CN113798916B - Horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for marine multi-fulcrum boring bar - Google Patents
Horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for marine multi-fulcrum boring bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN113798916B CN113798916B CN202111236470.4A CN202111236470A CN113798916B CN 113798916 B CN113798916 B CN 113798916B CN 202111236470 A CN202111236470 A CN 202111236470A CN 113798916 B CN113798916 B CN 113798916B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2428—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring existing positions of tools or workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for a marine multi-pivot boring bar, and relates to the technical field of ship construction. The method utilizes the straightness detection function of the signal instrument to detect the sinking amount of the boring bar, and the boring bar at the position of the head and tail brackets is positioned at the center point of the cross section of the tail shaft tube by adjusting the head and tail brackets of the boring bar. And detecting straightness of each point on the upper surface of the boring bar aiming at the head and tail base points by using a signal instrument by taking the head and tail brackets as base points, and reflecting the sinking condition of each point of the boring bar through a straightness curve generated by a signal data processing terminal. And adjusting an adjusting bolt of the middle support according to the sinking curve of the boring bar, and supportively compensating the sinking of the boring bar. And through multiple detection and adjustment, the sinking amount of the multi-fulcrum boring bar is finally eliminated, and the accuracy of the boring bar for processing the stern shaft tube is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, in particular to a horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for a marine multi-pivot boring bar.
Background
In boring processing of large-scale steel structures such as ship shaft rudder systems, large-scale bridges, hydropower stations, petrochemical industry and the like, large-scale boring bars are widely used for boring construction. Before the boring of the ship shafting, the head end and the tail end of the boring bar are fixed on the non-processing end face of the steel structure to be bored, and then the boring bar is subjected to centering treatment, so that the center line of the boring bar and the steel structure to be bored are ensured to be in a concentric state, and the concentricity tolerance requirement can be met after the shaft hole of the stern shaft is processed. When the shaft hole of the ship is processed, the boring bar is generally in a horizontal and straight state, and a certain deformation sinking amount is generated on the boring bar of the boring bar due to the influence of gravity and mechanical deflection. Especially on large-scale boats, the shafting is longer, adopts traditional boring bar head and tail two fixed forms, and the distance between boring bar two fixed points is long, receives gravity influence, and boring bar deflection grow, and the sinking volume is out of tolerance (is higher or lower), can't satisfy construction precision requirement. In order to eliminate the out-of-tolerance boring bar sinking amount, boring bar positioning and sinking amount compensation are carried out in a mode of adding a fixed fulcrum in the middle of the boring bar so as to meet boring construction requirements.
With the increase of the length of the boring bar and the increase of the middle supporting point, the detection of the sinking amount of each point of the boring bar by adopting the traditional inside micrometer is very complicated, the accuracy is greatly reduced, and the requirements of the detection and the compensation adjustment of the sinking amount of the boring bar with multiple fulcrums cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for a marine multi-pivot boring bar, which is used for measuring the sinking amount of each point on the boring bar through a laser signal instrument, compensating and adjusting the detected sinking amount through adjusting the positions and the heights of the head, tail and middle supports of the boring bar, repeatedly measuring and adjusting to finally achieve the purpose of counteracting out-of-tolerance sinking amount of boring bar deflection production, ensuring the straightness of the boring bar and meeting the shafting machining precision requirement.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for the marine multi-pivot boring bar comprises the following steps:
s1, penetrating a boring bar into a stern tube, and fixing a head fixing bracket and a tail fixing bracket of the boring bar and a hull into a whole, wherein a middle support bracket is arranged in the stern tube;
s2, measuring the distance between the boring bars and the stern shaft tubes at the positions of the boring bar fixing brackets at the head end and the tail end by using a micrometer, adjusting the boring bars at the boring bar fixing brackets at the head end and the tail end to the center points of the two end surfaces of the stern shaft tubes by adjusting radial position adjusting bolts on the head end and the tail end of the stern shaft tubes, and taking the head end and the tail end fixing points as reference points selected by boring bar sinking amount detection, positioning and adjusting base points;
s3, fixing the signal emitter on a boring bar head or tail fixing bracket above the boring bar, so that the laser signal is directly emitted to the other end from the fixing end;
s4, respectively erecting the scales on the near end and the far end of the signal emitter on the boring bar, and respectively observing the readings of the signals at the two positions on the scales; the horizontal adjusting device on the signal emitter is adjusted to enable the readings of the two positions to be the same, so that the light signal rays are parallel to the theoretical center lines of the head end face and the tail end face of the boring bar;
s5, selecting a point near a fixed point near the boring bar tail as a sampling tail base point, selecting a point near a fixed point near the boring bar head as a sampling head base point, and respectively detecting the sinking amount of each section of the boring bar divided by the supporting point;
s6, adjusting the signal collector with the angle meter to a zero angle state, respectively continuously and horizontally moving in each section of the boring bar, observing and adjusting the height of the signal collector, and ensuring that the signal collector can receive signals when moving in each section according to the zero angle;
s7, starting a signal transmitter and a signal collector, respectively erecting the signal collector at a sampling head base point and a sampling tail base point, and collecting data of the sampling head base point and the sampling tail base point as baseline base point data under the zero angle condition;
s8, placing the signal collector in a section between the sampling initial base point and the first middle support bracket, enabling the signal collector to be kept at a zero angle, horizontally and unidirectionally moving along the boring bar shafting direction in the section, and collecting signals at all positions in the section so as to generate a sinking curve condition in the section; sequentially measuring the sinking data of other intervals in the mode;
and S9, after sampling is finished, respectively drawing a base line and a subsidence curve of each section on a data processing terminal by taking the data of the sampling head and tail base points as a reference, finishing the detection of natural subsidence data of the multi-fulcrum boring bar, making an out-of-tolerance subsidence compensation adjustment scheme of the middle support part based on the curve, carrying out axial adjustment and radial adjustment of the middle fulcrum, repeating S7 to S9, eliminating out-of-tolerance subsidence, and finishing the horizontal positioning and subsidence adjustment of the multi-fulcrum boring bar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method comprises the steps of detecting out-of-tolerance conditions of boring bars by using a laser signal instrument, erecting equipment such as a signal emitter, a signal collector and a scale on the upper surface of the horizontal boring bar, detecting out-of-tolerance boring bar sinking data of multiple fulcrums by using straightness data of each point on the upper surface of the boring bar collected on a data processing terminal, and adjusting the positions and the heights of all intermediate supports according to the data, wherein the out-of-tolerance boring bar sinking data is reflected in a mode of mounting patterns on the straightness curve on the upper surface of the boring bar, so that accurate boring bar sinking data is obtained, and by additionally arranging multiple supports in the middle of the boring bar, the natural sinking amount of the boring bar is reduced, and the out-of-tolerance boring bar sinking amount is compensated by using the advantages that the positions and the heights of the intermediate supports can be adjusted, thereby meeting the precision requirement of boring bar on horizontal boring construction of ship tail shaft tubes;
(2) The boring bar at the head and tail fulcrums is adjusted to a position concentric with the stern shaft tube through a micrometer, the boring bar is used as a base point of a theoretical base line for measuring the sinking amount, the erection levelness of the signal transmitter is corrected through a scale, so that the signal is coincident with or parallel to the theoretical base line, and the accuracy of data acquisition is ensured;
(3) The sinking data acquisition is carried out by sequentially and straightly moving the signal acquisition device in each interval divided by the head support and the tail support and the middle support, a sinking curve is generated, the axial position and the radial height of the middle support are determined and adjusted by comparing the sinking curve with the base point curve, the compensatory adjustment of the sinking of the boring bar is completed, the out-of-tolerance of the straightness of the boring bar is guaranteed to be eliminated, and the construction precision requirement is met.
Further, according to the trend change condition of each section of curve, when the first section of curve and the last section of curve are basically not out of tolerance, the middle section of curve is out of tolerance, an axial adjusting method is adopted, under the condition that the radial positions of the middle supports are unchanged, the out of tolerance of the middle section of curve is gradually eliminated by adjusting the axial positions of one or more middle supports, then S7 to S9 are repeated, and repeated measurement and adjustment are carried out until the out of tolerance is completely eliminated.
Further, when the multi-section curve is maximum in the middle fulcrum position, the position exceeding difference far away from the middle fulcrum is gradually reduced, the axial position is kept unchanged, one or more of the middle fulcrums are adjusted in the radial position to reduce the exceeding difference, then S7 to S9 are repeated, and repeated measurement and adjustment are carried out until the exceeding difference is completely eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of measuring the sinking amount of a boring bar of a boring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the A-A plane of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the B-B surface of FIG. 1;
marked in the figure as: 1. boring bar; 2. a stern tube; 3. a tail fixing bracket; 4. a header fixing bracket; 5. a middle support bracket; 6. an inside micrometer; 7. a signal transmitter; 8. a signal collector; 9. a ruler; 10. radial adjusting bolts of the fixed support; 11. and supporting the bracket adjusting bolt.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments for a full understanding of the objects, features and effects of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the method for detecting and compensating horizontal positioning and sinking of a boring bar of a marine multi-pivot boring bar provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, penetrating the boring bar 1 into the stern tube 2, fixing the head fixing bracket 4 and the tail fixing bracket 3 of the boring bar and the hull into a whole, and installing the middle support bracket 5 in the stern tube 2 for auxiliary support and fixing of the boring bar 1.
S2, measuring the distance between the boring bar 1 and the stern shaft tube 2 at the positions of the head fixing support 4 and the tail fixing support 3 of the boring bar 1 by using an inside micrometer 6, adjusting the boring bar 1 at the positions of the head fixing support and the tail fixing support of the stern shaft tube 2 to the center point of the head end face and the tail end face of the stern shaft tube 2 by adjusting the radial adjusting bolts 10 of the boring bar fixing supports at the head end and the tail end of the stern shaft tube 2, and taking the head end and the tail fixing points as reference points for detecting and positioning the sinking amount of the boring bar 1 and selecting the adjusting base points.
S3, fixing the signal emitter 7 on a certain height right above the boring bar 1 at any one end of the fixing brackets at the two ends of the boring bar, so that the laser signal can be directly emitted to the other end from the fixing end without being blocked by the middle support bracket 5 and other objects.
S4, erecting a scale 9 with scales on the near end and the far end of a signal emitter 7 on the boring bar 1 respectively, namely near the head fixing support 4 and the tail fixing support 3 of the boring bar, and observing the readings of signals at two positions on the scale 9 respectively. The horizontal adjusting device on the signal emitter 7 is adjusted to enable the readings of the two positions to be the same, so that the light signal rays are parallel to the theoretical center lines of the head end face and the tail end face of the boring bar.
S5, selecting sampling points in the sections of the head fixing support and the tail fixing support, selecting a point near the tail fixing point on the right side of the boring bar tail fixing support 3 of the boring bar 1 as a sampling tail base point, selecting a point near the head fixing point on the left side of the boring bar head fixing support 4 as a sampling head base point, and sequentially setting three sections of the boring bar 1 divided by all fulcrums as A, B, C sections for detecting the sinking condition of all the sections.
S6, keeping the signal collector 8 with the angle meter in a zero angle state, continuously and horizontally moving in three sections of the boring bar 1, observing and adjusting the height of the signal collector 8, and ensuring that the signal collector 8 can receive signals in the three sections according to the zero angle movement.
S7, starting the signal emitter 7 and the signal collector 8. First, the signal collector 8 is respectively erected at the first and the last base points of the sampling, and under the condition of keeping zero angle, the data of the first and the last base points are collected as the base line base point data.
S8, placing the signal collector 8 in a section C between the sampling initial base point and the first middle support, keeping the signal collector 8 horizontally and unidirectionally moving along the axial direction of the boring bar 1 in the section at a zero angle, and collecting signals at all positions in the section so as to generate a subsidence curve condition in the section. Then, in this way, the dip data of the remaining B, A sections were measured sequentially.
And S9, after sampling is finished, respectively drawing a base line and a sinking curve of each section of interval A, B, C on the data processing terminal by taking the data of the sampling head base point and the sampling tail base point as the reference, and finishing the detection of the natural sinking data of the multi-fulcrum boring bar 1. And respectively comparing the trends of the measured sinking amount curves in each section by taking the data curves of the sampling head base points and the sampling tail base points as base lines, and making an out-of-tolerance sinking amount compensation adjustment scheme at the middle support.
According to the trend of the three sections of curves, axial adjustment and radial adjustment of the two middle fulcra are carried out.
The axial adjustment method is as follows: according to the trend change condition of each section of curve, if the first section of curve, the middle section of curve and the last section of curve are basically not out of tolerance, only the middle section of curve is out of tolerance (higher or lower), an axial adjustment method is adopted, namely, under the condition that the radial positions of the two middle support brackets 5 are unchanged, the axial positions are changed by adjusting one or more middle support bracket adjusting bolts 11, the out of tolerance of the middle section of curve is gradually eliminated, and then the steps S7 to S9 are repeated, and repeated measurement and adjustment are carried out until the out of tolerance is completely eliminated.
The radial adjustment method comprises the following steps: if the three-section curve is the largest in the middle fulcrum position and the position deviation away from the middle fulcrum is gradually reduced, the axial position is kept unchanged, one or two support bracket adjusting bolts 11 in the middle fulcrum are optionally adjusted in radial position according to the situation, the out-of-tolerance is reduced, and then the steps S7 to S9 are repeated, and repeated measurement and adjustment are carried out until the out-of-tolerance is completely eliminated.
The axial adjustment and the radial adjustment method can be comprehensively used for the actual state, and various out-of-tolerance subsidence amounts are eliminated by repeating the steps S7 to S9, so that the horizontal positioning and the subsidence amount adjustment of the multi-pivot boring bar are completed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above list is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is understood that those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations thereto, and it is intended that the present invention be construed as the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for the marine multi-pivot boring bar is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, penetrating a boring bar into a stern tube, and fixing a head fixing bracket and a tail fixing bracket of the boring bar and a hull into a whole, wherein a middle support bracket is arranged in the stern tube;
s2, measuring the distance between the boring bars and the stern shaft tubes at the positions of the boring bar fixing brackets at the head end and the tail end by using a micrometer, adjusting the boring bars at the boring bar fixing brackets at the head end and the tail end to the center points of the two end surfaces of the stern shaft tubes by adjusting radial position adjusting bolts on the head end and the tail end of the stern shaft tube, and taking the head end and the tail fixed point as a reference point selected by the boring bar sinking amount detection, positioning and adjustment base points;
s3, fixing the signal emitter on a boring bar head or tail fixing bracket above the boring bar, so that the laser signal is directly emitted to the other end from the fixing end;
s4, respectively erecting the scales on the near end and the far end of the signal emitter on the boring bar, and respectively observing the readings of the signals at the two positions on the scales; the horizontal adjusting device on the signal emitter is adjusted to enable the readings of the two positions to be the same, so that the light signal rays are parallel to the theoretical center lines of the head end face and the tail end face of the boring bar;
s5, selecting a point near a fixed point of the boring bar tail as a sampling tail base point in a region between the head fixing bracket and the tail fixing bracket, selecting a point near the fixed point of the boring bar head as a sampling head base point, and respectively detecting the sinking amount of each section divided by a fulcrum on the boring bar;
s6, adjusting the signal collector with the angle meter to a zero angle state, respectively continuously and horizontally moving in each section of the boring bar, observing and adjusting the height of the signal collector, and ensuring that the signal collector can receive signals when moving in each section according to the zero angle;
s7, starting a signal transmitter and a signal collector, respectively erecting the signal collector at a sampling head base point and a sampling tail base point, and collecting data of the sampling head base point and the sampling tail base point as baseline base point data under the zero angle condition;
s8, placing the signal collector in a section between the sampling initial base point and the first middle support bracket, enabling the signal collector to be kept at a zero angle, horizontally and unidirectionally moving along the boring bar shafting direction in the section, and collecting signals at all positions in the section so as to generate a sinking curve condition in the section; sequentially measuring the sinking data of other intervals in the mode;
and S9, after sampling is finished, respectively drawing a base line and a subsidence curve of each section on a data processing terminal by taking the data of the sampling head base point and the sampling tail base point as references, finishing the detection of natural subsidence data of the multi-fulcrum boring bar, making an out-of-tolerance subsidence compensation adjustment scheme of the middle support part based on the curve, carrying out axial adjustment and radial adjustment of the middle support point, repeating S7 to S9, eliminating the out-of-tolerance subsidence, and finishing the horizontal positioning and subsidence adjustment of the multi-fulcrum boring bar.
2. The method for detecting and compensating horizontal positioning and sinking of a marine multi-pivot boring bar according to claim 1, wherein according to the trend change condition of each section of curve, when the first section of curve and the last section of curve are basically not out of tolerance, the middle section of curve is out of tolerance, an axial adjusting method is adopted, under the condition that the radial position of the middle support is unchanged, the out of tolerance of the middle section of curve is gradually eliminated by adjusting the axial position of one or more middle supports, then S7 to S9 are repeated, and repeated measurement and adjustment are carried out until the out of tolerance is completely eliminated.
3. The method for detecting and compensating horizontal positioning and sinking of a boring bar of a marine multi-pivot boring machine according to claim 1, wherein when the multi-section curve has maximum deviation in the middle pivot point position and gradually decreases in the position away from the middle pivot point, the axial position is kept unchanged, one or more of the middle pivot points is adjusted in the radial position to reduce the deviation, and then S7 to S9 are repeated, and repeated measurement and adjustment are performed until the deviation is completely eliminated.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111236470.4A CN113798916B (en) | 2021-10-23 | 2021-10-23 | Horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for marine multi-fulcrum boring bar |
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| CN202111236470.4A CN113798916B (en) | 2021-10-23 | 2021-10-23 | Horizontal positioning and sinking amount detection compensation method for marine multi-fulcrum boring bar |
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| CN113798916A CN113798916A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
| CN113798916B true CN113798916B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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2021
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| CN113798916A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240105 Address after: 300450 Tianjin Binhai New Area Lingang Economic Zone Yellow River Road 2999-3 Patentee after: China Shipbuilding (Tianjin) Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd. Address before: 125000 Huludao City, Liaoning province Longgang District Jinhu Road No. 132 Patentee before: BOHAI Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd. |