CN113826648B - Application of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in preventing and treating Frankliniella occidentalis or psylla, and biopesticide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Application of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in preventing and treating Frankliniella occidentalis or psylla, and biopesticide and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of Ixeris denticulata in controlling Frankliniella occidentalis or psylla, a biological pesticide and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of biological pesticides. The invention provides an application of Ixeris denticulata in controlling Frankliniella occidentalis or psylla, and provides a biopesticide taking Ixeris denticulata essential oil as an active ingredient based on the application and a preparation method of the biopesticide. The Ixeris denticulata Ixeris Cass of the invention has new application or adopts the biopesticide of the invention to efficiently kill the frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla, and the Ixeris denticulata is a wild plant, has wide distribution range, is simple and easy to obtain, has low cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological pesticides, and particularly relates to application of Ixeris denticulata in controlling Frankliniella occidentalis or psylla chinensis, a biological pesticide and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Ixeris denticulata Ixeris Cass is perennial herb, has white milk and has no hair. Thin root and fibrous. The florescence is 6-9 months, the fruit period is 7-10 months, and the distribution is in many places.
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) is an animal of the family Thripidae of the family Thysanoptera of the class Insecta, arthropoda, the family Arthropoda. Also known as alfalfa thrips, belongs to the order Thysanoptera. Frankliniella occidentalis omnivorous, host plants are known to be as many as 500 over.
Psyllids Psyllidae, an animal of the family Psyllidae of the order homoptera of the class insecta of the phylum Arthropoda, is a metamorphosis insect and develops individually through three stages, egg, nymph and adult. The mouth organ is of piercing-sucking type. The adult is small in size and active and good in jumping. If the body is round and flat, waxy secretions cover the body surface. Psyllids are a woody plant pest.
The research on the control of the frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla chinensis by the ixeris sonchifolia is not reported in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the blank in the field, the invention provides the application of the Ixeris denticulata in the aspect of controlling the Frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla chinensis.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the use of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in preventing and treating Frankliniella occidentalis or psylla.
The essential oil of the ixeris sonchifolia is adopted to kill or kill the frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla.
The active ingredients of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil comprise: (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid, (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid;
preferably, the active ingredients of the ixeris denticulata essential oil comprise the following substances in percentage by weight: 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 1.8249% octanoic acid, 2.9457% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 8.9251% lauric acid, 2.9534%6,10, 14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, 3.3876% myristic acid, 37.767% n-pentadecanoic acid, 1.5567% nonadecane, 14.0451% linolenic acid, 1.2495% 2-methyltetracosan, 2.3619% docosahexaenoic acid, 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 4284 zxft Linolenic acid, 5325% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 3523% zxft 355723%, 6256% myristic acid, 3438% n-pentadecanoic acid, 3438% n-methyltetracosanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% linolenic acid, 345725% zxft 5725% nonanoic acid, 345738% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic acid, 345756% tetradecanoic acid, 345738% pentadecanoic acid, 345756% tetradecanoic acid, 345795% pentadecanoic acid, 345795% n acid.
The killing refers to contact killing or fumigating killing;
preferably, the killing refers to killing the frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla chinensis by using the solution of the essential oil of the ixeris sonchifolia;
preferably, the semilethal concentration of the solution of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil for killing the frankliniella occidentalis is 0.32mg/L,
preferably, the semilethal concentration of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil solution for killing psylla chinensis is 0.12 μ g/head;
preferably, the said solution of essential oil of Ixeris denticulata is a solution prepared by dissolving essential oil of Ixeris denticulata in alcohol.
A biopesticide, comprising: an active ingredient; the active ingredients comprise herba Ixeritis Denticulatae essential oil.
The active ingredients of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil comprise: (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid, (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid;
preferably, the active ingredients of the ixeris denticulata essential oil comprise the following substances in percentage by weight: 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 1.8249% octanoic acid, 2.9457% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 8.9251% lauric acid, 2.9534%6,10, 14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, 3.3876% myristic acid, 37.767% n-pentadecanoic acid, 1.5567% nonadecane, 14.0451% linolenic acid, 1.2495% 2-methyltetracosan, 2.3619% docosahexaenoic acid, 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 4284 zxft Linolenic acid, 5325% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 3523% zxft 355723%, 6256% myristic acid, 3438% n-pentadecanoic acid, 3438% n-methyltetracosanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% linolenic acid, 345725% zxft 5725% nonanoic acid, 345738% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic acid, 345756% tetradecanoic acid, 345738% pentadecanoic acid, 345756% tetradecanoic acid, 345795% pentadecanoic acid, 345795% n acid.
The biological pesticide also comprises: pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants;
preferably, the active ingredient of the biological pesticide is an alcohol solution of the essential oil of the ixeris denticulata;
preferably, the killing or lethal object of the biological pesticide is frankliniella occidentalis or psyllid.
A preparation method of biological pesticide is characterized in that the essential oil of Ixeris denticulata is used as the active ingredient of the biological pesticide.
The said essential oil is extracted from herba Ixeritis Denticulatae by steam distillation.
Drying and pulverizing aerial parts of Ixeris denticulata, and extracting by steam distillation;
preferably, the extraction time is 4-12h, preferably 6h, and the extraction temperature is 70-120 ℃, preferably 100 ℃;
preferably, the extracted extractant is n-hexane; the extraction time is 2-8h, preferably 6h, and the extraction temperature is 15-35 ℃, preferably 25 ℃;
preferably, drying and concentrating the n-hexane layer obtained after extraction;
preferably, the drying refers to removing water with anhydrous sodium sulfate;
preferably, the concentration refers to that the normal hexane of the dried product is removed through evaporation by a rotary evaporator to obtain the Ixeris denticulata essential oil.
The invention discovers and claims a new application of Ixeris denticulata Ixeris cases in controlling Frankliniella occidentalis or psylla chinensis for the first time, and the new application is realized mainly by fumigating or killing Frankliniella denticulata or psylla chinensis with Ixeris denticulata essential oil. The invention also extracts and identifies the active insecticidal components in the Ixeris denticulata Cass essential oil for the first time, wherein the active insecticidal components comprise (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid, (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid and the like. Meanwhile, the high lethal efficiency of the Ixeris denticulata case essential oil on the Frankliniella occidentalis or the psyllid is proved by a lethal test, and the half lethal concentration of the Ixeris denticulata case essential oil is obviously lower than that of the conventional pesticide. The Ixeris denticulata Ixeris Cass new application or the biopesticide can efficiently kill the Frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla chinensis, and the Ixeris denticulata is a wild plant, has wide distribution range, is simple and easy to obtain, has low cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Group 1 example, new use of Ixeris denticulata of the present invention
The group of embodiments provides the application of the Ixeris denticulata in the aspect of controlling the Frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla chinensis.
In some embodiments, the use refers to: the essential oil of the ixeris sonchifolia is adopted to kill or kill the frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla.
In a specific embodiment, the active ingredients of the ixeris sonchifolia essential oil comprise: (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid, (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid;
preferably, the active ingredients of the ixeris denticulata essential oil comprise the following substances in percentage by weight: 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 1.8249% octanoic acid, 2.9457% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 8.9251% lauric acid, 2.9534%6,10, 14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, 3.3876% myristic acid, 37.767% n-pentadecanoic acid, 1.5567% nonadecane, 14.0451% linolenic acid, 1.2495% 2-methyltetracosan, 2.3619% docosahexaenoic acid, 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 4284 zxft Linolenic acid, 5325% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 3523% zxft 355723%, 6256% myristic acid, 3438% n-pentadecanoic acid, 3438% n-methyltetracosanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% linolenic acid, 345725% zxft 5725% nonanoic acid, 345738% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic acid, 345756% tetradecanoic acid, 345738% pentadecanoic acid, 345756% tetradecanoic acid, 345795% pentadecanoic acid, 345795% n acid.
In other embodiments, the killing refers to contact killing or fumigation;
preferably, the killing refers to killing the frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla chinensis by using the solution of the essential oil of the ixeris sonchifolia;
preferably, the semilethal concentration of the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae essential oil solution lethal to Frankliniella occidentalis is 0.32mg/L,
preferably, the semilethal concentration of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil solution for killing psylla chinensis is 0.12 μ g/head;
preferably, the said solution of essential oil of Ixeris denticulata is a solution prepared by dissolving essential oil of Ixeris denticulata in alcohol.
Group 2 examples of biopesticides of the present invention
The present group of embodiments provides a biopesticide. All embodiments of this group share the following common features: the biological pesticide comprises: an active ingredient; the active ingredients comprise herba Ixeritis Denticulatae essential oil.
In some embodiments, the active ingredients of the ixeris denticulata essential oil include: (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid, (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid;
preferably, the active ingredients of the ixeris denticulata essential oil comprise the following substances in percentage by weight: 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 1.8249% caprylic acid, 2.9457% pelargonic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 8.9251% lauric acid, 2.9534%6,10, 14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, 3.3876% myristic acid, 37.767% n-pentadecanoic acid, 1.5567% nonadecane, 14.0451% linolenic acid, 1.2495% 2-methyl tetracosane, 2.3619% docosahexaenoic acid, 3584% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 4284% zxft Linolenic acid, 5325% nonanoic acid, 1.2495 zxft 5325% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-073- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 3523% z23%, 3519% pentadecanyl-trimethylsilane, 4284% caprylic acid, 5325% zxft 5325% nonanoic acid, 1.38% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanodecanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic 5738, 3438 zxft 5738% pentadecanoic acid, 3438 zxft 5638% pentadecanoic acid, 3438 zxft 5623% pentadecanoic acid, 3438% pentadecanoic acid, 5623% pentadecanoic acid, 3438 zxft 5638% pentadecanocarboxylic acid, 5623% pentadecanocarboxylic acid, 3438 zxft 5623% pentadecanocarboxylic acid, 5638 zxft 35%.
In a further embodiment, the biopesticide further comprises: pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants; the skilled person can select or adjust various adjuvants according to the pesticide dosage form to be prepared. For example, the adjuvant may be selected from: solvents, propellants, solubilizers, cosolvents, emulsifiers, colorants, binders, disintegrants, fillers, lubricants, wetting agents, osmotic pressure regulators, stabilizers, glidants, flavoring agents, preservatives, suspending agents, coating materials, fragrances, anti-adhesives, integration agents, permeation enhancers, pH regulators, buffers, plasticizers, surfactants, foaming agents, antifoaming agents, thickeners, encapsulation agents, humectants, absorbents, diluents, flocculants, deflocculants, filter aids, release retardants.
In some embodiments, the solvent may be ethanol.
Preferably, the active ingredient of the biological pesticide is an alcoholic solution of the essential oil of the ixeris sonchifolia;
preferably, the target for killing or killing the biological pesticide is frankliniella occidentalis or psylla.
Group 3 example, process for the preparation of the biopesticides of the present invention
The present group of embodiments provides a method for preparing a biopesticide. All embodiments of this group share the following common features: the essential oil of Ixeris denticulata is used as the active component of the biological pesticide.
In a specific embodiment, the said essential oil is extracted from herba Ixeritis Denticulatae by steam distillation.
In a more specific embodiment, the overground part of the plant of the Ixeris denticulata is taken, dried and crushed, and then extracted by a steam distillation method;
preferably, the extraction time is 4-12h, preferably 6h, and the extraction temperature is 70-120 ℃, preferably 100 ℃;
preferably, the extracted extractant is n-hexane; the extraction time is 2-8h, preferably 6h, and the extraction temperature is 15-35 ℃, preferably 25 ℃;
preferably, drying and concentrating the n-hexane layer obtained after extraction;
preferably, the drying refers to removing moisture with anhydrous sodium sulfate;
preferably, the concentration refers to that the normal hexane of the dried product is removed through evaporation by a rotary evaporator to obtain the Ixeris denticulata essential oil. Experimental example, preparation of Ixeris denticulata essential oil and insect disinfestation test
1. Preparation of plant essential oil
Drying aerial parts of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in the shade, pulverizing, weighing, extracting with water vapor distillation for 6 hr to obtain n-hexane layer, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate to remove water, concentrating, measuring volume, placing volatile oil (herba Ixeritis Denticulatae essential oil) in dry glass bottle, and storing in refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
2. GC-MS testing
The volatile oil sample adopts GC-MS to analyze the component composition of the sample, and the test conditions are as follows: GCMS-QP2010 plus (Shimadzu); and (3) chromatographic column: DB-5MS (60 m 0.25um 0.32 mm) (Agilent); the heating rate is as follows: 60-10 ℃/min-300-20 min; the split ratio is as follows: 30:1; constant linear velocity mode: 30cm/sec; carrier gas: he; ion source temperature: 200 ℃; interface temperature: 300 ℃; sample inlet temperature: 320 ℃; mass scan range: m/z 29-650 sample size: 1 mu L of the solution; sample pretreatment: filtering the sample by a filter head containing a 0.22 mu m organic filter membrane of a disposable syringe; and (3) searching a spectrum library: the Nist 2017 standard library.
The components of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil are shown in the following table 1 after detection:
TABLE 1
The reason why the total percentage of all the components identified in the above table 1 is less than 100% is that unknown components still exist in the essential oil of Ixeris denticulata, which may be new compounds, cannot be identified by the existing GC-MS detection method.
4. Measurement of fumigating activity of volatile oil of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae on Frankliniella occidentalis
A fumigation method is adopted, a 20mL small bottle is taken to suck 10 adult frankliniella occidentalis, the adult frankliniella occidentalis is sleeved with gauze and placed into a 250mL wide-mouth bottle, a 1cm multiplied by 6cm filter paper strip is fixed in the bottle cap, the filter paper strip with 20 mu L of liquid medicine (namely the solution of the Ixeris tenuifolia essential oil prepared in the step 1 dissolved in ethanol) dropped is aired for 10-20s, the bottle cap is covered after the solvent is volatilized, the filter paper strip is suspended in the center of the wide-mouth bottle, and the wide-mouth bottle cap is wrapped with a sealing film. After treatment, the jar was placed in a plant incubator at 25 ± 0.5 ℃ with a relative humidity of 50% and an illumination L: d is 16h:8h of illumination climate box. The negative control and the positive control are respectively carried out by using solvent without volatile oil and neem oil. Each treatment was repeated 6 times, each 10 thrips, treatmentsExamining death and survival condition of each treated thrips 24h later, calculating death rate, and calculating semi-lethal concentration LC by using DPS 50 。
5. Determination of contact killing activity of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae volatile oil on psyllid
The contact killing activity was measured by a micro-drop method. The test insect is paralyzed for 10min in a freezing box, 10 psyllids/tube, and the medicinal liquid (i.e. the solution of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil prepared in the step 1 dissolved in ethanol) is dripped on the forethorax and back plate of the insect body by adopting a dripping method, wherein 2 mu L of the medicinal liquid is dripped into each head. And (3) placing the treated psyllids in a centrifuge tube filled with the fresh and tender branches and buds of the Chinese wolfberry, and sealing the centrifuge tube by using a gauze. After treatment, the centrifugal tube is placed in an intelligent artificial illumination climate box, and the illumination climate box is set to have the temperature (25 +/-0.5 ℃), the relative humidity of 60 percent, the illumination L: D of 1697 h. Setting the solvent without volatile oil and neem oil as negative and positive control. Repeating each treatment for 6 times, repeating each treatment for 10 psyllids, checking death and survival condition of each treated psyllid 24h after treatment, calculating mortality, and calculating semilethal concentration LC by DPS 50 /LD 50 。
The comparative results are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
Claims (12)
1. Extracting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae by steam distillation or n-hexane extractionIxeris CassThe essential oil of the Ixeris denticulata is used for preventing and controlling plant pests of psylla chinensis or thrips occidentalis.
2. The method for extracting Ixeris denticulata with water vapor distillation method and n-hexane extraction according to claim 1Ixeris CassThe application of the essential oil of the Ixeris denticulata obtained from the overground part of the plant in the aspect of preventing and controlling plant pests of the psylla chinensis or the thrips sieboldii is characterized in that the essential oil of the Ixeris denticulata is adopted to kill or kill the thrips sieboldii or the psylla chinensis.
3. Ixeris denticulata with water vapor distillation method and n-hexane extraction according to claim 1 or 2Ixeris CassThe use of the essential oil of Ixeris denticulata obtained from the aerial parts of the plants in the aspect of preventing and controlling plant pests of psylla chinensis or thrips sieboldii is characterized in that the active ingredients of the essential oil of Ixeris denticulata comprise: (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid.
4. Ixeris denticulata with water vapor distillation method and n-hexane extraction according to claim 1 or 2Ixeris CassThe application of the essential oil of the Ixeris denticulata obtained from the overground part of the plant in the aspect of preventing and controlling plant pests of psylla chinensis or thrips sieboldii is characterized in that the active ingredients of the essential oil of the Ixeris denticulata comprise the following substances in percentage by weight: 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 1.8249% octanoic acid, 2.9457% nonanoic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 8.9251% lauric acid, 2.9534%6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, 3.3876% myristic acid, 37.767% n-pentadecanoic acid, 1.5567% nonadecane, 14.0451% linolenic acid, 1.2495% 2-methyltetracosan, 2.3619% docosahexaenoic acid.
5. The method for extracting Ixeris denticulata with water vapor distillation method or n-hexane according to claim 2Ixeris CassThe use of the essential oil of ixeris sonchifolia obtained from the overground part of the plant in the prevention and treatment of plant pests, namely psylla chinensis or thrips occidentalis is characterized in that the killing refers to contact killing or fumigation;
and/or, the killing refers to killing the frankliniella occidentalis or the psylla chinensis by using the solution of the essential oil of the ixeris sonchifolia;
and/or the semilethal concentration of the herba ixeris denticulatae essential oil solution for killing the frankliniella occidentalis is 0.32mg/L,
and/or the semilethal concentration of the Ixeris denticulata essential oil solution for killing the psylla chinensis is 0.12 mu g/head;
and/or the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae essential oil solution is prepared by dissolving herba Ixeritis Denticulatae essential oil in alcohol.
6. A biopesticide, comprising: an active ingredient; the active ingredients comprise water vapor distillation extraction, n-hexane extraction of Ixeris denticulataIxeris CassEssential oil of Ixeris denticulata obtained from aerial parts of plants; the killing or lethal object of the biological pesticide is plant pest psylla chinensis or frankliniella occidentalis.
7. The biopesticide according to claim 6, wherein the Ixeris denticulata isIxeris CassThe active ingredients of the essential oil comprise: (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, lauric acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, myristic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, nonadecane, linolenic acid, 2-methyltetracosane, docosahexaenoic acid.
8. The biopesticide according to claim 6, wherein the Ixeris denticulata isIxeris CassThe active components of the essential oil comprise the following substances in percentage by weight: 3.0026% (4-ethylphenyl) -trimethylsilane, 1.8249% caprylic acid, 2.9457% pelargonic acid, 1.0761% 2-methoxy-3- (2-propenyl) -phenol, 8.9251% lauric acid, 2.9534%6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, 3.3876% myristic acid, 37.767% n-pentadecanoic acid, 1.5567% nonadecane, 14.0451% linolenic acid, 1.2495% 2-methyltetracosan, 2.3619% docosahexaenoic acid.
9. The biopesticide of any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising: pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants;
and/or the active component of the biological pesticide is Ixeris denticulataIxeris CassAlcoholic solution of essential oil.
10. A process for preparing biological agricultural chemical features that the water vapour distillation method and n-hexane extraction are usedHerba Ixeritis DenticulataeIxeris CassThe essential oil of the Ixeris denticulata is used as the active component of the biological pesticide; the killing or lethal object of the biological pesticide is plant pest psylla chinensis or frankliniella occidentalis.
11. The method for preparing a biopesticide according to claim 10, wherein the Ixeris denticulata is takenIxeris CassThe overground part of the plant is dried and crushed and then extracted by a steam distillation method;
and/or the extraction time is 4-12h, and the extraction temperature is 70-120 ℃;
and/or the extraction time of the extraction is 2-8h, and the extraction temperature is 15-35 ℃;
and/or drying and concentrating the n-hexane layer obtained after extraction;
and/or, the drying refers to removing water with anhydrous sodium sulfate;
and/or, the concentration refers to that the dried product is evaporated by a rotary evaporator to remove n-hexane to obtain the Ixeris denticulata essential oil.
12. The method for preparing a biopesticide according to claim 10, wherein ixeris denticulata isIxeris CassThe overground part of the plant is dried and crushed and then extracted by a steam distillation method;
and/or the extraction time is 6h, and the extraction temperature is 100 ℃;
and/or the extraction time of the extraction is 6h, and the extraction temperature is 25 ℃.
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