CN113827891B - Coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material, preparation method thereof and fire extinguishing method - Google Patents
Coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material, preparation method thereof and fire extinguishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113827891B CN113827891B CN202111107259.2A CN202111107259A CN113827891B CN 113827891 B CN113827891 B CN 113827891B CN 202111107259 A CN202111107259 A CN 202111107259A CN 113827891 B CN113827891 B CN 113827891B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/04—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for dust or loosely-baled or loosely-piled materials, e.g. in silos, in chimneys
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 35 portions of sulphoaluminate cement, 56 to 69 portions of fly ash, 5 to 15 portions of carbide mud, 1 to 5 portions of excitant and 0.1 to 0.5 portion of modifier. The invention uses a large amount of solid waste fly ash and carbide mud, belongs to waste utilization and has lower cost; in the fire extinguishing process, the calcium carbide mud is calcium hydroxide and is alkaline, and can absorb CO, SO2, SO3, H2S, NO2 and other harmful gases generated by burning of a gangue pile; the fire extinguishing powder belongs to a hydraulic material, can form an integral covering layer on the surface of the gangue dump, does not crack, isolates air, and can play a role in preventing after-combustion after wrapping and fire extinguishing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material, a preparation method thereof and a fire extinguishing method, and belongs to the technical field of coal gangue hill fire extinguishing.
Background
The coal gangue dump is a place for the centralized stacking of gangue in coal mines and coal preparation plants. Spontaneous combustion of the gangue dump can cause pollution to the mining area environment.
At present, fire extinguishing methods for coal gangue dump at home and abroad mainly comprise a fire source excavation cooling method, a grouting method, a covering and coating method, a controlled combustion method, a foam (gel) method, a low-temperature inert gas method and the like. Each of these methods of extinguishing fires has its advantages and range of use, and each has certain limitations. The covering and coating method is to cover loess, fly ash and other inert substances on the surface of the gangue dump to isolate air and prevent spontaneous combustion. The method is economical and is widely adopted at home and abroad. Or the place where the gangue pile burns can be wrapped by proper non-combustible materials or flame-retardant materials, so that the gangue pile is isolated from the air and extinguished due to oxygen deficiency. The materials used for coating include ground limestone powder, sludge, loess, clay and the like, and the materials are cheap and can be obtained from local materials. For the coal gangue dump which has spontaneous combustion, if the temperature of the coal gangue is too high, the surface soil layer which is originally covered and compacted can slowly dry and generate cracks under the influence of high temperature, and finally the sealing failure is caused. Polyurethane foam is adopted as a wrapping material, the wrapping is tight, cracks cannot occur, but water spray cooling must be performed on a gangue pile in advance to enable the temperature of the gangue to be below a fire point, and the material is high in price and difficult to popularize in large-area fire extinguishing.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material, a preparation method thereof and a fire extinguishing method, and aims to solve the problems that the existing coal gangue hill using a covering and coating method is prone to fire extinguishing and sealing failure and high in fire extinguishing cost, and is easy to reburn.
To achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
on the first hand, the coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 35 portions of sulphoaluminate cement, 56 to 69 portions of fly ash, 5 to 15 portions of carbide mud, 1 to 5 portions of excitant and 0.1 to 0.5 portion of modifier.
Preferably, the activator is aluminum sulfate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium silicate or aluminum chloride.
Preferably, the modifier is rubber powder, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, wood fiber or starch ether.
Preferably, the coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 69 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of carbide mud, 1 part of excitant and 0.1 part of modifier.
In a second aspect, the preparation method of the fire extinguishing material by the coal gangue hill covering and coating method comprises the following steps:
s1, putting 20-35 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 56-69 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of carbide mud, 1-5 parts of exciting agent and 0.1-0.5 part of modifying agent into a grinding mill to obtain fire extinguishing powder;
s2, adding water into the fire extinguishing powder and stirring to form slurry, so as to obtain the coal gangue hill covering coating fire extinguishing material.
Preferably, the ratio of the weight parts of water to the weight parts of the fire extinguishing powder in S2 is 2/1.
Preferably, the grinding specific surface area of the fire extinguishing powder is 300m 2 /cm 2 。
In a third aspect, a fire extinguishing method using a coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
step 1, covering sandy soil outside a coal gangue dump;
and 2, spraying the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue dump by using a slurry pump in a covering and coating method to the surface of the coal gangue dump to coat the whole coal gangue dump and isolate air.
Preferably, the thickness of the sand cover in step 1 is 50cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the clad layer formed in step 2 is 5cm.
The invention has at least the following advantages:
1. a large amount of solid waste fly ash and carbide mud are used, which belongs to waste utilization and has lower cost; in the fire extinguishing process, the calcium carbide mud is calcium hydroxide and is alkaline, and can absorb CO, SO2, SO3, H2S, NO2 and other harmful gases generated by burning of a gangue pile; the fire extinguishing powder belongs to a hydraulic material, can form an integral covering layer on the surface of the gangue dump, does not generate cracks, isolates air, and can play a role in preventing after-combustion after wrapping and fire extinguishing;
2. after the covering surface is covered with soil again, the grass can be planted on the tree, which provides convenience for further greening.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A fire extinguishing material for a coal gangue hill covering and coating method is specifically prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 69 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of carbide mud, 1 part of excitant and 0.1 part of modifier;
the exciting agent is aluminum sulfate;
the modifier is rubber powder;
a preparation method of a coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding 35 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 69 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of carbide mud, 1 part of exciting agent and 0.1 part of modifying agent into a grinding mill to obtain fire extinguishing powder;
s2, adding water into the fire extinguishing powder and stirring to form slurry, so as to obtain the coal gangue hill covering coating fire extinguishing material.
S2, the weight ratio of water to fire extinguishing powder is 2/1;
the grinding specific surface area of the fire extinguishing powder is 300m 2 /cm 2 ；
A fire extinguishing method using a coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
step 1, covering sandy soil outside a coal gangue dump;
and 2, spraying the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue dump by using a slurry pump in a covering and coating method to the surface of the coal gangue dump to coat the whole coal gangue dump and isolate air.
The thickness of the sand covered in the step 1 is 50cm;
the thickness of the coating layer formed in the step 2 is 5cm;
the strength of the coating formed in step 2 after 7 days should be at least 2MPa;
and (2) sealing the whole gangue dump in the step 2, preventing air from entering, and extinguishing the fire at the fire part due to oxygen deficiency until the fire is completely extinguished. The surface is covered with a soil layer with the thickness of 1m, so that the grass and the trees can be planted for greening.
The cement detection method and the standard GB175-2007 are adopted to detect the compressive strength of the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue hill covering and coating method after 1 day and 3 days and the breaking strength after 1 day and 3 days, and the strength performance of the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue hill covering and coating method is compared as follows:
example 2
A fire extinguishing material for a coal gangue hill by a covering and coating method is specifically prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 56 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of carbide mud, 4 parts of excitant and 0.2 part of modifier;
the excitant is sodium sulfate;
the modifier is cellulose ether;
a preparation method of a coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding 30 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 56 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of carbide mud, 4 parts of exciting agent and 0.2 part of modifying agent into a grinding mill to obtain fire extinguishing powder;
s2, adding water into the fire extinguishing powder and stirring to form slurry, so as to obtain the coal gangue hill covering coating fire extinguishing material.
S2, the ratio of the weight parts of water to the weight parts of the fire extinguishing powder is 2/1;
the grinding specific surface area of the fire extinguishing powder is 300m 2 /cm 2 ；
A fire extinguishing method using a coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
step 1, covering sandy soil outside a coal gangue dump;
and 2, spraying the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue dump by using a slurry pump in a covering and coating method to the surface of the coal gangue dump to coat the whole coal gangue dump and isolate air.
The thickness of the sand covered in the step 1 is 50cm;
the thickness of the coating layer formed in the step 2 is 5cm;
the strength of the coating formed in step 2 after 7 days should be at least 2MPa;
and (2) sealing the whole gangue dump in the step 2, preventing air from entering, and extinguishing the fire at the fire part due to oxygen deficiency until the fire is completely extinguished. The surface is covered with a soil layer with the thickness of 1m, so that the grass and the trees can be planted for greening.
The cement detection method and the standard GB175-2007 are adopted to detect the compressive strength of the fire extinguishing material coated by the gangue hill covering coating method after 1 day and 3 days and the breaking strength after 1 day and 3 days, and the strength performance of the fire extinguishing material coated by the gangue hill covering coating method is compared as follows:
example 3
A fire extinguishing material for a coal gangue hill covering and coating method is specifically prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 60 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of carbide mud, 5 parts of excitant and 0.5 part of modifier;
the excitant is sodium chloride;
the modifier is polypropylene fiber;
a preparation method of a coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding 20 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 60 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of carbide mud, 5 parts of exciting agent and 0.5 part of modifying agent into a grinding mill to obtain fire extinguishing powder;
s2, adding water into the fire extinguishing powder and stirring to form slurry, so as to obtain the coal gangue hill covering coating fire extinguishing material.
S2, the weight ratio of water to fire extinguishing powder is 2/1;
the grinding specific surface area of the fire-extinguishing powder is 300m 2 /cm 2 ；
A fire extinguishing method using a coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
step 1, covering sandy soil outside a coal gangue dump;
and 2, spraying the fire extinguishing material on the surface of the coal gangue hill by using a slurry pump in a covering and coating method to coat the whole coal gangue hill and isolate air.
The thickness of the sand covered in the step 1 is 50cm;
the thickness of the coating layer formed in the step 2 is 5cm;
the strength of the coating formed in step 2 after 7 days should be at least 2MPa;
and (2) sealing the whole gangue dump, preventing air from entering, and extinguishing the fire at the fire-catching part due to oxygen deficiency until all the fire is extinguished. The surface is covered with a soil layer with the thickness of 1m, so that the grass and the trees can be planted for greening.
The cement detection method and the standard GB175-2007 are adopted to detect the compressive strength of the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue hill covering and coating method after 1 day and 3 days and the breaking strength after 1 day and 3 days, and the strength performance of the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue hill covering and coating method is compared as follows:
the activator can also be calcium chloride, sodium silicate or aluminum chloride.
The modifier can also be wood fiber or starch ether.
Comparative example 1
The coal gangue dump is coated by adopting ground limestone powder, and the thickness of the coating layer is 5cm, so that the coating layer is isolated from air.
Comparative example 2
The coal gangue dump is coated by loess, and the thickness of the coating layer is 5cm, so that the air is isolated.
Comparative example 3
The gangue dump is coated by clay, and the thickness of the coating layer is 5cm, so that the gangue dump is isolated from air.
Comparative example 4
Polyurethane foam is used as a coating material to coat the gangue dump so as to isolate the gangue dump from air.
Comparing the coal gangue coverage coating fire extinguishing materials related to the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-4, the probability of cracks appearing in the examples 1-3 is lower, the probability of cracks appearing in the comparative examples 1-3 is higher, the probability of cracks appearing in the comparative example 4 is lower, the comparative example 4 is high in cost, and the cost of the examples 1-3 is low compared with that of the comparative example 4.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (3)
1. A fire extinguishing method using a coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material is characterized in that the preparation step of the coal gangue hill covering and coating method fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding 20-35 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 56-69 parts of coal ash, 5-15 parts of calcium carbide mud, 1-5 parts of an exciting agent and 0.1-0.5 part of a modifier into a grinding mill to obtain fire extinguishing powder;
s2, adding water into the fire extinguishing powder and stirring to form slurry, so as to obtain the coal gangue hill covering coating fire extinguishing material;
the fire extinguishing method using the coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material comprises the following steps:
step 1, covering sandy soil outside a coal gangue dump;
and 2, spraying the fire extinguishing material of the coal gangue dump coverage coating method to the surface of the coal gangue dump by using a slurry pump to coat the whole coal gangue dump and isolate air.
2. The fire extinguishing method using the gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of water to fire extinguishing powder in S2 is 2:1; the thickness of the sand covered in the step 1 is 50cm.
3. The method for extinguishing fire by using the gangue dumping cladding extinguishing material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cladding formed in the step 2 is 5cm.
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| CN202111107259.2A CN113827891B (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Coal gangue hill covering and coating fire extinguishing material, preparation method thereof and fire extinguishing method |
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| CN111018443B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-03-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Cemented filling material for coal mine and preparation method thereof |
| CN111233426B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-12-03 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Novel guniting material for inhibiting spontaneous combustion of gangue dump and application method thereof |
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| CN113277805A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-20 | 贵州盘江煤电集团有限责任公司 | High-strength mixed guniting material based on high-content fly ash and application method thereof |
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