite electrode and electrically connecting the solid graphite electrode to the positive electrode of a power supply;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 300ms, the pulse interval can be 300ms, and the power supply parameters are set: the gap voltage was 45V and the discharge current was 1500A.
Starting a power supply, enabling a graphite electrode to rotate around a main shaft at a rotating speed of 2500r/min by 360 degrees, adjusting the distance between the electrode and a waste ceramic material to be 1mm through a motion control system, generating high-energy arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste ceramic material, enabling part of the waste ceramic material to be molten by the arc plasma, forming a molten line in the waste ceramic material, simultaneously introducing distilled water into the discharge gap, enabling the flow rate during introduction to be 50L/min, enabling the waste ceramic material to split along the molten line under the action of the rotating graphite electrode and the flow field, realizing the crushing of the waste ceramic material, discharging the crushed waste ceramic material along with distilled water, and collecting the crushed waste ceramic material, wherein the particle size of obtained particles is 50-400 meshes.
The method of the embodiment is adopted to crush the waste ceramic material, and the processing efficiency is 1kg/h.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a high-efficiency crushing method of waste hard materials, which comprises the following steps:
taking bar-shaped waste hard metal pure tungsten with the diameter of 4cm and the length of 20cm, and electrically connecting the waste hard metal pure tungsten to the negative electrode of a power supply;
taking a solid graphite electrode and electrically connecting the solid graphite electrode to the positive electrode of a power supply;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 280ms, the pulse interval can be 280ms, and the power supply parameters are set: the gap voltage was 100V and the discharge current was 2000A.
Starting a power supply, enabling a graphite electrode to rotate around a main shaft at a rotating speed of 4000r/min by 360 degrees, adjusting the distance between the electrode and the waste hard alloy to be 1mm through a motion control system, generating high-energy arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard alloy, enabling part of the waste hard alloy to be molten by the high-energy arc plasma, forming a molten line inside the waste hard alloy, introducing distilled water into the discharge gap, enabling the flow speed during introduction to be 40L/min, enabling the waste hard alloy to split along the molten line under the action of the rotating graphite electrode and the flow field, realizing the crushing of the waste hard alloy, discharging the crushed waste hard alloy along with distilled water, and collecting the crushed waste hard alloy, wherein the particle size of obtained particles is 50-400 meshes.
The method of the embodiment is adopted to crush the waste hard alloy, and the processing efficiency is 2.2kg/h.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a high-efficiency crushing method of waste refractory metals, which comprises the following steps:
taking spherical waste refractory metal YGH45T with the diameter of 15cm and the composition of WC80-Co12-8Ni, and electrically connecting the spherical waste refractory metal YGH45T to the negative electrode of a power supply;
taking a single-tube graphite electrode, wherein the outer diameter of a hollow tube is 20cm, and the inner diameter of the hollow tube is 10cm, and electrically connecting the hollow tube to the positive electrode of a power supply;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 200ms, the pulse interval can be 200ms, and the power supply parameters are set: the gap voltage was 50V and the discharge current was 1500A.
Starting a power supply, enabling a graphite electrode to rotate around a main shaft at a rotating speed of 3000r/min, adjusting the distance between the electrode and the waste refractory metal to be 1mm through a motion control system, generating high-energy arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste refractory metal, enabling part of the waste refractory metal to be molten by the high-energy arc plasma, forming a molten line in the waste refractory metal, simultaneously introducing distilled water from a hollow cavity of the graphite electrode to flow into the waste refractory metal, completing the introduction of distilled water in the discharge gap, wherein the flow speed is 40L/min, under the action of the rotating graphite electrode and a flow field, the waste refractory metal is split along the molten line, simultaneously, the working form of the arc plasma in the discharge gap is changed, small explosion is observed, the crushing of the waste refractory metal is further realized, the crushed waste refractory metal is discharged along with the distilled water, and the particle size of the obtained particle size is 50-400 meshes.
The method of the embodiment is adopted to crush the waste refractory metals, and the processing efficiency is 3kg/h.
According to the embodiment, the high-density energy heat source-arc plasma of the discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard material is utilized to melt a part of the waste hard material, a melting line is formed by controlling the power supply parameters of the power supply, and then the fluid medium and the rotating electrode are utilized to promote the waste hard material to split along the melting line, so that the waste hard material crushing treatment is completed. The production and processing efficiency is high, compared with the traditional method, the cost is low, the environment is not polluted, the environment is protected, the process flow is simple, and the efficiency and the safety of the subsequent purification are facilitated.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which falls within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The efficient crushing method of the waste hard materials is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and is used for driving the electrode to rotate;
electrically connecting a waste hard material with a negative electrode of the power supply, generating arc plasma in a discharge gap between the electrode and the waste hard material, controlling parameters of the power supply, and melting a part of the waste hard material to form a melting line;
introducing a fluid medium into the discharge gap to split the waste hard material along the melting line so as to finish crushing;
the power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 250ms-300ms, and the pulse interval is 250ms-300ms;
the parameters of the pulse power supply include: the gap voltage is 10V-160V, and the discharge current is 1500A-2000A;
the flow rate of the fluid medium when introduced is 40L/min-50L/min;
the electrode is of a solid structure.
2. The efficient crushing method of waste hard materials according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the waste hard materials is 0.1mm to 1mm.
3. The efficient crushing method of waste hard materials according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the electrode is 2000r/min-4000r/min.
4. A method of efficient breaking up waste hard material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the fluid medium is selected from water-based media.
5. A method of efficient crushing of waste hard materials according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fluid medium is selected from inert gases.
6. A method of efficient crushing of waste hard material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the waste hard material is selected from waste hard alloys.
7. A method of efficient crushing of waste hard material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the waste hard material is selected from waste refractory metals.
8. A method of efficient crushing of waste hard material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the waste hard material is selected from waste ceramic material.
9. A method for efficient crushing of waste hard materials according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrode material is graphite.
10. A method of efficient crushing of waste hard material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the average particle size of the crushed waste hard material is 1 μm to 1000 μm.
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| CN209139828U (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-07-23 | 深圳创源航天科技有限公司 | A kind of metal powder granulates preparation facilities |
| CN110961645B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-08-04 | 深圳航科新材料有限公司 | New method for producing spherical composite powder by green recovery and reprocessing of metal |
| CN110961644B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-09-01 | 深圳航科新材料有限公司 | Spherical powder and method for producing the same |
| CN110961646B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-08-04 | 深圳航科新材料有限公司 | Metal powder and method for producing the same |
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