CN113785925A - Preparation method and processing equipment of fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder - Google Patents
Preparation method and processing equipment of fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN113785925A CN113785925A CN202111078825.1A CN202111078825A CN113785925A CN 113785925 A CN113785925 A CN 113785925A CN 202111078825 A CN202111078825 A CN 202111078825A CN 113785925 A CN113785925 A CN 113785925A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/382—Other non-alcoholic beverages fermented
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/385—Concentrates of non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/39—Dry compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder and processing equipment thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: cleaning and pulping, enzymolysis and fermentation, constant-temperature extraction, reduced-pressure distillation, blending and mixing, spray drying and vacuum packaging. The invention adopts a unique novel fermentation technology to ferment the natural mulberry leaves, and overcomes the defects of cold property, bitter and astringent property, incapability of long-term drinking and the like of the natural mulberry leaves. The processing equipment mainly comprises three main parts, namely a blending kettle, a steam heater and a spray dryer, wherein the spray dryer consists of an atomizer, a spray dryer shell and a discharge hopper. Through setting up rotatory drying assembly, increased the delay realization and the randomness of fluid, and then increased drying performance. The air inlet pipes are arranged on the barrel body in an alternately inclined mode and are different in length, and local negative pressure is generated in the air inlet pipes, so that air outside the barrel body is sent into the barrel body, air-solid mixing is promoted, and heat exchange performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal and edible solid beverages, in particular to a preparation method of fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder and processing equipment thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the change of various factors such as economy, environment and life style, the number of diabetics in the world is rapidly increased at an alarming rate, about 1.22 hundred million diabetics exist in China at present, and the number of diabetics is estimated to exceed 1.5 hundred million by 2030 at the present increasing rate. Diabetes cannot be radically cured in medicine at present, patients mainly rely on oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin to control the disease conditions, and the commonly used oral hypoglycemic drugs mainly comprise the following drugs: biguanide hypoglycemic drugs, sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs, insulin sensitizers, glinide insulin secretagogues, a-glucosidase inhibitors and the like, but the drugs have obvious toxic and side effects while reducing blood sugar, can accelerate the aging of islet functions of patients after being taken for a long time, damage other organs of the body, particularly organs such as liver, kidney and the like, and induce various complications. Therefore, a blood sugar reducing product which is safe, non-toxic, convenient to carry, good in color, aroma and taste and suitable for being used by the diabetics for a long time is developed, and the blood sugar reducing product not only meets the deep desire of the diabetics, but also can meet the requirement of market development.
Mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) are leaves of Morus alba L, are reputed to be ginseng hot-tonifying and mulberry leaf clearing-tonifying, are homologous plants of medicine and food confirmed by the Ministry of health, and are listed as one of ten health-care foods in the 21 st century of human beings by the International food and health organization. Modern researches show that alkaloids, flavones and polysaccharides in mulberry leaves have certain blood sugar reducing activity, wherein the blood sugar reducing activity of the alkaloids is the most remarkable. Mulberry leaves contain an alkaloid called 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), which is an alkaloid only existing in mulberry leaves and is about 1mg/g, and the alkaloid is a well-known strong alpha-glycosidase inhibitor. China is the first major mulberry planting country in the world, most of the countries all plant mulberry, and the annual output is up to thousands of tons, so that mulberry leaves become one of the ideal raw materials of natural cheap and good functional food.
It is worth noting that natural mulberry leaves are cold and cool in nature, and cause gastrointestinal discomfort after being drunk for a long time, and are particularly difficult to drink for people with cold constitution. In order to solve the problems, the invention uses the black tea fermentation process for improving the cold and cool properties of natural mulberry leaves, and prepares the natural mulberry leaves into the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder which is convenient to drink, strong in instant solubility, pure in taste and convenient to carry by processes of constant-temperature extraction, reduced-pressure distillation, spray drying and the like, can be used as a blood sugar reducing auxiliary product for daily blood sugar control and hyperglycemia relief of diabetes patients, and can also be used as a daily life health-care food for people with abnormal blood sugar rise.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of gastrointestinal discomfort caused by long-term drinking of natural mulberry leaves, and provides a preparation method and processing equipment of fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder and processing equipment thereof are characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. cleaning and pulping: washing fresh folium Mori to remove impurities such as mud, draining, and pulping to obtain folium Mori homogenate;
b. and (3) enzymolysis and fermentation: adding a proper amount of mixed enzyme preparation into the mulberry leaf homogenate obtained in the step a, and then fermenting under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity to obtain mulberry leaf fermentation liquor;
c. leaching at constant temperature: b, adding a certain amount of distilled water into the mulberry leaf fermentation liquor in the step b for constant-temperature leaching, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and repeating twice to obtain a mulberry leaf extracting solution;
d. and (3) reduced pressure distillation: c, placing the mulberry leaf extracting solution in the step c into a rotary evaporator for proper concentration to prepare a mulberry leaf concentrated solution;
e. blending and mixing: d, placing the mulberry leaf concentrated solution in the step d into a blending kettle, adding a proper amount of sweetening agent, sour agent, drying auxiliary agent and the like, and uniformly mixing for later use;
f. spray drying: e, placing the mixed material in the step e into a spray dryer for spray drying to obtain the finished fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder;
g. and (3) vacuum packaging: and f, carrying out vacuum packaging on the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder obtained in the step f, wherein the packaging form of a finished product is bagged, and 10 g/bag.
Optionally, in the enzymolysis and fermentation process, the mixed enzyme preparation is one or more of cellulase, pectinase and alpha-amylase, the addition amount is 1-5%, the fermentation temperature is 20-40 ℃, the fermentation time is 3-6 h, and the fermentation humidity is 70-90%.
Optionally, in the constant-temperature leaching process, the ratio of the feed to the liquid is 1: 2-5 (wherein 1 is the mass of natural mulberry leaves), the leaching temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the leaching time is 5-8 h.
Optionally, in the reduced pressure distillation process, the temperature of the rotary evaporator is 50-70 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.95MPa, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 20-40%.
Optionally, in the blending and mixing process, the sweetener is one or more of L-arabinose, xylitol, stevioside and fructose suitable for diabetics, and the adding amount of the sweetener is 0.5-5%; the sour agent is one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid and malic acid, and the addition amount is 0.5-5%; the drying auxiliary agent is more than one of sodium octenyl succinate, maltodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose ester and lecithin, and the addition amount of the drying auxiliary agent is 1-10%.
Optionally, in the spray drying process, the feeding temperature of the spray dryer is 50 to 70 ℃, the feeding speed is 60 to 100mL/min, the air inlet temperature is 180 to 220 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 to 95 ℃, and the rotation speed of the spray head is 20000 to 35000 r/min.
The equipment used for blending, mixing and spray drying comprises:
the liquid outlet end of the blending kettle is communicated with a water pump through a liquid pipe;
the air inlet end of the steam heater is provided with an air collecting hood and an air pump;
a spray dryer comprised of an atomizer, a spray dryer housing, and a discharge hopper;
the atomizer is arranged on the spray dryer shell, the output end of the atomizer is communicated with a spray head, and the spray head extends into the spray dryer shell;
the atomizer is communicated with the liquid outlet of the water pump through a liquid pipe and is communicated with the air outlet end of the steam heater through a first air pipe;
the discharge hopper is arranged at the bottom end of the spray dryer shell;
install rotatory drying assembly in the spray dryer shell, install the rotation driving subassembly on the spray dryer shell, rotation driving subassembly drive rotatory drying assembly rotary motion.
Optionally, the rotary drying assembly comprises a shaft sleeve, a cylinder and an air inlet pipe;
the shaft sleeve is rotatably arranged at the top end of the spray dryer shell and is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the spray head;
the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged barrel body, the barrel body adopts a hollow structure with two communicated sides, and the spray head extends into the barrel body;
at least one air inlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body.
Optionally, the rotary drying assembly further comprises a uniform air feed assembly;
the uniform air supply component consists of a net barrel, a stop block, a housing and a rod body;
the screen barrel is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve through a rod body, a plurality of through holes are formed in the shell of the spray dryer, the housing is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the shell of the spray dryer and wraps all the through holes, and the housing is communicated with the air outlet end of the steam heater through a second air pipe;
the number of the through holes is an even number, the number of the stop blocks is half of the number of the through holes, the stop blocks are used for shielding the through holes, the stop blocks are alternately arranged on the mesh barrel at positions corresponding to the through holes, and when the mesh barrel rotates, the stop blocks alternately shield the through holes.
Optionally, the rotary drying assembly further comprises a gas-material separation assembly;
the gas-material separation assembly comprises a piston, the piston is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of a cylinder, the cylinder is rotatably connected to a partition plate, and the partition plate is fixedly connected to the spray dryer shell;
a channel with two communicated ends is axially arranged in the piston, and an annular cavity is arranged on one side of the piston close to the outside;
the baffle plate is provided with at least one air outlet pipe which is communicated with one or more of the liquid pipe, the first air pipe and the second air pipe;
the annular cavity is provided with an opening communicated with the outside, the partition plate extends to the opening and is provided with a slot communicated with the opening, and the slot is communicated with the air outlet pipe;
the outer surface of the piston is provided with a plurality of fins in a surrounding manner, and micropores which are communicated with the inside and the outside are formed between two adjacent fins of the piston;
the annular cavity is obliquely arranged, and the length of the opening is continuously reduced from bottom to top.
The preparation method of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention adopts a unique novel fermentation technology to ferment the mulberry leaf homogenate, overcomes the defects of cold property, bitter and astringent property, incapability of long-term taking and the like of natural mulberry leaves, and enlarges the application range; before fermentation, natural mulberry leaves are homogenized and added with a proper amount of enzyme preparation in order to destroy the cell walls of plants and increase the dissolution of soluble substance components so as to ensure the fermentation effect.
The invention adopts a constant-temperature water extraction process, so that on one hand, the problem of solvent residue caused by organic solvent extraction can be effectively avoided; on the other hand, the redissolution effect of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder can be ensured; in addition, the reduced pressure distillation concentration technology is adopted to effectively avoid the damage of high temperature to nutrient substances in the mulberry leaf leaching liquor and furthest reserve the aggressiveness of the bioactive components.
The fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder is dried by adopting a spray drying process, the prepared fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder is fine and uniform in particle, and the instant effect is ensured; after spray drying, vacuumizing and packaging are adopted, so that the quality guarantee period of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder can be prolonged, and meanwhile, moisture absorption can be prevented to further influence the instant effect of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder.
The processing equipment provided by the invention has the following advantages:
according to the rotary drying device, the rotary drying component is arranged, the cylinder body can drive the air inlet pipe on the rotary drying component to be driven through the rotation of the cylinder body, and the air inlet pipe performs collision rotation on fluid in the cylinder body, so that the fluid in the cylinder body is prevented from being vertically up and down, the retention realization and randomness of the fluid are increased, and the drying performance is further improved. The air inlet pipes are arranged on the barrel body in an alternately inclined mode and are different in length, and local negative pressure is generated in the air inlet pipes, so that air outside the barrel body is sent into the barrel body, air-solid mixing is promoted, and heat exchange performance is improved.
According to the invention, the uniform air supply assembly matched with the shaft sleeve is arranged, when the shaft sleeve rotates, the net barrel can be driven to rotate, the net barrel drives the stop blocks on the net barrel to move and alternately shield the through holes, and the static flow is only half of the former static flow due to alternate air intake of the through holes, so that on one hand, air can be temporarily retained in the housing, the uniformity of air heat is increased, and on the other hand, when different through holes are opened, hot air can alternately enter the housing of the spray dryer, thereby achieving the effect of uniform air supply.
The gas-material separation assembly is arranged to alternately supply gas, so that gas close to the opening can generate vortex and can drive the fins to vibrate like vortex excitation, the vortex gas drives surrounding gas and powder doped in the surrounding gas to shake up and down to perform gas-solid separation, the material mixed in the surrounding gas continuously collides with the fins, and the fins rotate and vibrate to continuously throw out the material attached to the fins downwards, so that the gas can be recycled through the gas outlet pipe, and the material sedimentation is realized in the recycling process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the spray dryer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary drying module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotary drive assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a uniform gas supply assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the assembled gas-material separation assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the gas-material separation assembly of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 blending kettle, 2 liquid pipes, 3 water pumps, 4 gas collecting hoods, 5 gas pumps, 6 steam heaters, 7 first gas pipes, 8 second gas pipes, 9 atomizers, 10 rotary driving components, 101 motors, 102 supports, 103 gear sets, 11 partition plates, 12 spray dryer shells, 13 discharge hoppers, 14 spray heads, 15 rotary drying components, 151 shaft sleeves, 152 cylinder bodies, 153 gas inlet pipes, 16 uniform gas supply components, 161 net barrels, 162 baffle blocks, 163 through holes, 164 cover shells, 165 rod bodies, 17 gas-material separation components, 171 pistons, 172 annular cavities, 173 micropores, 174 fins, 175 gas outlet pipes, 176 channels, 177 openings and 178 grooves.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example one
A fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning and pulping: washing fresh folium Mori to remove impurities such as mud, draining, and pulping to obtain folium Mori homogenate;
b. and (3) enzymolysis and fermentation: adding a proper amount of mixed enzyme preparation into the mulberry leaf homogenate obtained in the step a, and then fermenting under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity to obtain mulberry leaf fermentation liquor;
in the enzymolysis and fermentation process, the mixed enzyme preparation is one or more than one of cellulase, pectinase and alpha-amylase, the addition amount is 1%, the fermentation temperature is 20 ℃, the fermentation time is 3h, and the fermentation humidity is 70%.
c. Leaching at constant temperature: b, adding a certain amount of distilled water into the mulberry leaf fermentation liquor in the step b for constant-temperature leaching, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and repeating twice to obtain a mulberry leaf extracting solution;
in the constant-temperature leaching process, the ratio of the fermentation liquor to the distilled water is 1: 2. the leaching temperature is 50 ℃, and the leaching time is 5 h.
d. And (3) reduced pressure distillation: c, placing the mulberry leaf extracting solution in the step c into a rotary evaporator for proper concentration to prepare a mulberry leaf concentrated solution;
in the reduced pressure distillation process, the temperature of the rotary evaporator is 50 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.95MPa, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 20%.
e. Blending and mixing: putting the mulberry leaf concentrated solution in the step e into a blending kettle, adding a proper amount of sweetening agent, sour agent, drying auxiliary agent and the like, and uniformly mixing for later use;
in the blending and mixing process, the sweetening agent is one or more of suitable L-arabinose, xylitol, stevioside and fructose, and the addition amount is 0.5 percent; the sour agent is one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid and malic acid, and the addition amount is 0.5%; the drying auxiliary agent is more than one of sodium octenyl succinate, maltodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose ester and lecithin, and the addition amount is 1%.
f. Spray drying: e, placing the mixed material in the step e into a spray dryer for spray drying to obtain the finished fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder;
in the spray drying process, the feeding temperature of the spray dryer is 50 ℃, the feeding speed is 60mL/min, the air inlet temperature is 180 ℃, the air exhaust temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotating speed of the spray head 14 is 20000 r/min.
g. And (3) vacuum packaging: and f, carrying out vacuum packaging on the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder obtained in the step f, wherein the packaging form of a finished product is bagged, and 10 g/bag.
Example two
A fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning and pulping: washing fresh folium Mori to remove impurities such as mud, draining, and pulping to obtain folium Mori homogenate;
b. and (3) enzymolysis and fermentation: adding a proper amount of mixed enzyme preparation into the mulberry leaf homogenate obtained in the step a, and then fermenting under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity to obtain mulberry leaf fermentation liquor;
in the enzymolysis and fermentation process, the mixed enzyme is one or more than one of cellulase, pectinase and alpha-amylase, the addition amount is 3%, the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, the fermentation time is 5h, and the fermentation humidity is 80%.
c. Leaching at constant temperature: b, adding a certain amount of distilled water into the mulberry leaf fermentation liquor in the step b for constant-temperature leaching, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and repeating twice to obtain a mulberry leaf extracting solution;
in the constant-temperature leaching, the ratio of fermentation liquor to distilled water is 1: 3. the leaching temperature is 60 ℃, and the leaching time is 6 h.
d. And (3) reduced pressure distillation: c, placing the mulberry leaf extracting solution in the step c into a rotary evaporator for proper concentration to prepare a mulberry leaf concentrated solution;
in the reduced pressure distillation process, the temperature of the rotary evaporator is 60 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.95MPa, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 30%.
e. Blending and mixing: d, placing the concentrated solution of the mulberry leaves in the step d into a blending kettle, adding a proper amount of sweetening agent, sour agent, drying auxiliary agent and the like, and uniformly mixing for later use;
in the blending and mixing process, the sweetening agent is one or more than one of L-arabinose, xylitol, stevioside and fructose, and the adding amount is 2%; the sour agent is one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid and malic acid, and the addition amount is 2%; the drying auxiliary agent is more than one of sodium octenyl succinate, maltodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose ester and lecithin, and the addition amount is 5%.
f. Spray drying: e, placing the mixed material in the step e into a spray dryer for spray drying to obtain the finished fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder;
in the spray drying process, the feed temperature of the spray dryer is 60 deg.C, the feed rate is 80mL/min, the air inlet temperature is 200 deg.C, the air exhaust temperature is 85 deg.C, and the rotation speed of the spray head 14 is 30000r/min
g. And (3) vacuum packaging: and f, carrying out vacuum packaging on the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder obtained in the step f, wherein the packaging form of a finished product is bagged, and 10 g/bag.
EXAMPLE III
A fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning and pulping: washing fresh folium Mori to remove impurities such as mud, draining, and pulping to obtain folium Mori homogenate;
b. and (3) enzymolysis and fermentation: adding a proper amount of mixed enzyme preparation into the mulberry leaf homogenate obtained in the step a, and then fermenting under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity to obtain mulberry leaf fermentation liquor;
in the enzymolysis and fermentation process, the mixed enzyme is directly one or more than one of cellulase, pectinase and alpha-amylase, the addition amount is 5%, the fermentation temperature is 40 ℃, the fermentation time is 6h, and the fermentation humidity is 90%.
c. Leaching at constant temperature: b, adding a certain amount of distilled water into the mulberry leaf fermentation liquor in the step b for constant-temperature leaching, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and repeating twice to obtain a mulberry leaf extracting solution;
in the constant-temperature leaching process, the ratio of the fermentation liquor to the distilled water is 1: 5. the leaching temperature is 70 ℃, and the leaching time is 8 h.
d. And (3) reduced pressure distillation: c, placing the mulberry leaf extracting solution in the step c into a rotary evaporator for proper concentration to prepare a mulberry leaf concentrated solution;
in the reduced pressure distillation process, the temperature of the rotary evaporator is 70 ℃, the vacuum degree is 095MPa, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 40%.
e. Blending and mixing: d, placing the concentrated solution of the mulberry leaves in the step d into a blending kettle, adding a proper amount of sweetening agent, sour agent, drying auxiliary agent and the like, and uniformly mixing for later use;
in the blending and mixing process, the sweetening agent is one or more than one of L-arabinose, xylitol, stevioside and fructose, and the adding amount is 5 percent; the sour agent is one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid and malic acid, and the addition amount is 5%; the drying auxiliary agent is more than one of sodium octenyl succinate, maltodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose ester and lecithin, and the addition amount is 10%.
f. Spray drying: putting the mixed material in the step f into a spray dryer for spray drying to obtain the finished fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder;
in the spray drying process, the feeding temperature of the spray dryer is 70 ℃, the feeding speed is 100mL/min, the air inlet temperature is 220 ℃, the air exhaust temperature is 95 ℃, and the rotating speed of the spray head 14 is 35000 r/min.
g. And (3) vacuum packaging: and f, carrying out vacuum packaging on the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder obtained in the step f, wherein the packaging form of a finished product is bagged, and 10 g/bag.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, in the first to third embodiments, the equipment used for mixing and spray drying is specifically set as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the liquid outlet end of the blending kettle 1 is communicated with a water pump 3 through a liquid pipe 2, and the feeding speed of the water pump 3 is controlled to be 60-100 mL/min.
Referring to fig. 1, the inlet end of the steam heater 6 is provided with a gas collecting channel 4 and an air pump 5. The operation temperature of the steam heater 6 is 180-220 ℃, and the exhaust temperature is set to be 80-95 ℃.
Referring to fig. 1, the spray dryer is comprised of an atomizer 9, a spray dryer housing 12, and a discharge hopper 13.
Referring to fig. 2, the atomizer 9 is mounted on the spray dryer housing 12, the output end of the atomizer 9 is connected with a spray head 14, and the spray head 14 extends into the spray dryer housing 12. The rotating speed of the spray head 14 is 20000 to 35000 r/min.
Referring to fig. 1, an atomizer 9 is communicated with the liquid outlet of a water pump 3 through a liquid pipe 2, and the atomizer 9 is communicated with the air outlet end of a steam heater 6 through a first air pipe 7;
go out hopper 13 and set up in the bottom of spray dryer shell 12, go out hopper 13 and can adopt the negative pressure formula, take material and gas out through the installation air pump.
Referring to fig. 2, a rotary drying assembly 15 is installed in the spray dryer housing 12, and a rotary driving assembly 10 is installed on the spray dryer housing 12, and the rotary driving assembly 10 drives the rotary drying assembly 15 to rotate.
Referring to fig. 3, the rotary drying assembly 15 includes a shaft sleeve 151, a cylinder 152 and an air inlet pipe 153, and the connection manner is as follows:
the shaft sleeve 151 is rotatably disposed on the top end of the spray dryer housing 12, the shaft sleeve 151 can be rotatably connected to the top end of the spray dryer housing 12 through a bearing, the shaft sleeve 151 is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the spray head 14, and the shaft sleeve 151 can be rotatably connected to the spray dryer housing through a bearing.
The shaft sleeve 151 is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged cylinder 152, the cylinder 152 adopts a hollow structure with two communicated sides, and the spray head 14 extends into the cylinder 152, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
At least one air inlet pipe 153 is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body 152, and the air inlet pipe 153 can be in a plurality of lengths with different sizes and is alternately and obliquely arranged on the cylinder body 152. According to the aerodynamics, the higher the flow rate, the lower the pressure, when the gas in the cylinder 152 flows, and the fluid in the cylinder 152 flows, and because the air inlet pipe 153 is inclined, the fluid can only move downwards, and local negative pressure can be generated in the air inlet pipe 153, so that the gas outside the cylinder 152 is sent into the cylinder 152, the gas-solid mixing is promoted, and the heat exchange performance is improved.
When the barrel 152 is rotatory, the barrel 152 can drive the intake pipe 153 on it from the beginning, and the intake pipe 153 collides the rotation to the fluid in the barrel 152 to avoid the fluid in the barrel 152 to be straight up and down, increased the delay realization and the randomness of fluid, increased drying performance.
Referring to fig. 4, the rotary driving assembly 10 includes a motor 101, a bracket 102, and a gear set 103, wherein the motor 101 is mounted on the spray dryer housing 12 through the bracket 102, and an output shaft of the motor 101 is connected with a shaft sleeve 151 through the gear set 103 and drives the bearing sleeve 151 to rotate.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the uniform air supply assembly 16 is composed of a mesh barrel 161, a stopper 162, a housing 164, and a rod 165;
the net barrel 161 is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve 151 through the rod body 165, the net barrel 161 is used for pressure equalization, and due to the fact that the net barrel 161 is provided with the meshes, air outside the net barrel 161 slowly penetrates through the meshes to enter the net barrel 161, and air pressure at each mesh is the same.
The spray dryer shell 12 is provided with a plurality of through holes 163, the cover 164 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spray dryer shell 12 and wraps all the through holes 163, and the cover 164 is communicated with the air outlet end of the steam heater 6 through the second air pipe 8;
the number of the through holes 163 is even, the number of the stoppers 162 is half of the number of the through holes 163, the stoppers 162 are used for shielding the through holes 163, the stoppers 162 are alternately arranged on the mesh barrel 161 at positions corresponding to the through holes 163, and when the mesh barrel 161 rotates, the stoppers 162 alternately shield the through holes 163.
Since the hot air is directly supplied into the spray dryer housing 12, the hot air cannot be uniformly distributed in the spray dryer housing 12, and can only be absorbed by the nearest air inlet pipe 153 and supplied into the cylinder 152, so that all the air inlet pipes 153 cannot uniformly absorb the hot air. The uniform air supply assembly 16 is used for solving the above problems, and specifically, when the shaft sleeve 151 rotates, the net barrel 161 is driven to rotate, the net barrel 161 drives the stop block 162 thereon to move and alternately block the through holes 163, because the through holes 163 alternately supply air, the static flow is only half of the former, on one hand, the air can be temporarily retained in the housing 164, the uniformity of air heat is increased, and on the other hand, when different through holes 163 are opened, hot air can alternately enter the spray dryer housing 12, so that the uniform air supply effect is achieved.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the rotary drying module 15 further includes a gas-material separating assembly 17, the gas-material separating assembly 17 includes a piston 171, the piston 171 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of a cylinder 152, the cylinder 152 is rotatably connected to the partition 11, and the partition 11 is fixedly connected to the spray dryer housing 12.
A passage 176 having both ends communicating with each other is axially provided in the piston 171, and the passage 176 is used to send out gas from the top to the bottom of the partition plate 11.
An annular chamber 172 is formed inside and outside the piston 171. The annular chamber 172 is disposed obliquely, and the length of the opening 177 decreases from bottom to top, so that the suction force on the upper side of the annular chamber 172 is greater than that on the lower side.
At least one air outlet pipe 175 is provided on the partition plate 11, and the air outlet pipe 175 is communicated with one or more of the liquid pipe 2, the first air pipe 7 and the second air pipe 8. Referring to fig. 8, the outlet pipe 175 communicates with the liquid pipe 2.
The annular chamber 172 is opened with an opening 177 communicating with the outside, the partition 11 extends to the opening 177 and is provided with a slot 178 communicating with the opening 177, and the slot 178 is communicated with the outlet pipe 175. The outer surface of the piston 171 is surrounded by a plurality of fins 174, and the piston 171 is provided with micro holes 173 communicating inside and outside between two adjacent fins 174.
Since the piston 171 rotates, the opening 177 follows the follower of the piston 171, so that the opening 177 alternately aligns with the slots 178, and when not aligning therewith, the slots 178 are blocked by the solid portion of the piston 171, and when aligning therewith, external gas is fed into the slots 178 through the opening 177, the annular chamber 172. Due to alternate gas supply, gas close to the opening 177 can generate vortex, the fins 174 can be driven to vibrate like vortex-induced vibration, the vortex gas drives surrounding gas and powder doped in the surrounding gas to shake up and down to perform gas-solid separation, mixed materials in the surrounding gas continuously collide on the fins 174, and the fins 174 continuously throw out materials attached to the fins 174 downwards due to rotation and vibration, so that the gas can be recycled through the gas outlet pipe 175, and the settlement of the materials is realized in the recycling process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder and processing equipment thereof are characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. cleaning and pulping: washing fresh folium Mori to remove impurities such as mud, draining, and pulping to obtain folium Mori homogenate;
b. and (3) enzymolysis and fermentation: b, adding a mixed enzyme preparation into the mulberry leaf homogenate obtained in the step a, and then fermenting under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity to obtain a mulberry leaf fermentation liquid;
c. leaching at constant temperature: adding distilled water into the mulberry leaf fermentation liquor in the step b for leaching at constant temperature, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and repeating twice to obtain a mulberry leaf extracting solution;
d. and (3) reduced pressure distillation: c, placing the mulberry leaf extracting solution in the step c into a rotary evaporator for proper concentration to prepare a mulberry leaf concentrated solution;
e. blending and mixing: d, placing the mulberry leaf concentrated solution in the step d into a blending kettle, adding a sweetening agent, an acidity regulator, a drying auxiliary agent and the like, and uniformly mixing for later use;
f. spray drying: e, placing the mixed material in the step e into a spray dryer for spray drying to obtain the finished fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder;
g. and (3) vacuum packaging: and f, carrying out vacuum packaging on the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder in the step f, wherein the packaging form of a finished product is bagged, and 10 g/bag.
2. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder according to claim 1, wherein in the enzymolysis and fermentation process, the mixed enzyme preparation is one or more of cellulase, pectinase and alpha-amylase, the addition amount is 1-5%, the fermentation temperature is 20-40 ℃, the fermentation time is 3-6 h, and the fermentation humidity is 70-90%.
3. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf instant powder for reducing blood sugar according to claim 1, wherein in the constant-temperature leaching process, the material-liquid ratio is 1: 2-5 (wherein 1 is the mass of natural mulberry leaves), the leaching temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the leaching time is 5-8 h.
4. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder according to claim 1, wherein in the reduced pressure distillation process, the temperature of the rotary evaporator is 50-70 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.95MPa, and the concentration is carried out until the solid content is 20-40%.
5. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder according to claim 1 are characterized in that in the blending and mixing process, the sweetening agent is one or more of L-arabinose, xylitol, stevioside and fructose, and the addition amount is 0.5-5%; the sour agent is one or more of citric acid, tartaric acid and malic acid, and the addition amount is 0.5-5%; the drying auxiliary agent is more than one of sodium octenyl succinate, maltodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose ester and lecithin, and the addition amount of the drying auxiliary agent is 1-10%.
6. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder according to claim 1, wherein in the spray drying process, the feeding temperature of the spray dryer is 50-70 ℃, the feeding speed is 60-100 mL/min, the air inlet temperature is 180-220 ℃, the air exhaust temperature is 80-95 ℃, and the rotating speed of a spray head 14 is 20000-35000 r/min.
7. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf blood sugar reducing instant powder as claimed in claims 5 and 6, wherein the equipment used in the processes of blending, mixing and spray drying comprises:
the liquid outlet end of the blending kettle (1) is communicated with a water pump (3) through a liquid pipe (2);
the steam heating device comprises a steam heater (6), wherein a gas collecting hood (4) and an air pump (5) are arranged at the gas inlet end of the steam heater (6);
a spray dryer consisting of an atomizer (9), a spray dryer housing (12) and a discharge hopper (13);
the atomizer (9) is arranged on the spray dryer shell (12), the output end of the atomizer (9) is communicated with a spray head (14), and the spray head (14) extends into the spray dryer shell (12);
the atomizer (9) is communicated with the liquid outlet of the water pump (3) through a liquid pipe (2), and the atomizer (9) is communicated with the air outlet end of the steam heater (6) through a first air pipe (7);
the discharge hopper (13) is arranged at the bottom end of the spray dryer shell (12);
install rotatory drying assembly (15) in spray dryer shell (12), install rotary drive subassembly (10) on spray dryer shell (12), rotary drive subassembly (10) drive rotatory drying assembly (15) rotary motion.
8. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf sugar-reducing instant powder according to claim 7, wherein the rotary drying component (15) comprises a shaft sleeve (151), a cylinder (152) and an air inlet pipe (153);
the shaft sleeve (151) is rotatably arranged at the top end of the spray dryer shell (12), and the shaft sleeve (151) is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the spray head (14);
the shaft sleeve (151) is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged cylinder body (152), the cylinder body (152) adopts a hollow structure with two communicated sides, and the spray head (14) extends into the cylinder body (152);
at least one air inlet pipe (153) is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body (152).
9. The preparation method and processing equipment of fermented mulberry leaf sugar-reducing instant powder according to claim 8, wherein the rotary drying component (15) further comprises a uniform air feeding component (16);
the uniform air supply assembly (16) consists of a net barrel (161), a stop block (162), a housing (164) and a rod body (165);
the mesh barrel (161) is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve (151) through a rod body (165), a plurality of through holes (163) are formed in the spray dryer shell (12), the housing (164) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spray dryer shell (12) and wraps all the through holes (163), and the housing (164) is communicated with the air outlet end of the steam heater (6) through a second air pipe (8);
the number of the through holes (163) is an even number, the number of the stoppers (162) is half of the number of the through holes (163), the stoppers (162) are used for shielding the through holes (163), the stoppers (162) are alternately arranged on the mesh barrel (161) at positions corresponding to the through holes (163), and when the mesh barrel (161) rotates, the stoppers (162) alternately shield the through holes (163).
10. The preparation method and processing equipment of the fermented mulberry leaf sugar-reducing instant powder according to claim 9, wherein the rotary drying component (15) further comprises a gas-material separation component (17);
the gas-material separation assembly (17) comprises a piston (171), the piston (171) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of a cylinder body (152), the cylinder body (152) is rotatably connected to a partition plate (11), and the partition plate (11) is fixedly connected to a spray dryer shell (12);
a channel (176) with two communicated ends is axially arranged in the piston (171), and an annular cavity (172) is arranged on one side of the piston (171) close to the outside;
the clapboard (11) is provided with at least one air outlet pipe (175), and the air outlet pipe (175) is communicated with one or more of the liquid pipe (2), the first air pipe (7) and the second air pipe (8);
an opening (177) communicated with the outside is formed in the annular cavity (172), the partition plate (11) extends to the opening (177) and is provided with a notch (178) communicated with the opening, and the notch (178) is communicated with the air outlet pipe (175);
a plurality of fins (174) are arranged on the outer surface of the piston (171) in a surrounding mode, and micropores (173) which are communicated with the inside and the outside are formed between every two adjacent fins (174) of the piston (171);
the annular cavity (172) is obliquely arranged, and the length of the opening (177) is continuously reduced from bottom to top.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116195734A (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-06-02 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Concentrated fermented mulberry leaf hypoglycemic capsule, content thereof and preparation method of content |
| CN116268185A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-06-23 | 峨眉山市龙腾生物科技有限公司 | Feed based on hair hydrolysis waste liquid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN209771364U (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-12-13 | 天津鑫正牧农蛋白质有限公司 | Spray drying device is used in plasma protein powder production |
| CN110772818A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-11 | 南京中医药大学 | Mulberry leaf extract spray drying equipment |
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| US3423843A (en) * | 1966-04-21 | 1969-01-28 | Laguilharre Pierre R | Equipment for drying by spray atomization |
| US3963559A (en) * | 1971-01-19 | 1976-06-15 | Mogens Petersen | Spray drying device for the production of powder, e.g. milk powder |
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| CN116268185A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-06-23 | 峨眉山市龙腾生物科技有限公司 | Feed based on hair hydrolysis waste liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN116268185B (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2024-03-22 | 峨眉山市龙腾生物科技有限公司 | Feed based on hair hydrolysis waste liquid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113785925B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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