CN110849298A - Installation detection and error analysis method for guide rail - Google Patents
Installation detection and error analysis method for guide rail Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110849298A CN110849298A CN201911079836.4A CN201911079836A CN110849298A CN 110849298 A CN110849298 A CN 110849298A CN 201911079836 A CN201911079836 A CN 201911079836A CN 110849298 A CN110849298 A CN 110849298A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- guide rail
- plane
- measuring
- guide
- measurement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
- G01B11/303—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces using photoelectric detection means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/017—Arrangements of ways
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for installing, detecting and analyzing errors of a guide rail, which comprises the following steps: (1) measuring the reference manufacturing and marking of the measuring points; (2) solving the spatial relationship between the actual plane and the theoretical plane; (3) establishing a guide rail space model; (4) analyzing the error of the straightness of the guide rail; (5) analyzing errors of the planeness and verticality of the guide rail; (6) controlling the installation process of the guide rail; (7) adjusting a guide rail; (8) the height of the guide rails, the space between the guide rails and the center of the guide rail channel are positioned. The invention has reasonable concept, can meet the installation detection requirement of the guide rail and the requirement of field installation adjustment, and has strong operability and higher efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of installation and detection of guide rails, in particular to an installation and detection and error analysis method of a guide rail.
Background
The large, super-long and space guide rail is widely used in large-scale experimental equipment and transportation equipment, and is characterized in that: the guide rail has the advantages of large section, large dead weight, complex spatial relationship, high installation precision and the like, so the installation precision of the guide rail is an important guarantee for ensuring the continuous and stable operation of equipment. The prior art mainly aims at the installation and measurement method of the long and thin guide rail and the small guide rail, and the installation of the large guide rail is blank temporarily.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the invention provides the method for the installation detection and the error analysis of the guide rail, which has reasonable concept, strong operability and higher efficiency, can meet the installation detection requirement and the field installation adjustment requirement of the guide rail.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following steps: (1) marking of guide rail measurement datum manufacturing and measurement points; (2) solving the spatial relationship between the actual plane and the theoretical plane of the guide rail; (3) establishing a guide rail space model; (4) analyzing the error of the straightness of the guide rail; (5) analyzing errors of the planeness and verticality of the guide rail; (6) controlling the installation process of the guide rail; (7) adjusting a guide rail; (8) the height of the guide rails, the space between the guide rails and the center of the guide rail channel are positioned.
The method for the installation detection and the error analysis of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (1): firstly, machining the top surface of the whole guide rail, then machining the periphery of each section of guide rail, and after machining is finished, carving the center line of the guide rail on the top surface of the guide rail and drilling a positioning target seat mounting hole; then, measuring points are taken from the positioning central line of each section of guide rail to analyze the straightness and perform straight line fitting on the coordinates of the measuring points taken from the guide rail; and then taking a positioning target mounting point on each section of guide rail and carrying out plane fitting on the positioning target mounting point on the guide rail.
The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (2): firstly, measuring coordinates of measuring points of all guide rails by using a high-precision measuring instrument, importing coordinate data into a self-construction program for operation, and outputting adjustment displacements of the measuring points of all guide rails; then fitting the actual plane of the guide rail according to a least square method to obtain a plane normal vector P1(a, B, C); normal vector of theoretical plane is P2Solving for (D, E, F) yields:
spatial angle of plane
Angle theta of guide rail around x-axisX＝arctan(F-C)/(E-B))；
Angle theta of guide rail around y-axisY＝arctan(F-C)/(D-A))；
α thetaX、θYIs the spatial relationship between the actual plane and the theoretical plane.
The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (3): and fitting the measuring points of all guide rails to a plane by adopting a least square method to establish a space model of the guide rails, simultaneously moving a measuring coordinate system to the central position of the bottom guide rail of the short guide rail to be used as the origin of coordinates of a new coordinate system, and establishing the theoretical plane space position of the guide rail under the new coordinate system.
The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (4): the guide rail is sequentially installed according to sections from left to right, after the first section of guide rail at the left end is installed, the longitudinal deviation of two measurement points at the head end and the tail end of the guide rail is measured, then the second section of guide rail at the left end is laid, and then the longitudinal deviation of the two measurement points at the tail end of the first section of guide rail and the head end of the second section of guide rail is measured.
The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (5): firstly, sequentially carrying out plane fitting on the mounting points of the positioning targets on the guide rail and solving the distance between the points and a theoretical plane, and for the over-high and over-low points which do not meet the flatness requirement, adjusting the levelness of the guide rail through an adjusting bolt at the bottom of the guide rail of the section, and finally measuring the points which meet the local flatness requirement of the guide rail; secondly, performing flatness fitting on the whole positioning target mounting point on the guide rail, and repeatedly adjusting the slab staggering among the measuring guide rails for the points which do not conform to the flatness, and finally adjusting to meet the requirement of the whole flatness of the guide rail; then respectively taking point measurement on the working surfaces of the bottom guide rail and the side guide rail of the adjusted guide rail, and respectively fitting the working surface planes of the bottom guide rail and the side guide rail of the guide rail through a computer; and finally, controlling the verticality of the side guide rail and the bottom guide rail by respectively measuring the included angle between the bottom guide rail working face plane and the side guide rail working face plane of the guide rail.
The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (6):
① Primary installation in-place measurement control
Sequentially hoisting, positioning and detecting all guide rail parts according to an installation layout drawing, and preliminarily aligning and aligning the guide rails according to a reference to realize positioning of the guide rails;
② guide rail coarse measurement control
After the guide rail is hoisted in place, the rough adjustment measurement control of the guide rail is carried out, namely, a leveling instrument is used for measuring the elevation of the working surface of the guide rail, the flatness of the working surface of the guide rail is adjusted, the elevation and the flatness of the working surface of the guide rail are controlled within the range of 1mm, then, the coordinates of longitudinal and transverse datum lines and positioning holes on all the guide rails are measured through a total station to carry out positioning measurement on X, Y axial coordinates of the guide rail, and all the guide rails can be positioned within the range of 1mm of;
③ the precise laser tracking measuring instrument is used to control the precise measurement of the guide rail, that is, the precise laser tracking measuring instrument is used to measure and fit the plane to the sampling points of all guide rails, and the measurement is repeatedly adjusted until the precision requirement is satisfied.
The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (7): the guide rail adjusting device is installed on the guide rail before the guide rail is hoisted, the guide rail adjusting device is respectively arranged between the two ends of each section of guide rail and the beam, and after all the guide rail adjusting devices are installed in place, the adjusting positions of the guide rail adjusting devices are locked and fixed by adopting a dead stop iron.
The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail comprises the following specific processes in the step (8): the measurement of the installation distance of the guide rail can be converted into the measurement of the distance between the entity elements, namely the distance between surfaces and the distance between lines; measuring two entity elements for each group of distance by using a laser tracker, taking point measurement, fitting a plane by using a computer, and reading the flatness and the distance between the planes of the two planes; if the requirements are not met, fine adjustment is carried out through an adjusting device.
Has the advantages that:
the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail has reasonable conception, can meet the installation detection requirement of the guide rail and the requirement of field installation adjustment, and has strong operability and higher efficiency; the common transportation guide rail has low precision requirement and small section, while the common machine tool guide rail is small as a whole and cannot meet the installation and detection requirements of large-scale, high-precision and multi-section guide rails; the invention can truly reflect the scheme of the space state of the guide rail, establishes a deviation analysis method for solving the actual state and the theoretical state of the guide rail and an error analysis method for the straightness, the planeness and the verticality of the guide rail, and meets the installation and detection requirements of the guide rail.
The method establishes the guide rail reference in the manufacturing stage, truly reflects the actual state of the guide rail through measurement, and fits all guide rail planes through a self-establishing program according to the measured data, so that the deviation between the actual state and the theoretical state of the guide rail is analyzed, and the method is visual and efficient.
The invention adopts a positioning target and the like to position straightness, planeness, verticality and spatial distance; the data acquisition can be realized, the data monitoring source for realizing installation and adjustment is also realized, and the requirements of data acquisition and guide rail adjustment are met; and a least square method is adopted to fit a theoretical state and an actual state, whether the planeness, the straightness and the verticality meet the requirements or not is judged, the adjustment quantity required by the guide rail is calculated, the requirement on the installation precision of the guide rail is met, and the data processing speed is high.
The precision control of the guide rail installation process comprises the steps of initial adjustment, rough adjustment, fine adjustment and the like, the guide rail adjustment adjusts the displacement of the guide rail through the bottom or side guide rail adjusting device, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the spatial arrangement of guide rails in the installation detection and error analysis method of guide rails of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the spatial arrangement of the guide rails involved in the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rails of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a guide rail reference involved in the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the guide rail measurement points involved in the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a self-contained process involved in the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of measurement sampling points and fitting involved in the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the guide rail adjusting device and the guide rail involved in the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the guide rail adjusting device and the side guide rail involved in the installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the installation of the guide rail adjusting device and the bottom guide rail in the method for detecting the installation of the guide rail and analyzing the error of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for installing, detecting and analyzing errors of a guide rail, wherein the guide rail is a large, overlong and spatial guide rail; establishing a guide rail space model, namely establishing various installation benchmarks in a processing stage, taking the benchmarks as dynamic observation points adjusted in an installation process, wherein the installation benchmarks comprise datum planes, datum holes, a target bracket and the like; secondly, the measuring equipment needs to meet the requirement of installation precision. The actual state of the guide rail is obtained by measuring the various installation references, the guide rails are fitted one by adopting a least square method, and the fitting is compared with the theoretical state to determine whether the straightness, the planeness and the verticality meet the requirements or not.
As shown in fig. 1, the guide rails are composed of two long and short groups of guide rails, wherein the group a of guide rails is short, wherein the group a1 and the group a2 are side guide rails, and the group A3 and the group a4 are bottom guide rails; the group B of guide rails are long, the group B1 and the group B2 are side guide rails, and the group B3 and the group B4 are bottom guide rails. The longest guide rail related to the invention is 52.45 meters; the maximum outer contour spacing in the inner width direction of the two channels is 24.294 m; fig. 2 gives a floor plan of the guide rail.
TABLE 1 guide design accuracy Standard and tolerance
The invention relates to a method for installing, detecting and analyzing errors of a guide rail, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) marking of guide rail measuring reference manufacturing and measuring points
The side rails are made similar to the bottom rail, as shown in fig. 3, and now only a4 section of bottom rail is taken as an example, a4 section of bottom rail is composed of four segments; firstly, machining the top surface 1 of an upper cover plate of a bottom guide rail by adopting an integral machine, wherein the machining precision is +/-0.1 mm/6m, and the periphery of each section of bottom guide rail is machined for convenient measurement and positioning; then, after the bottom guide rail is processed, a positioning center line 3 is engraved on the top surface of the bottom guide rail, and a positioning target seat surface mounting hole 2 is drilled; then, at least 8 points are taken from each section of bottom guide rail for measurement (32 bottom guide rails in the A4 section), as shown in FIG. 4, wherein the measurement points Z1-Z8 positioned on the upper cover plate of the guide rail are positioned on the positioning center line 3 and used for analyzing the straightness and performing straight line fitting on the coordinates of the measurement points Z1-Z8, and the requirement of the straightness is met; sequentially taking positioning target mounting points D1-D6, D7-D12, D13-D18 and D19-D24 from the two ends and the middle of the four sections of bottom guide rails of the section A4, and carrying out plane fitting on the positioning target mounting points D1-D24 taken from the section A4 of the bottom guide rails; the positioning target mounting points D1-D2, D5-D8, D11-D13, D17-D20 and D23-D24 in the step 4 (at the positioning target, the precision of repeated measurement and adjustment reset must be guaranteed, when other measuring points are repeatedly measured, a target ball is placed on the surface of an upper cover plate of the guide rail, the position is allowed to have deviation (within 20 mm) for mounting the positioning target, the dynamic monitoring points are dynamic monitoring points during mounting and adjustment, the positioning and mounting requirements of the guide rail are met, other measuring points are configured by referring to the step 3, the influence of the machining precision is not considered in mounting due to the fact that the machining precision is far larger than the mounting precision, and the selection method of the other bottom guide rails and the side guide rail measuring points is similar to that of the bottom guide rail of the section A4.
(2) Solving the spatial relationship between the actual plane and the theoretical plane of the guide rail
Measuring the coordinates of all guide rail measuring points by using a high-precision measuring instrument, importing coordinate data into a self-building program (written by adopting software such as VC + +, VB and matlab, and written by using matlab.) for operation, and outputting the adjustment displacement of all guide rail measuring points; fitting the actual plane of the guide rail according to a least square method to obtain a normal vector of the plane
(ii) a Normal vector of theoretical plane is
And solving to obtain:
spatial angle of plane
；
Angle of guide rail around x-axis
；
Angle of guide rail around y axis
；
Then
The space relation between the actual plane and the theoretical plane is obtained;
as shown in fig. 5, the operation flow of the self-building program is as follows:
① summarizing the measured data, placing the summarized measured data in a file path specified by a program, and running a self-programming program;
② converting coordinate system and establishing new origin, namely, moving the measured data from the origin of the coordinate system to the center of the rectangle formed by the upper surfaces of the guide rail A3 and the guide rail A4 by a mathematical method;
③, according to the final design and installation drawing size, establishing theoretical coordinates of the measuring point position by taking the newly-built original point as a coordinate system;
④ fitting the measurement points of the planes in the guide rails A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3 and B4 respectively, and comparing the fitted planes with the planes of theoretical coordinate fitting, wherein the relationship between the planes should meet the requirements in Table 1;
⑤ if a plane does not meet the requirement given in Table 1 in step ④, the position of the measurement point (output measurement point mark) that does not meet the requirement and the displacement, angle and direction that meet the requirement of the position will be output at the program terminal;
⑥ adjust the position of the guide rail according to the data given in step ⑤ and then re-measure, and then repeat the steps ① - ⑤ until qualified.
(3) Establishment of guide rail space model
The measurement points of all the guide rails are respectively fitted with a plane by adopting a least square method to establish a space model of the guide rails shown in fig. 6, meanwhile, a measurement coordinate system is moved to the central position of the bottom guide rail of the short guide rail (a group of guide rails) to be used as the origin of coordinates of a new coordinate system, and the theoretical plane space position of the guide rails is established under the new coordinate system.
(4) Error analysis of guide rail straightness
As shown in fig. 4, taking a section a4 of bottom guide rails as an example, Z1-Z8 are located on a positioning center line, the bottom guide rails are sequentially installed from left to right according to sections, after a first section at the left end is installed, longitudinal deviation between a point Z1 at the head and a point at the tail of the section of bottom guide rail and a point Z2 at the Z2 is measured, and should be less than 1mm, then a second section of guide rail at the left end is laid, and longitudinal deviation between a point Z2 at the tail end of the first section of guide rail and a point Z3 at the head end of the second section of guide rail; by the method, after all the sections of the A4 section bottom guide rail are sequentially installed in an analogized way, straight line fitting is carried out on the coordinates of the measuring points Z1-Z8 of the whole A4 section bottom guide rail through a computer, the measuring points with large deviation are measured after being readjusted through the adjusting mechanism in the figure 7, and the straightness of the whole A4 section bottom guide rail is ensured to meet the requirement; the straightness error analysis of the remaining rails a1, a2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4 was carried out with reference to this method.
(5) Error analysis of guide rail flatness and verticality
As shown in fig. 4, taking the section a4 of bottom rail as an example, the section a4 of bottom rail is composed of four-segment bottom rail;
and (3) flatness error analysis: respectively sequentially performing plane fitting (according to the left-to-right installation sequence of the sections) on positioning target installation points D1-D6, D7-D12, D13-D18 and D19-D24 taken on the section A4 bottom guide rail, solving the distance from a point to a theoretical plane, adjusting the levelness of the section A4 bottom guide rail through an adjusting bolt at the bottom of the section bottom guide rail for the excessively high and excessively low points which do not meet the flatness requirement, and finally measuring that the local flatness requirement of the guide rail is met;
secondly, performing flatness fitting on the whole positioning target mounting points D1-D24 taken on the section A4 bottom guide rail, repeatedly adjusting and measuring the slab staggering among the section A4 bottom guide rails for the points which do not accord with the flatness, and finally adjusting to meet the requirement of the whole flatness of the guide rails; the flatness error analysis of the remaining guide rails a1, a2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4 was carried out with reference to this method.
Then, taking a point on the working surface of the adjusted A4 section bottom guide rail for measurement, and fitting a horizontal plane of the bottom guide rail through a computer; referring to the measuring point taking method, the straightness error analysis method and the flatness measuring method of the A4 section bottom guide rail, after straightness and flatness error analysis is carried out on the A1 section side guide rail, a computer is used for fitting the working surface plane of the A1 section side guide rail; finally, the verticality of the A4 section of bottom guide rail and the A1 section of side guide rail is controlled by measuring the included angle between the horizontal plane of the A4 section of bottom guide rail and the working surface plane of the A1 section of side guide rail; and the perpendicularity error analysis of the other bottom guide rails and the side guide rails is carried out by referring to the method.
(6) Guide rail installation process control
① Primary installation in-place measurement control
Orderly hoisting, positioning and detecting all guide rail parts according to an installation layout drawing, and preliminarily aligning and aligning the guide rails according to a reference by using conventional tools and methods such as an alignment reference line, a plumb bob, a flat ruler distance measurement, an angle ruler measurement and control verticality, a level meter leveling and the like so as to position the guide rails;
② guide rail coarse measurement control
After the guide rail is hoisted in place, using conventional measuring instruments such as a total station instrument, a level instrument and the like to perform coarse adjustment measurement control on the guide rail; specifically, a leveling instrument is used for measuring the elevation of the working surface of the guide rail (the elevation control point of an installation site is used as a measurement control reference), the flatness of the working surface of the guide rail is adjusted, and the elevation and the flatness of the working surface of the guide rail are controlled within the range of 1 mm; measuring the coordinates of longitudinal and transverse datum lines and positioning holes on all guide rails through a total station, and performing positioning measurement on the X, Y axis coordinates of the guide rails, so that all guide rails can be positioned within the range of 1mm of theoretical position precision;
③, the guide rail is precisely measured and controlled by a precise laser tracking measuring instrument (API), the precise laser tracking measuring instrument has a precise measuring function, the measuring precision of the precise laser tracking measuring instrument is +/-5 ppm within the range of 60 meters, the measuring points of all the guide rails are measured by the precise laser tracking measuring instrument, a plane is fitted, and the measurement is repeatedly adjusted until the precision requirement is met.
(7) Guide rail adjustment
Before the guide rail is hoisted, the guide rail adjusting devices are arranged on the guide rail, the number and the position of each group of guide rail adjusting devices are shown in figure 7, and each section of guide rail is provided with three groups of guide rail adjusting devices which are respectively positioned between two ends and a beam; after all the guide rail adjusting devices are installed in place, the adjusting positions of the guide rail adjusting devices are locked and fixed by adopting a dead stop iron.
(8) Guide rail height, guide rail interval and guide rail channel center positioning
The measurement of the installation distance of the guide rail can be converted into the measurement of the distance between the entity elements (namely the measurement of the distance between surfaces and the measurement of the distance between lines); measuring two entity elements for each group of distance by using a precise laser tracking measuring instrument, taking point measurement, and reading the respective planeness and the distance between two planes by fitting the planes through a computer; if the requirements are not met, fine adjustment is performed by the guide rail adjustment device shown in fig. 7.
As shown in fig. 7, the guide rail adjusting apparatus 1 includes an adjusting base plate 11, an adjusting screw 12 fixed to the adjusting base plate 11, and an adjusting nut 13 mounted on the adjusting screw 12.
As shown in fig. 8, the method for installing the rail adjusting device on the side rail includes:
installing a group of guide rail adjusting devices every 2-2.5 meters along the length direction of the side surface and the bottom surface of the side guide rail; the guide rail adjusting device arranged on the side surface of the side guide rail is characterized in that an adjusting bottom plate 11 is fixed on the side surface of a guide rail support frame 2, adjusting screws 12 penetrate through the side surface of the side guide rail, adjusting nuts 13 are respectively arranged on the adjusting screws 12 penetrating through the side surface of the side guide rail, the distance between the side surface of the side guide rail and the adjusting bottom plate 11 is adjusted in real time by adjusting the adjusting nuts 13, and after the adjustment is finished, an adjusting part of the guide rail adjusting device is welded and fixed by using a dead stop iron; the guide rail adjusting device is installed on the bottom surface of a side guide rail, and specifically comprises the steps that an adjusting bottom plate 11 is fixed on the horizontal plane of a guide rail supporting frame 2, adjusting screws 12 penetrate through the bottom surface of the side guide rail, adjusting nuts 13 are installed on the adjusting screws 12 penetrating through the bottom surface of the side guide rail respectively, the distance between the bottom surface of the side guide rail and the adjusting bottom plate 11 is adjusted in real time through adjusting the adjusting nuts 13, and after the adjustment is completed, the adjusting part of the guide rail adjusting device is welded and fixed through a dead stop iron.
As shown in fig. 9, the method for installing the rail adjusting device on the bottom rail includes:
a group of guide rail adjusting devices are installed on the bottom surface of the bottom guide rail every 2-2.5 meters along the length direction, specifically, the bottom plate 1 is welded on the horizontal plane of a guide rail supporting frame 2, an adjusting screw 12 penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom guide rail, adjusting nuts 13 are installed on the adjusting screw 12 penetrating through the bottom surface of the bottom guide rail respectively, the distance from the bottom surface of the bottom guide rail to the bottom plate 1 is adjusted in real time through adjusting the adjusting nuts 13, and after the adjustment is completed, the adjusting parts of the guide rail adjusting devices are welded and fixed through dead stop iron.
The invention can meet the installation detection requirement of the guide rail and the requirement of field installation adjustment, and has strong operability and higher efficiency.
Claims (9)
1. A method for installing, detecting and analyzing errors of a guide rail is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) marking of guide rail measurement datum manufacturing and measurement points;
(2) solving the spatial relationship between the actual plane and the theoretical plane of the guide rail;
(3) establishing a guide rail space model;
(4) analyzing the error of the straightness of the guide rail;
(5) analyzing errors of the planeness and verticality of the guide rail;
(6) controlling the installation process of the guide rail;
(7) adjusting a guide rail;
(8) the height of the guide rails, the space between the guide rails and the center of the guide rail channel are positioned.
2. The method for detecting installation and analyzing errors of guide rails according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (1) is as follows: firstly, machining the top surface of the whole guide rail, then machining the periphery of each section of guide rail, and after machining is finished, carving the center line of the guide rail on the top surface of the guide rail and drilling a positioning target seat mounting hole; then, measuring points are taken from the positioning central line of each section of guide rail to analyze the straightness and perform straight line fitting on the coordinates of the measuring points taken from the guide rail; and then taking a positioning target mounting point on each section of guide rail and carrying out plane fitting on the positioning target mounting point on the guide rail.
3. The method for detecting installation and analyzing errors of guide rails according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (2) is as follows: firstly, measuring coordinates of measuring points of all guide rails by using a high-precision measuring instrument, importing coordinate data into a self-building program for operation, and outputting adjustment displacements of the measuring points of all guide rails; then fitting the actual plane of the guide rail according to a least square method to obtain a plane normal vector P1(a, B, C); normal vector of theoretical plane is P2Solving for (D, E, F) yields:
spatial angle of plane
Angle theta of guide rail around x-axisX＝arctan(F-C)/(E-B))；
Angle theta of guide rail around y-axisY＝arctan(F-C)/(D-A))；
α thetaX、θYIs the spatial relationship between the actual plane and the theoretical plane.
4. The method for detecting installation and analyzing errors of guide rails according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (3) is as follows: and fitting the measuring points of all guide rails to a plane by adopting a least square method to establish a space model of the guide rails, simultaneously moving a measuring coordinate system to the central position of the bottom guide rail of the short guide rail to be used as the origin of coordinates of a new coordinate system, and establishing the theoretical plane space position of the guide rail under the new coordinate system.
5. The method for detecting installation and analyzing errors of guide rails according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (4) is as follows: the guide rail is sequentially installed according to sections from left to right, after the first section of guide rail at the left end is installed, the longitudinal deviation of two measurement points at the head end and the tail end of the guide rail is measured, then the second section of guide rail at the left end is laid, and then the longitudinal deviation of the two measurement points at the tail end of the first section of guide rail and the head end of the second section of guide rail is measured.
6. The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (5) is as follows: firstly, sequentially carrying out plane fitting on the mounting points of the positioning targets on the guide rail and solving the distance between the points and a theoretical plane, and for the over-high and over-low points which do not meet the flatness requirement, adjusting the levelness of the guide rail through an adjusting bolt at the bottom of the guide rail of the section, and finally measuring the points which meet the local flatness requirement of the guide rail; secondly, performing flatness fitting on the whole positioning target mounting point on the guide rail, and repeatedly adjusting the slab staggering among the measuring guide rails for the points which do not conform to the flatness, and finally adjusting to meet the requirement of the whole flatness of the guide rail; then respectively taking point measurement on the working surfaces of the bottom guide rail and the side guide rail of the adjusted guide rail, and respectively fitting the working surface planes of the bottom guide rail and the side guide rail of the guide rail through a computer; and finally, controlling the verticality of the side guide rail and the bottom guide rail by respectively measuring the included angle between the bottom guide rail working face plane and the side guide rail working face plane of the guide rail.
7. The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (6) is as follows:
① Primary installation in-place measurement control
Sequentially hoisting, positioning and detecting all guide rail parts according to an installation layout drawing, and preliminarily aligning and aligning the guide rails according to a reference to realize positioning of the guide rails;
② guide rail coarse measurement control
After the guide rail is hoisted in place, the rough adjustment measurement control of the guide rail is carried out, namely, a leveling instrument is used for measuring the elevation of the working surface of the guide rail, the flatness of the working surface of the guide rail is adjusted, the elevation and the flatness of the working surface of the guide rail are controlled within the range of 1mm, then, the coordinates of longitudinal and transverse datum lines and positioning holes on all the guide rails are measured through a total station to carry out positioning measurement on X, Y axial coordinates of the guide rail, and all the guide rails can be positioned within the range of 1mm of;
③ the precise laser tracking measuring instrument is used to control the precise measurement of the guide rail, that is, the precise laser tracking measuring instrument is used to measure and fit the plane to the sampling points of all guide rails, and the measurement is repeatedly adjusted until the precision requirement is satisfied.
8. The installation detection and error analysis method of the guide rail according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (7) is as follows: the guide rail adjusting device is installed on the guide rail before the guide rail is hoisted, the guide rail adjusting device is respectively arranged between the two ends of each section of guide rail and the beam, and after all the guide rail adjusting devices are installed in place, the adjusting positions of the guide rail adjusting devices are locked and fixed by adopting a dead stop iron.
9. The installation detection and error analysis method of guide rail according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step (8) is as follows: the measurement of the installation distance of the guide rail can be converted into the measurement of the distance between the entity elements, namely the distance between surfaces and the distance between lines; measuring two entity elements for each group of distance by using a laser tracker, taking point measurement, fitting a plane by using a computer, and reading the flatness and the distance between the planes of the two planes; if the requirements are not met, fine adjustment is carried out through an adjusting device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911079836.4A CN110849298B (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Installation detection and error analysis method for guide rail |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911079836.4A CN110849298B (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Installation detection and error analysis method for guide rail |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110849298A true CN110849298A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
| CN110849298B CN110849298B (en) | 2021-05-25 |
Family
ID=69598497
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911079836.4A Active CN110849298B (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Installation detection and error analysis method for guide rail |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110849298B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111974960A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-24 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Integral installation method for replacing guide rail of segmented fan-shaped section of continuous casting machine |
| CN113752224A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-07 | 英特尔产品（成都）有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting levelness of wafer table |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103017690A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for measuring straightness of super-long guide rail |
| US20160276191A1 (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-22 | Daifuku Co., Ltd. | Article Transport Facility and Inspection Unit |
| CN110045752A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-23 | 上海电气泰雷兹交通自动化系统有限公司 | Aerial position self-checking device and method |
| CN110142300A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-20 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | A kind of cold rolling vertical type loop orbit geometry parameter detection method |
| CN108801193B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-05-05 | 大连民族大学 | Error and variation rule-based error measurement method for three-coordinate measuring machine |
-
2019
- 2019-11-07 CN CN201911079836.4A patent/CN110849298B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103017690A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for measuring straightness of super-long guide rail |
| US20160276191A1 (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-22 | Daifuku Co., Ltd. | Article Transport Facility and Inspection Unit |
| CN108801193B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-05-05 | 大连民族大学 | Error and variation rule-based error measurement method for three-coordinate measuring machine |
| CN110142300A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-20 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | A kind of cold rolling vertical type loop orbit geometry parameter detection method |
| CN110045752A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-23 | 上海电气泰雷兹交通自动化系统有限公司 | Aerial position self-checking device and method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111974960A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-24 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Integral installation method for replacing guide rail of segmented fan-shaped section of continuous casting machine |
| CN113752224A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-07 | 英特尔产品（成都）有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting levelness of wafer table |
| CN113752224B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-01-06 | 英特尔产品（成都）有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting levelness of wafer table |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110849298B (en) | 2021-05-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103292748B (en) | A kind of split of many substrates based on laser measurement detection method | |
| CN110849298B (en) | Installation detection and error analysis method for guide rail | |
| CN109029293A (en) | A kind of line scanning feeler position and attitude error scaling method in blade face type detection | |
| CN106197262A (en) | A kind of rectangular piece position and angle measurement method | |
| CN102506666B (en) | Comprehensive test method for geometric accuracy of numerically controlled milling machine | |
| CN101419044B (en) | Micron-nano grade three-dimensional measurement '331' system and measurement method thereof | |
| CN208419973U (en) | A kind of measuring tool of track installation adjustment | |
| CN103026310B (en) | Method for realizing the spatial transformation from machining points to reference points of installation survey | |
| CN111872743B (en) | Device and method for detecting thermotropic straightness-verticality error of horizontal machining center | |
| CN103278146B (en) | Measurement and mounting method of target spots on plane calibration target plate | |
| CN102636137A (en) | REVO (Resident Encrypted Variable Output) measuring head position posture calibrating method in joint arm type coordinate measuring machine | |
| CN207742559U (en) | The full degree of freedom accuracy detecting device of lathe linear motion run mode | |
| CN113074615A (en) | Measuring device and measuring method for inner cone of large part | |
| CN111060010A (en) | Parallel plane parameter on-machine measurement system and measurement method | |
| CN110345932A (en) | A kind of total station prism centering rod quick moving device and its method for rapidly positioning | |
| CN112478982B (en) | Method for installing vertical guide rail of ship elevator | |
| CN106247927A (en) | A kind of negative cruvature ruled surface measuring device for surface roughness and method | |
| CN117760298A (en) | Device and method for detecting parallelism of spindle box | |
| CN109823469B (en) | Ship main engine positioning method | |
| CN210400313U (en) | Channel steel/I-steel processing hole site continuous measurement appearance | |
| CN220170195U (en) | Flatness or straightness detection device for large-size workpiece | |
| CN212179781U (en) | Device for measuring central line of frame-shaped equipment | |
| CN113333831B (en) | Machining method for perpendicularity of bed saddle guide rail | |
| CN219015304U (en) | Multifunctional measuring ruler | |
| CN219276192U (en) | Quick positioning tool for double-support embedded steel plates of oblique precast box girder |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |