CN113814522A - Electric arc melting system - Google Patents
Electric arc melting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113814522A CN113814522A CN202110921613.9A CN202110921613A CN113814522A CN 113814522 A CN113814522 A CN 113814522A CN 202110921613 A CN202110921613 A CN 202110921613A CN 113814522 A CN113814522 A CN 113814522A
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- arc furnace
- furnace body
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- electric arc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of arc melting furnaces, and discloses an arc melting system, which comprises: electric arc furnace body and rather than the vacuum control system who is connected for the inside evacuation of electric arc furnace body, still include: the electric arc furnace comprises a main electrode, an auxiliary electrode, a main sample table, an auxiliary sample table and an electric power control system, wherein the lower end of the main electrode extends into the electric arc furnace body, the auxiliary electrode is connected to the electric arc furnace body, the lower end of the auxiliary electrode extends into the electric arc furnace body, the main sample table is connected to the electric arc furnace body and is positioned below the main electrode, the auxiliary sample table is fixed in the electric arc furnace body and is positioned right below the auxiliary electrode, and the electric power control system is electrically connected with the vacuum control system, the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric arc melting furnaces, in particular to an electric arc melting system.
Background
An arc furnace is an industrial apparatus for melting substances such as ores and metals by using a high temperature generated by a metal/nonmetal electrode arc. Vacuum arc furnaces, which generally refer to devices for heating metal in a vacuum environment by means of an electric arc for melting purposes, are of great importance in scientific research and industrial production.
Zirconium metal readily absorbs hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, and has a strong affinity for oxygen in particular. In the smelting process, in order to improve the quality of a sample after smelting as much as possible, a crucible filled with zirconium metal is placed on a sample table under the condition of reaching a higher vacuum environment, zirconium is heated by using an electrode, and the residual oxygen in an electric arc furnace is removed by utilizing the strong affinity of the electrode to the oxygen. After a period of time of removing oxygen, the electrode is moved to the position above the crucible for holding the sample, and the required sample is smelted.
However, because the size of the arc furnace is large, the number of external connectors is large, irreversible penetration of external air into the furnace cannot be avoided, gas molecules such as oxygen and the like attached to the wall of the vacuum chamber and the sample are released continuously, and the zirconium metal used for removing residual oxygen before melting loses the function of removing oxygen because of gradual cooling, so that the oxygen content in the furnace is continuously increased, and the quality of sample melting is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric arc melting system which is greatly improved on the basis of a traditional single-electrode vacuum electric arc furnace, and is additionally provided with an auxiliary electrode, wherein in the electric arc melting process, the auxiliary electrode continuously melts zirconium in an auxiliary sample platform so as to continuously consume oxygen gas which is permeated into a furnace and a wall of the furnace and released by a sample from an external environment, so that the oxygen gas in the whole melting process is continuously consumed and removed, and the ultralow oxygen concentration and the high purity in the furnace are maintained, so that a high-quality sample is obtained.
The invention provides an arc melting system, comprising:
the vacuum control system is connected with the electric arc furnace body to vacuumize the interior of the electric arc furnace body;
the lower end of the main electrode extends into the interior of the electric arc furnace body;
the auxiliary electrode is connected to the electric arc furnace body, and the lower end of the auxiliary electrode extends into the electric arc furnace body;
the main sample table is connected in the electric arc furnace body and is positioned below the main electrode;
the auxiliary sample platform is fixed in the electric arc furnace body and is positioned right below the auxiliary electrode;
and the power control system is electrically connected with the vacuum control system, the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode respectively.
Optionally, the auxiliary electrode is connected to the arc furnace body through an auxiliary electrode lifting mechanism to lift the auxiliary electrode in the vertical direction, and the auxiliary electrode lifting mechanism is electrically connected to the power control system.
Optionally, the number of the sub-electrodes is one or more.
Optionally, the main electrode is connected to the arc furnace body through a main electrode lifting mechanism to lift the main electrode in the vertical direction, and the main electrode is electrically connected to the power control system.
Optionally, a hinged base is fixed in the electric arc furnace body, and the main electrode is connected to the hinged base to adjust the inclination angle of the main electrode.
Optionally, the electric arc furnace body is provided with an optical observation device.
Optionally, a base is fixed at the lower end of the electric arc furnace body, the main sample table is fixed on the base through a sample table support, and the vacuum control system is fixed below the base.
Optionally, a manipulator is further connected in the electric arc furnace body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is improved on the basis of the traditional single-electrode vacuum arc furnace, the auxiliary electrode is added, and in the process of arc melting, the auxiliary electrode continuously heats zirconium in the auxiliary sample platform so as to continuously consume oxygen permeated into the furnace from the external environment, so that the oxygen in the whole melting process is continuously consumed and absorbed, and the high purity in the furnace is maintained, thereby obtaining a high-quality sample. In addition, the traditional single-electrode arc furnace has the limitations of a lifting system and sealing performance, so that the types and the welding size range of samples capable of being smelted or welded are small, and the application of the smelting or welding function of the arc furnace in scientific research is limited.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional vacuum arc furnace;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a conventional vacuum arc furnace;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc melting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-main electrode lifting mechanism, 2-optical observation device, 3-mechanical arm, 4-electric arc furnace body, 5-base, 6-vacuum control system, 7-electric control system, 8-hinged base, 9-main electrode, 10-main sample stage, 11-sample stage support, 12-auxiliary electrode lifting mechanism, 13-auxiliary electrode and 14-auxiliary sample stage.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
An arc furnace is an industrial apparatus for melting substances such as ores and metals by using a high temperature generated by a metal/nonmetal electrode arc. Vacuum arc furnaces, which generally refer to devices for heating metal in a vacuum environment by means of an electric arc for melting purposes, are of great importance in scientific research and industrial production.
Zirconium metal readily absorbs hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, and has a strong affinity for oxygen in particular. In the smelting process, in order to improve the quality of a sample after smelting as much as possible, a crucible filled with zirconium metal is placed on a sample table under the condition of reaching a higher vacuum environment, zirconium is heated by using an electrode, and the oxygen which is free in an electric arc furnace is removed by utilizing the strong affinity of the electrode to the oxygen. After a period of oxygen removal, the electrode is moved over the crucible containing the sample and the desired sample is melted, as shown in fig. 1-2, and a common vacuum arc furnace process can be summarized as:
1. a vacuum control system is used for enabling the furnace to enter a higher vacuum state;
2. placing a crucible filled with zirconium metal on a sample table;
3. heating zirconium by using an electrode, and removing free oxygen in the electric arc furnace by utilizing the strong affinity of the electrode to oxygen;
4. after a period of time of removing oxygen, the electrode is moved to the position above the crucible for holding the sample, and the required sample is smelted.
However, because the size of the arc furnace is large, the number of external connectors is large, irreversible penetration of external air into the furnace cannot be avoided, gas molecules such as oxygen and the like attached to the wall of the vacuum chamber and the sample are released continuously, and the zirconium metal used for removing residual oxygen before melting loses the function of removing oxygen because of gradual cooling, so that the oxygen content in the furnace is continuously increased, and the quality of sample melting is seriously affected.
Based on the above problems, an arc melting system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is greatly improved on the basis of a conventional single-electrode vacuum arc furnace, and a secondary electrode is added, during the arc melting process, the secondary electrode continuously melts zirconium in a secondary sample stage to continuously consume oxygen permeating into a furnace and a wall of the furnace and released from a sample in an external environment, so that oxygen in the whole melting process is continuously consumed and removed, and ultra-low oxygen concentration and high purity in the furnace are maintained to obtain a high-quality sample, and a specific scheme of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional vacuum arc furnace, fig. 2 is a schematic working state diagram of a conventional vacuum arc furnace, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc melting system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, an arc melting system provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes an arc furnace body 4 and a vacuum control system 6 connected thereto to evacuate the inside of the arc furnace body 4, and further includes: the device comprises a main electrode 9, an auxiliary electrode 13, a main sample table 10, an auxiliary sample table 14 and an electric power control system 7, wherein the lower end of the main electrode 9 extends into the arc furnace body 4, the auxiliary electrode 13 is connected onto the arc furnace body 4, the lower end of the auxiliary electrode extends into the arc furnace body 4, the main sample table 10 is connected into the arc furnace body 4 and is positioned below the main electrode 9, the auxiliary sample table 14 is fixed into the arc furnace body 4 and is positioned under the auxiliary electrode 13, and the electric power control system 7 is respectively electrically connected with a vacuum control system 6, the main electrode 9 and the auxiliary electrode 13.
The invention is improved on the basis of the traditional single-electrode vacuum arc furnace, the auxiliary electrode is added, and in the process of arc melting, the auxiliary electrode continuously heats zirconium in the auxiliary sample platform so as to continuously consume oxygen permeated into the furnace from the external environment, so that the oxygen in the whole melting process is continuously consumed and absorbed, and the high purity in the furnace is maintained, thereby obtaining a high-quality sample. In addition, the traditional single-electrode arc furnace has the limitation of a lifting system and tightness, so that the types and the welding size ranges of samples which can be smelted or welded are small, the application of the melting or welding function of the arc furnace in scientific research is limited, namely, the rotatable range of the main electrode is limited for ensuring the vacuum degree in a vacuum chamber, and therefore the welding seam size of the samples which can be welded of the single-electrode arc furnace cannot be too large, and the welding seam of the samples to be welded needs to be flat. The auxiliary electrode is added, so that the sample selection scope and the smelting or welding range of the electric arc smelting or welding in the furnace can be effectively improved, the problem of the smelting or welding limitation of the single-electrode vacuum electric arc furnace is solved, the size of the welding seam of the sample to be welded can be effectively improved by matching the auxiliary electrode with the main electrode, and the shape of the welding seam of the sample to be welded can be expanded to be circular arc or spiral.
Optionally, the auxiliary electrode 13 is connected to the arc furnace body 4 through an auxiliary electrode lifting mechanism 12, so that the auxiliary electrode 13 is lifted in the vertical direction, the auxiliary electrode lifting mechanism 12 is electrically connected to the power control system 7, and the auxiliary electrode lifting mechanism 12 can adjust the distance between the auxiliary electrode 13 and the zirconium sample, so that the heat source of the arc is more concentrated on the zirconium sample, thereby increasing the oxygen consumption, and further maintaining the high purity in the furnace, so as to obtain a high-quality sample.
Optionally, the number of the sub-electrodes 13 is one or more, generally one, and the range of soldering can be expanded by further increasing the number of the sub-electrodes 13.
Optionally, the main electrode 9 is connected with the arc furnace body 4 through the main electrode lifting mechanism 1, so that the main electrode 9 is lifted along the vertical direction, the main electrode 9 is electrically connected with the power control system 7, so that the distance between the auxiliary electrode 13 and the sample can be adjusted, the heat source of the arc is more concentrated on the sample, the melting is more uniform, the quality of the alloy ingot is better, the main electrode lifting mechanism 1 and the auxiliary electrode lifting mechanism 12 are composed of an external alloy supporting structure and a metal corrugated pipe which can rotate at a small angle inside, and the electrode can be driven to rotate within a small range on the premise of ensuring the airtightness.
Optionally, a hinged base 8 is fixed in the electric arc furnace body 4, and the main electrode 9 is connected to the hinged base 8 to adjust the inclination angle of the main electrode 9, so as to realize small-angle rotation of the main electrode 9.
Optionally, an optical observation device 2 is mounted on the arc furnace body 4, and the internal state of the vacuum arc furnace is monitored and checked during the operation of the vacuum arc furnace.
Optionally, a base 5 is fixed at the lower end of the electric arc furnace body 4, a main sample stage 10 is fixed on the base 5 through a sample stage support 11, and the vacuum control system 6 is fixed below the base 5.
Optionally, a manipulator 3 is further connected in the electric arc furnace body 4 to assist in controlling and operating the electric arc furnace.
The use method and the working principle are as follows:
in the process of arc melting, the auxiliary electrode continuously heats zirconium in the auxiliary sample platform to continuously consume oxygen permeating into the furnace from the external environment, so that the oxygen in the whole melting process is continuously consumed and absorbed, and the high purity in the furnace is maintained, thereby obtaining a high-quality sample. In addition, the traditional single-electrode arc furnace has the limitation of the working range and the tightness of the electrode, so that the types and the welding size range of samples capable of being welded are small, the application of the melting or welding function of the arc furnace in scientific research is limited, namely, the rotatable range of the main electrode is limited for ensuring the vacuum degree in a vacuum chamber, and therefore the welding seam size of the samples to be welded of the single-electrode arc furnace cannot be too large, and the welding seam of the samples to be welded needs to be flat. After the auxiliary electrode is added, the auxiliary electrode is matched with the main electrode, so that the size of a welding seam of a weldable sample can be effectively improved, the shape of the welding seam of the sample to be welded can be expanded to be circular arc and spiral, the problem that oxygen in a vacuum chamber is difficult to continuously remove in the smelting process of a traditional vacuum arc smelting furnace, so that the oxygen content in the furnace is increased is solved, and the problem that the welding range of the traditional single-electrode arc smelting furnace is smaller is solved.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an electric arc melting system, includes electric arc furnace body (4) and rather than connected vacuum control system (6), for the inside evacuation of electric arc furnace body (4), its characterized in that still includes:
a main electrode (9) having a lower end extending into the interior of the electric arc furnace body (4);
a secondary electrode (13) connected to the arc furnace body (4) and having a lower end extending into the arc furnace body (4);
a main sample table (10) connected to the inside of the electric arc furnace body (4) and positioned below the main electrode (9);
a secondary sample stage (14) fixed in the arc furnace body (4) and located directly below the secondary electrode (13);
and the power control system (7) is respectively and electrically connected with the vacuum control system (6), the main electrode (9) and the auxiliary electrode (13).
2. The arc melting system of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary electrode (13) is connected to the arc furnace body (4) by an auxiliary electrode elevating mechanism (12) to elevate the auxiliary electrode (13) in a vertical direction, the auxiliary electrode elevating mechanism (12) being electrically connected to the power control system (7).
3. Arc melting system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the secondary electrodes (13) is one or more.
4. The arc melting system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the main electrode (9) is connected to the arc furnace body (4) through a main electrode elevating mechanism (1) to elevate the main electrode (9) in a vertical direction, the main electrode (9) being electrically connected to the power control system (7).
5. Arc melting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a hinged mount (8) is fixed inside the arc furnace body (4), the main electrode (9) being connected to the hinged mount (8) for adjusting the inclination angle of the main electrode (9).
6. Arc melting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the arc furnace body (4) is provided with an optical viewing device (2).
7. Arc melting system according to claim 1, wherein a base (5) is fixed to the lower end of the arc furnace body (4), the main sample stage (10) is fixed to the base (5) by means of a stage mount (11), and the vacuum control system (6) is fixed below the base (5).
8. Arc melting system according to claim 1, characterized in that a robot (3) is also connected inside the arc furnace body (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110921613.9A CN113814522B (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2021-08-11 | Electric arc melting system |
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| CN202110921613.9A CN113814522B (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2021-08-11 | Electric arc melting system |
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| CN113814522B CN113814522B (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117367112A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-01-09 | 北京研邦新材料科技有限公司 | Smelting device and method for hafnium-titanium-zirconium-niobium-tantalum refractory high-entropy alloy |
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2021
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| JP2004257703A (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-16 | Takuma Co Ltd | Electric melting furnace controller |
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| CN117367112A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-01-09 | 北京研邦新材料科技有限公司 | Smelting device and method for hafnium-titanium-zirconium-niobium-tantalum refractory high-entropy alloy |
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Effective date of registration: 20230920 Address after: Room 047, F2001, 20th Floor, Building 4-A, Xixian Financial Port, Fengdong New City Energy Jinmao District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 712000 Patentee after: Shaanxi Iridium Litongsi Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710129 No. 1, Dongxiang Road, Dongda Town, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee before: Northwestern Polytechnical University |