CN104624893B - forging forming method of large marine crank - Google Patents
forging forming method of large marine crank Download PDFInfo
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- CN104624893B CN104624893B CN201510084155.2A CN201510084155A CN104624893B CN 104624893 B CN104624893 B CN 104624893B CN 201510084155 A CN201510084155 A CN 201510084155A CN 104624893 B CN104624893 B CN 104624893B
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- crank
- forging
- roughing
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- steel ingot
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000012999 compression bending Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009721 upset forging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a forging forming method of a large marine crank. The forging forming method includes the steps of steel ingot calculating, upset forging, rough machining, compression bending, pressing and shaping after demoulding and heat treatment. When a forged piece of the crank is subjected to rough machining, the shaft part in the middle of the crank is preferably directly machined into a cylindrical shape, crank arms on two sides are machined into tabulate shapes to have machining allowance reserved according to a rough machining figure, and a transition slope is symmetrically machined between the cylindrical shaft part and the tabulate crank arms. With the method, internal crank arm drapes, unsuited complete fiber, local flaw detection defects and the like appearing in other bend forging methods are effectively reduced, utilization rate of steel ingots can be increased, and production cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crank shaping method, and in particular to a kind of forging forming method of argosy crank, category
In forging molding technical field.
Background technology
Bent axle is one of core component of Diesel engine, is referred to as " heart " of engine, and its manufacturing cost accounts for sending out
The 10%-20% of motivation total cost, and for crank axle for vessel, this ratio can even reach 1/3, it puts down to diesel engine
Surely, safe operation plays vital effect.
It is well known that the good interior tissue of crank axle for vessel, rational metal streamline and higher dimensional accuracy and its
Manufacturing process is inseparable.At present, in the bent axle of forging and molding, small crank can adopt solid forging method, final to obtain
To full-fibre crankshaft, this bent axle is mainly used in the medium and small-scale vessel for being furnished with medium and small h type engine h, and for big-and-middle-sized song peculiar to vessel
Axle can only adopt the method for flat-die forging to be produced due to being limited by equipment and technique, and big-and-middle-sized crank axle for vessel
Manufacture difficulty is much greater for small crank.In prior art, in order to overcome the manufacture of big-and-middle-sized crank axle for vessel difficult
Degree, generally first by crank forging molding, then by the crank after shaping and shaft member assembling and then composition bent axle.
At present, the method for forging and molding of argosy crank has block forging method, ring forging method, die forging, upsetting method, curved forging method
Deng above-mentioned method for forging and molding has weak point in actual production, such as：Block forges method, and it has the disadvantage that allowance is big, into
This height, and quality is difficult up to standard, and percent defective is higher；Ring forges method, and it has the disadvantage the technique to equipment and the operation skill of workman
Energy requirement is very high, is difficult to realize aborning, and leachy danger is still deposited in forging；Die forging, major defect is not
The crank throw of same model is needed with different moulds, and production cost can be of a relatively high, especially with die forging production argosy song
Require that forcing press has very high tonnage, also has very high requirement, in actual production to the intensity of mould in addition during axle crank
Application be difficult realize；Upsetting method, the shortcoming of the method is that the manufacturing cost in production is too high, is not suitable for small lot batch manufacture；It is curved
Forging method, using the one-step forming of upsetting-bend-forging two, mainly there is RR, TR, NTR, NRR method, though it is current China's crank axle for vessel life
A kind of method that manufacturer production crankshaft used for large boat crank is generally adopted is produced, but easily there is crank arm inside bottom in the method
The phenomenon such as serious indent at serious fold, outside convex or concave, crank-pin, some indents have been even more than machined surface, and
Indent carries local casting skin after processing, and those skilled in the art need to increase in order to remove above-mentioned fold, evagination and indent, then
The allowance of crank, so undoubtedly reduces the utilization rate of steel ingot（Some steel ingot utilization rates are less than 25%）, in turn result in original
The waste of material, increases production cost.
The content of the invention
Not enough for more than, the present invention provides a kind of forging forming method of argosy crank, is ensureing crank processing
On the premise of quality, the utilization rate of steel ingot is improved.
Technical scheme：The forging forming method of argosy crank, comprises the following steps：
（1）Calculate steel ingot：Forging ratio is determined according to the roughing figure and crank performance requirement of crank, while calculating tapping
Ingot；
（2）Upsetting：Steel ingot is passed through into jumping-up and pulling forms " butterfly " shape crank forged piece, the crank forged piece is needed in satisfaction
State forging ratio requirement；
（3）Roughing：Rough turn processing crank forged piece, finished size meets the roughing figure of crank；
（4）Curved pressure：Rough machined crank forged piece heating will be completed, then pressure forming will be realized by press and mould；
（5）Pressing finishing is carried out after the demoulding；
（6）Heat treatment；
（7）Semifinishing.
Above-mentioned steps（3）In, when rough turn processing crank forged piece is carried out, the shaft portion in the middle of crank is directly processed into into circle
Column, is processed into the crank arm of both sides tabular and leaves allowance according to roughing figure, cylindrical shaft part with it is flat
Intermediate incline is symmetrically formed between tabular crank arm.
The present invention adopts upsetting, roughing, the one-step forming method of curved pressure three, and its process and advantage are specific as follows：
1st, upsetting is adopted, the forging ratio of crank request is not only met, and makes crank finer and close, while ensureing
The Whole fiber tissue of crank throw；
2nd, present invention innovation on prior art basis increases roughing technique, i.e., the crank forged piece processing forged
Into finished product crank open shape, while the shaft portion in the middle of crank is directly processed into it is cylindric, cylindrical shaft part with
Intermediate incline is symmetrically formed between tabular crank arm, do so can save many surpluses, greatly improve steel ingot utilization rate；This
Outward, due to increasing roughing technique, therefore only the thickness of crank arm need to be stayed allowance by quenched amount, and without considering
Crank bottom fold and especially increase surplus, therefore can equally save raw material, utilization rate is settled in raising；
3rd, the present invention be just carry out after roughing is completed it is curved molded, as long as corresponding less pressure in this case
Just the crank forged piece after processing can be directly pressed onto in lower mould, and the semi arch recess by using upper ram and lower mould
The circular arc pit of tool can directly be compacted the circular shaft part of crank, while crank arm is directly crowded with lower mould, so not only
State after the roughing of crank shaft arm and crank axle is maintained, and because curved molded this step does not change complete after crank forging
Fiber condition, a simply forming step, therefore effectively prevent the crank arm inside fold occurred in other curved forging methods and
Whole fiber changes and flaw detection such as does not conform at the phenomenon.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of steel ingot.
Fig. 2 is the front view of upsetting rear crank forging.
Fig. 3 is the top view of upsetting rear crank forging.
Fig. 4 is the front view of roughing rear crank forging.
Fig. 5 is the top view of roughing rear crank forging.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of crank forged piece before curved pressure.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of curved pressure rear crank forging.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram for flattening front crank forged piece.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram for flattening rear crank forging.
Specific embodiment
The forging forming method of argosy crank, comprises the following steps：
（1）Calculate steel ingot：Forging ratio is determined according to the roughing figure and crank performance requirement of crank, while calculating tapping
Ingot, the structure of steel ingot is as shown in Figure 1；
（2）Upsetting：Steel ingot is formed into " butterfly " shape crank forged piece, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the song by jumping-up and pulling
Handle forging needs to meet above-mentioned forging ratio requirement；
（3）Roughing：Rough turn processing crank forged piece, the shaft portion in the middle of crank is directly processed into it is cylindric, by both sides
Crank arm be processed into tabular and leave allowance according to roughing figure, cylindrical shaft part and tabular crank arm it
Between be symmetrically formed with intermediate incline, finished size meets the roughing figure of crank, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5；
（4）Curved pressure：Rough machined crank forged piece 2 will first be completed to heat, then crank forged piece 2 is lain on lower mould 3,
Pushed with upper ram 1, before the curved pressure of crank forged piece and curved pressure after structure as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7；
（5）Crank forged piece 2 is placed on lower flat anvil from after the demoulding in lower mould 3, with operation machine hyoplastron 5, Ran Houtong is clamped
Cross carries out pressing finishing to crank forged piece 2 using upper flat anvil, and structure is as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 before crank forged piece is flattened and after flattening；
（6）Finally carry out heat treatment and form crank semifinishing product.
Claims (1)
1. the forging forming method of argosy crank, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Calculate steel ingot：Forging ratio is determined according to the roughing figure and crank performance requirement of crank, while calculating steel ingot；
（2）Upsetting：Steel ingot is formed into " butterfly " shape crank forged piece by jumping-up and pulling, the crank forged piece needs to meet above-mentioned forging
Make than requiring；
（3）Roughing：Rough turn processing crank forged piece, finished size meets the roughing figure of crank；Carrying out, rough turn processing is bent
During handle forging, the shaft portion in the middle of crank is directly processed into it is cylindric, by the crank arm of both sides be processed into tabular and according to
Roughing figure leaves allowance, and intermediate incline is symmetrically formed between cylindrical shaft part and tabular crank arm；
（4）Curved pressure：Rough machined crank forged piece heating will be completed, then pressure forming will be realized by press and mould；
（5）Pressing finishing is carried out after the demoulding；
（6）Heat treatment；
（7）Semifinishing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510084155.2A CN104624893B (en) | 2015-02-16 | 2015-02-16 | forging forming method of large marine crank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510084155.2A CN104624893B (en) | 2015-02-16 | 2015-02-16 | forging forming method of large marine crank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104624893A CN104624893A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
| CN104624893B true CN104624893B (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510084155.2A Active CN104624893B (en) | 2015-02-16 | 2015-02-16 | forging forming method of large marine crank |
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| CN (1) | CN104624893B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106078090B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of forging technology of large axis forging |
| CN113926973B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-07-21 | 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 | Combined anvil die and process for forging large-scale crank throw |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5435156A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1979-03-15 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Forgeeforming of ladder stock |
| CN1283386C (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-11-08 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Process and apparatus for producing large diesel engine crank axle and crank for ship |
| CN100415408C (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-09-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Bending forging device and forging method for crankshaft throw of large ship |
| CN103406476B (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-05-13 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Method for forging large semi-round annular plate |
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| CN104624893A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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