CN113811284A - 包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和甲基酰基牛磺酸盐表面活性剂混合物的层状液体清洁剂 - Google Patents
包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和甲基酰基牛磺酸盐表面活性剂混合物的层状液体清洁剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113811284A CN113811284A CN202080033788.XA CN202080033788A CN113811284A CN 113811284 A CN113811284 A CN 113811284A CN 202080033788 A CN202080033788 A CN 202080033788A CN 113811284 A CN113811284 A CN 113811284A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种层状液体组合物,其包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐、甲基酰基牛磺酸盐、两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂。出乎意料的是,申请人已发现,当羟乙基磺酸盐与牛磺酸盐的比率保持在约1:1时,实现了增强的起泡。其他关键因素包括两性和/或两性离子与阴离子表面活性剂的比率、表面活性剂的总量和pH。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及适用于局部施用以清洁人体(例如皮肤和毛发)的层状液体清洁组合物。特别地,其涉及至少在一个实施方式中优选地不含硫酸盐且对皮肤和头皮温和的组合物。所述组合物优选地能够明显起泡、稳定并且具有层状(液晶)微观结构。
背景技术
消费者寻求不含硫酸盐的个人清洁组合物(例如,不含硫酸盐基的表面活性剂),其极其温和且保湿,同时通常在一次淋浴后提供卓越的感官益处,例如乳脂状泡沫和柔软、光滑的皮肤。已知酰基羟乙基磺酸盐是极其温和的表面活性剂,并且是一种理想的表面活性剂,以大量和乳脂状泡沫提供消费者所需的温和性和保湿性。然而,由于酰基羟乙基磺酸盐在水性系统中的溶解度低,包含高含量的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的液体清洁剂易于结晶。
层状液体受到消费者的喜爱,因为鉴于其乳液般的粘度,具有保湿沐浴露的合理声誉。此外,可以在层状沐浴露组合物中实现高润肤剂负载量,而不破坏此类组合物的稳定性。
Sun等(Journal of Cosmetic Science,54,559-568,2003)已提出了几种可用于溶解酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的表面活性剂,例如甲基酰基牛磺酸盐、酰基谷氨酸盐、酰基乳酸盐、烷基醚和二烷基磺基琥珀酸盐和酰基肌氨酸盐。在概述的表面活性剂中,甲基酰基牛磺酸盐提供了优于其他表面活性剂的独特优势,因为甲基酰基牛磺酸盐和酰基羟乙基磺酸盐可以在单罐反应器中作为混合物商业合成(US 6,562,874,Ilardi等)。
在本发明中,出人意料地发现,当以特定重量比率组合时,酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和甲基酰基牛磺酸盐的混合物表现出协同作用并产生优异且增强的泡沫体积,同时保持泡沫乳脂性,这些是消费者期望的特性。
Lee等,US 5,415,810公开了包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的液体,其还包含其他阴离子表面活性剂,例如甲基酰基牛磺酸盐,但没有认识到在两种表面活性剂之间的特定比率范围内使用的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和甲基酰基牛磺酸盐之间的任何协同作用(例如,在泡沫中)。
D’Angelo的US 5,925,603公开了使用甲基酰基牛磺酸盐作为酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的增溶表面活性剂,但没有认识到酰基羟乙基磺酸盐与甲基酰基牛磺酸盐的特定比率可以产生协同的泡沫性能。公开的组合物也被规定是在7.5和8.5pH单位之间。在这些pH值下,酰基羟乙基磺酸盐在热带地区非常普遍存在的较高温度下会发生水解。最理想的是配制pH 6至7.3之间的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐制剂以避免水解。本发明的制剂的pH是5.0至7.4,优选地6.0至7.3。在优选的实施方式中,所述组合物pH是6.3至7.0。
Loeffler等,US 2009/0062406 A1公开了包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐、甲基酰基牛磺酸盐和烷基甜菜碱的混合物的可流动的水性浓缩物。再次,没有认识到酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和甲基酰基牛磺酸盐之间的特定比率在产生消费者期望的泡沫方面上可以是协同的。所述组合物是表面活性剂含量远高于20%的浓缩系统。该发明所述的组合物的表面活性剂含量低于20重量%。
在Griffin等的US 9,187,716中公开了包含羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂、牛磺酸盐表面活性剂和肌氨酸盐表面活性剂的混合物的层状液晶组合物。描述的组合物包含至少2重量%的电解质,并且没有认识到增强的泡沫体积和泡沫乳脂状属性的保持。此外,在实施例(实施例1-A、2-A)中,羟乙基磺酸盐的量大于牛磺酸盐的量的3倍。
Elder等的US 2017/0304173公开了用于卸妆的组合物,其包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和甲基酰基牛磺酸盐的混合物。再次,没有认识到酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和甲基酰基牛磺酸盐之间的特定比率在产生消费者期望的泡沫方面上可以是协同的。此外,公开的组合物要求使用对卸妆有效的非离子乳化剂。
然而,非离子乳化剂的使用在本发明所述的温和的皮肤和毛发清洁(层状)组合物中是任选的。在本发明的一个实施方式中,组合物(或制剂)基本上不含非离子乳化剂(或表面活性剂),其中基本上不含是指基于组合物的总重量小于0.01重量%。在另一实施方式中,基于组合物的总重量,本发明所述的组合物包含小于0.008重量%的非离子乳化剂,且在又一实施方式中,包含小于0.005重量%的非离子乳化剂。在又一实施方式中,本发明所述的组合物包含0.00001至0.004重量%的非离子乳化剂。在又一实施方式中,所述组合物不含(0.0%)非离子乳化剂。在另一实施方式中,当两性表面活性剂(包括甜菜碱)、两性离子表面活性剂或其混合物以组合物的总重量的0.1重量%或更多存在时,本发明所述的组合物基本上不含非离子乳化剂。当甜菜碱、两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂(包括甜菜碱)不超过组合物的0.1重量%时,在本发明的范围内,所述组合物包含0.00001至8重量%的非离子表面活性剂(包括归入其中的所有范围),并且在另一实施方式中,包含0.001至7重量%的非离子表面活性剂,且在又一实施方式中,包含1至6重量%的非离子表面活性剂。
出乎意料的是,已经发现,当控制酰基羟乙基磺酸盐与甲基酰基牛磺酸盐的比率(1.5:1至1:1.5)时,获得了泡沫体积的显著增加。
发明概述
本发明涉及一种层状个人清洁液体组合物。层状组合物是其中表面活性剂胶束聚集并形成液晶表面活性剂双层的那些层状组合物。所述组合物包含:
1)0.1至10重量%,优选地0.5至8重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐;
2)0.1重量%至10重量%,优选地0.5至8重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的甲基酰基牛磺酸盐;
3)0.1至20重量%,优选地1至10重量%,更优选地2至5重量%的层状结构剂;
4)0.0至15重量%,优选地0.1至10重量%,更优选地0.5至8重量%的两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂;和
5)0.0至8.0重量%,优选地0.001至7重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的非离子表面活性剂,
条件是所有表面活性剂的总和小于20重量%,并且所述组合物不同时包含0.01重量%或更多的非离子表面活性剂和0.1重量%或更多的两性表面活性剂(包括甜菜碱)和/或两性离子表面活性剂,并且不同时包含0.0重量%的两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂和0.0重量%的非离子表面活性剂,
其中酰基羟乙基磺酸盐与甲基酰基牛磺酸盐表面活性剂的比率是1.5:1至1:1.5,和优选地1.25:1至1:1.25,和更优选地1.1:1至1:1.1,和最优选地1:1。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,两性、两性离子和/或非离子表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂的比率是1:10至4:1,优选地1:8至3:1和最优选地1:5至2:1,条件是所有表面活性剂的总和也小于20重量%,并且所述组合物的pH是5.0至7.4,优选地6.0至7.3,并且进一步地,其中所述组合物基本上不含非离子表面活性剂。在一些实施方式中,所述组合物的pH是6.3至7.3,包括纳入其中的所有范围。在一个特别优选的实施方式中,两性和/或两性离子与阴离子的比率是1:1。
在本发明的又一实施方式中,两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂占组合物的0.0至小于0.1重量%,并且非离子表面活性剂以组合物的0.02至8重量%的量存在。
发明详述
除非在实施例中或另有明确说明,本说明书中指示物质的量或反应条件、物质的物理性质和/或用途的所有数字应理解为由“约”一词修饰。
正如通篇所用,范围用作描述范围内的每个值的简写。可以选择范围内的任何值作为范围的终点。因此,所有范围意在包括纳入其中的所有范围。使用和/或表示可以单独选择列表中的任何一个,或者可以选择列表中的任何组合。
为免生疑问,“包含”一词旨在表示“包括”,但不一定是“由……组成”或“由……构成”。换言之,列出的步骤或选项不必是详尽无遗的。层状结构化剂旨在包括脂肪酸、液体醇及其衍生物(例如酯衍生物),所有这些都在个人护理组合物中诱导层状相。
除非另有说明,使用的成分的量的所有百分比应理解为基于组合物的总重量中的物质的活性重量的重量百分比,该总重量为100%。乳化剂和表面活性剂在本文中可以互换使用。为免生疑问,两性表面活性剂包括甜菜碱。本文所用的非离子表面活性剂包括氧化胺。
本发明涉及包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐、甲基酰基牛磺酸盐和至少一种两性、两性离子和/或非离子表面活性剂的层状液体清洁组合物。层状组合物是其中表面活性剂形成胶束的那些层状组合物,所述胶束确实聚集以形成层状(液晶)层。本发明涉及包含小于0.2重量%的硫酸盐基的表面活性剂的层状清洁组合物。在另一实施方式中,本发明涉及包含0.0001至小于0.2重量%的硫酸盐基的表面活性剂的组合物。在又一实施方式中,本发明涉及不含(0.0重量%)硫酸盐基的表面活性剂的组合物。在本发明的另一实施方式中,所述组合物包含小于3重量%的甜菜碱。在又一实施方式中,本发明所述的组合物包含0.0001至2.5重量%的甜菜碱,且在另一实施方式中不含(0.0重量%)甜菜碱。
当酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和酰基甲基牛磺酸盐的比率保持在1.5:1至1:1.5时;表面活性剂的总含量保持在低于所述组合物的20重量%;并且pH是5.0至7.4,优选地6.0至7.3。本发明所述的组合物产生和保持温和的益处,同时相比于其中酰基羟乙基磺酸盐与甲基酰基牛磺酸盐的比率在这些范围之外的组合物显著增强起泡。所述组合物可任选地包含两性、两性离子和/或非离子表面活性剂,并且此类表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂的比率可以是1:1或更高。
更具体地说,本发明包含:
1)0.1至8重量%,优选地0.5至6重量%,更优选地1至4重量%的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐;
2)0.1重量%至8重量%,优选地0.5至6重量%,更优选地1至4重量%的甲基酰基牛磺酸盐;
3)0.1至20重量%,优选地1至10重量%,更优选地2至5重量%的层状结构剂;
4)0.1至8重量%,优选地0.2至7重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂;和
5)0.0至8.0重量%,优选地0.001至7重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的非离子表面活性剂,
条件是所有表面活性剂的总和小于20重量%,并且所述组合物不同时包含0.01重量%或更多的非离子表面活性剂和0.1重量%或更多的两性表面活性剂(包括甜菜碱)和/或两性离子表面活性剂,和/或不同时包含0.0重量%的两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂和0.0重量%的非离子表面活性剂,
其中酰基羟乙基磺酸盐与甲基酰基牛磺酸盐表面活性剂的比率是1.5:1至1:1.5,和更优选地1.25:1至1:1.25,和优选地1.1:1至1:1.1,和最优选地1:1,且进一步地,其中表面活性剂(4)和/或表面活性剂(5)与阴离子表面活性剂(例如组分(1)和(2))的比率是1:10至4:1,优选地1:8至3:1,更优选地1:5至2:1,和最优选地1:1,进一步的条件是所述组合物的pH是5.0至7.4,优选地6.0至7.3。
下文更详细地描述了本发明。
脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐分子(例如,椰油酰基羟乙基磺酸盐)是个人护理皮肤或毛发清洁产品、特别是个人护理产品中非常需要的阴离子表面活性剂,因为其起泡良好,对皮肤温和并且具有良好的润肤性能。通常,脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐通过脂肪酸的直接酯化或通过具有C8至C20碳链长度的脂肪酰氯与羟乙基磺酸盐的反应来生产。典型的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂“产品”(例如,商业销售或制造的表面活性剂产品)除了羟乙基磺酸盐(通常小于5%)和痕量(低于2重量%)的其他杂质外,包含约40至95重量%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品和0至50重量%(通常5至40重量%)的游离脂肪酸。
根据我们的发明,如实施例中所见,当甲基酰基牛磺酸盐与酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的比率是1.5:1至1:1.5,优选地1.25:1至1:1.25和特别地1:1(且满足所示其他要求)时,泡沫体积出人意料地增强。
要求保护的发明的第二必需组分是甲基酰基牛磺酸。该组分以所述层状组合物的总重量的0.1至10重量%,优选地0.5至8重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的水平存在。
甲基酰基牛磺酸盐(taurate或tauride)是一组温和的阴离子表面活性剂。其由亲水性头部基团(由N-甲基牛磺酸盐(2-甲基氨基乙磺酸)组成)和亲脂性残基(由长链羧酸(脂肪酸)组成)组成,两者通过酰胺键连接。使用的脂肪酸可以是月桂酸(C12)、肉豆蔻酸(C14)、棕榈酸(C16)或硬脂酸(C18),但主要使用了油酸(C18:1)和椰子脂肪酸(C8-C18)的混合物。除了钠之外,通常没有其他抗衡离子发挥相关作用(其他抗衡离子可以是例如铵或其他碱金属或碱土金属)。
如上所述,本发明涉及其中酰基羟乙基磺酸盐与甲基酰基牛磺酸盐的比率是1.5:1至1:1.5,优选地1.25:1至1:1.25和最优选地1:1的组合物。如实施例中所示,在这些比率下,泡沫体积出乎意料地增强。
本发明的第三组分是两性离子、两性和/或非离子表面活性剂,优选地两性表面活性剂。
可用于本发明中的两性表面活性剂包含至少一个酸基团。这可以是羧酸或磺酸基团。其包括季氮,因此是季酰胺酸。其通常应包括7至18个碳原子的烷基或烯基。其通常符合以下整体结构式:
其中R1是7至8个碳原子的烷基或烯基;
R2和R3各自独立地是1至3个碳原子的烷基、羟烷基或羧烷基;
n是2至4;
m是0至1;
X是任选被羟基取代的1至3个碳原子的亚烷基,并且
Y是-----CO2-----或----SO3----。
在一个实施方式中,两性可以是烷基酰胺烷基甜菜碱(例如椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱)。其也可以是两性乙酸盐;或羟基磺基甜菜碱(例如,椰油酰胺丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱)。
两性离子表面活性剂是通过可广泛描述为脂族季铵、鏻和锍化合物的衍生物的那些两性离子表面活性剂示例的,其中脂族基团可以是直链或支链,并且其中脂族取代基之一包含约8至约18个碳原子并且一个包含阴离子基团,例如羧基磺酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐或膦酸盐。这些化合物的通式是:
其中R2包含约8至约18个碳原子、0至约10个环氧乙烷部分和0至约1个甘油部分的烷基、烯基或羟基烷基基团;Y选自由氮、磷和硫原子组成的组;R3是包含约1至约3个碳原子的烷基或单羟基烷基;当Y是硫原子时,X是1,并且当Y是氮或磷原子时,X是2;R4是约1至约4个碳原子的亚烷基或羟基亚烷基,并且Z是选自由羧酸根、磺酸根、硫酸根、膦酸根和磷酸根基团组成的组的基团。
本发明的第四组分是非离子表面活性剂。
可以使用的非离子尤其包括具有疏水基团和活性氢原子的化合物(例如脂肪醇、酸、酰胺或烷基酚)与环氧烷、尤其是与单独的环氧乙烷或与环氧丙烷的反应产物。特定的非离子洗涤剂化合物是烷基(C.sub.6-C.sub.22)酚-环氧乙烷缩合物,脂肪族(C.sub.8-C.sub.18)直链或支链伯醇或仲醇与环氧乙烷的缩合产物,以及通过环氧乙烷与环氧丙烷和乙二胺的反应产物缩合而成的产物。其他所谓的非离子洗涤剂化合物包括长链叔胺氧化物、长链叔膦氧化物和二烷基亚砜。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,用于本发明的非离子表面活性剂包括月桂基酰氨基丙基氧化胺、月桂基氧化胺、椰油酰氨基丙基氧化胺或其混合物。此类氧化胺可从供应商(例如Stepan)以Ammonyx名称商购获得。
在本发明所述的组合物中,两性、两性离子和/或非离子表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂的比率是1:1至4:1,优选地1:1至3:1和更优选地1.8:1至2.2:1。
所述液体组合物可以包含通常在个人护理清洁剂组合物中发现的多种其他成分。
除了特定的羟乙基磺酸盐、牛磺酸盐和两性/两性离子表面活性剂之外,所述组合物可以包含少量另外的表面活性剂(通常以少于三种表面活性剂中任一种的量使用),只要所有表面活性剂的总量小于本发明所述的层状液体清洁组合物的20重量%。
可任选地包括的其他表面活性剂是Parran Jr.的美国专利号3,723,325和Schwartz、Perry&Berch的“Surface Active Agents and Detergents”(卷I和II)中描述的阳离子表面活性剂,两者的公开内容均通过引用并入本申请。
本发明所述的组合物使用0.1至20重量%,优选地1至10重量%,更优选地2至5重量%的层状结构剂(基于所述层状液体清洁组合物的总重量),其在所述组合物中起作用以形成层状相。这种层状相使所述组合物能够更容易地悬浮颗粒(例如润肤剂颗粒),同时仍保持良好的剪切稀化特性。所述层状相还为消费者提供所需的流变性(“堆积”)。
可用作结构剂的脂肪酸(或其酯衍生物、脂肪醇或三羟基硬脂酸)的实例是C8-C22酸,例如:辛酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、油酸、异硬脂酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、蓖麻油酸、反油酸、花生四烯酸、肉豆蔻油酸和棕榈油酸等。酯衍生物包括丙二醇异硬脂酸酯、丙二醇油酸酯、甘油异硬脂酸酯、甘油油酸酯和聚甘油二异硬脂酸酯等。
所述结构剂优选地是脂肪酸。更优选地,所述结构剂选自辛酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸或其混合物。
水溶性/分散性聚合物是任选的成分,其通常优选包含在本发明所述的液体组合物中以有助于所述层状组合物的稳定性。所述水溶性/或分散性聚合物可以是分子量高于100,000道尔顿的阳离子、阴离子、两性或非离子聚合物。已知这些聚合物增强使用中和使用后的皮肤感觉,增强泡沫乳脂性和泡沫稳定性,并增加液体清洁剂组合物的粘度。此类聚合物占所述层状组合物的总重量的0.05至6重量%和优选地0.1至4重量%。
可用于本发明的水溶性/或分散性聚合物的实例包括碳水化合物胶(例如纤维素胶)、微晶纤维素、纤维素凝胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟甲基或羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、瓜尔胶、刺梧桐树胶、黄蓍胶、阿拉伯树胶、金合欢树胶、琼脂胶、黄原胶及其混合物;凝胶化温度在30至85℃之间的改性和非改性淀粉颗粒,和预凝胶化冷水可溶性淀粉;聚丙烯酸酯;卡波姆;碱溶性乳液聚合物,例如Aculyn 28、Acuyln 22或卡波姆Aqua SF1;阳离子聚合物,例如改性多糖,其包含可从Rhone Poulenc以商品名Jaguar C13S、Jaguar C14S、Jaguar C17或Jaguar C16获得的阳离子瓜尔胶;阳离子改性纤维素,例如来自Amerchol的UCARE Polymer JR 30或JR 40;来自Hercules的N-Hance3000、N-Hance 3196、N-Hance GPX 215或N-Hance GPX 196;合成的阳离子聚合物,例如Nalco的MerQuat 100、MerQuat 280、Merquat 281和Merquat 550;阳离子淀粉,例如Henkel,Inc.的Galactasol 800系列所制的100、200、300和400;QuadrosoftUm-200;和Polyquaternium-24。
凝胶形成聚合物(例如改性或非改性淀粉颗粒)、黄原胶、卡波姆、碱溶性乳液聚合物和阳离子瓜尔胶(例如Jaguar C13S)、和阳离子改性纤维素(例如UCARE Polymer JR 30或JR 40)是本发明特别优选的。
水溶性和水不溶性皮肤有益剂
水溶性皮肤有益剂是适合包含在本发明所述的液体组合物中的通常优选的任选成分。可使用多种水溶性皮肤有益剂,其含量可以是0至40重量%,优选地1至30重量%,甚至更优选地2至12重量%。所述材料包括但不限于多羟基醇,例如甘油、丙二醇、山梨糖醇、泛醇和糖;尿素、α-羟基酸及其盐(例如乙醇酸或乳酸),和分子量小于20,000的低分子量聚乙二醇。用于液体组合物中的优选的水溶性皮肤有益剂是甘油、山梨糖醇和丙二醇。
一类成分是用于滋润和强化例如皮肤的营养素。这些包括:
a)维生素(例如维生素A、E),维生素烷基酯(例如维生素C烷基酯);
b)脂质,例如胆固醇、胆固醇酯、羊毛脂、神经酰胺、蔗糖酯和假神经酰胺;
c)脂质体形成物质(例如磷脂)和具有两条长烃链的合适的两亲性分子;
d)必需脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和这些物质的来源;
e)不饱和脂肪酸的甘油三酯,例如葵花油、月见草油、鳄梨油、杏仁油;
f)由饱和及不饱和脂肪酸的混合物形成的植物油,例如乳木果油;
g)矿物质,例如锌、镁和铁的来源。
第二类水不溶性皮肤有益剂是用于为皮肤提供润湿感觉的皮肤调理剂。合适的皮肤调理剂包括:
a)硅油、树胶及其变体,例如直链和环状聚二甲基硅氧烷、氨基、烷基和烷基芳基硅油;
b)烃类,例如液态石蜡、矿脂、凡士林、微晶蜡、地蜡、角鲨烯、普瑞斯坦(pristan)、石蜡和矿物油;
c)调理蛋白,例如乳蛋白、丝蛋白和谷蛋白;
e)保湿剂,例如甘油、山梨糖醇和尿素;
f)润肤剂,例如长链脂肪酸的酯,例如棕榈酸异丙酯和乳酸鲸蜡酯。
第三类有益剂是深层清洁剂。这些在本文中被定义为可以在清洁后立即增加清爽感或可以对与不完全清洁相关的皮肤问题提供持续效果的成分。深层清洁剂包括:
a)抗微生物剂,例如2-羟基-4,2,4-三氯二苯醚(DP300)2,6-二甲基-4-羟基氯苯(PCMX)、3,4,4-三氯碳酰苯胺(TCC)、3-三氟甲基-4,4-二氯碳酰苯胺(TFC)、过氧化苯甲酰、锌板条、茶树油,
b)抗粉刺剂,例如水杨酸、乳酸、乙醇酸、和柠檬酸以及过氧化苯甲酰(也是一种抗微生物剂),
c)控油剂,其包括皮脂抑制剂,改性剂(例如二氧化硅、二氧化钛),吸油剂(例如微海绵),
d)收敛剂,其包括单宁、锌和铝盐、植物提取物(例如来自绿茶和金缕梅(金缕梅属)),
e)擦洗和去角质颗粒,例如聚乙烯球,附聚的二氧化硅,糖,研磨的核、种子和果壳(例如来自核桃、桃子、鳄梨和燕麦),盐,
f)冷却剂,例如甲醇及其各种衍生物和低级醇,
g)果实和草药提取物,
h)皮肤安抚剂,例如芦荟,
i)精油,例如metah、茉莉、樟脑、白雪松、苦橙皮、黑麦、松节油、肉桂、佛手柑、温州蜜柑、菖蒲、松树、薰衣草、月桂、丁香、罗汉柏、桉树、柠檬、七瓣莲、百里香、胡椒薄荷、玫瑰、鼠尾草、薄荷醇、桉树脑、苏根醇、柠檬醛、香茅油、冰片、芳樟醇、香叶醇、月见草、樟脑、tymol、螺烷醇(spirantol)、蒎烯、柠檬烯和萜类油。
可以使用的其他有益剂包括抗衰老化合物、防晒剂、美白剂和例如以下的有益剂:维生素B3,间苯二酚(尤其是4-取代的间苯二酚,例如4-乙基和4-己基间苯二酚),类视黄醇,和抗微生物剂(例如萜品醇和/或百里酚)。
当有益剂是油(尤其是低粘度油)时,将其预增稠以增强其递送可能是有利的。在这种情况下,可以使用He等的美国专利号5,817,609中描述的类型的疏水性聚合物,其公开内容通过引用并入本申请。
本发明的最终液体清洁剂组合物的pH值应为5.0至7.4,优选地6.0至7.3。在环境温度下,所述组合物包含溶解温度在30℃至50℃的表面活性剂晶体。所述组合物还应该在室温和45℃物理相稳定至少两周。
其他任选组分
此外,本发明所述的组合物可以包含0至10重量%的下述任选组分:
香料;螯合剂,例如乙二胺四乙酸四钠(EDTA)、EHDP或混合物(量为0.01至1%,优选地0.01至0.05%);和着色剂、遮光剂和珠光剂,例如硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁、TiO2、EGMS(单硬脂酸乙二醇酯)或Lytron 621(苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物);其中所有都有助于增强所述产品的化妆品特性的外观。
所述组合物可以进一步包含抗微生物剂,例如2-羟基-4,2’4’三氯二苯醚(DP300);防腐剂,例如二甲基邻二甲基乙内酰脲(Glydant XL 1000)、对羟基苯甲酸酯、苯氧乙醇、羟基苯乙酮、山梨酸等。此类防腐剂的功效可以用归类为烷烃二醇(例如1,2-辛二醇、1,2-戊二醇、1,2-己二醇或其混合物)的众所周知的成分来提高。
如果合适,可以有利地以约0.01%或更高的量使用抗氧化剂(例如,如丁基化的羟基甲苯(BHT)和/或EDTA)。
可用作调理剂的聚乙二醇包括:
Polyox WSR-25 PEG 14M,
Polyox WSR-N-60K PEG 45M,或
Polyox WSR-N-750 PEG 7M。
可包含的另一种成分是去角质剂,例如聚氧乙烯珠、核桃壳和杏籽。
本发明进一步包括制备包含上述组合物组分的组合物的方法,其中酰基羟乙基磺酸盐与酰基甲基牛磺酸盐的比率是1.5:1至1:1.5,优选地1.25:1至1:1.25;其中两性、两性离子和/或非离子表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂的比率是0.1:1或更高;并且其中表面活性剂的总和小于20重量%,所述方法包括:
第一步可以包括在65-75℃将主要表面活性剂与结构剂混合到去离子水中。随后,添加辅助增稠剂、稳定剂、润肤油和抗氧化剂。将批料混合至均匀稠度,然后冷却至35℃。在冷却过程中加入辅助表面活性剂,然后在35至45℃加入皮肤调理剂、保湿剂、螯合剂、pH调节剂、防腐剂、芳香剂和其他敏感剂。
本发明进一步包括使用本发明所述的组合物来增强起泡。
本发明所述的组合物的特点是层状的。
提供的实施例是为了进一步说明对本发明的理解。所述实施例无意限制要求保护的发明的范围。
实施例和方案
在所有随后的实施例中,所述泡沫是使用Sita Foam设备产生的,且程序如下所示。
用水对产品进行各种稀释,范围从2.5克产品对250克水至10克产品对250克水,因为消费者通常在淋浴时使用一定范围的产品量,并且这些实施例中使用的稀释度接近该范围。此外,消费者还可以用手或浴球以不同的力在皮肤上涂抹和摩擦产品,并且为了模拟这种可变性,一些测试是在两种不同的搅拌器速度下进行的。
Sita
Foam测试仪R-2000程序
Sita Foam(Sita Foam测试仪R-2000)用于测量在指定的稀释和剪切速率下产生的泡沫。其利用高速转子将产品与稀释水混合,并产生泡沫体积。转子产生漩涡,其中包含空气;取决于配方的能力,以不同的速率起泡。
针对Sita Foam操作,测量参数位于“设备”下拉菜单中的应用程序中。有关这些测量过程中使用的参数,请参见下表。
热交换器应与Sita Foam的玻璃容器连接以确保整个测试过程中温度一致。将热交换器设置为38摄氏度,等待15分钟以让温度达到38℃。热交换器中37℃和39℃的温度波动是可以接受的。
将1g、2.5g、5g或10g产品分配到Sita Foam玻璃容器中,确保产品不会落在容器的侧面或转子上,这会导致读数不准确。然后向Sita Foam背面的储水箱中加水。将水温调整到37℃和39℃。该水将用于稀释产品并产生泡沫。
在Sita Foam上开始运行。Sita Foam将自动稀释产品,然后混合15秒。运行进行四次分开的混合,在每次读数之间进行测量。在所需的每个稀释度下,每个独特的样品应至少读取三个读数。
由于对可靠评估的误差敏感性,不考虑读数低于300mL的泡沫生成。如果2.5g和5g的标准差太高而无法区分差异,请将产品剂量增加到10g,或将参数更改为使用1g产品的高剪切测试中所见参数。
实施例
表1:甲基酰基牛磺酸盐-酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂系统-组合物
化学品 | 最小值(活性%) | 最大值(活性%) |
去离子水 | Q.S. | Q.S. |
羟丙基淀粉磷酸钠 | 4.5 | 4.5 |
月桂酰羟乙基磺酸钠 | 0 | 6 |
甲基月桂酰基牛磺酸钠 | 0 | 6 |
硬脂酸 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
丁基化的羟基甲苯 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
氢化大豆油 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
野大豆(大豆)油 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
月桂酸 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱 | 6.00 | 6.00 |
瓜尔羟丙基氯化铵 | 0.36 | 0.36 |
甘油 | 0.88 | 0.88 |
EDTA四钠 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
柠檬酸 | 0.10 | 0.59 |
氢氧化钠 | 0.36 | 0.49 |
苯氧乙醇 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯 | 0.007 | 0.007 |
芳香剂 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
该表显示,当甲基酰基牛磺酸盐与酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的比率是1:1时,获得了泡沫体积的协同改善。100%羟乙基磺酸盐和100%牛磺酸盐的实施例两者均表现出不稳定性(配方分离,不均匀),因此未包括在分析中。
T
表2:甲基酰基牛磺酸盐-酰基羟乙基磺酸盐-酰基甘氨酸盐表面活性剂系统-组合物
化学品 | 最小值(活性%) | 最大值(活性%) |
去离子水 | Q.S. | Q.S. |
羟丙基淀粉磷酸钠 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
椰油酰羟乙磺酸钠 | 0.00 | 6.00 |
甲基月桂酰基牛磺酸钠 | 0.00 | 6.00 |
椰油酰甘氨酸钠 | 2.60 | 2.60 |
硬脂酸 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
丁基化的羟基甲苯 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
氢化大豆油 | 1.80 | 1.80 |
向日葵(太阳花)籽油 | 1.20 | 1.20 |
Pemulen TR1 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
月桂酸 | 2.77 | 2.77 |
椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱 | 3.30 | 3.30 |
瓜尔羟丙基氯化铵 | 0.36 | 0.36 |
甘油 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
EDTA四钠 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
柠檬酸 | 0.05 | 0.11 |
氢氧化钠 | 0.15 | 0.18 |
苯氧乙醇 | 0.60 | 0.60 |
碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯 | 0.007 | 0.007 |
芳香剂 | 1.20 | 1.20 |
酰基甲基牛磺酸盐和酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的协同表现也出现在包含阴离子表面活性剂酰基甘氨酸盐的配方中,甘氨酸盐保持在恒定含量(2.6%)。100%羟乙基磺酸盐和100%牛磺酸盐的实施例两者均表现出不稳定性(配方分离,不均匀),因此未包括在分析中。
Claims (7)
1.一种液体层状组合物,其包含:
1)0.1至10重量%,优选地0.5至8重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐;
2)0.1重量%至10重量%,优选地0.5至8重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的甲基酰基牛磺酸盐,其包含月桂酰基甲基牛磺酸盐、椰油酰基甲基牛磺酸盐或其混合物;
3)0.1至20重量%,优选地1至10重量%,更优选地2至5重量%的结构剂,其包含辛酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸或其混合物;
4)0.0至15重量%,优选地0.1至10重量%和更优选地0.5至8重量%的两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂;其中所述两性表面活性剂存在并包含椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱,和
5)0.0至8.0重量%,优选地0.001至7重量%,更优选地1至6重量%的非离子表面活性剂,
条件是所有表面活性剂的总和小于20重量%,并且所述组合物不同时包含0.01重量%或更多的非离子表面活性剂和0.1重量%或更多的两性表面活性剂和/或两性离子表面活性剂,并且不同时包含0.0重量%的两性和/或两性离子表面活性剂和0.0重量%的非离子表面活性剂,
其中甲基酰基牛磺酸盐与酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂的比率是1.25:1至1:1.25,和优选地1.1:1至1:1.1,和最优选地1:1,所述组合物具有0至15重量%,优选地0.02至10重量%的甘油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中两性、两性离子和/或非离子与阴离子的比率是1:10至4:1,优选地1:8至3:1,和最优选地1:5至2:1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其中所述组合物的pH是5.0至7.4,优选地6.0至7.3,并且进一步地,其中所述组合物基本上不含非离子表面活性剂。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的组合物,其中两性、两性离子和/或非离子与阴离子的比率是1:10至4:1,优选地1:8至3:1,和更优选地1:5至2:1,和最优选地1:1。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的组合物,其中存在非离子表面活性剂。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的组合物,其中所述非离子表面活性剂是椰油酰胺丙基氧化胺。
7.根据权利要求1-6所述的组合物在洗涤时增强起泡的用途。
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