CN113798418B - Method for improving forging quality of steering knuckle disc part - Google Patents
Method for improving forging quality of steering knuckle disc part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113798418B CN113798418B CN202110999684.0A CN202110999684A CN113798418B CN 113798418 B CN113798418 B CN 113798418B CN 202110999684 A CN202110999684 A CN 202110999684A CN 113798418 B CN113798418 B CN 113798418B
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- Prior art keywords
- forging
- cavity
- claw
- lug
- extrusion
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000023431 Proboscidea parviflora Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019096 Proboscidea parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K7/00—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts
- B21K7/12—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts parts for locomotives or vehicles, e.g. frames, underframes
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of steering knuckles, in particular to a method for improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle disc part, which comprises the steps of heating raw materials, blanking, extruding, pre-forging and finish-forging to form a forging piece, wherein compared with a pre-forging cavity, the height of an ear part of an extrusion cavity is 0.8-0.9 times of the height of the ear part of the pre-forging cavity, metal is filled in the ear part of the extrusion cavity and flows towards a claw part, the extending speed of the metal along the extrusion cavity towards the claw part is always greater than the extending speed of flash along the direction, and the thickness of the disc part of the extrusion cavity is 1.2-1.5 times of the thickness of the disc part of the pre-forging cavity. According to the invention, the lug depth of the extrusion die cavity is reduced, so that the height of a long lug formed by extrusion is reduced, enough metal flows in the single-claw die cavity in the extrusion and molding process of the claw part, the extension length of a metal streamline at the single claw part is increased, and the phenomenon that the claw part is cracked in the subsequent heat treatment is prevented. The invention can improve the performance and quality of the steering knuckle, and the flash formed after extrusion is more uniform, thereby being beneficial to improving the utilization of materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steering knuckles, in particular to a method for improving forging quality of a steering knuckle disc part.
Background
The knuckle is also called a claw, and is one of important parts on an automobile steering axle, and the knuckle has the functions of bearing the front load of the automobile, supporting and driving the front wheel to rotate around a main pin so as to steer the automobile. In a state where the automobile is running, it is subjected to various impact loads, and therefore, it is required to have high strength. The steering knuckle is fork-shaped and mainly comprises a rod part, a flange plate and a fork part, wherein the rod part is a round platform shaft or a stepped shaft, the fork part comprises a long lug and a short lug, the long lug and the short lug are provided with coaxial main pin holes, and claw parts are further designed at two ends of the flange plate of the NP-series steering knuckle.
At present, the knuckle obtained by processing and forming in the prior art is easy to crack in the claw part, especially in a single claw, in the post heat treatment process, so that the quality and performance of the knuckle are reduced, and the rejection rate of products is improved. The research and detection of the company show that the metal streamline at the cracking position of the claw part extends relatively short, and the main reason of the cracking is that in the forming process, no redundant metal flows forward in the claw part, the flow speed of the flash metal at the two sides of the claw part is larger than that of the metal in the cavity, and finally the flash metal flows into the cavity and merges with the metal in the cavity, so that the blank forms cracks in the later heat treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle plate, which reduces the depth of a long lug cavity during extrusion, ensures the filling of a claw part, ensures that the metal flow speed in the claw part cavity during extrusion is greater than the metal flow speed of flash edges on two sides of the claw part, prolongs the metal streamline at the claw part, and is favorable for avoiding cracks generated in the claw part during the later heat treatment of a blank forging.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: heating raw materials, preparing blanks, extruding the blanks, pre-forging and finish-forging to form forgings, wherein the blanks are preliminarily extruded to form a rod part, a disc part, lugs and claw parts, redundant metal of the disc part is extruded to the lugs, the rod part and the claw parts during pre-forging, so that the forgings after pre-forging are formed, compared with a pre-forging cavity, the lug height of an extrusion cavity is 0.8-0.9 times of the lug height of the pre-forging cavity, metal fills the lug of the extrusion cavity and flows to the claw parts, the extending speed of the metal along the extrusion cavity to the claw parts is always greater than the extending speed of flash edges along the extending direction, the thickness of the disc part of the extrusion cavity is 1.2-1.5 times of the thickness of the disc part of the pre-forging cavity, and the thickness of the disc part of the extrusion cavity is gradually reduced from the rod part to the claw parts.
Further, the raw material is round steel, and is heated to 1180+/-30 ℃, and then is drawn or upset to obtain a blank.
Further, the radius of the transition fillet between the disc part and the lug part in the extrusion cavity is 20-35 mm, and the radius of the transition fillet between the disc part and the lug part in the pre-forging cavity is 20mm.
Further, the taper of the lug in the extrusion cavity is 12-15 degrees, and the taper of the lug in the pre-forging cavity is 6-8 degrees.
Further, the claw part comprises a single claw and a double claw, wherein the single claw is positioned on one side of the long lug, and the double claw is positioned on one side of the short lug.
Further, the width of the single claw in the extrusion cavity is smaller than that of the single claw in the pre-forging cavity, the width of the middle part of the single claw in the extrusion cavity is unchanged, and the width of the single claw in the pre-forging cavity is gradually reduced from the root part to the end part.
Further, during the pre-forging, the top of the ear part of the pre-forging cavity is smaller than the top of the ear part of the extruded blank by 1-3 mm, and the root of the ear part of the pre-forging cavity is larger than the root of the ear part of the extruded blank by 2-4 mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the height of the lug part of the extrusion cavity is reduced during extrusion, namely, the height of the lug part of the blank after extrusion is reduced, the filling of the claw part during extrusion is preferentially ensured, enough metal materials in the claw part cavity during extrusion flow towards the tail end of the claw part cavity, the extension length of a metal streamline at a single claw part is increased, and the phenomenon that the claw part is cracked in the subsequent heat treatment process is avoided. The invention improves the performance and quality of the steering knuckle, and the flash formed after extrusion is more uniform, thereby being beneficial to improving the material utilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the structure of a knuckle blank after extrusion.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pre-swaged knuckle blank.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a metal flow diagram of the single jaw cross section of fig. 3 along the A-A direction prior to modification.
Fig. 5 is a photograph of the cleavage site in the plan view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a photograph of a blank in an extrusion die prior to simulation of extrusion using form software.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-Long ear 2-short ear
3-flange 4-rod part
5-single claw 6-blank
7-extrusion die.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, without limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, in the method for improving the forging quality of the steering knuckle disc portion, round steel is heated to 1180±30 ℃, then a blank is obtained through drawing or upsetting, preferably, a blank is obtained through upsetting, and then the blank is formed into a forging piece through extrusion, pre-forging and finish forging, wherein the length of the blank obtained through drawing or upsetting is not longer than the length of a disc portion cavity during extrusion, metal can flow to a claw portion cavity after filling the ear portion during extrusion, a metal streamline of the forging piece is ensured, the blank is preliminarily formed into a rod portion, a disc portion, an ear portion and a claw portion through extrusion, the claw portion comprises a single claw and a double claw, the single claw is located on one side of a long ear, the double claw is located on one side of a short ear, redundant metal of the disc portion is extruded to the ear portion, the rod portion and the claw portion during pre-forging, so that the ear portion of the forged forging piece is formed, the ear portion of the extrusion cavity is 0.8-0.9 times the height of the ear portion of the pre-forging cavity, the metal can flow to the claw portion after filling the extrusion cavity, the metal extends to the claw portion along the extrusion cavity to the extrusion cavity, the thickness of the claw portion is always greater than the thickness of the claw portion along the flash edge in the direction, and the extending direction is 1.1-5 times the thickness of the disc cavity.
In the prior art, because the steering knuckle ear is difficult to mold, the mold of the ear, especially the long ear, is preferably ensured, before improvement, the height D of the long ear after extrusion is 132.5mm, the thickness D of the disc part is 42.5mm, the height D of the long ear after pre-forging is 133.6mm, and the thickness D of the disc part is 34mm. In the existing processing technology, the metal flow rate of the claw part in the extrusion cavity, especially the long claw part is insufficient, so that the metal flow rate in the claw part cavity is smaller than the metal flow rate of flash edges on two sides of the claw part during extrusion, further, the flash metal flows forward along with the narrowing of the cavity, the flash metal starts to flow into the cavity, the metal in the cavity and the flash metal are converged in the claw part cavity, the claw part metal streamline extension is short, and cracks are easy to form in the claw part after post heat treatment. In order to solve the defects in the existing knuckle forging process, the invention improves the knuckle machining process, reverses the process, reduces the lug height formed by the extrusion process, in particular to the long lug, and reduces the long lug height d of an extruded blank obtained by extrusion to 112.5mm after improvement, so that sufficient metal flows into a claw part, in particular a single claw cavity, during extrusion to preferentially ensure the filling of the claw part, the metal always flows into the tail end of the claw part in the claw part cavity, and the metal flowing speed in the claw part cavity is higher than that of flash on two sides of the claw part, thereby being beneficial to prolonging the metal streamline of the claw part, and avoiding cracks on the claw part and influencing the quality of the knuckle in the subsequent heat treatment process of the knuckle; in addition, after improvement, the thickness D of the disc part is increased to 46mm, which is beneficial to the flow of the metal of the disc part to the lug part during pre-forging.
The radius of the transition fillet between the disc part and the lug part in the extrusion cavity is 20-35 mm, and the radius of the transition fillet between the disc part and the lug part in the pre-forging cavity is 20mm; the taper of the lug part in the extrusion cavity is 12-15 degrees, the taper of the lug part in the pre-forging cavity is 6-8 degrees, wherein during pre-forging, the top of the lug part of the pre-forging cavity is smaller than the top of the lug part of the extruded blank by 1-3 mm, the root of the lug part of the pre-forging cavity is larger than the root of the lug part of the extruded blank by 2-4 mm, and the metal flows to the lug part during extrusion and pre-forging, so that the lug part is ensured to be filled.
The width of the single claw in the extrusion cavity is smaller than that of the single claw in the pre-forging cavity, the middle width of the single claw in the extrusion cavity is unchanged, and the width of the single claw in the pre-forging cavity is gradually reduced from the root to the end.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for improving the forging quality of the steering knuckle disc part is characterized by comprising the following steps of: heating raw materials, making blanks, extruding the blanks, pre-forging and finish-forging to form forgings, wherein the blanks are preliminarily extruded to form a rod part, a disc part, lugs and claw parts, redundant metal of the disc part is extruded to the lugs, the rod part and the claw parts during pre-forging, so that the forgings after pre-forging are formed, the lug height of an extrusion cavity is 0.8-0.9 times of the lug height of a pre-forging cavity, metal fills the lug of the extrusion cavity and flows to the claw parts, the extending speed of the metal along the extrusion cavity to the claw parts is always greater than the extending speed of flash edges along the extending direction, the thickness of the disc part of the extrusion cavity is 1.2-1.5 times of the thickness of the disc part of the pre-forging cavity, and the thickness of the disc part of the extrusion cavity is gradually reduced from the rod part to the claw parts.
2. The method of improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle section according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials are round steel, and are heated to 1180+/-30 ℃ and then drawn or upset to obtain blanks.
3. The method of improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle section according to claim 1, wherein: the radius of the transition fillet between the disc part and the lug part in the extrusion cavity is 20-35 mm, and the radius of the transition fillet between the disc part and the lug part in the pre-forging cavity is 20mm.
4. A method of improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle section according to claim 3, characterized by: the taper of the lug in the extrusion cavity is 12-15 degrees, and the taper of the lug in the pre-forging cavity is 6-8 degrees.
5. The method of improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle section according to claim 1, wherein: the claw part comprises a single claw and a double claw, wherein the single claw is positioned on one side of the long lug, and the double claw is positioned on one side of the short lug.
6. The method for improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle section according to claim 5, wherein: the width of the single claw in the extrusion cavity is smaller than that of the single claw in the pre-forging cavity, the middle width of the single claw in the extrusion cavity is unchanged, and the width of the single claw in the pre-forging cavity is gradually reduced from the root to the end.
7. The method for improving the forging quality of a steering knuckle section according to claim 4, wherein: during pre-forging, the top of each pre-forging cavity lug is smaller than the top of each lug of the extruded blank by 1-3 mm, and the root of each pre-forging cavity lug is larger than the root of each lug of the extruded blank by 2-4 mm.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110999684.0A CN113798418B (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2021-08-29 | Method for improving forging quality of steering knuckle disc part |
| PCT/CN2022/070289 WO2023029337A1 (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2022-01-05 | Method for improving forging quality of disc portions of steering knuckle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110999684.0A CN113798418B (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2021-08-29 | Method for improving forging quality of steering knuckle disc part |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113798418A CN113798418A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
| CN113798418B true CN113798418B (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110999684.0A Active CN113798418B (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2021-08-29 | Method for improving forging quality of steering knuckle disc part |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113798418B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023029337A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113798418B (en) * | 2021-08-29 | 2023-12-08 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Method for improving forging quality of steering knuckle disc part |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5785632A (en) * | 1980-11-18 | 1982-05-28 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Unrestricted extrusion type cold forging device |
| CN101716645A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2010-06-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for controlling isothermal precision formed forging flow line of complicated disk cake forging |
| CN107186160A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥工业大学 | The quiet step forming process of disk two of new-energy automotive air-conditioning compressor |
| CN208787448U (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-04-26 | 许昌中兴锻造有限公司 | Slip shaft yoke Preform Die type chamber new construction |
| CN109848344A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-07 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Knuckle ear end face and pan portion near-net-shape forging technology |
| CN110227779A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-13 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Near-net-shape forging method for knuckle part overlap |
| CN110293198A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-01 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Knuckle near-net-shape forging |
| CN113231588A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-10 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | Split-flow forging method for I-shaped titanium alloy forging |
| CN213997659U (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-08-20 | 山东恒泰车桥有限公司 | Finish forging die spindle nose bridge mouth structure |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE953401C (en) * | 1953-03-26 | 1956-11-29 | Augsburg Nuernberg A G Zweigni | Process for the production of steering knuckles with clevis |
| US20080034830A1 (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2008-02-14 | Tidwell Charles S | Systems and Methods for Reducing Metal Fatigue in Forged Parts |
| CN103302227A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-18 | 东风锻造有限公司 | Grading molding technology for vertical forging rod part of steering knuckle |
| CN112498476B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-07-05 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Method for improving elongation and shrinkage of steering knuckle lever part |
| CN113798418B (en) * | 2021-08-29 | 2023-12-08 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Method for improving forging quality of steering knuckle disc part |
-
2021
- 2021-08-29 CN CN202110999684.0A patent/CN113798418B/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-01-05 WO PCT/CN2022/070289 patent/WO2023029337A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5785632A (en) * | 1980-11-18 | 1982-05-28 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Unrestricted extrusion type cold forging device |
| CN101716645A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2010-06-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for controlling isothermal precision formed forging flow line of complicated disk cake forging |
| CN107186160A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥工业大学 | The quiet step forming process of disk two of new-energy automotive air-conditioning compressor |
| CN208787448U (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-04-26 | 许昌中兴锻造有限公司 | Slip shaft yoke Preform Die type chamber new construction |
| CN109848344A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-07 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Knuckle ear end face and pan portion near-net-shape forging technology |
| CN110227779A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-13 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Near-net-shape forging method for knuckle part overlap |
| CN110293198A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-01 | 湖北三环锻造有限公司 | Knuckle near-net-shape forging |
| CN213997659U (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-08-20 | 山东恒泰车桥有限公司 | Finish forging die spindle nose bridge mouth structure |
| CN113231588A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-10 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | Split-flow forging method for I-shaped titanium alloy forging |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113798418A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
| WO2023029337A1 (en) | 2023-03-09 |
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