CN113804150B - Fan blade capable of detecting internal damage of material based on sensing optical fiber - Google Patents
Fan blade capable of detecting internal damage of material based on sensing optical fiber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113804150B CN113804150B CN202111063873.3A CN202111063873A CN113804150B CN 113804150 B CN113804150 B CN 113804150B CN 202111063873 A CN202111063873 A CN 202111063873A CN 113804150 B CN113804150 B CN 113804150B
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- Prior art keywords
- fan blade
- glass tubes
- glass tube
- sensing optical
- glass
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fan blade capable of detecting internal damage of materials based on sensing optical fibers, which comprises a fan blade and a detection mechanism, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a plurality of converters, a plurality of sensing optical fibers, a plurality of first glass tubes, a plurality of second glass tubes and a strain measurement device; each sensing optical fiber is connected with a plurality of converters in series, and one end of each sensing optical fiber is connected with the input end of the strain measuring device; the plurality of first glass tubes and the plurality of second glass tubes are alternately arranged and embedded in the fan blade, air is filled in the plurality of first glass tubes, the plurality of second glass tubes are in vacuum state, and the converters are in one-to-one correspondence contact with the second glass tubes. According to the invention, the plurality of first glass tubes and the plurality of second glass tubes are embedded in the fan blade, so that when the fan blade is damaged internally, the strain measuring device can be positioned at the damaged position inside the fan blade through the induction of the converter and the sensing optical fiber to the second glass tubes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fan blade defect detection, in particular to a fan blade based on sensing optical fibers and capable of detecting internal damage of materials.
Background
Wind power generation is a clean energy source and is widely used throughout the world. In order to lighten the weight of the fan, improve the strength of the blade and improve the efficiency of the fan, the existing fan blade adopts a thin shell structure, and more than 90 percent of the weight of the fan blade is made of composite materials. The fan blade can cause the inside damage of combined material to produce because of abominable operational environment and complicated changeable operating mode. Regular maintenance of the blades is routinely required to avoid significant economic losses from accidents. Detection and monitoring are commonly combined to prevent accidents.
At present, the detection of the fan blade can be divided into the detection of quality inspection and service blades. Production quality inspection is often performed on leaves during production, which is easy to handle. However, it is difficult and more important to detect the blade in service. The detection methods of the blades of the service fan commonly used at present can be divided into two types: the method is a nondestructive detection technology such as ultrasonic wave, acoustic emission, infrared thermal imaging and the like, but the related detection of the blade can be carried out only after the fan is stopped regularly by the methods, but the real-time online detection of the blade cannot be carried out by the existing method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fan blade capable of detecting damage in a material based on sensing optical fibers, which can automatically detect the damage in the material in the service blade on line so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the fan blade comprises a fan blade and a detection mechanism, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a plurality of converters, a plurality of sensing optical fibers, a plurality of first glass tubes, a plurality of second glass tubes and a strain measurement device; the sensing optical fibers are arranged in parallel and embedded in the fan blade, each sensing optical fiber is connected with a plurality of converters in series, and one end of each sensing optical fiber is connected with the input end of the strain measuring device; the plurality of first glass tubes and the plurality of second glass tubes are alternately arranged and embedded in the fan blades, the plurality of first glass tubes are filled with air, the plurality of second glass tubes are in vacuum state, and the plurality of converters are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second glass tubes.
Preferably, a plurality of sensing optical fibers are arranged along the length direction of the fan blade, and a plurality of first glass tubes and a plurality of second glass tubes are arranged along the width direction of the fan blade.
Preferably, the fan blade includes an intermediate layer and a laminated plate which are arranged up and down, a plurality of sensing optical fibers and a plurality of converters are embedded in the intermediate layer, and a plurality of first glass tubes and a plurality of second glass tubes are embedded in the laminated plate.
Preferably, the top of the first glass tube and the top of the second glass tube both extend into the intermediate layer.
Preferably, the cross sections of the first glass tube and the second glass tube are sinusoidal.
Preferably, the bottom ends of the first glass tube and the second glass tube are flush with the bottom surface of the laminated plate.
Preferably, the distances between the first glass tube and the second glass tube which are adjacently arranged are the same.
Preferably, the distance between the first glass tube and the second glass tube which are adjacently arranged is H, and the distance between two adjacent converters along the sensing optical fiber direction is 2H.
Preferably, at least one end of the first glass tube is open to the atmosphere.
Preferably, a protective layer is further arranged above the intermediate layer, and the protective layer is a transparent resin protective layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the plurality of first glass tubes and the plurality of second glass tubes are embedded in the fan blade, so that when the fan blade is damaged internally, the strain measuring device can be positioned at the damaged position in the fan blade through the induction of the converter and the sensing optical fiber to the second glass tubes, and the on-line detection of the material damage in the service blade is realized automatically.
Drawings
The present invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a fan blade of the present invention when internal damage occurs.
Wherein: 1. a laminated board; 2. an intermediate layer; 3. a protective layer; 4. a converter; 5. a sensing optical fiber; 6. a first glass tube; 7. a second glass tube; 8. a strain measurement device; 9. a lesion space; 10. a broken first glass tube; 11. a broken second glass tube.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The fan blade based on the sensing optical fiber and capable of detecting the damage of the inside of the material comprises a fan blade and a detection mechanism, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a plurality of converters 4, a plurality of sensing optical fibers 5, a plurality of first glass tubes 6, a plurality of second glass tubes 7 and a strain measurement device 8; the sensing optical fibers 5 are arranged in parallel and embedded in the fan blade, each sensing optical fiber 5 is connected with a plurality of converters 4 in series, and one end of each sensing optical fiber 5 is connected with the input end of the strain measuring device 8; the first glass tubes 6 and the second glass tubes 7 are alternately arranged and embedded in the fan blades, the first glass tubes 6 are filled with air, the second glass tubes 7 are in a vacuum state, and the converters 4 are in one-to-one correspondence with the second glass tubes 7.
According to the embodiment, the plurality of first glass tubes 6 and the plurality of second glass tubes 7 are embedded in the fan blade, so that when the fan blade is damaged internally, the strain measuring device 8 can be positioned at the damaged position of the fan blade through the induction of the converter 4 and the sensing optical fiber 5 to the second glass tubes 7, and the on-line detection of the material damage inside the service blade is automatically realized.
The detection principle of the embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 2, when the composite laminate 1 of the fan blade is damaged, the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 located in the composite laminate 1 are broken to form a broken first glass tube 10 and a broken second glass tube 11, respectively. At this time, the air in the broken first glass tube 10 is transferred to the broken second glass tube 11 through the damaged space 9 inside the composite laminated plate 1, so that the broken second glass tube 11 is also filled with air, at this time, the air pressure in the broken second glass tube 11 is converted from the vacuum state to be the same as the atmospheric pressure, and after the pressure in the broken second glass tube 11 is changed, the converter 4 touching the broken second glass tube 11 converts the pressure change into the axial strain in the sensing optical fiber 5, and the axial strain is transferred to the strain measuring device 8 through the sensing optical fiber 5, thereby the strain measuring device 8 can rapidly identify the positions of the converter 4 and the sensing optical fiber 5 where the pressure change occurs, and thus position the position where the damage occurs in the fan blade.
Preferably, the plurality of sensing optical fibers 5 are disposed along the length direction of the fan blade, and the plurality of first glass tubes 6 and the plurality of second glass tubes 7 are disposed along the width direction of the fan blade.
The first glass tubes 6 and the second glass tubes 7 are arranged along the width direction of the fan blade, so that the first glass tubes 6 and the second glass tubes 7 are uniformly arranged on the fan blade, and the first glass tubes 6 and the second glass tubes 7 at any position of the fan blade can be damaged when the fan blade is damaged, and the damaged position can be rapidly detected through the strain measurer.
Preferably, the fan blade includes an intermediate layer 2 and a laminated plate 1 arranged up and down, and a plurality of sensing optical fibers 5 and a plurality of converters 4 are embedded in the intermediate layer 2, and a plurality of first glass tubes 6 and a plurality of second glass tubes 7 are embedded in the laminated plate 1.
The intermediate layer 2 is used for holding the converter 4 and the sensing optical fiber 5, and because the intermediate layer 2 does not bear load when the fan blade is used, damage can not occur in the intermediate layer 2, and therefore the damage of the converter 4 and the sensing optical fiber 5 caused by the internal loss of the fan blade is avoided by embedding the converter 4 and the sensing optical fiber 5 in the intermediate layer 2, thereby causing abnormal detection, and ensuring that the fan blade can be detected on line.
Preferably, both the top of the first glass tube 6 and the top of the second glass tube 7 extend into the interlayer 2.
By providing that the top of the second glass tube 7 extends into the intermediate layer 2, the second glass tube 7 can be in contact with the transducer 4, so that when the fan blade is damaged, the transducer 4 can sensitively detect the change of the air pressure in the second glass tube 7.
Preferably, the cross-sections of the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 are sinusoidal.
The first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 are identical in shape, and the sections of the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 are sinusoidal, so that the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 can cover the whole thickness direction of the composite material laminated plate 1, and the positions of damage positions inside the materials can be positioned by arranging the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7. The first glass tube 6, the second glass fiber tube and the fibers are placed in a mold to be cured at the time of manufacturing, thereby forming the composite laminate 1.
Preferably, the bottom ends of the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 are flush with the bottom surface of the laminate 1.
The detection positions of the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 can be derived to the bottom surface of the laminated plate 1, so that when any position of the fan blade is damaged, the first glass tube 6 and the second glass tube 7 at the position can be damaged, and the position where the damage occurs can be rapidly detected through the strain measurer.
Preferably, the distance between the adjacent first glass tube 6 and second glass tube 7 is H, the distance between the adjacent two transducers 4 along the direction of the sensing optical fiber 5 is 2H, and the distance between the adjacent two sensing optical fibers 5 is W.
Therefore, the damage inside the material is detected through the number and the positions of the first glass tubes 6 and the second glass tubes 7 which are reasonably arranged, so that the position of the damage occurring inside the material is more accurately positioned.
Preferably, at least one end of the first glass tube 6 is open to the atmosphere. It is ensured that when the first glass tube 6 is damaged by damage occurring inside the material, air in the first glass tube 6 can flow into the second glass tube 7 through the damage space 9.
Preferably, a protective layer 3 is further arranged above the intermediate layer 2, and the protective layer 3 is a transparent resin protective layer. The transparent resin protective layer 3 is arranged above the middle layer 2, so that the surface of the middle layer 2 is protected, and the damage to the transducer 4 or the sensing optical fiber 5 caused by scratch on the surface of the middle layer 2 is avoided.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with the specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.
Claims (8)
1. The fan blade is characterized by comprising a fan blade and a detection mechanism, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a plurality of converters, a plurality of sensing optical fibers, a plurality of first glass tubes, a plurality of second glass tubes and a strain measurement device; the sensing optical fibers are arranged in parallel and embedded in the fan blade, each sensing optical fiber is connected with a plurality of converters in series, and one end of each sensing optical fiber is connected with the input end of the strain measuring device; the plurality of first glass tubes and the plurality of second glass tubes are alternately arranged and embedded in the fan blades, the plurality of first glass tubes are filled with air, the plurality of second glass tubes are in vacuum state, and the plurality of converters are in one-to-one correspondence contact with the plurality of second glass tubes;
the plurality of sensing optical fibers are arranged along the length direction of the fan blade, and the plurality of first glass tubes and the plurality of second glass tubes are arranged along the width direction of the fan blade;
the fan blade comprises an interlayer and a laminated plate which are arranged up and down, a plurality of sensing optical fibers and a plurality of converters are embedded in the interlayer, and a plurality of first glass tubes and a plurality of second glass tubes are embedded in the laminated plate.
2. A fan blade based on sensing fiber-optic detectable material internal damage as in claim 1, wherein the top of the first glass tube and the top of the second glass tube both extend into the intermediate layer.
3. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein the first glass tube and the second glass tube each have a sinusoidal cross-section.
4. The fan blade of claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the first glass tube and the bottom end of the second glass tube are flush with the bottom surface of the laminate.
5. A fan blade based on sensing fiber-optic detectable material internal damage as in claim 1, wherein the distance between the adjacently disposed first glass tube and second glass tube is the same.
6. A fan blade based on sensing fiber-optic detectable material internal damage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the adjacently disposed first glass tube and second glass tube is H, and the distance between two adjacent transducers along the sensing fiber-optic direction is 2H.
7. A fan blade based on sensing fiber-optic detectable material internal damage as in claim 1, wherein at least one end of the first glass tube is open to atmosphere.
8. The fan blade based on the sensing optical fiber detectable material internal damage according to claim 1, wherein a protective layer is further arranged above the intermediate layer, and the protective layer is a transparent resin protective layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111063873.3A CN113804150B (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Fan blade capable of detecting internal damage of material based on sensing optical fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111063873.3A CN113804150B (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Fan blade capable of detecting internal damage of material based on sensing optical fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113804150A CN113804150A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
| CN113804150B true CN113804150B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111063873.3A Active CN113804150B (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Fan blade capable of detecting internal damage of material based on sensing optical fiber |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE7507247L (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1975-12-29 | Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen | DEVICE FOR MONITORING EROSION WEAR OF GASTURBINE PISTONS. |
| US4135386A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-01-23 | Continental Oil Company | Porous material crack detection |
| US4600310A (en) * | 1981-03-30 | 1986-07-15 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Optical fibre sensor |
| WO2007112511A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-11 | Structural Monitoring Systems Ltd | Method for detecting impact damage in a structure |
| CN101865906A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-20 | 东华大学 | High-sensitivity composite material structure health monitoring system |
| CN103403515A (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2013-11-20 | 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 | System and method for detecting damage to a wind turbine blade |
| CN105258669A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-20 | 南京电力工程设计有限公司 | Simulation test device of sedimentation post-treatment of rain pipe in sea silt and method |
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| CN112555690A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Oil-gas pressure pipeline damage monitoring and early warning method |
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2021
- 2021-09-10 CN CN202111063873.3A patent/CN113804150B/en active Active
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| CN113804150A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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