CN113809807A - Battery protection chip, battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Battery protection chip, battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113809807A
CN113809807A CN202111228688.5A CN202111228688A CN113809807A CN 113809807 A CN113809807 A CN 113809807A CN 202111228688 A CN202111228688 A CN 202111228688A CN 113809807 A CN113809807 A CN 113809807A
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China
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pin
charging
discharging
state detection
overcurrent
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CN202111228688.5A
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CN113809807B (en
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王伟
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Shanghai Xianzhilu Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Xianzhilu Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses battery protection chip, overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment, the chip includes: the first pin state detection module judges the charge-discharge state according to the electric signal at the first pin and outputs a first state detection signal; the second pin state detection module judges the charge-discharge state according to the electric signal at the second pin and outputs a second state detection signal, and the first pin and the second pin are used for being connected to a charge-discharge circuit of the battery to obtain the electric signals at different nodes on the charge-discharge circuit; the detection path selection module is connected to the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module, selects one state detection signal as a current state detection signal, and carries out overcurrent detection on a pin corresponding to the state detection signal; and the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting the electric signal of the first pin or the second pin connected to the detection path selection module and carrying out overcurrent judgment. The battery protection chip can provide a safer and more reliable overcurrent protection function.

Description

Battery protection chip, battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, in particular to a battery protection chip, a battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment.
Background
In a battery application environment, bidirectional current detection needs to be performed on charging and discharging of a battery to prevent damage to the battery. When the battery is discharged, the internal heat of the battery is generated due to excessive current or short circuit, thermal damage is generated, permanent damage is caused to the battery, and the service life of the battery is shortened. Similarly, during the charging process of the battery, the service life of the battery is reduced due to the excessive charging current. Therefore, the battery management chip must perform charge and discharge overcurrent protection on the battery.
The common protection method is to detect the current through a single Current Sense (CS) pin and a precision sampling resistor, or detect the current through a single Voltage Monitor (VM) pin and a transistor (MOSFET) on-resistance in the circuit, so as to achieve effective protection of the battery. In the two methods, when the CS pin or the VM pin of the battery protection chip is abnormal, such as short circuit or impedance change, overcurrent protection cannot be triggered because actual charging and discharging current cannot be detected.
How to improve the reliability of over-current detection is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery protection chip, a battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment, which aim to improve the reliability of overcurrent detection in the charging and discharging process.
The invention provides a battery protection chip, comprising: the first pin state detection module is connected to the first pin, judges the charge-discharge state of the battery according to the electric signal at the first pin, and outputs a first state detection signal; the second pin state detection module is connected to the second pin, judges the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the electric signal at the second pin, and outputs a second state detection signal, wherein the first pin and the second pin are used for being connected to a charge and discharge circuit of the battery using the battery protection chip so as to obtain the electric signals at different nodes on the charge and discharge circuit; the detection path selection module is connected to the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module and is used for selecting one state detection signal as a current state detection signal according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and by combining a preset selection rule; the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting an electric signal of the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, performing overcurrent judgment on the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, and outputting an overcurrent detection signal when overcurrent is judged so as to realize overcurrent protection on the battery; and the corresponding pins are connected to the over-current detection module through the detection path selection module.
Optionally, the method further includes: the overcurrent detection module comprises a charging overcurrent detection unit and/or a discharging overcurrent detection unit, the charging overcurrent detection unit is used for performing charging overcurrent detection in a charging state, and the discharging overcurrent detection unit is used for performing discharging overcurrent detection in a discharging state.
Optionally, the detection path selecting module is configured to connect the corresponding pin to the charging overcurrent detection unit when the current state detection signal corresponds to the charging state; and when the current state detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, connecting the corresponding pin to the discharge overcurrent detection unit.
Optionally, the charging overcurrent detection unit is configured to output a charging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a charging overcurrent detection threshold and exceeds a charging overcurrent detection delay time; the discharging overcurrent detection unit is used for outputting a discharging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a discharging overcurrent detection threshold and exceeds discharging overcurrent detection delay time.
Optionally, the charging and discharging circuit includes a sampling resistor, a charging MOS transistor and a discharging MOS transistor connected in series; the first pin is used for being connected to one end of a sampling resistor on a charging and discharging line, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the reference ground of the chip; the second pin is used for being connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube on the charging and discharging path.
Optionally, the method further includes: and the charging and discharging switch control module is connected to the overcurrent detection module and controls the output of the charging and discharging MOS drive pin when the overcurrent detection module outputs a detection signal corresponding to overcurrent.
Optionally, the charging and discharging control MOS driving pin is connected to the charging MOS transistor and the discharging MOS transistor, and is configured to control the charging MOS transistor to be turned off when charging is over-current, and control the discharging MOS transistor to be turned off when discharging is over-current.
Optionally, the preset rule includes: the first pin and the second pin have different priorities; when each state detection module detects the same charge-discharge state, selecting a state detection signal corresponding to the pin with the highest priority as a current state detection signal; or when only one of the state detection modules detects the charge-discharge state, the state detection signal corresponding to the state detection module is used as the current state detection signal.
Optionally, the set target in the preset rule includes: and at least one of a charging and discharging state detection mode through the first pin and the second pin, priorities of the first pin and the second pin, and a charging and discharging overcurrent detection mode corresponding to a charging and discharging state detection result of the first pin and the second pin.
Optionally, one of the methods for implementing the first pin status detection module and the second pin status detection module is to include a status detection circuit with a configurable operation mode, where the status detection circuit may be configured in a charging status detection mode or a discharging status detection mode; the first state detection module and the second state detection module start and configure a working mode of the other state detection module according to the first state detection signal acquired by the first state detection module so as to acquire the second state detection signal.
Optionally, one of the implementation methods of the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module is to include a charging state detection unit and/or a discharging state detection unit, which detect charging and discharging states independently and output corresponding state detection signals.
The application also provides a battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method, which comprises the following steps: detecting electric signals at two different nodes on a battery charging and discharging line, and respectively detecting charging and discharging states according to the electric signals at the different nodes to obtain a first detection signal and a second detection signal; selecting one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal corresponding to the current charge-discharge state according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and by combining a preset selection rule; and performing over-current detection on the electric signal at the node corresponding to the current state detection signal, and judging whether the current charging and discharging state is over-current.
Optionally, the charging and discharging circuit includes a sampling resistor, a charging MOS transistor and a discharging MOS transistor connected in series in sequence; the two different nodes are respectively a detection node connected with one end of the sampling resistor, which is adjacent to the discharging MOS tube or the charging MOS tube, and a detection node on a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
Optionally, the method further includes: and when the overcurrent is detected, the charging and discharging line is disconnected.
Optionally, when charging overcurrent is detected, a charging line in the charging and discharging line is disconnected; and when the discharging overcurrent is detected, a discharging line in the charging and discharging lines is disconnected.
The present application further provides an electronic device, comprising: a battery protection chip according to any one of the above; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are respectively connected to the interface positive end and the interface negative end of the charge and discharge circuit through the charge and discharge circuit; and the first pin and the second pin of the battery protection chip are respectively connected to the charging and discharging line and used for acquiring electric signals at different nodes on the charging and discharging line.
Optionally, the method further includes: a sampling resistor, a discharge MOS tube and a charge MOS tube are sequentially connected in series on a connection line between the battery cathode and the interface negative terminal; the first pin is connected to one end of the sampling resistor, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the reference ground of the battery protection chip; the second pin is connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
Optionally, when the battery protection chip comprises a charge-discharge switch control module, the charge-discharge switch control module is respectively connected to the gates of the discharge MOS transistor and the charge MOS transistor through a charge MOS drive pin and a discharge MOS drive pin
The invention provides a novel battery protection chip adopting a dynamic double-sampling current detection technology, which is used for dynamically detecting current by judging the real-time state of two pins on the chip and realizing accurate and reliable detection of charging and discharging overcurrent by cross validation of the detection results of the state of the two pins. When one of the first pin or the second pin is abnormal (no matter short circuit or impedance change), the over-current detection can be still realized through the state detection of the other pin, and the safety and the reliability of the system can be effectively improved. Furthermore, through the cross verification of the state detection of the two pins, the self-checking function of the pin state of the chip can be realized, and the robustness of the system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a battery charging/discharging overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. The following embodiments and their technical features may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is more clearly and completely described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection chip and an application structure thereof according to an embodiment of the invention.
In this embodiment, the battery protection chip 100 includes: the device comprises a first pin state detection module 101, a second pin state detection module 102, a detection path selection module 103 and an over-current detection module 104. The battery may include a single operating cell, or may be a battery pack having a plurality of cells connected in series.
The first pin state detection module 101 is connected to the first pin CS, and configured to determine a charge/discharge state of the battery according to an electrical signal at the first pin CS, and output a first state detection signal.
The second pin state detection module 102 is connected to the second pin VM, determines a charge/discharge state of the battery according to an electrical signal at the second pin VM, and outputs a second state detection signal, where the first pin CS and the second pin VM are used to be connected to a charge/discharge line of the battery BT, so as to obtain electrical signals at different nodes on the charge/discharge line.
The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery BT are respectively connected to the interface positive end PCK + and the interface negative end PCK-of the charging and discharging circuit, and the interface positive end PCK + and the interface negative end PCK-are respectively used for being connected to the load or the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the charging power supply 200. The battery BT is normally in a discharged state when the interface plus terminal PCK + and the interface minus terminal PCK-are respectively used for connection to a load, and in a charged state when connected to a charging power supply.
The charging and discharging circuit comprises a sampling resistor R, a discharging MOS tube M1 and a charging MOS tube M2 which are connected in series. In this embodiment, the sampling resistor R, the discharging MOS transistor M1 and the charging MOS transistor M2 are connected in series between the negative electrode of the battery BT and the interface negative terminal PCK-of the charging and discharging circuit, specifically, the negative electrode of the battery BT is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R, the other end of the sampling circuit R is connected to the source electrode of the discharging MOS transistor M1, the drain electrode of the discharging MOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain electrode of the charging MOS transistor M2, and the source electrode of the charging MOS transistor M2 is connected to the interface negative terminal PCK-.
In this embodiment, the first pin CS is used for connecting a sampling resistor R on the charging and discharging line to one end of the discharging MOS transistor M1, and the other end of the sampling resistor R is connected to a reference ground of the chip and is used for acquiring a sampling current signal; the second pin VM is used for being connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS transistor M1 and the charging MOS transistor M2 on the charging and discharging line, and is used for detecting a current signal of a path.
The battery protection chip 100 may further include a discharging MOS driving pin DDR and a charging MOS driving pin CDR besides the first pin CS and the second pin VM, where the discharging MOS driving pin DDR is used to be connected to the gate of the discharging MOS transistor M1, and the charging MOS driving pin CDR is used to be connected to the gate of the charging MOS transistor M2, and is used to respectively control on/off states of the discharging MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor.
The first pin status detection module 101 is connected to the first pin CS, and configured to determine that the battery is in a charging or discharging state according to a magnitude of a current flowing through the sampling resistor R (corresponding to a voltage signal at the first pin CS), and output a first status detection signal.
The second pin status detecting module 102 is connected to the second pin VM, and configured to determine that the battery BT is in a charging or discharging state according to the voltage of the drain of the discharging MOS transistor M1 and the drain of the charging MOS transistor M2, and output a second status detecting signal.
And the detection path selection module 103 is connected to the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102, and is configured to select one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and by combining a preset rule, and connect the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal to the over-current detection module 104 to perform corresponding over-current detection. And taking the charge-discharge state corresponding to the current state detection signal as the current state of the battery, and further carrying out charge-discharge overcurrent detection in the corresponding state.
The preset rules include: the first pin CS and the second pin VM have different priorities; when each state detection module detects the same charge-discharge state, selecting a state detection signal corresponding to the pin with the highest priority as a current state detection signal; or when only one of the state detection modules detects the charge and discharge state, the state detection signal corresponding to the state detection module is used as the current state detection signal.
In some embodiments, the priority of the first pin CS is set to be greater than the priority of the second pin VM. Taking discharge over-current detection as an example: when the first pin CS or the second pin VM detects a discharge state, selecting state detection of a first pin CM pin as a current state detection signal; when the first pin CS detects a discharge state and the second pin VM does not detect the discharge state, selecting the state detection of the first pin CS as a current state detection signal; and when the second pin VM detects the discharge state and the first pin CS does not detect the discharge state, selecting the state detection of the second pin VM as a current state detection signal. In other embodiments, different preset rules may be set according to actual requirements to select the current state detection signal.
In other embodiments, the set target in the preset rule at least comprises: and at least one of a charging and discharging state detection mode through the first pin CS and the second pin VM, priorities of the first pin CS and the second pin VM, and a charging and discharging overcurrent detection mode corresponding to a charging and discharging state detection result of the first pin CS and the second pin VM. The reasonable preset rules can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual requirements, and are not limited herein.
After the detection path selection module 103 selects the current state detection signal according to the preset rule, the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal is connected to the over-current detection module 104, and the over-current detection module 104 performs over-current detection according to the electrical signal of the corresponding pin.
Specifically, the over-current detection module 104 is configured to detect an electrical signal of a pin connected to the over-current detection module, perform over-current judgment corresponding to a current state of the battery, and output an over-current detection signal.
Generally, the overcurrent determination conditions corresponding to the discharge state and the charge state are different, and therefore, the overcurrent detection module 104 includes a charge overcurrent detection unit and a discharge overcurrent detection unit, and preferably, the charge overcurrent detection unit and the discharge overcurrent detection unit are independent; the charging overcurrent detection unit is used for carrying out overcurrent detection in a charging state, and the discharging overcurrent detection unit is used for carrying out overcurrent detection in a discharging state. The detection path selection module 103 is configured to connect the corresponding pin to the charging overcurrent detection unit when the current state detection signal corresponds to the charging state; and when the current state detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, connecting the corresponding pin to the discharge overcurrent detection unit.
The charging overcurrent detection unit is used for outputting a charging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a charging overcurrent detection threshold and exceeds charging overcurrent detection delay time; the discharging overcurrent detection unit is used for outputting a discharging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a discharging overcurrent detection threshold and exceeds discharging overcurrent detection delay time.
The battery protection chip 100 further includes a charge/discharge switch control module 105 connected to the over-current detection module 104, and performs over-current control to control the open circuit of the charge/discharge line when the over-current detection module 104 outputs a detection signal corresponding to the over-current. The charging and discharging switch control module 105 is connected to the gates of the charging MOS transistor M2 and the discharging MOS transistor M1 through the charging/discharging MOS driving pins CDR and DDR, and is configured to control the charging MOS transistor M2 to be turned off (open circuit) when charging overcurrent occurs and control the discharging MOS transistor M1 to be turned off (open circuit) when discharging overcurrent occurs.
The line connections between the modules in the corresponding figures in this embodiment and the following embodiments are only a simple schematic diagram, and are used to represent the signal transmission relationships between the modules, the connections of a single line may correspond to one or more connection wires in an actual circuit, and a person skilled in the art may reasonably set the connection relationships based on the detailed description in the embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging/discharging battery protection chip according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the first pin status detecting module 101 and the second pin status detecting module 102 may support the charging status detection and the discharging status detection at the same time, and directly output the detection signal corresponding to the charging or discharging.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first pin state detection module 101 includes a first pin charging state detection unit 1011 and a first pin discharging state detection unit 1012, and can simultaneously detect the charging state and the discharging state according to the electrical signal of the first pin CS, and directly output a detection signal of a corresponding state to the detection path selection module 104; the second pin status detecting module 102 includes a second pin charging status detecting unit 1021 and a second pin discharging status detecting unit 1022, and can simultaneously detect the charging status and the discharging status according to the electrical signal of the second pin VM, and directly output a detection signal of a corresponding status to the detection path selecting module 104.
In other embodiments, the first pin status detection module 101 and the second pin status detection module 102 support detection of only one of the charging or discharging states: when the charging state detection is supported, the output detection signal corresponds to a charging state and a non-charging state; when discharge state detection is supported, the output detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, a non-discharge state.
Please refer to fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to another embodiment of the present application.
In this embodiment, the first pin status detection module 101 and the second pin status detection module 102 each include a status detection circuit with a configurable operation mode, and the status detection circuit can be configured to be in a charging status detection mode or a discharging status detection mode, so that the first pin status detection module 101 and the second pin status detection module 102 are used for charging or discharging status detection. By the configurable state detection circuit, the detection of the charging state and the discharging state can be realized by only one circuit unit, so that the circuit area can be reduced.
Correspondingly, the detection path selection module 103 is further configured to configure the working modes of the first pin status detection module 101 and the second pin status detection module 102, and start and configure the working state of the other status detection module according to the status detection signal output by one status detection module, for example, the first pin status detection module 101, to obtain the other status detection signal, so as to perform cross validation on the detection result.
Specifically, the detection path selection module 103 includes a configuration unit 1031 and a path selection unit 1032; the configuration unit 1031 is connected to the first pin status detecting module 101 and the second pin status detecting module 102. In the status detection process, the configuration unit 1031 is configured to configure the detection modes of the first pin status detection module 101 and the second pin status detection module 102. For example, the state detection circuit of the first pin state detection module 101 is configured to be in a discharging state detection mode, and when the state detection signal output by the first pin state detection module 101 corresponds to a discharging state, the configuration unit 1031 configures the second pin state detection module 102 to be also in the discharging state detection mode to detect whether the discharging state is present; alternatively, the second pin status detecting module 102 may be configured to be in a charging status detecting mode, and detect whether the pin is in a charging status; if the second pin status detecting module 102 detects that the pin is in the discharging state or the non-charging state, it indicates that the detection result of the first pin status detecting module 101 is correct. The configuration of the state detection modes of the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102 can be set according to actual requirements.
In the embodiments shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, two implementation manners of the first pin status detection module 101 and the second pin status detection module 102 are exemplified, and a person skilled in the art may select any one of the implementation manners, and may also adopt other implementation manners capable of implementing status detection, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application, and are not limited herein.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to another embodiment of the invention.
In this embodiment, the battery protection chip 100 further includes: and a load open circuit detection module 106 connected to the second pin VM and the detection path selection module 103. And a load open circuit detection module 106 for detecting the connection state between the load/charging power supply 200 and the charging/discharging line.
The load open circuit detection module 106 is connected to the charge and discharge switch control circuit 105, and in a discharge overcurrent state, the load open circuit detection module 106 is configured to detect a connection state between the charge and discharge line and the load/charge power supply 200, and after detecting that the load is disconnected, send a load open circuit signal to the charge and discharge switch control circuit 105, and the charge and discharge switch control circuit 105 controls the discharge line to be turned on, that is, controls the discharge transistor M1 to be turned on.
The battery protection chip of the embodiment detects the charge-discharge state of the battery through the two pins of the battery protection chip, and realizes the high-reliability detection function of dynamic and bidirectional current. The over-current detection with high reliability and high safety is realized by mutually verifying the state detection of the two pins and selecting the corresponding over-current detection path by the path selection module according to the state detection result. When the state detection module of any pin is abnormal, the current abnormality can be correctly detected through cross validation, so that the battery is reliably protected.
Furthermore, through cross validation, self-checking of the pin state of the chip can be realized, abnormal pins can be found in time, and the reliability of the chip and the robustness of an application system are improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
The overcurrent protection method comprises the following steps:
and step S1, detecting the electric signals at two different nodes on the battery charging and discharging circuit, and respectively detecting the charging and discharging states according to the electric signals at the different nodes to obtain a first detection signal and a second detection signal.
The charging and discharging circuit comprises a sampling resistor, a charging MOS tube and a discharging MOS tube which are sequentially connected in series; the two different nodes are respectively a detection node connected with one end of the sampling resistor, which is adjacent to the discharging MOS tube or the charging MOS tube, and a detection node on a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
Step S2, selecting one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal corresponding to the current charging state or discharging state according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and combining a preset selection rule;
and step S3, performing over-current detection on the electric signal at the node corresponding to the current state detection signal, and judging whether the current charging and discharging state is over-current.
And step S4, when the overcurrent is detected, disconnecting the charging and discharging circuit, and performing overcurrent control to protect the battery. The method specifically comprises the following steps: when charging overcurrent is detected, a charging line in the charging and discharging line is disconnected; and when the discharging overcurrent is detected, a discharging line in the charging and discharging lines is disconnected.
In other embodiments, detecting a connection state of the load; and under the overcurrent control state, when the disconnection of the load and the charge and discharge line is detected, the conduction of the discharge line is recovered.
The present application further provides an electronic device, please refer to fig. 1, including the battery protection chip 100 and the battery BT according to any of the embodiments described above, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery BT are respectively connected to the charging and discharging interface positive terminal PCK + and the interface negative terminal PCK-; the first pin CS and the second pin VM of the battery protection chip 100 are respectively connected to the charge and discharge line, and are configured to obtain electrical signals at different nodes on the charge and discharge line.
A sampling resistor R, a discharge MOS tube M1 and a charge MOS tube M2 are sequentially connected in series on a connection line between the battery cathode and the interface negative terminal PCK-; the first pin CS is connected to one end of a sampling resistor R, and the other end of the sampling resistor R is connected to the chip reference ground; the second pin VM is connected to a circuit path between the discharge MOS transistor M1 and the charge MOS transistor M2.
When the battery protection chip 100 includes the charge and discharge switch control module 105, the charge and discharge switch control module 105 is connected to the gates of the discharge MOS transistor M1 and the charge MOS transistor M2 through the charge MOS drive pin CDR and the discharge MOS drive pin DDR, respectively.
The battery protection chip of the electronic equipment can accurately and reliably detect the charging and discharging state of the battery, so that accurate charging and discharging overcurrent protection is realized, and the reliability of the equipment is improved.
The above embodiments are merely examples of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow transformations made by the present specification and drawings, such as mutual combination of technical features between various embodiments, or direct or indirect application to other related technical fields, are all included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. A battery protection chip, comprising:
the first pin state detection module is connected to the first pin, judges the charge-discharge state of the battery according to the electric signal at the first pin, and outputs a first state detection signal;
the second pin state detection module is connected to the second pin, judges the charge-discharge state of the battery according to the electric signal at the second pin, and outputs a second state detection signal;
the first pin and the second pin are used for being connected to a charging and discharging line of a battery using the battery protection chip so as to obtain electric signals at different nodes on the charging and discharging line;
the detection path selection module is connected to the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module and is used for selecting one state detection signal as a current state detection signal according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and by combining a preset rule;
the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting an electric signal of the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, performing overcurrent judgment on the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, and outputting an overcurrent detection signal when overcurrent is judged so as to realize overcurrent protection on the battery; and the corresponding pins are connected to the over-current detection module through the detection path selection module.
2. The battery protection chip of claim 1, further comprising: the overcurrent detection module comprises a charging overcurrent detection unit and/or a discharging overcurrent detection unit; the charging overcurrent detection unit is used for detecting charging overcurrent in a charging state, and outputting a charging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the corresponding pin exceeds a charging overcurrent detection threshold value and the duration time exceeds charging overcurrent detection delay time; the discharge overcurrent detection unit is used for performing discharge overcurrent detection in a discharge state, and outputting a discharge overcurrent signal when the voltage of the corresponding pin exceeds a discharge overcurrent detection threshold value and the duration time exceeds discharge overcurrent detection delay time.
3. The battery protection chip according to claim 1, wherein the detection path selection module is configured to connect a corresponding pin to the charging overcurrent detection unit when the current state detection signal corresponds to a charging state; and/or when the current state detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, connecting the corresponding pin to the discharge overcurrent detection unit.
4. The battery protection chip according to claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge circuit comprises a sampling resistor, a charge MOS transistor and a discharge MOS transistor connected in series; the first pin is used for being connected to one end of a sampling resistor on a charging and discharging line, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the reference ground of the chip; the second pin is used for being connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube on the charging and discharging path.
5. The battery protection chip of claim 4, further comprising: the charging and discharging switch control module is connected to the overcurrent detection module, the charging MOS drive pin and the discharging MOS drive pin, and controls the charging MOS drive pin and/or the discharging MOS drive pin to output an overcurrent control signal when the overcurrent detection module outputs a corresponding overcurrent detection signal; the charging MOS driving pin is used for being connected to a charging MOS tube grid of the charging and discharging circuit and controlling the charging MOS tube to be closed when charging overcurrent occurs; and/or the discharge MOS drive pin is used for being connected to a discharge MOS tube grid of the charge-discharge line and controlling the discharge MOS tube to be closed when discharge overcurrent occurs.
6. The battery protection chip of claim 1, wherein the preset rules comprise: the first pin and the second pin have different priorities; when each state detection module detects the same charge-discharge state, selecting a state detection signal corresponding to the pin with the highest priority as a current state detection signal; or when only one of the state detection modules detects the charge-discharge state, the state detection signal corresponding to the state detection module is used as the current state detection signal.
7. The battery protection chip of claim 1, wherein the set target in the preset rule comprises: and at least one of a charging and discharging state detection mode through the first pin and the second pin, priorities of the first pin and the second pin, and a charging and discharging overcurrent detection mode corresponding to a charging and discharging state detection result of the first pin and the second pin.
8. The battery protection chip of claim 1, wherein the first pin status detection module and the second pin status detection module each comprise a status detection circuit with configurable operation mode, the status detection circuit being configurable in a charging status detection mode or a discharging status detection mode; the detection path selection module is further configured to configure a working mode of the first pin state detection module and/or the second pin state detection module, and start and configure a working mode of another state detection module according to one state detection signal acquired by one state detection module to acquire another state detection signal; or, the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module both include a charging state detection unit and a discharging state detection unit, and can detect charging and discharging states independently and output corresponding state detection signals.
9. A battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting electric signals at two different nodes on a battery charging and discharging circuit, and respectively detecting charging and discharging states according to the electric signals at the different nodes to obtain a first detection signal and a second detection signal;
selecting one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal corresponding to the current charge-discharge state according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and by combining a preset selection rule;
performing over-current detection on the electric signal at a node corresponding to the current state detection signal, and judging whether the current charging and discharging state is over-current or not;
when charging overcurrent is detected, a charging line in the charging and discharging line is disconnected; and when the discharging overcurrent is detected, a discharging line in the charging and discharging lines is disconnected.
10. The battery charging and discharging overcurrent protection method according to claim 9, wherein the charging and discharging circuit includes a sampling resistor, a charging MOS transistor and a discharging MOS transistor connected in series in sequence; the two different nodes are respectively a detection node connected with one end of the sampling resistor, which is adjacent to the discharging MOS tube or the charging MOS tube, and a detection node on a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
11. An electronic device, comprising:
the battery protection chip according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
the charging and discharging circuit comprises a battery and a charging and discharging circuit, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of an interface of the charging and discharging circuit through the charging and discharging circuit, and a sampling resistor, a discharging MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube and a charging MOS tube are sequentially connected in series on a connecting line of the negative electrode of the battery and the negative end of the interface;
a first pin of the battery protection chip is connected to one end, close to the discharge MOS, of the sampling resistor, and a reference ground of the battery protection chip is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor; and the second pin of the battery protection chip is connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
CN202111228688.5A 2021-10-21 2021-10-21 Battery protection chip, battery charge and discharge overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment Active CN113809807B (en)

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JPH11178207A (en) * 1997-12-12 1999-07-02 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd Battery protecting circuit and charger/discharger provided with this circuit
JP2005168159A (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-23 Ricoh Co Ltd Overcurrent protection circuit and charging type battery pack
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