CN113809807B - Battery protection chip, battery charge and discharge overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Battery protection chip, battery charge and discharge overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113809807B
CN113809807B CN202111228688.5A CN202111228688A CN113809807B CN 113809807 B CN113809807 B CN 113809807B CN 202111228688 A CN202111228688 A CN 202111228688A CN 113809807 B CN113809807 B CN 113809807B
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pin
state detection
discharge
charging
overcurrent
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CN113809807A (en
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王伟
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Shanghai Xianzhilu Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Xianzhilu Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses battery protection chip, overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment, the chip includes: the first pin state detection module judges the charge and discharge state according to the electric signal at the first pin and outputs a first state detection signal; the second pin state detection module is used for judging the charge and discharge state according to the electric signals at the second pin and outputting second state detection signals, and the first pin and the second pin are used for being connected to charge and discharge lines of the battery to acquire the electric signals at different nodes on the charge and discharge lines; the detection path selection module is connected to the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module, selects one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal, and performs overcurrent detection on a pin corresponding to the state detection signal; and the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting the electric signal connected to the first pin or the second pin of the detection path selection module and carrying out overcurrent judgment. The battery protection chip can provide a safer and more reliable overcurrent protection function.

Description

Battery protection chip, battery charge and discharge overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, in particular to a battery protection chip, a battery charge-discharge overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment.
Background
In the battery application environment, bidirectional current detection is required for charging and discharging of the battery to prevent battery damage. When the battery is discharged, the excessive current or short circuit can cause the internal heating of the battery to form thermal damage, thereby causing permanent damage to the battery and reducing the service life of the battery. Similarly, excessive charging current during battery charging can also lead to reduced battery life. Therefore, the battery management chip must perform charge/discharge overcurrent protection on the battery.
Common protection methods are to use a precision sampling resistor to detect current through a single pin (CS) or to use a transistor (MOSFET) on-resistance in a circuit to detect current through a single pin (VM) to achieve effective protection of a battery. In the two methods, when the CS pin or the VM pin of the battery protection chip is abnormal, such as short circuit or impedance change, the over-current protection cannot be triggered because the actual charge and discharge current cannot be detected.
How to improve the reliability of the overcurrent detection is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery protection chip, a battery charge and discharge overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment, so as to improve the reliability of overcurrent detection in the charge and discharge process.
The invention provides a battery protection chip, comprising: the first pin state detection module is connected to the first pin, judges the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the electric signal at the first pin, and outputs a first state detection signal; the second pin state detection module is connected to a second pin, judges the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the electric signals at the second pin, and outputs a second state detection signal, wherein the first pin and the second pin are used for being connected to charge and discharge circuits of the battery using the battery protection chip so as to acquire the electric signals at different nodes on the charge and discharge circuits; the detection path selection module is connected to the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module and is used for selecting one state detection signal as a current state detection signal according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and combining with a preset selection rule; the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting the electric signal of the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, judging the overcurrent of the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, and outputting the overcurrent detection signal when judging the overcurrent so as to realize the protection of the battery overcurrent; the corresponding pins are connected to the overcurrent detection module through the detection path selection module.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the over-current detection module comprises a charging over-current detection unit and/or a discharging over-current detection unit, wherein the charging over-current detection unit is used for detecting charging over-current in a charging state, and the discharging over-current detection unit is used for detecting discharging over-current in a discharging state.
Optionally, the detection path selection module is configured to connect, when the current state detection signal corresponds to a charging state, a corresponding pin to the charging overcurrent detection unit; when the current state detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, the corresponding pin is connected to the discharge overcurrent detection unit.
Optionally, the charging overcurrent detection unit is configured to output a charging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a charging overcurrent detection threshold and exceeds a charging overcurrent detection delay time; the discharge overcurrent detection unit is used for outputting a discharge overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a discharge overcurrent detection threshold value and exceeds a discharge overcurrent detection delay time.
Optionally, the charge-discharge line comprises a sampling resistor, a charge MOS tube and a discharge MOS tube which are connected in series; the first pin is used for being connected to one end of a sampling resistor on the charging and discharging circuit, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the reference ground of the chip; the second pin is used for being connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube on the charging and discharging path.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the charge-discharge switch control module is connected to the overcurrent detection module and is used for controlling the output of the charge-discharge MOS drive pin when the overcurrent detection module outputs a detection signal corresponding to overcurrent.
Optionally, the control charge-discharge MOS drive pin is connected to the charge MOS tube and the gate of the discharge MOS tube, and is used for controlling the charge MOS tube to be turned off when the charge is over-current, and controlling the discharge MOS tube to be turned off when the discharge is over-current.
Optionally, the preset rule includes: the first pin and the second pin have different priorities; when each state detection module detects the same charge and discharge state, selecting a state detection signal corresponding to a pin with highest priority as a current state detection signal; or when only one state detection module detects the charge and discharge state, the state detection signal corresponding to the state detection module is used as the current state detection signal.
Optionally, the setting targets in the preset rule include: at least one of a mode of detecting the charge and discharge state through the first pin and the second pin, priorities of the first pin and the second pin, and a charge and discharge overcurrent detection mode corresponding to a charge and discharge state detection result of the first pin and the second pin.
Optionally, one of the implementation methods of the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module includes a state detection circuit with a configurable working mode, and the state detection circuit may be configured into a charge state detection mode or a discharge state detection mode; the first state detection module and the second state detection module start and configure the working mode of the other state detection module according to the first state detection signal acquired by the first state detection module so as to acquire a second state detection signal.
Optionally, one of the implementation methods of the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module includes a charging state detection unit and/or a discharging state detection unit, each of which independently detects a charging state and a discharging state, and outputs a corresponding state detection signal.
The application also provides a battery charge-discharge overcurrent protection method, which comprises the following steps: detecting electric signals at two different nodes on a battery charging and discharging line, and respectively detecting charging and discharging states according to the electric signals at the different nodes to obtain a first detection signal and a second detection signal; according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal, and in combination with a preset selection rule, selecting one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal, wherein the current state detection signal corresponds to a current charge and discharge state; and detecting the overcurrent of the electric signal at the node corresponding to the current state detection signal, and judging whether the electric signal is overcurrent in the current charge and discharge state.
Optionally, the charging and discharging circuit comprises a sampling resistor, a charging MOS tube and a discharging MOS tube which are sequentially connected in series; the two different nodes are respectively a detection node connected with one end of the sampling resistor adjacent to the discharging MOS tube or the charging MOS tube, and a detection node on a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and when overcurrent is detected, disconnecting the charging and discharging circuit.
Optionally, when detecting the charging overcurrent, disconnecting a charging circuit in the charging and discharging circuit; and when the discharge overcurrent is detected, disconnecting a discharge circuit in the charge-discharge circuits.
The application also provides an electronic device comprising: the battery protection chip as described in any one of the above; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the interface of the charging and discharging circuit through the charging and discharging circuit; the first pin and the second pin of the battery protection chip are respectively connected to the charge and discharge line and are used for acquiring electric signals at different nodes on the charge and discharge line.
Optionally, the method further comprises: a sampling resistor, a discharging MOS tube and a charging MOS tube are sequentially connected in series on a connecting line of the battery cathode and the interface negative terminal; the first pin is connected to one end of the sampling resistor, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected with the reference ground of the battery protection chip; the second pin is connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
Optionally, when the battery protection chip includes a charge-discharge switch control module, the charge-discharge switch control module is connected to the discharge MOS tube and the gate of the charge MOS tube through a charge MOS driving pin and a discharge MOS driving pin, respectively
The invention provides a novel battery protection chip adopting a dynamic double-sampling current detection technology, which is used for dynamically detecting current by judging the real-time states of two pins on the chip and realizing accurate and reliable detection of charge and discharge overcurrent by cross verification of the detection results of the states of the two pins. When one of the first pin or the second pin is abnormal (no matter short circuit or impedance change), the state detection of the other pin still can realize overcurrent detection, and the safety and reliability of the system can be effectively improved. Furthermore, through the cross verification of the state detection of the two pins, the self-checking function of the state of the pins of the chip can be realized, and the robustness of the system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a battery charge-discharge overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application. The various embodiments described below and their technical features can be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will now be more fully described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection chip and an application structure thereof according to an embodiment of the invention.
In this embodiment, the battery protection chip 100 includes: a first pin status detection module 101, a second pin status detection module 102, a detection path selection module 103, and an over-current detection module 104. The battery may include a single operating battery cell or may be a battery pack having a plurality of battery cells connected in series.
The first pin state detection module 101 is connected to the first pin CS, and is configured to determine a charge and discharge state of the battery according to an electrical signal at the first pin CS, and output a first state detection signal.
The second pin state detection module 102 is connected to the second pin VM, determines the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the electrical signal at the second pin VM, and outputs a second state detection signal, where the first pin CS and the second pin VM are used for being connected to the charge and discharge line of the battery BT to obtain the electrical signals at different nodes on the charge and discharge line.
The positive and negative poles of the battery BT are respectively connected to the positive end PCK+ and the negative end PCK-of the interface of the charging and discharging circuit, and the positive end PCK+ and the negative end PCK-of the interface are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the load or the charging power supply 200. When the interface positive terminal pck+ and the interface negative terminal PCK-, respectively, are used for connection to a load, the battery BT is typically in a discharged state, and when connected to a charging source, the battery is typically in a charged state.
The charge-discharge line comprises a sampling resistor R, a discharge MOS tube M1 and a charge MOS tube M2 which are connected in series. In this embodiment, a sampling resistor R, a discharging MOS tube M1 and a charging MOS tube M2 are connected in series between a negative electrode of a battery BT and an interface negative terminal PCK-of a charging and discharging circuit, specifically, the negative electrode of the battery BT is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R, the other end of the sampling circuit R is connected to a source electrode of the discharging MOS tube M1, a drain electrode of the discharging MOS tube M1 is connected to a drain electrode of the charging MOS tube M2, and a source electrode of the charging MOS tube M2 is connected to the interface negative terminal PCK-.
In this embodiment, the first pin CS is used for connecting to a sampling resistor R on the charging and discharging circuit to connect to one end of the discharging MOS tube M1, and the other end of the sampling resistor R is connected to the reference ground of the chip, so as to obtain a sampling current signal; the second pin VM is connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS transistor M1 and the charging MOS transistor M2 on the charging/discharging line, and is used for detecting a current signal of the path.
The battery protection chip 100 may further include a discharging MOS driving pin DDR and a charging MOS driving pin CDR in addition to the first pin CS and the second pin VM, the discharging MOS driving pin DDR being configured to be connected to the gate of the discharging MOS transistor M1, the charging MOS driving pin CDR being configured to be connected to the gate of the charging MOS transistor M2, and configured to control the on-off states of the discharging MOS transistor and the charging MOS transistor, respectively.
The first pin state detection module 101 is connected to the first pin CS, and is configured to determine that the battery is in a charging or discharging state according to a magnitude of a current flowing through the sampling resistor R (corresponding to a voltage signal at the first pin CS), and output a first state detection signal.
The second pin state detection module 102 is connected to the second pin VM, and is configured to determine that the battery BT is in a charging or discharging state according to the drain voltage of the discharging MOS transistor M1 and the drain voltage of the charging MOS transistor M2, and output a second state detection signal.
The detection path selection module 103 is connected to the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102, and is configured to select one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and in combination with a preset rule, and connect a pin corresponding to the current state signal to the overcurrent detection module 104 to perform corresponding overcurrent detection. And taking the charge and discharge state corresponding to the current state detection signal as the current state of the battery, and further carrying out charge and discharge overcurrent detection of the corresponding state.
The preset rules comprise: the first pin CS and the second pin VM have different priorities; when each state detection module detects the same charge and discharge state, selecting a state detection signal corresponding to a pin with highest priority as a current state detection signal; or when only one state detection module detects the charge and discharge state, the state detection signal corresponding to the state detection module is used as the current state detection signal.
In some embodiments, the priority of the first pin CS is set to be greater than the priority of the second pin VM. Taking discharge overcurrent detection as an example: when the first pin CS or the second pin VM detects a discharge state, selecting the state detection of the pin of the first pin CM as a current state detection signal; when the first pin CS detects a discharge state and the second pin VM does not detect the discharge state, the state detection of the first pin CS is selected as a current state detection signal; when the second pin VM detects the discharge state and the first pin CS does not detect the discharge state, the state detection of the second pin VM pin is selected as the current state detection signal. In other embodiments, different preset rules may be set according to actual requirements to select the current state detection signal.
In other embodiments, the setting target in the preset rule at least includes: at least one of a charge and discharge state detection mode by the first pin CS and the second pin VM, a priority of the first pin CS and the second pin VM, and a charge and discharge overcurrent detection mode corresponding to a charge and discharge state detection result of the first pin CS and the second pin VM. Those skilled in the art can set reasonable preset rules according to actual requirements, and the method is not limited herein.
After the detection path selection module 103 selects the current state detection signal according to the preset rule, a pin corresponding to the current state detection signal is connected to the overcurrent detection module 104, and the overcurrent detection module 104 performs overcurrent detection according to the electric signal of the corresponding pin.
Specifically, the overcurrent detection module 104 is configured to detect an electrical signal of a connected pin, perform an overcurrent judgment corresponding to a current state of the battery, and output an overcurrent detection signal.
Since the overcurrent judgment conditions corresponding to the discharge state and the charge state are different, the overcurrent detection module 104 includes a charge overcurrent detection unit and a discharge overcurrent detection unit, and preferably the charge overcurrent detection unit and the discharge overcurrent detection unit are independent; the charging overcurrent detection unit is used for detecting the overcurrent in a charging state, and the discharging overcurrent detection unit is used for detecting the overcurrent in a discharging state. The detection path selection module 103 is configured to connect, when the current state detection signal corresponds to a charging state, a corresponding pin to the charging overcurrent detection unit; when the current state detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, the corresponding pin is connected to the discharge overcurrent detection unit.
The charging overcurrent detection unit is used for outputting a charging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a charging overcurrent detection threshold value and exceeds a charging overcurrent detection delay time; the discharge overcurrent detection unit is used for outputting a discharge overcurrent signal when the voltage of the pin exceeds a discharge overcurrent detection threshold and exceeds a discharge overcurrent detection delay time.
The battery protection chip 100 further includes a charge/discharge switch control module 105 connected to the overcurrent detection module 104, and performs overcurrent control to control the charge/discharge line to be disconnected when the overcurrent detection module 104 outputs a detection signal corresponding to the overcurrent. The charge/discharge switch control module 105 is connected to the gates of the charge MOS transistor M2 and the discharge MOS transistor M1 through the charge/discharge MOS drive pin CDR and the DDR, and is configured to control the charge MOS transistor M2 to be turned off (open) when the charge is over-current, and to control the discharge MOS transistor M1 to be turned off (open) when the discharge is over-current.
The circuit connection between each module in this embodiment and the following embodiments in the corresponding drawings is only a simple schematic, which is used to represent the signal transmission relationship between the modules, and the connection of a single line may correspond to one or more connection wires in an actual circuit, so that those skilled in the art can reasonably set the connection relationship based on the specific description in the embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charge-discharge battery protection chip according to another embodiment of the invention.
In this embodiment, the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102 may support both charge state detection and discharge state detection, and directly output detection signals corresponding to charge or discharge.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first pin state detection module 101 includes a first pin charging state detection unit 1011 and a first pin discharging state detection unit 1012, and may detect the charging state and the discharging state according to the electrical signal of the first pin CS at the same time, and directly output the detection signals of the corresponding states to the detection path selection module 104; the second pin state detection module 102 includes a second pin charge state detection unit 1021 and a second pin discharge state detection unit 1022, and can detect the charge state and the discharge state according to the electrical signal of the second pin VM at the same time, and directly output the detection signals of the corresponding states to the detection path selection module 104.
In other embodiments, the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102 support detection of only one of the charge or discharge states: when the detection of the charging state is supported, the output detection signal corresponds to the charging state and the non-charging state; when discharge state detection is supported, the output detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, a non-discharge state.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to another embodiment of the present application.
In this embodiment, the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102 each include a state detection circuit whose operation mode is configurable, and the state detection circuit may be configured to be in a charge state detection mode or a discharge state detection mode, so that the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102 are used for performing charge or discharge state detection. By the configurable state detection circuit, detection of the charge state and the discharge state can be achieved by only one circuit unit, so that the circuit area can be reduced.
Correspondingly, the detection path selection module 103 is further configured to configure the working modes of the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102, and start and configure the working state of the other state detection module according to the state detection signal output by one of the state detection modules, for example, the first pin state detection module 101, so as to obtain the other state detection signal, and perform cross-validation on the detection result.
Specifically, the detection path selection module 103 includes a configuration unit 1031 and a path selection unit 1032; the configuration unit 1031 is connected to the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102. In the state detection process, the configuration unit 1031 is configured to configure the detection modes of the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102. For example, the state detection circuit of the first pin state detection module 101 is configured to be in a discharge state detection mode, and when the state detection signal output by the first pin state detection module 101 corresponds to a discharge state, the configuration unit 1031 configures the second pin state detection module 102 to be also in the discharge state detection mode, detecting whether or not it is in the discharge state; alternatively, the second pin state detection module 102 may be further configured to be in a state of charge detection mode to detect whether it is in a state of charge; if the second pin status detection module 102 detects that it is in a discharging state or in a non-charging state, it indicates that the detection result of the first pin status detection module 101 is correct. The configuration of the state detection modes for the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102 may be set according to actual requirements.
In the embodiments shown in fig. 2 and 3, two implementations of the first pin state detection module 101 and the second pin state detection module 102 are illustrated, and any one implementation may be selected by a person skilled in the art, and other implementations capable of implementing state detection may also be adopted, which are all within the scope of protection of the present application and are not limited herein.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection chip according to another embodiment of the invention.
In this embodiment, the battery protection chip 100 further includes: the open load detection module 106 is connected to the second pin VM and the detection path selection module 103. The open load detection module 106 is configured to detect a connection state between the load/charging power supply 200 and the charging/discharging line.
The load open circuit detection module 106 is connected to the charge-discharge switch control circuit 105, and in a discharge overcurrent state, the load open circuit detection module 106 is configured to detect a connection state between the charge-discharge line and the load/charging power supply 200, and after detecting that the load is disconnected, send a load open circuit signal to the charge-discharge switch control circuit 105, and the charge-discharge switch control circuit 105 controls the discharge line to be turned on, that is, controls the discharge transistor M1 to be turned on.
The battery protection chip of the embodiment detects the charge and discharge states of the battery through the two pins of the battery protection chip, and realizes the high-reliability detection function of dynamic and bidirectional current. Through the state detection of the two pins, mutual verification is carried out, and a path selection module selects a corresponding overcurrent detection path according to the state detection result, so that the overcurrent detection with high reliability and high safety is realized. When the state detection module of any pin is abnormal, the current abnormality can be correctly detected through cross verification, so that reliable protection is provided for the battery.
Furthermore, through cross verification, the self-checking of the pin state of the chip can be realized, the pin abnormality can be found in time, and the reliability of the chip and the robustness of an application system are improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a battery charge-discharge overcurrent protection method.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of an overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
The overcurrent protection method comprises the following steps:
and S1, detecting electric signals at two different nodes on a battery charging and discharging line, and respectively detecting the charging and discharging states according to the electric signals at the different nodes to obtain a first detection signal and a second detection signal.
The charge-discharge line comprises a sampling resistor, a charge MOS tube and a discharge MOS tube which are sequentially connected in series; the two different nodes are respectively a detection node connected with one end of the sampling resistor adjacent to the discharging MOS tube or the charging MOS tube and a detection node on a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
Step S2, selecting one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and combining with a preset selection rule, wherein the current state detection signal corresponds to a current charging state or discharging state;
and step S3, detecting the overcurrent of the electric signal at the node corresponding to the current state detection signal, and judging whether the electric signal is overcurrent or not in the current charge and discharge state.
And S4, when the overcurrent is detected, disconnecting the charge and discharge circuit and performing overcurrent control so as to protect the battery. The method specifically comprises the following steps: when detecting charging overcurrent, disconnecting a charging circuit in the charging and discharging circuit; and when the discharge overcurrent is detected, disconnecting a discharge circuit in the charge-discharge circuits.
In other embodiments, detecting a connection state of the load is further included; and in the overcurrent control state, when the disconnection of the load and the charge and discharge line is detected, the conduction of the discharge line is restored.
The application further provides an electronic device, please refer to fig. 1, including a battery protection chip 100 and a battery BT in any of the above embodiments, where an anode and a cathode of the battery BT are connected to a positive terminal pck+ and a negative terminal pck+ of a charging and discharging interface through charging and discharging lines, respectively; the first pin CS and the second pin VM of the battery protection chip 100 are respectively connected to the charge-discharge line, and are used for acquiring electrical signals at different nodes on the charge-discharge line.
A sampling resistor R, a discharging MOS tube M1 and a charging MOS tube M2 are sequentially connected in series on a connecting line of the battery cathode and the interface negative terminal PCK-; the first pin CS is connected to one end of a sampling resistor R, and the other end of the sampling resistor R is connected to the chip reference ground; the second pin VM is connected to a circuit path between the discharge MOS transistor M1 and the charge MOS transistor M2.
When the battery protection chip 100 includes the charge-discharge switch control module 105, the charge-discharge switch control module 105 is connected to the gates of the discharge MOS transistor M1 and the charge MOS transistor M2 through the charge MOS drive pin CDR and the discharge MOS drive pin DDR, respectively.
The battery protection chip of the electronic equipment can accurately and reliably detect the charge and discharge state of the battery, thereby realizing accurate charge and discharge overcurrent protection and improving the reliability of the equipment.
The foregoing embodiments are merely examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application, so that all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and the contents of the present application, such as the combination of technical features between the embodiments, or direct or indirect application to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the patent protection of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A battery protection chip, comprising:
the first pin state detection module is connected to the first pin, judges the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the electric signal at the first pin, and outputs a first state detection signal;
the second pin state detection module is connected to the second pin, judges the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the electric signal at the second pin, and outputs a second state detection signal;
the first pin and the second pin are used for being connected to a charge-discharge line of a battery using the battery protection chip so as to obtain electric signals at different nodes on the charge-discharge line;
the detection path selection module is connected to the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module and is used for selecting one state detection signal as a current state detection signal according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal and combining with a preset rule;
the overcurrent detection module is used for detecting the electric signal of the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, judging the overcurrent of the pin corresponding to the current state detection signal, and outputting the overcurrent detection signal when judging the overcurrent so as to realize the protection of the battery overcurrent; the corresponding pins are connected to the overcurrent detection module through the detection path selection module;
the preset rule comprises the following steps: the first pin and the second pin have different priorities; when each state detection module detects the same charge and discharge state, selecting a state detection signal corresponding to a pin with highest priority as a current state detection signal; or when only one state detection module detects the charge and discharge state, the state detection signal corresponding to the state detection module is used as the current state detection signal.
2. The battery protection chip of claim 1, further comprising: the overcurrent detection module comprises a charging overcurrent detection unit and/or a discharging overcurrent detection unit; the charging overcurrent detection unit is used for detecting charging overcurrent in a charging state, and outputting a charging overcurrent signal when the voltage of the corresponding pin exceeds a charging overcurrent detection threshold value and the duration exceeds a charging overcurrent detection delay time; the discharge overcurrent detection unit is used for detecting discharge overcurrent in a discharge state, and outputting a discharge overcurrent signal when the voltage of the corresponding pin exceeds a discharge overcurrent detection threshold and the duration exceeds a discharge overcurrent detection delay time.
3. The battery protection chip according to claim 2, wherein the detection path selection module is configured to connect a corresponding pin to the charging overcurrent detection unit when the current state detection signal corresponds to a charging state; and/or when the current state detection signal corresponds to a discharge state, connecting a corresponding pin to the discharge overcurrent detection unit.
4. The battery protection chip of claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge circuit comprises a sampling resistor, a charge MOS tube and a discharge MOS tube connected in series; the first pin is used for being connected to one end of a sampling resistor on the charging and discharging circuit, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the reference ground of the chip; the second pin is used for being connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube on the charging and discharging path.
5. The battery protection chip of claim 4, further comprising: the charging/discharging switch control module is connected to the overcurrent detection module, the charging MOS drive pin and the discharging MOS drive pin, and when the overcurrent detection module outputs a corresponding overcurrent detection signal, the charging MOS drive pin and/or the discharging MOS drive pin is controlled to output an overcurrent control signal; the charging MOS driving pin is used for being connected to a charging MOS tube grid electrode of the charging and discharging line and controlling the charging MOS tube to be closed when charging is over-current; and/or the discharging MOS driving pin is used for being connected to a discharging MOS tube grid electrode of the charging and discharging line and is used for controlling the discharging MOS tube to be closed when discharging overcurrent occurs.
6. The battery protection chip according to claim 1, wherein the set target within the preset rule includes: at least one of a mode of detecting the charge and discharge state through the first pin and the second pin, priorities of the first pin and the second pin, and a charge and discharge overcurrent detection mode corresponding to a charge and discharge state detection result of the first pin and the second pin.
7. The battery protection chip of claim 1, wherein the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module each comprise a state detection circuit with a configurable operating mode, the state detection circuit being configurable to a charge state detection mode or a discharge state detection mode; the detection path selection module is further used for configuring the working modes of the first pin state detection module and/or the second pin state detection module, and starting and configuring the working state mode of the other state detection module according to one state detection signal acquired by one state detection module so as to acquire the other state detection signal; or, the first pin state detection module and the second pin state detection module each comprise a charging state detection unit and a discharging state detection unit, and can detect the charging state and the discharging state independently and output corresponding state detection signals.
8. A battery charge-discharge overcurrent protection method, comprising:
detecting electric signals at two different nodes on a battery charging and discharging line, and respectively detecting charging and discharging states according to the electric signals at the different nodes to obtain a first state detection signal and a second state detection signal;
according to the first state detection signal and the second state detection signal, and combining with a preset rule, selecting one of the state detection signals as a current state detection signal, wherein the current state detection signal corresponds to a current charge and discharge state;
detecting the overcurrent of the electric signal at the node corresponding to the current state detection signal, and judging whether the electric signal is overcurrent in the current charge and discharge state;
when detecting charging overcurrent, disconnecting a charging circuit in the charging and discharging circuit; when the discharge overcurrent is detected, disconnecting a discharge circuit in the charge-discharge circuit;
one node of the two different nodes is connected with a first pin of the battery protection chip, and the other node is connected with a second pin of the battery protection chip; the battery protection chip further comprises a first pin state detection module connected to the first pin and a second pin state detection module connected to the second pin;
the preset rule comprises the following steps: the first pin and the second pin have different priorities; when each state detection module detects the same charge and discharge state, selecting a state detection signal corresponding to a pin with highest priority as a current state detection signal; or when only one state detection module detects the charge and discharge state, the state detection signal corresponding to the state detection module is used as the current state detection signal.
9. The battery charge-discharge overcurrent protection method of claim 8, wherein the charge-discharge circuit comprises a sampling resistor, a charge MOS tube and a discharge MOS tube which are sequentially connected in series; the two different nodes are respectively a detection node connected with one end of the sampling resistor adjacent to the discharging MOS tube or the charging MOS tube, and a detection node on a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
10. An electronic device, comprising:
the battery protection chip of any one of the above claims 1 to 9;
the battery comprises a battery and a charging and discharging circuit, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the charging and discharging circuit interface through the charging and discharging circuit, and a sampling resistor, a discharging MOS tube and a charging MOS tube are sequentially connected in series on the connecting lines of the negative electrode of the battery and the negative end of the interface;
the first pin of the battery protection chip is connected to one end of the sampling resistor close to the discharge MOS, and the reference ground of the battery protection chip is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor; and a second pin of the battery protection chip is connected to a circuit path between the discharging MOS tube and the charging MOS tube.
CN202111228688.5A 2021-10-21 2021-10-21 Battery protection chip, battery charge and discharge overcurrent protection method and electronic equipment Active CN113809807B (en)

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JPH11178207A (en) * 1997-12-12 1999-07-02 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd Battery protecting circuit and charger/discharger provided with this circuit
JP2005168159A (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-23 Ricoh Co Ltd Overcurrent protection circuit and charging type battery pack
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