CN112373072B - Repair of composite material wind power blade damage and health monitoring method of repaired structure - Google Patents
Repair of composite material wind power blade damage and health monitoring method of repaired structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112373072B CN112373072B CN202011143739.XA CN202011143739A CN112373072B CN 112373072 B CN112373072 B CN 112373072B CN 202011143739 A CN202011143739 A CN 202011143739A CN 112373072 B CN112373072 B CN 112373072B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/24—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/04—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements
- B29C73/10—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D using preformed elements using patches sealing on the surface of the article
- B29C73/12—Apparatus therefor, e.g. for applying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/24—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for
- B29C73/26—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for for mechanical pretreatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C2037/90—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/24—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for
- B29C73/26—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for for mechanical pretreatment
- B29C2073/262—Apparatus or accessories not otherwise provided for for mechanical pretreatment for polishing, roughening, buffing or sanding the area to be repaired
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
- B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
- B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
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Abstract
A method for repairing damage of a composite material wind power blade and monitoring structural health after repair belongs to the technical field of wind power blades; the method specifically comprises the following steps: 1, determining the position and the shape of a damaged area by a detection method, polishing, and designing a stepped staggered-stubble polishing scheme of the damaged area; 2, preparing an MXene/CNT sensor in a stubble-staggering polishing area, and arranging electrodes at two ends of the sensor in the length direction to obtain a micro-nano sensor; arranging 2n sensors in the micro-nano sensor array at the damaged bottom and the stubble staggering area of the original fiber cloth; 3, paving n +6+2 layers of fiber cloth according to the original layer design; 4, repairing by adopting a vacuum bag pressing and forming process; and 5, when the blade works, the micro-nano sensor is adopted for real-time monitoring, cracks are found through data images fed back by the sensor, and the positions and depths of the cracks are determined according to data comparison among the sensors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power blades, and particularly relates to a method for intelligently repairing damage of a composite wind power blade and monitoring the health of a repaired structure.
Background
Wind power generation refers to converting kinetic energy of wind into electric energy. Wind energy is a clean and pollution-free renewable energy source, is utilized by people for a long time, is very environment-friendly by utilizing wind power for power generation, and has huge wind energy content, so that the wind energy is increasingly paid attention to all countries in the world. The blade is used as one of the core components of the wind turbine, the failure occurrence rate is high, and accidents such as blade damage and breakage are not rare, so that the power generation quantity is directly influenced, and the economic and social benefits are indirectly influenced. The method for repairing the wind power blade structure made of the composite materials by laying the fiber cloth in staggered mode can effectively inhibit the expansion of the existing damage, and the service life and the use safety of the structure are improved. Compared with the traditional riveting repair technology, the technology for laying and repairing the composite material by the staggered stubbles of the fiber cloth has the characteristics of stable stress transmission and avoidance of additional stress concentration, has excellent fatigue and damage tolerance performance, and is easy to construct at the curved surface of the wind power blade structure. However, the blade repairing structure still has higher damage risk in the long-time service process, and delamination and debonding damage are main damage modes of the composite material repairing part. When the damage of the blade repair area is found, the outer part of the blade often has obvious cracks, and the inner part of the blade is seriously damaged at the moment, so that the blade is possibly scrapped to cause great economic loss.
In order to avoid the above situations, the wind turbine blade repair area needs to be monitored in real time for working state, damage and residual life to predict alarm faults, so as to guarantee the service life of the blade, thereby improving the overall reliability of the wind turbine, and therefore, the health monitoring of the repair area is very necessary. Currently, the most common methods for monitoring the health of a repaired structure comprise a guided wave piezoelectric ceramic sensor, a fiber grating sensor and the like. The fiber grating sensor has the characteristics of small size, high precision, good stability and the like, is considered to be most suitable for monitoring the working state of the composite material, but the size of the fiber grating sensor is still nearly two orders of magnitude larger than the diameter of the fiber, and when the fiber grating sensor is used as a sensing element and is embedded into the composite material, the defect is undoubtedly introduced into the composite material. Meanwhile, the fiber grating sensor has the defects of high cost, limited monitoring area and the like, which limit the application of the fiber grating sensor in engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the intelligent repair of the damage of the composite material wind power blade and the structural health monitoring method after the repair, which can enable the wind power blade to be self-detected to be damaged at the initial stage of crack propagation, realize the early warning of the structural damage, realize the online monitoring of the service process of the blade without stopping the machine, output the health state of the blade structure in real time, such as the crack initiation and propagation of the weak part of the blade structure and the change of the dynamic characteristic of the blade, and prevent the further expansion of the damaged area of the blade.
The invention relates to a composite material wind power blade which is manufactured by a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material through a vacuum auxiliary resin infusion molding process, wherein a damaged part needs to be repaired by selecting the same type of fiber cloth according to the original layer design, the n +1 th layer needs to be the same as the n-th layer of fiber cloth in type, the resin glue solution for repairing and the surface coating after repairing need to be consistent with the resin glue solution and the surface coating used in the original area to be repaired, and the intelligent repairing and post-repairing structure health monitoring method for the damage of the composite material wind power blade comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the position and the shape of a damaged area by using an ultrasonic detection method, polishing the paint surface and the skin layer of the blade of the damaged area, and designing a stepped staggered-stubble polishing scheme of the damaged area;
step 2: the ratio of length to width of the middle band used was 2: 1, preparing an MXene/CNT sensor in a staggered stubble polishing area by using a rectangular hole die, arranging electrodes at two ends of the sensor in the length direction along the length direction of the staggered stubble polishing area in the length direction of the sensor, and thus obtaining the micro-nano sensor; arranging 2n sensors in the micro-nano sensor array at the damaged bottom and the stubble staggering area of the original fiber cloth; wherein n is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;
and step 3: laying n +6+2 layers of fiber cloth according to the original laying design; sequentially laying n layers of original fiber cloth, then laying 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth, and finally laying 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth;
and 4, step 4: the repair is carried out by adopting a vacuum bag pressing and forming process, and the micro-nano sensor is fully soaked in resin, so that the sensor and a repair area are integrally formed, and the intelligent repair of the blade is realized;
and 5: when the blade works, the micro-nano sensors are adopted for real-time monitoring, after cracks are found through data images fed back by the sensors, the full-load operation is reduced to no load, the machine is stopped within 1-2min, the further expansion of the cracks is prevented from causing dangerous damage, and the positions and the depths of the cracks are determined according to data comparison among the sensors.
The method for repairing the damage of the composite material wind power blade and monitoring the health of the repaired structure comprises the following steps:
in the step 1, the polishing scheme is required to satisfy:
polishing the bottom of the damage into a rectangle to facilitate the laying of a subsequent repairing layer and a sensor, wherein the relative air humidity of the environment in which the polishing operation is performed is less than or equal to 75 percent;
each layer of unidirectional cloth: polishing steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the polishing size to the thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the length direction of the damaged area is 100:1, the ratio of the polishing size to the thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the length direction of the damaged area is 50:1 when more layers are maintained, and the ratio of the polishing size to the thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the width direction of the damaged area is 30: 1;
two axial directions of each layer are distributed: polishing steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the polishing size to the layer thickness of each layer of step in the length direction and the width direction of the damaged area is 30: 1;
three-axis cloth of each layer: and grinding steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the grinding size to the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the length direction of the damaged area is 50:1, and the ratio of the grinding size to the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the width direction of the damaged area is 30: 1.
In the step 2, the method for preparing the MXene/CNT sensor is a preparation method in patent CN201911336931.8, namely, "a sensor for monitoring a composite liquid molding process and a preparation method", and the shape and size of the micro-nano sensor in the invention can be changed at will according to the arrangement area condition.
In the step 3, the areas of the laid original fiber cloth, the reinforcing layer fiber cloth and the outer skin layer fiber cloth are sequentially decreased from large to small, wherein n layers of original fiber cloth are laid in a staggered mode according to the polishing area, 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth and 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth are uniformly staggered 50 times of the thickness in the length direction, and are uniformly staggered 15 times of the thickness in the width direction.
In the step 4, in order to integrally form the micro-nano sensor and the composite material repairing area without influencing the mechanical property of the composite material wind power blade and overcome the problem of defect caused by embedding the sensor into the composite material, resin is fully infiltrated and filled into the internal structure of the porous micro-nano sensor while the vacuum bag pressing forming process is adopted.
In the step 5, the micro-nano sensor and the blade repairing area are integrally formed, and any internal micro damage in the service process of the blade can change the microstructure of the micro-nano sensor, so that the resistance change of the sensor which can be shown on an image is generated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) the micro-nano sensor in the method has the advantages of low cost, easy manufacture, micron-sized thickness direction dimension, excellent resin compatibility, capability of being integrally molded with a composite material repair area, no influence on the mechanical property of the whole blade and capability of overcoming the defect caused by embedding the sensor in the composite material.
(2) According to the method, the method of the stubble-staggering array micro-nano sensor is adopted, after damage of the wind power blade is repaired, the structural health state after repair can be accurately monitored in real time, and potential engineering accidents caused by damage accumulation and expansion of the repaired area of the blade with weak mechanical property are avoided.
(3) The method and the device enable the micro-nano sensor and the wind power blade repair area to be integrally formed, and intelligentization of repair components is achieved. And (3) monitoring the health state of the repaired area of the wind power blade on line in real time by using a micro-nano sensor. And determining the secondary damage position of the area after the wind power blade is repaired by using the method of the array micro-nano sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the stepped repair polishing size of a stubble-staggering damaged area and the arrangement of micro-nano sensors in the invention; (a) unidirectional glass fiber cloth, (b) two-axial glass fiber cloth, and (c) three-axial glass fiber cloth.
Fig. 2 is a sensor resistance response curve of the micro-nano sensor monitoring blade under a tensile load in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a sensor resistance response curve of the micro-nano sensor monitoring blade under fatigue load in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below by way of example and specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The method for repairing damage of the composite material wind power blade and monitoring the structural health after repair comprises the following specific operation steps:
step 1: when the blade is damaged in the unidirectional glass fiber cloth area, determining the position and the shape of the damaged area by using an ultrasonic detection method, polishing the paint surface and the skin layer of the blade in the damaged area, and designing a stepped alternate stubble polishing scheme of the damaged area as shown in a figure 1 (a); polishing the bottom of the damage into a rectangle to facilitate the laying of the next repairing layer and the sensor, polishing steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the polishing size and the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the length direction of the damaged area is 100:1, the ratio of the polishing size and the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the width direction of the damaged area is 30:1, and the total polishing layer number is 4; the relative air humidity of the environment where the polishing operation is performed is less than or equal to 75 percent;
step 2: using a die with a rectangular hole with the middle length of 10mm and the width of 5mm, and adopting the preparation method in patent CN201911336931.8, and using a high-pressure spray gun to spray in the staggered stubble area to prepare the MXene/CNT sensor with the size of 10mm multiplied by 5 mm; arranging electrodes at two ends of the sensor in the length direction along the length direction of the staggered stubble polishing area in the length direction of the sensor to obtain a micro-nano sensor; arranging 8 sensors in the micro-nano sensor array at the damaged bottom and the stubble staggering area of the original fiber cloth;
and step 3: laying 12 layers of fiber cloth according to the original laying design, sequentially laying 4 layers of original unidirectional glass fiber cloth, then laying 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth, and finally laying 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth; the areas of the laid original unidirectional glass fiber cloth, the reinforcing layer fiber cloth and the outer skin layer fiber cloth are sequentially decreased from large to small, wherein the front 4 layers of original unidirectional glass fiber cloth are laid in a staggered mode according to the polishing area, the 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth and the 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth are uniformly staggered by 50 times of thickness in the length direction, and staggered by 15 times of thickness in the width direction;
and 4, step 4: the method is characterized in that a vacuum bag pressing forming process is adopted for repairing, and resin is fully infiltrated and filled into the internal structure of the porous micro-nano sensor, so that the sensor and a repairing area are integrally formed, the problem of defects caused by embedding the sensor into a composite material is solved, the mechanical property of the composite material wind power blade is not influenced, and the intelligent repairing of the blade is realized;
and 5: when the blade works, the micro-nano sensor is adopted for real-time monitoring, any internal micro damage in the service process of the blade can change the microstructure of the micro-nano sensor, so that the resistance change of the sensor which can be shown on an image is generated, the full-load operation is reduced to no-load operation through a data image fed back by the sensor after a crack is found, the shutdown is completed within 1-2min, the dangerous damage caused by the further expansion of the crack is prevented, and the position and the depth of the crack are determined according to the data comparison among the sensors.
In example 1, a tensile load test is performed on the repaired and formed blade, and the resistance change rate of the sensor is acquired in real time, as shown in fig. 2. As is apparent from the figure, there are four break points, the first break point is a stiffness break point as the load increases, the stiffness of the blade after the first break point changes, and at this time, the change of the sensor needs to be closely concerned, and cracks may start to be generated; the second break point is the initial stage of the crack propagation of the test piece, and the test piece needs to be stopped for maintenance in actual work, so that the crack is prevented from further expanding; the third break point shows that the structural part near the sensor is suddenly damaged, the stress around the sensor is released instantly, and the crack is expanded to a local area; the instant failure of the fourth break point sensor indicates that the area is completely cracked and the blade is scrapped.
In the present embodiment 1, the repaired and molded blade was subjected to a fatigue load test, and the rate of change in the resistance of the sensor was collected in real time, as shown in fig. 3. The rate of change of resistance of the sensor gradually increases as the fatigue period increases. Damage accumulates gradually during this process, and the strength of the blade deteriorates continuously. The rate of change in the residual resistance of the sensor on the upper side of the blade repair area is generally smaller than that on the lower side, and it can be presumed that the crack propagation rate around the lower side sensor is greater than that on the upper side. As the cycle increases, the rate of change of the sensor resistance increases excessively, indicating that the crack appears and develops progressively until it is completely destroyed. According to the increasing time and the increasing amplitude of the resistance change rate of the sensors at different positions, the position where the crack firstly appears and the depth of the crack can be judged.
Example 2
The method for repairing damage of the composite material wind power blade and monitoring the structural health after repair comprises the following specific operation steps:
step 1: when the blade is damaged in the two-axial glass fiber cloth area, determining the position and the shape of the damaged area by using an ultrasonic detection method, polishing the paint surface and the skin layer of the blade in the damaged area, and designing a stepped alternate stubble polishing scheme of the damaged area as shown in a figure 1 (b); polishing the bottommost part of the damage into a rectangle to facilitate the laying of a subsequent repairing layer and a sensor, polishing steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the staggered polishing size and the layer thickness of each layer of steps along the length direction and the width direction of the damaged area is 30:1, and the total polishing layer number is 4; the relative air humidity of the environment where the polishing operation is performed is less than or equal to 75 percent;
step 2: using a rectangular hole die with the middle part being 20mm in length and the width being 10mm, and adopting the preparation method in patent CN201911336931.8, and using a high-pressure spray gun to spray in the staggered stubble area to prepare the MXene/CNT sensor with the size of 20mm multiplied by 10 mm; arranging electrodes at two ends of the sensor in the length direction along the length direction of the staggered stubble polishing area in the length direction of the sensor to obtain a micro-nano sensor; arranging 8 sensors in the micro-nano sensor array at the damaged bottom and the stubble staggering area of the original fiber cloth;
and step 3: laying 12 layers of fiber cloth according to the original laying design, sequentially laying 4 layers of original two-axial glass fiber cloth, then laying 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth, and finally laying 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth; the areas of the laid original two-axial glass fiber cloth, the reinforcing layer fiber cloth and the outer skin layer fiber cloth are sequentially decreased from large to small, wherein the front 4 layers of original two-axial glass fiber cloth are laid in a staggered mode according to the polishing area, the 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth and the 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth are uniformly staggered by 50 times of thickness in the length direction, and staggered by 15 times of thickness in the width direction;
and 4, step 4: the method is characterized in that a vacuum bag pressing forming process is adopted for repairing, and resin is fully infiltrated and filled into the internal structure of the porous micro-nano sensor, so that the sensor and a repairing area are integrally formed, the problem of defects caused by embedding the sensor into a composite material is solved, the mechanical property of the composite material wind power blade is not influenced, and the intelligent repairing of the blade is realized;
and 5: when the blade works, the micro-nano sensor is adopted for real-time monitoring, any internal micro damage in the service process of the blade can change the microstructure of the micro-nano sensor, so that the resistance change of the sensor which can be shown on an image is generated, the full-load operation is reduced to no-load operation through a data image fed back by the sensor after a crack is found, the shutdown is completed within 1-2min, the dangerous damage caused by the further expansion of the crack is prevented, and the position and the depth of the crack are determined according to the data comparison among the sensors.
Example 3
The method for repairing damage of the composite material wind power blade and monitoring the structural health after repair comprises the following specific operation steps:
step 1: when the blade is damaged in a triaxial glass fiber cloth area, determining the position and the shape of the damaged area by using an ultrasonic detection method, polishing the paint surface and the skin layer of the blade in the damaged area, and designing a stepped alternate stubble polishing scheme of the damaged area as shown in a figure 1 (c); polishing the bottom of the damage into a rectangle to facilitate the laying of the next repairing layer and the sensor, polishing steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the polishing size and the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the length direction of the damaged area is 50:1, the ratio of the polishing size and the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the width direction of the damaged area is 30:1, and the total polishing layer number is 4; the relative air humidity of the environment where the polishing operation is performed is less than or equal to 75 percent;
step 2: using a die with a rectangular hole with the middle length of 16mm and the width of 8mm, and adopting the preparation method in patent CN201911336931.8, and using a high-pressure spray gun to spray in the staggered stubble area to prepare the MXene/CNT sensor with the size of 16mm multiplied by 8 mm; arranging electrodes at two ends of the sensor in the length direction along the length direction of the staggered stubble polishing area in the length direction of the sensor to obtain a micro-nano sensor; arranging 8 sensors in the micro-nano sensor array at the damaged bottom and the stubble staggering area of the original fiber cloth;
and step 3: laying 12 layers of fiber cloth according to the original laying design, sequentially laying 4 layers of original triaxial glass fiber cloth, then laying 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth, and finally laying 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth; the areas of the laid original triaxial glass fiber cloth, the reinforcing layer fiber cloth and the outer cover layer fiber cloth are sequentially decreased from large to small, wherein the front 4 layers of original triaxial glass fiber cloth are laid in a staggered mode according to the polishing area, the 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth and the 2 layers of outer cover layer fiber cloth are staggered by 50 times of thickness in the length direction, and staggered by 15 times of thickness in the width direction;
and 4, step 4: the method is characterized in that a vacuum bag pressing forming process is adopted for repairing, and resin is fully infiltrated and filled into the internal structure of the porous micro-nano sensor, so that the sensor and a repairing area are integrally formed, the problem of defects caused by embedding the sensor into a composite material is solved, the mechanical property of the composite material wind power blade is not influenced, and the intelligent repairing of the blade is realized;
and 5: when the blade works, the micro-nano sensor is adopted for real-time monitoring, any internal micro damage in the service process of the blade can change the microstructure of the micro-nano sensor, so that the resistance change of the sensor which can be shown on an image is generated, the full-load operation is reduced to no-load operation through a data image fed back by the sensor after a crack is found, the shutdown is completed within 1-2min, the dangerous damage caused by the further expansion of the crack is prevented, and the position and the depth of the crack are determined according to the data comparison among the sensors.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for repairing damage of a composite material wind power blade and monitoring structural health after repair is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining the position and the shape of a damaged area by using an ultrasonic detection method, polishing the paint surface and the skin layer of the blade of the damaged area, and designing a stepped staggered-stubble polishing scheme of the damaged area;
step 2: the ratio of length to width of the middle band used was 2: 1, preparing an MXene/CNT sensor in a staggered stubble polishing area by using a rectangular hole die, arranging electrodes at two ends of the sensor in the length direction along the length direction of the staggered stubble polishing area in the length direction of the sensor, and thus obtaining the micro-nano sensor; arranging 2n sensors in the micro-nano sensor array at the damaged bottom and the stubble staggering area of the original fiber cloth; wherein n is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;
and step 3: laying n +6+2 layers of fiber cloth according to the original laying design; sequentially laying n layers of original fiber cloth, then laying 6 layers of reinforcing layer fiber cloth, and finally laying 2 layers of outer skin layer fiber cloth;
and 4, step 4: the blade is repaired by adopting a vacuum bag pressing and forming process, so that the intelligent repair of the blade is realized;
and 5: when the blade works, the micro-nano sensors are adopted for real-time monitoring, after cracks are found through data images fed back by the sensors, the full-load operation is reduced to no load, the machine is stopped within 1-2min, the further expansion of the cracks is prevented from causing dangerous damage, and the positions and the depths of the cracks are determined according to data comparison among the sensors.
2. The method for repairing damage of a composite wind turbine blade and monitoring health of a repaired structure according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, a polishing scheme is required to satisfy:
polishing the bottom of the damage into a rectangle to facilitate the laying of a subsequent repairing layer and a sensor, wherein the relative air humidity of the environment in which the polishing operation is performed is less than or equal to 75 percent;
each layer of unidirectional cloth: polishing steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the polishing size to the thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the length direction of the damaged area is 100:1, and the ratio of the polishing size to the thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the width direction of the damaged area is 30: 1;
two axial directions of each layer are distributed: polishing steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the polishing size to the layer thickness of each layer of step in the length direction and the width direction of the damaged area is 30: 1;
three-axis cloth of each layer: and grinding steps around the damaged area, wherein the ratio of the grinding size to the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the length direction of the damaged area is 50:1, and the ratio of the grinding size to the layer thickness of each layer of step stubble staggering along the width direction of the damaged area is 30: 1.
3. The method for repairing damage of a composite wind turbine blade and monitoring health of a repaired structure of the composite wind turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the areas of the laid original fiber cloth, the fiber cloth of the reinforcing layer and the fiber cloth of the outer skin layer are sequentially decreased from large to small, wherein n layers of the original fiber cloth are laid in a staggered mode according to the polished area, 6 layers of the fiber cloth of the reinforcing layer and 2 layers of the fiber cloth of the outer skin layer are uniformly staggered by 50 times of thickness in the length direction and 15 times of thickness in the width direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011143739.XA CN112373072B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Repair of composite material wind power blade damage and health monitoring method of repaired structure |
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| CN202011143739.XA CN112373072B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Repair of composite material wind power blade damage and health monitoring method of repaired structure |
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| CN112373072A CN112373072A (en) | 2021-02-19 |
| CN112373072B true CN112373072B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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| CN101561400A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2009-10-21 | 沈阳航空工业学院 | Method for repairing aged aircraft structural damage with optical fiber intelligent composite and monitoring health |
| WO2016150445A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Repair of wind turbine components |
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