CN113812236A - Rape seed coating agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rape seed coating agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113812236A CN113812236A CN202111237183.5A CN202111237183A CN113812236A CN 113812236 A CN113812236 A CN 113812236A CN 202111237183 A CN202111237183 A CN 202111237183A CN 113812236 A CN113812236 A CN 113812236A
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001785 acacia senegal l. willd gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 sodium alkyl sulfonate Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000219198 Brassica Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003351 Brassica cretica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003343 Brassica rupestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005227 alkyl sulfonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010460 mustard Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZPIRTVJRHUMMOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 ZPIRTVJRHUMMOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rape seed coating agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: film-forming agent: 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Arabic gum and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of trehalose; adhesive agent: 0.05 to 0.08 percent of polyglutamic acid, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of polyacrylamide and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose; penetrant: 0.01 to 0.08 percent of secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate; emulsifier: 0.01 to 0.08 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate; pasting agent: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of potato starch; defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate; the balance being water. According to the invention, through optimizing various components and dosage of the coating agent, the coating agent can play a synergistic role, and the surface active agent is utilized to treat the rape seeds in advance, so that the coating agent can coat the rape seeds more uniformly, the film is easy to form, the rape seeds are not easy to fall off, the germination rate, the seedling rate and multiple agronomic indexes of the rape seeds can be improved to a certain extent while a better coating effect is achieved, the coating agent can be used as a basic formula to play a role in seed coating, and the coating agent has higher production and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed coating, and particularly relates to a rape seed coating agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Over half of the crop production in the world adopts a direct seeding cultivation mode, and the seed germination rate and the seedling rate are the most important indexes of direct seeding cultivation. However, not all areas can obtain good external environments with good land resources, abundant rainfall, sufficient sunlight and the like, and not all crops in all areas can be protected from the harm of the cordyceps sinensis in the vegetative growth stage to the reproductive growth stage and obtain sufficient nutritional conditions, so that the germination of seeds and the seedling rate are unstable under the condition of a direct seeding cultivation mode, and the crop production is influenced. A large number of researches and production practices show that the germination rate and the seedling rate of seeds under adverse environmental conditions can be improved by a proper seed treatment technical means. The seed treatment technology comprises a physical method, a chemical method and a biological pesticide method, wherein the physical method refers to treating seeds by using a magnetic field, ultrasonic waves, rays, plasmas and the like, the chemical method refers to dressing, coating and soaking the seeds by using bactericides, insecticides, plant growth regulators and the like, and the biological pesticide method refers to treating the seeds by using a biological source preparation, coating and soaking the seeds, and the three seed treatment methods are finally aimed at ensuring that the seeds germinate better, are not interfered by diseases, pests and weeds in the seedling stage and have better stress resistance, so that the quality and the yield of crops are further increased.
Rape (Brassica napus L.) is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant of Brassicaceae Brassica of Cappariales, mainly comprises Chinese cabbage type rape, mustard type rape and cabbage type rape, and has edible, ornamental and medicinal values. Therefore, the rape is usually processed by a seed treatment method to obtain high yield, and the rape is usually coated with seeds, pelletized and the like. The seed coating mainly comprises two parts, namely a basic component and a functional component, wherein the basic component comprises substances such as a film forming agent, a binding agent, a high polymer material and the like, and the main purpose is to ensure that the seeds can be coated by seed coating liquid to form coated seeds; the functional components comprise anti-stress substances, insecticides, bactericides, herbicides and the like, and mainly aim to prevent seeds from being damaged by the external environment and grow better. However, the rape seed coating test has some common problems, for example, the germination rate of the rape seeds is obviously reduced by adopting the current various coating test basic formulas, the rape seeds are small, the seed coats are smooth, and the uniform coating of the seed coat liquid on the surfaces of the seeds is difficult to achieve, and the like. Therefore, the basic formula of the rape seed coating must be optimized, so that the germination rate is not affected and the coating is uniform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a rape seed coating agent, which is characterized in that the dosage of each component in the coating agent is optimized to play a synergistic effect, and the seeds are treated by using a surfactant in advance, so that the rape seeds are coated by the coating agent more uniformly, the film is easy to form and not easy to fall off, the better coating effect is achieved, the germination rate of the rape seeds is not influenced, and the number of lateral roots is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a rape seed coating agent, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Arabic gum and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.05 to 0.08 percent of polyglutamic acid, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of polyacrylamide and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: 0.01 to 0.08 percent of secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate;
emulsifier: 0.01 to 0.08 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
Further, the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.303% of Arabic gum and 0.379% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.75% of polyglutamic acid, 0.075% of polyacrylamide and 0.379% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.075%;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfonate 0.075%;
pasting agent: 0.15% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
Further, the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.27% of Arabic gum and 0.34% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.07% of polyglutamic acid, 0.11% of polyacrylamide and 0.34% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkylsulfonate 0.014%;
emulsifier: 0.014% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.105% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
Further, the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.25% of Arabic gum and 0.3125% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.0625% of polyglutamic acid, 0.0625% of polyacrylamide and 0.3125% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.0625%;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfonate 0.0625%;
pasting agent: 0.125% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
Further, the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.23% of Arabic gum and 0.2875% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.0575% of polyglutamic acid, 0.0575% of polyacrylamide and 0.2875% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.0575%;
emulsifier: 0.0575% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.115% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the coating agent, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially weighing the gum arabic, the trehalose, the polyglutamic acid, the polyacrylamide, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, the sodium dodecyl sulfonate and the potato starch, and putting the materials into a beaker;
step 2, adding part of water into the beaker, and uniformly stirring until no powder is seen;
step 3, heating the mixture to boiling after uniformly stirring, taking out the mixture, adding the rest water, uniformly stirring, and heating the mixture again until no solid particles are seen, the solution is white and transparent, and a large amount of foam floats;
and 4, adding a defoaming agent tributyl phosphate while the solution is hot, and cooling to obtain the coating agent.
The invention also provides application of the coating agent in improving the germination rate and/or seedling rate of rape seeds.
The invention also provides a rape seed coating method for improving the germination rate, which comprises the following steps: treating rape seeds, mixing with the coating agent, stirring for 20-30min, standing for 30-60min, placing the seeds in a culture dish containing filter paper, drying at constant temperature, taking out after a white film is observed to be formed on the surfaces of the seeds, and sealing and storing in a sealing bag.
Further, rape seeds are treated with a surfactant and then mixed with a coating agent.
Further, the surfactant is polyethylene glycol.
Further, mixing the rape seeds with a coating agent according to the mass ratio of 10-13: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the problems that the germination rate of rape seeds is influenced, the coating liquid is not uniform and is easy to fall off and the like in the existing coating agent, the invention provides the rape seed coating agent, through optimizing various components and dosage of the coating agent, the coating agent plays a synergistic effect, and the rape seeds are treated in advance by using the surfactant, so that the coating agent can more uniformly coat the rape seeds, a film is easy to form and is difficult to fall off, and a better coating effect is achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a rape seed coating agent and a method for coating rape seeds, which specifically comprise the following steps:
1. the formula of the coating agent is as follows:
the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.303% of Arabic gum and 0.379% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.075% of polyglutamic acid, 0.075% of polyacrylamide and 0.379% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.075%;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfonate 0.075%;
pasting agent: 0.15% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
and 20mL of water.
2. Rape seed and treatment: enough seeds of rape (Qingyou No. 3) are prepared (the seeds are all from the simple cultivation laboratory of rape of Huazhong university of agriculture)
Weighing seeds;
adding a proper amount of tap water, soaking for 1min, taking out the seeds, and sucking water on the surfaces of the seeds;
③ adding 3ml of polyethylene glycol and 7ml of tap water, and shaking up and down for 5 min;
fourthly, sucking out the liquid in the beaker, washing the liquid for 2 to 3 times by using tap water, and sucking dry water to obtain the treated seeds.
3. Coating the rape seeds:
firstly, taking a beaker, a culture dish and an iron ladle, wherein no water is left on the utensil;
weighing eight components (gum arabic, trehalose, polyglutamic acid, polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and potato starch) in the coating agent, individually weighing in sequence, and sequentially putting into a beaker;
③ adding 10ml of water into the beaker, and stirring the mixture evenly by a glass rod at room temperature until no solid powder can float on the water surface (about 3 to 4 min);
fourthly, the beaker containing 10ml of liquid is placed in a microwave oven for heating, when the liquid is about to boil and overflow the plane of the beaker, the beaker is taken out of the microwave oven for stirring, and then the beaker is placed in the microwave oven for heating;
taking the beaker out of the microwave oven, adding the rest 10ml of tap water, stirring at room temperature for 1-2min, then putting the beaker into the microwave oven for heating until no solid particles are seen, enabling the coating liquid to be transparent to be white, floating a large amount of foam on the coating liquid, adding 1ml of tributyl phosphate while the coating liquid is hot, pouring the tributyl phosphate into a culture dish until the liquid in the culture dish is cooled to obtain the coating agent;
sixthly, adding the treated seeds into the coating agent according to the mass ratio of 1:10, wherein the seeds are 3g, and the coating agent is 0.3 g; stirring the coating agent and the seeds with a glass rod in the same direction for 20-30min, standing for 30min-1h, and stirring occasionally while standing;
seventhly, laying a layer of weighing paper in the culture dish, placing the seeds on the culture dish containing the filter paper, paying attention to certain interval between the seeds, drying at constant temperature until a white film appears on the surfaces of the seeds, taking out the seeds, and sealing and storing the seeds in a self-sealing bag.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
(1) the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.27% of Arabic gum and 0.34% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.07% of polyglutamic acid, 0.11% of polyacrylamide and 0.34% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkylsulfonate 0.014%;
emulsifier: 0.014% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.105% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
and 20mL of water.
(2) When the treated seeds are added into the coating agent, the mass ratio of the seeds is 1:11, wherein 3g of seeds is added, and 0.27g of coating agent is added.
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
(1) the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.25% of Arabic gum and 0.3125% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.0625% of polyglutamic acid, 0.0625% of polyacrylamide and 0.3125% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.0625%;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfonate 0.0625%;
pasting agent: 0.125% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
and 20mL of water.
(2) When the treated seeds are added into the coating agent, the mass ratio of the seeds is 1:12, wherein 3g of seeds is added, and 0.25g of coating agent is added.
Example 4
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
(1) the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.23% of Arabic gum and 0.2875% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.0575% of polyglutamic acid, 0.0575% of polyacrylamide and 0.2875% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.0575%;
emulsifier: 0.0575% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.115% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
and 20mL of water.
(2) When the treated seeds are added into the coating agent, the mass ratio of the seeds is 1:13, wherein 3g of seeds is added, and 0.23g of coating agent is added.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
(1) the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 1% of chitosan, 2% of polyvinyl alcohol and 8% of gum arabic;
an antifreezing agent: ethylene glycol;
penetrant: 6% of acetone;
colloid protective agent: 1% of phenol;
defoaming agent: 1% of tributyl phosphate;
and 20mL of water.
(2) Treating rape seeds by adopting a surfactant polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
(1) the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 3% of chitin, 6% of trehalose and 5% of gum arabic;
dispersing agent: vulcanizing agent S-800.5%;
wetting agent: tea saponin 1.5%
Colloid protective agent: 1% of phenol;
defoaming agent: 1 percent of tributyl phosphate
(2) And (3) treating the rape seeds by adopting a surfactant Tween-20.
Evaluation protocol
1. Seed coating quality evaluation
The coated seeds of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were taken and the mass of the coated seeds was measured, respectively, and included:
(1) seed coating falling rate: bagging the coated seeds after the coated seeds are dried, enabling part of the seed coats of the coatings to fall off by friction in the bags, counting the number of the seeds with the fallen seed coats, and calculating the falling rate of the seeds;
(2) adhesion of coated seeds: storing the coated seeds for a period of time, directly measuring the residual quantity of active ingredients on the surfaces of the seeds, wherein the area covered by the coating film on the surfaces of the seeds is taken as a standard, the strong adhesive force is taken that the area covered by the coating film accounts for more than 80 percent of the area of the seeds of the whole seeds, the medium adhesive force is taken that the area covered by the coating film accounts for 50 to 80 percent of the area of the seeds of the whole seeds, and the weak adhesive force is taken that the area covered by the coating film accounts for less than 50 percent of the area of the seeds of the whole seeds;
(3) film forming property of seed coating: coating the film forming agent on the surface of the seeds, and observing whether the film forming can be rapidly carried out; wherein the film formation is qualified within 8 hours, and the film formation is good within more than 8 hours;
(4) caking degree: immediately putting the coated seeds into a beaker, inverting for 24h, taking out the seeds, and observing the caking degree of the seeds.
The measurement results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 determination of quality index for different coating formulations
| Rate of exfoliation | Adhesion force | Film forming property | Degree of caking | |
| Example 1 | 97％ | High strength | Qualified | Is free of |
| Example 2 | 98％ | High strength | Qualified | Is free of |
| Example 3 | 96％ | Medium and high grade | Good wine | Is free of |
| Example 4 | 95％ | High strength | Qualified | Is free of |
| Comparative example 1 | 94％ | Medium and high grade | Good wine | Is free of |
| Comparative example 2 | 95％ | High strength | Qualified | Small part agglomeration |
The results show that the coating agents of the seed coatings of examples 1-4 have good film forming properties, are less prone to exfoliation, are uniformly coated and strongly adhered, and do not form lumps after standing for a period of time, but the coating agents of the seed coatings of comparative examples 1-2 have relatively poor quality, wherein the epidermis of comparative example 1 is prone to exfoliation, have moderate adhesion, and the uniformity of comparative examples 1-2 is relatively poor, and the partial caking phenomenon occurs after the standing of comparative example 2.
2. Indoor germination test and agronomic index evaluation
The seeds coated in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to indoor germination tests, specifically: 3 layers of germination paper are put into the transparent germination box in order, 10-15ml of water is added on the day of sowing, and no air bubbles exist at the bottom of the germination paper. Standing for 5-10min to completely soak the germination paper, and uniformly placing the seeds on the germination paper. 40-50 seeds were sown in each germination box, and three replicates were set. And finally, sealing the germination box, horizontally placing the germination box on a table board, counting the germination number every day, observing the growth dynamics of the germination box, taking out the germination box till the seventh day, and measuring the related agronomic indexes, wherein the measurement results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 evaluation of agricultural indexes of indoor germination test with different coating agent formulas
| Miao height (cm) | Root length (cm) | Fresh weight (g) | Dry weight (g) | Germination rate | Vigor of germination | |
| Naked seed | 4.43 | 9.75 | 1.25 | 0.22 | 95％ | 96％ |
| Example 1 | 4.53 | 9.93 | 1.25 | 0.25 | 97％ | 96％ |
| Example 2 | 4.48 | 9.98 | 1.28 | 0.26 | 98％ | 97％ |
| Example 3 | 4.50 | 9.85 | 1.27 | 0.24 | 98％ | 97％ |
| Example 4 | 4.46 | 9.89 | 1.24 | 0.25 | 96％ | 96％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.40 | 5.68 | 0.65 | 0.16 | 80％ | 75％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.46 | 6.77 | 0.72 | 0.18 | 83％ | 76％ |
The results show that the germination of examples 1-4 is better, the germination rate and the germination vigor are relatively higher, and the agronomic indexes such as plant height, seedling length, dry weight and fresh weight are better, whereas the germination of comparative examples 1-2 is relatively weaker, and the agronomic indexes such as plant height, seedling length, dry weight and fresh weight are relatively poorer. The results show that the invention effectively improves the disadvantage of influencing the germination and growth of seeds existing in the traditional coating agent by optimizing the basic formula of the coating agent.
3. 2019 and 2020 annual field test and agronomic index evaluation
The field test was carried out simultaneously in 2019 and 2020 by the university of Chinese agriculture university test base in Wuhan city, Hubei province and the academy of agricultural science in Jingzhou city, Hubei province, to verify the effects of different coating agents. Seeds of Qingyou No. 3 (all from the simple rape cultivation laboratory at the university of agriculture in Huazhong) were selected and coated with the coating agents of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2, respectively, and uncoated seeds were used as controls, and the treatment groups included six groups of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2, with 2 rows of seeds sowed per group, and 14 rows of seeds. And (4) scribing lines in 26 days of 2019, 9 and 24cm of line space and 2.5m of line length. N, P, K (15% -15% -15%) compound fertilizer 900kg/hm is applied in 2019, 9 and 30 months–2Boron sand 7.5kg/hm–2135kg/hm of urea is applied in the wintering period–2. Seeding is carried out in 2019, 10 and 5 days, and seeding is carried out uniformly in each row and is marked clearly. The germination dynamics is observed every day, photographing records are carried out until the seeds completely emerge, the emergence situation and the growth vigor of the seeds and various agronomic indexes are counted, and the measurement results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 agronomic index evaluation of field trials (Wuhan, 2019-Buck 2020)
| Miao height (cm) | Root length (cm) | Fresh weight (g) | Dry weight (g) | Rate of emergence | Rate of seedling formation | |
| Naked seed | 3.43 | 7.63 | 1.07 | 0.16 | 92％ | 93％ |
| Example 1 | 3.53 | 7.95 | 1.08 | 0.18 | 96％ | 95％ |
| Example 2 | 3.48 | 8.01 | 1.13 | 0.19 | 95％ | 95％ |
| Example 3 | 3.50 | 7.84 | 1.07 | 0.19 | 97％ | 96％ |
| Example 4 | 3.46 | 7.71 | 1.05 | 0.17 | 96％ | 94％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.40 | 6.50 | 0.85 | 0.09 | 75％ | 85％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.47 | 6.55 | 0.90 | 0.10 | 74％ | 82％ |
TABLE 4 agronomic index evaluation of field trials (Jingzhou, 2019-2020 years)
| Miao height (cm) | Root length (cm) | Fresh weight (g) | Dry weight (g) | Rate of emergence | Rate of seedling formation | |
| Naked seed | 3.57 | 7.96 | 1.04 | 0.19 | 92％ | 91％ |
| Example 1 | 3.66 | 8.06 | 1.06 | 0.18 | 96％ | 94％ |
| Example 2 | 3.68 | 8.19 | 1.15 | 0.24 | 98％ | 95％ |
| Example 3 | 3.59 | 8.07 | 1.01 | 0.20 | 96％ | 96％ |
| Example 4 | 3.55 | 7.89 | 1.05 | 0.16 | 97％ | 95％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.73 | 6.85 | 0.95 | 0.12 | 78％ | 86％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.87 | 6.78 | 0.93 | 0.10 | 73％ | 84％ |
Combining the evaluation results of tables 3 and 4, the results show that there is not much difference in the rate of emergence and the rate of seedling formation between examples 1 to 4; however, the emergence and the seedling rate of the examples 1 to 4 are better than those of the comparative examples 1 to 2, and the performances are more obvious in the Jingzhou area, namely, the coating agent of the invention is more beneficial to the germination and emergence of seeds. The difference in emergence between two areas is mainly caused by the natural environment or soil conditions.
4. 2020 + 2021 annual field test and agronomic index evaluation
The test was conducted in 2020 and 2021 at the test base of the university of Chinese, Wuhan, Hubei province and the academy of agricultural sciences, Jingzhou, Hubei province. Seeds of Qingyou No. 3 (all from the simplified rape plant laboratory at the university of agriculture in Huazhong) were selected and coated with the coating agents of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and uncoated seeds were used as controls, and the treatment groups included six groups of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and 2 rows of seeds were sown per group, and 14 rows were sown. The lines are drawn in 10 months and 5 days in 2020, the line spacing is 24cm, and the line length is 2.5 m. Applying compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are 15 percent respectively) at 10 months and 10 days in 2020, wherein the compound fertilizer is 900kg/hm-2Boron sand 7.5kg/hm–2135kg/hm of urea is applied in the wintering period–2. Seeding is carried out in 16 days 10 and 10 in 2020, and seeding is carried out uniformly in each row and is marked clearly. The germination dynamics is observed every day, photographing records are carried out until the seeds completely emerge, the emergence situation and the growth vigor of the seeds and various agronomic indexes are counted, and the measurement results are shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 agronomic index evaluation of the field trial (Wuhan, 2020-Busy 2021 years)
| Miao height (cm) | Root length (cm) | Fresh weight (g) | Dry weight (g) | Rate of emergence | Rate of seedling formation | |
| Naked seed | 3.69 | 8.68 | 1.08 | 0.17 | 93％ | 92％ |
| Example 1 | 3.77 | 9.13 | 1.12 | 0.19 | 96％ | 95％ |
| Example 2 | 3.81 | 8.97 | 1.18 | 0.21 | 96％ | 95％ |
| Example 3 | 3.70 | 9.05 | 1.06 | 0.21 | 97％ | 96％ |
| Example 4 | 3.66 | 8.60 | 1.05 | 0.17 | 96％ | 94％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.43 | 6.81 | 0.94 | 0.10 | 75％ | 72％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.98 | 7.73 | 0.98 | 0.12 | 82％ | 80％ |
TABLE 6 evaluation of agronomic indices for field trials (Jingzhou, 2020-Busy 2021 years)
| Miao height (cm) | Root length (cm) | Fresh weight (g) | Dry weight (g) | Rate of emergence | Rate of seedling formation | |
| Naked seed | 3.87 | 9.89 | 1.19 | 0.19 | 92％ | 90％ |
| Example 1 | 3.91 | 9.78 | 1.23 | 0.21 | 97％ | 96％ |
| Example 2 | 4.03 | 10.15 | 1.28 | 0.24 | 98％ | 98％ |
| Example 3 | 3.96 | 9.97 | 1.19 | 0.18 | 98％ | 97％ |
| Example 4 | 3.99 | 9.73 | 1.15 | 0.17 | 96％ | 95％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.95 | 8.90 | 1.05 | 0.12 | 72％ | 70％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.88 | 8.95 | 1.06 | 0.10 | 81％ | 75％ |
Combining the evaluation results in tables 5 and 6, the results showed that the emergence and the seedling rate of examples 1-4 were increased compared to those of naked seeds, and were more significant in the Jingzhou area, while the emergence and seedling rate of examples 1-4 did not vary much; however, compared with examples 1-4, the emergence rate and the seedling rate of comparative examples 1-2 are reduced to a certain extent, and the emergence rate in the Jingzhou area is almost not different from that of naked seeds, and the results show that the coating agent of the invention can better protect the seeds and improve the germination and emergence conditions of rape seeds, thereby having wide application prospect.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The rape seed coating agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Arabic gum and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.05 to 0.08 percent of polyglutamic acid, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of polyacrylamide and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: 0.01 to 0.08 percent of secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate;
emulsifier: 0.01 to 0.08 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
2. The rape seed coating agent of claim 1, wherein the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.303% of Arabic gum and 0.379% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.075% of polyglutamic acid, 0.075% of polyacrylamide and 0.379% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.075%;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfonate 0.075%;
pasting agent: 0.15% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
3. The rape seed coating agent of claim 1, wherein the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.27% of Arabic gum and 0.34% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.07% of polyglutamic acid, 0.11% of polyacrylamide and 0.34% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkylsulfonate 0.014%;
emulsifier: 0.014% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.105% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
4. The rape seed coating agent of claim 1, wherein the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.25% of Arabic gum and 0.3125% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.0625% of polyglutamic acid, 0.0625% of polyacrylamide and 0.3125% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.0625%;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfonate 0.0625%;
pasting agent: 0.125% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
5. The rape seed coating agent of claim 1, wherein the coating agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
film-forming agent: 0.23% of Arabic gum and 0.2875% of trehalose;
adhesive agent: 0.0575% of polyglutamic acid, 0.0575% of polyacrylamide and 0.2875% of carboxymethyl cellulose;
penetrant: secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.0575%;
emulsifier: 0.0575% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;
pasting agent: 0.115% of potato starch;
defoaming agent: 5% of tributyl phosphate;
the balance being water.
6. The method for preparing the coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises:
step 1, sequentially weighing the gum arabic, the trehalose, the polyglutamic acid, the polyacrylamide, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, the sodium dodecyl sulfonate and the potato starch, and putting the materials into a beaker;
step 2, adding part of water into the beaker, and uniformly stirring until no powder is seen;
step 3, heating the mixture to boiling after uniformly stirring, taking out the mixture, adding the rest water, uniformly stirring, and heating the mixture again until no solid particles are seen, the solution is white and transparent, and a large amount of foam floats;
and 4, adding a defoaming agent tributyl phosphate while the solution is hot, and cooling to obtain the coating agent.
7. Use of a coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for increasing the germination rate and/or the seedling rate of oilseed rape seeds.
8. A method for coating rape seeds to improve germination rate, which comprises the following steps: mixing the treated rape seeds with the coating agent of any one of claims 1 to 5, stirring for 20 to 30min, standing for 30 to 60min, placing the seeds in a culture dish containing filter paper, drying at constant temperature, taking out after a white film is observed to be formed on the surfaces of the seeds, and sealing and storing in a sealing bag.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the rape seed is treated with a surfactant and then mixed with a coating agent.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rape seeds are mixed with the coating agent according to a mass ratio of 10-13: 1.
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